104
—Lancaster Farming, Saturdi
Worms attacking
NEWAR&, Del. - As if the
shortage of rainfall weren’t
trouble enough for one
season, Delaware fanners
are now facing 2 serious
threat to those crops which
so far have managed to
struggle through this
Summer’s drought. An in
vasion of four different but
equally destructive kinds of
worms is working its
relentless way up the
Delmarva peninsula. Nearly
$4O million worth of crops
are at stake.
The hungry larvae - which
include the Fall armyworm,
com earworm, beet ar
myworm, and yellow-striped
armyworm - are already
active in fields of soybeans,
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TUB GRINDERS
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The larger Model 398 has a
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Both models feature an
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A total of 18 grinding
screens plus ear com and
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INDUSTRIAL
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County, cnrisiopn nab bumc
:ember 3.1977
limas and green peppers in
Sussex County, reports
University of Delaware
Extension pest management
specialist Mark Graustein.
And he doesn’t expect the
voracious army to spare any
part of the state.
The specialist, who heads
the Delaware Cooperative
Extension Serivce’s 6-year
old pest management
program, has been anxiously
watching signs of the insect
buildup over the JaSt few
weeks. On August 16 he sent
out an alert in his regular
weekly report that goes to
many area farmers, war
ning them of what to expect.
By now things have broken
wide open in the worse in
festation of these worms in
the past 10 years. The need
at this stage is to help
growers identify the larvae
which are devouring crops in
particular fields and then to
advise them on appropriate
control measures. The
situation is made more
serious by the fact that all
the pesticides effective
against the worms are
presently in very short
supply.
The infestation is being
monitored by Graustein and
his crew of four field scouts.
At present they are sur
veying fields of cooperating
growers twice a week in
order to keep tabs on this
and other potential insect
build-ups. They also base
their evaluation of the
problem on the number of
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YORK, PA 17404
To be processed, your order
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egg laying moths found in
black light traps located at
16 stations around the state.
They say that virtually
every acre of late planted
field corn they’ve looked at
is infested with fall ar
myworms, and several fields
have already been sprayed
twice because of continued
egg laying pressure.
Com earworm moth ac
tivity has also exploded
during the last few weeks,
with light trap catches
averaging well over 100 per
night at many locations. This
is four to five times above
the expected normal trend
for this time of year. Now
that most com is too far
advanced for egg laying,
Limas, snap beans, peppers
and soybeans are coming
under heavy attack.
The beet armyworm will
defoliate peppers, limas and
soybeans as well as attack
the fruit, and is probably the
most difficult of the worms
to control, says Graustein.
The best chemicals for
control of all four larvae
are: Lanate, Nudrin and
Otheene. Sevin, another
insecticide in much more
abundant supply right now,
is effective only on the com
earworm.
The specialist urges
farmers to contact him or
their county Extension agent
for help in identifying the
specific type in infestation
they have in their fields
before attempting treat
ment.
BANKAMERICARD
$4O million crops
As pest management
specialist, in the past
Graustein has helped
Delaware farmers save
hundreds of thousands of
dollars by advising them
against unnecessary* in
secticide use. This time he.
again hopes to help them
save money by timely,
appropriate sprayings. For
effective' control, he says
that it is essential to wait
until larval buildup is in
substantial numbers,
because spraying won’t kill
the eggs from which worms
hatch, and a premature
application will only waste
scarce and costly chemicals.
In soybean fields, the
economic threshold at which
spraying will save (rather
than waste) money, comes
when pest populations
average one larva per foot of
row in wide-spaced rows, or
one woim per three feet in
20-inch or narrower rows.
These thresholds should be
lowered, however, if drought
has reduced pod set on
soybeans.
The entomologist
speculates that the di
sastrous pest buildup may
have resulted from two
factors. First, com (the
preferred host of the worms)
is being planted earlier each
year, thus providing an
excellent food source for
overwintering adult moths to
lay their eggs in when they
emerge early each spring.
Also, the drought damage on
this year’s com crop has
dried up plants earlier than
usual, forcing the worms to
seek other hosts. Still
succulent beans and peppers
have thus drawn their un
welcome attention.
11l
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coimecnoii
The endangered crops
include more than 200,000
acres of soybeans - a major
crop worth more than $33
million in farm income;
about 14,000 acres of lima
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beans worth about
million; and green peppen
with an expected value oi
more than $2 million. The
threat to these crops could
continue until the first frost.
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