- Lancaster Farming, Saturday, Dec 13, 1975
24
‘Tuning’ the soil
ICsnttnuMl lro« Pit* 21|
the »oir» Total lU*c Kxchangc Capacity When thin value
Is known, the soil may be restored to Ideal balance for all
nutrient elements necessary for optimum yields and a
quality crop The firm's spokesman also noted that a soil
can yet worn out after years of cultivation, and main
taining high productivity requires rebuilding and
restoration practices
During a question and answer period following the
meeting, which took place at the Willow Valley
Restaurant, here, Boehlc and Campbell both commented
that similar points regarding proper balance of
ingredients can also be made for feed rations. They
stressed a firm belief that soil, plant and animal nutrition
are interrelated and there Is often Just a "fine line of
tolerance" between them "Working with it Is like tuning
a car," Campbell said.
The physical properties which have a pronounced effect
on productivity and fertility include the surface condition,
such as deep ruts and large clumps. Deep ruts severely
damage the soil's structure and bring about imbalances
within the delicate living system, Boehle explained. Large
clumps, especially those which are a common occurrence
on clay soils, make it difficult to work the soil properly,
and also bring about unbalances.
The hard pan, or "plow sole,” as has been mentioned
before, la a physical property of the soil which has much to
do with the movement of water within the soil. Research
at universities and at Brookside Farms has illustrated
that water moves through soil via capillary action. It will
not move through soil particles, but rather around them.
To insure good capillary movement of water, the soil
particles must be of uniform size, Boehle commented.
Another point made at the meeting, which was attended
by approximately 50 of Brookside Farms’ clients in
Lancaster County, was that Calcium levels have an effect
on how well water and roots penetrate the soil. According
to Boehle, Calcium allows for better root and water
penetration.
"How about ‘green manure' crops,” asked one of the
men in the audience, “what value do they have in building
up the soil?”
“Very little,” came Boeble’s reply. He explained that to
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build humus the soil's organisms need lignen, a con
stituent of plants which can only be found In mature
plants.
In another segment of the meeting, Bochle revealed that
the amounts of animal manure spread onto a field must
also be taken into consideration in assessing a field's
potential for growing crops. Likewise, the farmer must
consider what he takes off the field. Com silage, for
example, takes about 60 per cent more out of the soil than
“Working with nutritional programs
for the soil, plants, and animals is
like tuning an automobile.
Sometimes the lines of tolerance
are very fine. ”
does ear com. It therefore becomes more essential to
spread manure on fields where little or no crop residue
remains after harvest. The soil analyst emphasized that
com silage after com silage for a number of years will
■
EVERY $l.OO IN AUREOMYCIN
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RETURNS $l3 IN EXTRA EGGS
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This figures out to a return of $l3
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The program is easy to manage Just
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Trials show AUREOMYCIN also
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STEVENS FEED MILL, INC
Stevens, Pa
Phone 609/692-4400
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deplete soil organic matter rapidly, but such a cropping
program isn't harmful aa long as the soil is properly
managed.
Although the Ideas presented by Brookaide Farms
personnel arc relatively novel when compared to fanning
practices which have dominated this country’s
agricultural scene for decades, some of the practices
recommended by the firm may require some farmers to
take a step into the past.
The Idea of getting back to straw for bedding material is
one example. In recent years the trend has been towards
frcc-sUU bams, slats, rubber mats, and even carpeting.
Manure without straw concentrates salts (Potassium
and Phosphorus) and will hurt the fanner in the long run,
warned Campbell. Such over-concentration of phosphorus
and potassium can affect the entire soil system and lead to
an increase in soil, plant, and animal health problems, he
cautioned. ,
The soils consultant, (Campbell) appeared to have
struck a sensitive chord when he linked animal health
problems with soil conditions. A number of questions were
raised, all of them expressing concern over proper soil
management, especially as it relates to animal health.
According to Campbell, some significant problems have
begun to surface on European farms where some of our
new systems for handling and housing livestock were first
tried. He is convinced that many of the animal health
problems are due to excessive concentrations of animal
manure and the resulting imbalances in the soil, the plant,
and animal body. “Excess amounts are worse than
deficiencies,” the elderly veteran agronomist stated. Too
much manure on a field and poor animal health go hand
in-hand, he affirmed during informal questioning after the
program.
EVERY $l.OO IN AUREOMYCIN
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