—Lancaster Farming. Saturday, May 24, 1975 24 Apple Pie Wasn’t Just Dessert It Was Main Dish for Farmers Meat, not brood, won (he staff of life for colonial for mer* Frontier farmer* who didn't yet have much live- Rtock lived largely on deer, bear, turkey, grouno. pigeon, squirrel and other wild meat* Bear and opossum fat were rendered into lard which wo* stoned in deerskin bags, as Indians had done for cen turies Pork, though, was the most frequent meat on the pioneer table Hogs were produced relatively easily, since they were allowed to forage in the wilds for virtually all their food Salt pork was standard fare the year 'round Beef was a secondary meat Every farmer slaughtered his own animals, usually with the help of neigh bors After crops had been harvested, the fall seeding done, the winter's supply of firewood cut and piled, but chering was in order The farmers would gather on some chilly November day It was a festive day, not just MR. 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A 40- or 60-gallon kettle was hung over an outdoor fire to heat water for scalding the carcasses. Another kettle was used to prepare the lard The animals • mostly hogs but also oxen, old cows and sheep • were slaughtered in early morning so the meat would be hard and cold by the time it was picketed at nightfall Butchering was a very busy lime for the form wives The meat had to be pickled, smoked, dried, salted or potted so it would keep throughout the year. Pork was preserved in barrels of brine or in tubs packed with lard Hams, shoulders and sides were hung in the smoke house to cure There was sau sage to make, lard to be rendered out, tallow to save Hog meat was made into a tremendous variety of food products - salt pork, bacon, ham. souse, scrapple, head /feiah MILKERS y chwac, crackling*. apare riba, jowl*, pickled plg'a fact and many athera. A aupply of bwf, too. waa dried, corned or amoked, but the backbone of farm fare waa hog meal. The atondard cereal food of the pioneer* was corn meal. It waa consumed moinly as corn pone or hoecakc, but com meal mush and milk were staple foods. Wheat was a cash crop and rarely used to make bread for the farmer's table He used rye for bread because it was cheaper and equally as nourishing Although there were no nu trition experts in those days to tell the pioneers about vita mins. minerals and such, they well understood the need to eat quantities of fruits and vegetables thorughout the year Pioneer families picked huge quantities of wild fruits and berries in season. They were eaten fresh or preserved by drying and sometimes by packing in honey or sugar Sauerkraut was an impor tant source of vitamins for many farm families during the winter months It was made by packing cabbages in salt and changing the bnne from time to time as the cabbage fermented Sweet com, beans, pumpkins, squash and other vegetables were dried. Apple trees soon came to be grown on many farms, and this fruit was made into cider, dried apples and apple butter Apple pie came to be the almost universal dessert, but not all of it was the kind that made grandma famous Israel Acrehus, writing in 1759 about his fellow pioneers from Sweden, said, “Apple pie is used through the whole year and when fresh apples are not longer to be had, dried ones are used It is the evening meal of children House-pie in Slate Housing Officials Looking at Rural Areas The date intends to put more of its resources into rural housing, and will work with Federal agencies to get them to do the same, Community Affairs Secretory William H. Wilcox said last week. Wilcox said all of his Department’s housing staff, from both its central and regional offices, had at tended a rural housing workshop in Harrisburg to get the effort started. The workshop was run by the Housing Assistance Council, a non-profit group from Washington, D.C., in cooperation with the U.S. Farmers Home Ad ministration. “Pennsylvania has the largest rural population of any state in the nation," Wilcox said. "They have a right to more government attention, and more government funding. We intend to see that they get it.” Wilcox said his Depart ment already provides some grants to rural non-profit housing development groups, but will increase the share of its funds that goes to rural housing and offer more technical help. Other programs to im prove the quality of life in rural Pennsylvania are either underway or being planned, he said. For example, the Department is making country places, is made of apples neither peeled nor freed from their cores And the crust is not broken even if a wagon wheel goes over it ” grants to county govern ments from Project 500, the state’s recreation bond issue, to rehabilitate and develop parka and play areas in small rural com munities. The counties are Automobile Service Tips FREQUENT INSPECTION OF TIRE TREADS MILL HELP you SPOT TROUBLE LOOK FOR ERRATIC ~ WEAR PATTERNS PROMPT ADJUSTMENTS WILL INSURE LONGER TRE LIFE- ROTATE TIRES AT RECOMMENPEP INTERVALS TO PI&TRI&UW WEAR MORE EVENLY An 18th century English pugilist was so insensitive to pain that, for a small sum, he would allow anyone to strike him on the side of the face with all his force. LEAST COST PERFORMANCE WITH PURINA LIFE CYCLE TEMP-R-RATED LAYING CHOWS When you feed your layers Purina, you feed a ration that is adjusted to temperatures. .to get total performance from your birds. Purina Poultry Research knows how a hen’s nutrient needs change as temperature changes So, they’ve formulated fortified Temp-R-RatedLaying Chows . . built to meet bird nutrient needs to help hens produce at the top of their ability. These rations, made with high quality ingredients, are balanced for low, mild, warm and high in-house temperatures Feeding the right ration at the right time can help hens produce each dozen of eggs on a minimum of feed. Come in or call us . . for more information on Purina Temp-R- Rated Laying Chows for your birds Let us help you get more eggs during all seasons of the year with the right ration High Bros. PHONE: 354-0301 GORDONVILLE Stoddard Faim & Garden, Inc. PHONE 717-529-6212 UNION, PA Wenger’s Feed Mill Inc. McCracken’s Feed Mill, Inc. 2 NEW CHARLOTTE ST. MANHEIM PHONE 717 665-2186 Ira B. Landis John i. Hess, 11, Inc. PHONE 665-3248 BOX 276, MANHEIM RD3 West Willow Farmers Assn., Inc. matching the state grants with funds from the U.S. Comprehensive Em ployment and Training Act, which will be used to pay the people who work on the projects. Join B. Kurtz PHONE: 354-9251 R D 3, EPHRATA PHONE 367-1195 RHEEMS PHONE 442-4632 PARADISE PHONE 464-3431 WEST WILLOW
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