—Lancaster Farming, Saturday. Oct S. 1974
52
Life Cycle Study
Entomologists at The
Pennsylvania State
University have determined
the life cycle of the oak leaf
roller, an insect killing 43 per
cent of the oaks in nearly
900,000 acres surveyed in
Pennsylvania.
This biology of the oak leaf
roller was described Sep
tember 27 by Dr. Ralph O.
Mumma of Penn State at an
eastern branch meeting of
the Entomological Society of
America held in Hershey.
Dr. Mumma indicated that
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biological information must
be available before effective
programs to control the oak
leaf roller can begin. He said
the eggs start hatching in
late April and have com
pleted hatching by May 10.
The larvae then go through
five stages, reaching the
final larval stage by about
June IS. Then they pass
through the pupal stage with
adults emerging around July
3.
If spraying with pesticides
is to be done to control the
Gives Boost to Oak Leaf Roller Fight
oak leaf roller, then the
middle of May la the best
time to do it, Dr. Mumma
pointed out. On the other
hand, natural parasites such
as Qies take a heavy toll of
larvae, especially in the
latter larval stages during
early June.
In the pupal stage, a
certain parasitic wasp
emerged from 32 per cent of
the pupae examined in 1974
field studies. However, the
number of parasites can
vary year by year. In 1973,
the wasps emerged from
only 3.4 per cent of the pupae
studied.
Thus far, over 1 million
acres of oaks have been
defoliated, primarily in
northcentral Pennsylvania.
The oak leaf roller have
moved slowly westward, Dr.
Mumma said. Defoliation is
now centered in Clearfield,
Cameron, Elk, and Warren
counties.
Egg masses, laid on bark
of trees, were found to range
from 400 to 2,000 per tree.
The average female was
found capable of laying two
egg masses per year. Eggs
remain dormant from July
into the following April. As
yet there is no effective
Young Named
Farm Consultant
Richmond B. Young of
Meadville Rd., New Holland,
has been named farm
consultant for this area by
Agway Inc. He recently
completed a training course
at Agway headquarters in
Syracuse. He will work with
farmers in Adams, Berks,
Chester, Cumberland,
Franklin, Lancaster,
Lebanon and York counties
assisting them with financial
planning, accounting, tax
matters, estate planning and
other management prac
tices.
Agway is a farm supply
and food marketing
cooperative owned by 113,000
fanners in 12 northeastern
states. It operates stores,
livestock feed plants, fer
tilizer manufacturing plants,
petroleum plants, and other
facilities in nearly 1,000
communities in New
England, New York, Penn
sylvania, New Jersey,
Delaware and Maryland.
Born and raised on a farm
in Bradford County, Pa.,
Young has been associated
with Agway since 1952. For
several years he was a farm
Steaks
A thousand pounds of beef on
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Viewpoints
laws of your own making,
and live a free, and if you
will, a sober and industrious
people I shall not usurp the
right of any, or oppress his
person
William Penn
natural parasite attacking
the eggs.
Dr. Mumma quoted
Pennsylvania Department of
Environmental Resources
information describing the
oak leaf roller as “the worst
forest insect disaster in
Pennsylvania during this
century.” From 1970 to 1972,
of nearly 900,000 acres
sampled, 43 per cent of the
oaks were killed with a
lumber stumpage value of 57
million dollars.
Working with Dr. Mumma
and associates on Penn
State’s oak leaf roller project
is Dr. Lawrence B. Hendry
in chemistry. The two
scientists are investigating
the use of the female sex
attractant, pheromone. With
this product they hope to
confuse the males so they
can not find the females and
thus will not mate.
A graduate student from
State College, Andrew
Zettle, studied the life cycle
of the oak leaf roller over a
three year period in working
toward a doctor of
philosophy degree in en
tomology. The biological
studies are supported by
Agricultural Experiment
Station funds.
service man with Agway’s
Petroleum Division and later
joined the heating sales and
service staff.
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