—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, July 13. 1974
42
Plant, Animal Wastes
“R ecycled ” for Feed
Animal scientists at The Pennsylvania State University
have a new angle on the disposal of agricultural field and
processing wastes. They’ve found that beef and dairy cattle
can feed on many wastes once thought to be only a costly
disposal problem. And limited surveys indicate the consumer
is willing to buy meat from animals fed wastes, especially if
prices are lowered by increased supplies.
The animal scientists have studied this method of crop and
cannery refuse disposal for several years. They say the use
of all poultry litter, crop wastes, and horticultural
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This confidence in recycling research is well founded, they
add, since all wastes and carcasses of animals consuming
wastes are analyzed for contaminants. The levels of con
taminants - pesticides, heavy metals, and bacteria - have
been extremely low, too low to pose a problem for humans,
the Penn Staters point out.
A program sponsored jointly by the University and the
State Correctional Institution at Rockview has been par
ticularly successful. Pea and sweet corn wastes from the
institution’s cannery and field residues from agricultural
fields there have provided 70 per cent of the total winter feed
for a 200-cow, beef-dairy crossbred herd for the past nine
years.
Robert Williams, supervisor of correctional industries at
Rockview, is enthusiastic about the program. “We keep a
careful record of what is being fed at any particular time,”
he says. “The condition of the animals is checked regularly,
and the calves weighed each month so that we know on a
regular basis how they’re responding to the feeding program.
“It’s hard to put a dollar value on this sort of thing, but the
program is obviously a success for two very simple reasons:
We must feed the cattle something, and we must dispose of
the cannery wastes. If we can safely accomplish both ob
jectives on one program, so much the better. As it works
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byproducts could increase the number of beef calves
produced in Pennsylvania by 50 per cent or more.
Over 80,000 head of cattle - valued at more than $l6 million
- can be fed from weaning to slaughter age on the wastes
accumulated at factories processing potatoes, apples, peas,
sweet corn, tomatoes, and grapes.
Many growers and processors of horticultural, forest,
livestock, dairy, and poultry products are now faced with
investments in waste and pollution control equipment.
Recycling many of these wastes as livestock feed could
reduce the pollution potential and increase beef production at
the same time, say Dr. T. A. Long and D. L. L. Wilson of the
Agricultural Experiment Station at Penn State.
Consumer reaction to the use of such wastes has thus far
been favorable, Drs. Long and Wilson claim. They find that
apparently most people can accept the premise that recycled
wastes are not wastes, but simply nutrients.
New Holland, Pa,
TRY A
CLASSIFIED
AD
now, our herd supplies all the beef here at Rockview and
some eaten at other state correctional institutions.”
The main, and most promising, laboratory work is in the
area of various waste combinations. Laboratory-scale pilot
studies have shown that the blending of com grain and
certain alkalies and acids with waste silages can increase
nutritional value up to 25 per cent. Unfortunately, the use of
acids and alkalies is, as yet, not economically feasible. Such
silages are complete feeds; no others are needed. Silage
wastes include mixtures of cattle manures, com stalks, low
quality straws and hay,s tea leaves, sterilized poultry litter,
apple and tomato pomace, and several other horticultural
wastes.
Also on the research team, in addition to Dr. Long and Dr.
Wilson, is graduate assistant W. W. Saylor. They have
worked with private producers and scientists from other
northeastern universities to develop new waste feed com
binations. Partial support for the project has been provided
by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture.
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