Beef
(Continued from Page 22]
desirable. However, the
Limousin does not produce
as much milk as the Sim
mental or Maine-Anjou.
Fertility of all the new
breeds is supposed to be
quite high.
Maine-Anjou. The modern
Maine-Anjou animal is
similar to the Simmental and
is also a meat and milk
breed. Maine-Anjou has not
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Crossbre
been used in as many United
States experiments as have
the other breeds, although it
is included at Penn State.
From a growth standpoint,
preliminary Penn State
research indicates Maine-
Anjou are similar to
Charolais, Limousin and
Simmental in growth rate.
However, these data are
based on limited numbers.
Chianina. Chianina is
probably the largest breed in
AUTHORIZED
si(j Dutchman.
DISTRIBUTOR
eds Becoming More Important
the world, and has white hair records to indicate which changed any more rapidly in
with pigmented hides. It is bulls could be used with the any other livestock industry ...
claimed Chianina has a least chance of calving than they have in the beef American movies on the Lat
growth rate comparable to problems. • business. Most beef cattle Late show - biit now thcy’i
or better than the other new breeders today have a much showinß British movies from w:
breeds and Charolais. The Economics of New Breeds better idea of what a really back when in one movie Isa
calves are heavy at birth, profitable and usable animal la , st „ W
but are streamlined and is than they ever had before, pliycd by Henry thc N,tUh '
“barrel-shaped” with
relatively little calving
problem. The Chianina
breed, quite old, originating
in Italy, is the latest breed to
be used heavily. There is
essentially no carcass or
growth information
available on crossbred
Chianina cattle.
Penn State Research
At Penn State, we are
using Angus-Holstein
crossbred cows owned by the
State - Correctional In
stitution at Rockview. Seven
breeds of bulls - Angus,
Charolais, Chianina,
Limousin, Maine-Anjoy,
Polled Hereford and Sim
mental are being tested on
these cows. This cow herd
has had a good production
record mostly because of the
high milk producing ability.
As one example of the
performance obtained from
using Charolais and the new
breeds, steer calves this
year have averaged 1110
pounds at 408 days of age.
Carcass leanness has been
desirable and carcass
quality, measured by
several different methods,
has been acceptable in most
cases.
However, the beef
produced from the larger
breeds probably will not be
of the same type or quality
obtained from the
established breeds like
Angus and Herefords. But
the taste of the beef
consuming public is
changing and leaner beef
may be more acceptable to
the public in the future.
Beware of Calving
Problems
Before using any of the
new breeds of bulls, calving
information on the bulls
should be checked carefully.
Few bulls of the new breeds
should be used on first-calf
heifers. Each A.I.
organization has calving
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111
Prices paid for crossbred
heifers (beef or dairy) have
been quite high, averaging
from two to four times as
much as commercial
weaned heifers. Eventually,
these prices will level off and
there will be a bigger
separation between the new
breeds.
This is a good chance for a
dairyman with extra cows,
or one who does not need or
usually raise replacement
heifers, to produce heifers
with a good market value. It
is also a good opportunity for
commercial beef breeders
with modern-type cattle to
produce heifers of more
value at weaning. This
through artificial in
semination.
Crossbred Bulls
Available
There are several
breeders in the northeastern
states producing crossbred
bulls for use on commercial
beef cows. Although it is
usually not desirable to use
crossbred bulls, in certain
situations these bulls may be
useful to a commercial
breeder. A one-half or three
fourths Simmental bull bred
to some commercial cows
may increase the milk
production potential of
resulting heifers. However,
because of hybrid vigor, a
crossbred bull must have
better weaning and yearling
weights than a purebred bull
in order to be of equal
breeding value. And at
tention should be paid to the
dam of the brossbred bull.
Established Breeds
Improved
All of the established
breeds - Angus, Polled
Hereford, Hereford, Shor
thorn, etc. - have made
tremendous progress in the
past five to eight years. I
doubt very much that
breeders’ attitudes and type
of animal desired have
Lancaster Farming. Saturday. April 13,1974—2:
13