ief Source of Seri
Ch
Apparently healthy swine, that
are acting as carriers, are the
probable chief source of sudden
outbreaks of erysipelas, a serious
swine disease, according to the
U. S. Department of Agriculture
Parts Mgr.
Everyone’s raising prices and John's giving things
away. That’s Right. John says - Stop in anytime during
the month of Sept, and I will give you a $7.09 grease
gun with your $20.00 purchase of any of the following
genuine Ford Bullseye Special.
Oil filters to fit tractors 1953 and up.
Summer & winter motor oil
Batteries - (6000 Diesel - 2000-3000-4000-5000 Gas
or Diesel)
Tune up Kits - Tractors -1939 and up.
Luger Pistol Grip Grease Gun and Tube Kit
Ford Grease Gun Cartridges
Radio for all 12 volt tractors.
Mufflers to fit all 1953 to 1964 tractors.
Come on in today and look for the Bullseye Specials
on these selected Ford parts and take advantage of
Johns generosity. And while you are here meet all the
friendly folks at Lancaster Ford.
Is 2? per bu. too much!!
y~''"
(USDA)
Studies by USDA’s
Agricultural Research Service
(ARS) have shown that these
carrier swine are probably
responsible for previously
Something's
Wrong With
John -
LANCASTER FORD
TRACTOR, INC.
Where the Deal is Always Better
2166 Willow St. Pike
Lancaster, Pa.
Ph. 464-2746
ous Sw
ne
You can purchase a
high moisture corn
Harvestore for 2#
per bu. per month.
For further information contact —
Penn-Jersey Harvestore Systems Inc.
Phone (717) 354-5171
New Holland, Pa.
Disease Found
unexplained outbreaks. Carrier
animals were known to harbor
the causative agent,
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, but
their importance in
dissemination of infection was
not established.
The disease may be responsible
for inciting a chronic form of
arthritis, a cause of con
demnation of prime cuts, hams
and picnic shoulders, at
slaughter. In addition it also
causes death of some affected
animals.
A commonly held belief, not
supported by research evidence,
has been that the organism is
capable of long-term survival in
hoglot soil. Dr. Richard L. Wood,
veterinary medical officer of
ARS, initiated his studies by
checking on survival of the
organism in hoglot soil.
Dr. Wood isolated the organism
from 38 percent of samples from
lowa farms populated by hogs
with no recent history of swine
erysipelas as well as from 26
percent of samples where recent
outbreaks of the disease has been
confirmed.
Contrary to the commonly held
view, however, Dr. Wood’s
studies at the National Animal
Disease Laboratory, Ames, lowa,
showed no evidence of growth or
maintenance of populations of the
organism after they were added
to experimental soils. Survival
was affected more by tem
perature than by soil moisture
content, acidity or alkalinity, or
organic matter. Survival times
varied from 52 hours at 86
degrees to as long as 32 days at 32
degrees Fahrenheit.
If the organism is detected
frequently in hoglot soils, even in
the absence of acute cases of the
disease but survival in soil is
poor, Dr. Wood reasoned that the
disease must be perpetuated by
apparently healthy carrier
animals.
Dr. Wood returned to four
farms involved in his first study
farms where hogs had been
raised 15 years or longer without
an acute case of swine erysipelas.
He collected more than 600
samples of fresh feces from sows
and three to six month old pigs'
and analyzed the samples for E.
Lancaster Farming, Saturday, September 8,1973
rhusiopathiae. Sixteen samples
-2.63 percent of the total
contained isolates that produced
disease when injected in specific
pathogen-free pigs. The
organism was detected in
samples from all four farms,
from both sows and pigs, and in
samples of hoglot soil from each
farm.
If 2.63 percent of the fecal
Sex Attract ants Offering
Alternative to Pesticides
Natural and synthetic
pheromones (female sex at
tractants) offer promise as
alternatives to pesticides in
controlling the nation’s number
one apple pest, according to U. S.
Department of Agriculture
(USDA) scientists.
Codling moths in the larvae
stage are the all too familiar
“worm in the apple.” Each year
they cause West Coast fruit
growers over $6 million in crop
damage and control costs.
Spraying a field with myriad
tiny capsules containing codling
moth pheromone so confuses
male codling moths, that the
insect pests are unable to find
females, hence unable to mate.
First used to bait traps that
capture male codling moths and
reveal flight patterns and
abundance, pheromones proved
better than virgin females,
originally used as trap lures.
Unlike virgin females,
pheromones provide a con
centrated stimulus that is con
tinually reinforced.
Using a technique developed by
USDA researchers at Beltsville,
Md., entomologists Dr. Harold R.
Moffitt and Darrell L. Hathaway
of USDA’s Agricultural Research
Service (ARS), Yakima, Wash.,
synthesized the pheromone and
encapsulated it.
output of apparently healthy
swine contains the organism, Dr.
Wood estimates that about ll y 2
pounds of contaminated drop
pings could be produced daily by
a herd of 400 hogs. It is possible,
he believes, that this quantity of
contaminated feces applied to the
relatively confined areas of
hoglots is sufficient to perpetuate
the disease.
The researchers then sprayed a
one acre field, with the capsules
at the rate of three grams of
pheromone per acre and released
1,000 sterile moths (500 and 500
female) in the center of the field.
Four baited traps surrounded the
release area.
By counting the number of
males capable of responding to
the traps, Dr. Moffitt and Mr.
Hathaway determined the ef
fectiveness of the capsules. A
significant lack of response to the
traps indicated that being
surrounded by thousands of
“turned on females” so confuses
the male moths, that the
creatures are unable to act.
The next step in the study is to
spray the field again, and release
fertile insects, to study the effects
on mating and reproduction.
Taxes Run Higher
Than Food Costs
Taxes take almost twice as
big a chunk out of the con
sumer dollar as food does
In 1973 the average Amer
ican will have to work 2
hours and 39 minutes of
each 8-hour day just to pay
his taxes
But he’ll only have to
work 58 minutes to pay for
his food and beverages
17