Farm Waste Problem Grows
(Continued from Page 12)
additive. It also
volume of waste.
Composting of poultry wastes
has come m for most of the
research. The usual method is to
expose the wastes in a field and
periodically turn the compost
heaps.
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But researchers have also done
some composting in the poultry
house itself They’ve taken
chicken litter and inoculated it
with specially selected bacteria
which promote aerobic
decomposition. The process is
relatively inexpensive, odorless,
dustless, and fly-free
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R. D. 2, Manheim, Pa.
E. P. Spotts, Inc.
H. M. Stauffer & Sons,
other
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agricultural engineers have
developed a proto-type machine
that speeds up the composting of
two agricultural wastes—chicken
litter and sawdust—and yields a
soil additive that can be used on
lawns, greenhouse crops, and
even high-income field crops.
The composted chicken litter
saw-dust product looks very
much like leaf mold or rich forest
soil and it gives excellent results
in plant growth studies The
researchers report that tomato
plants, for example, showed an
increase in dry weight of 400 per
cent when grown m a soil mixture
containing 10 per cent chicken
manure-sawdust compost
Agricultural engineers have
also composted half-ton batches
of cow dung and straw bedding
They’ve ended up with a
relatively odorless material 30
per cent smaller in volume and 50
per cent lighter in weight. Fur
ther volume reduction can be
obtained by compaction and
further weight reduction by
drying.
Dehydration
A few very large feedlots have
begun dehydrating manure,
bagging it, and selling it to home
gardeners. However, large
amounts of manure have to be
handled to justify the investment
in machinery and relatively high
operating costs.
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Lancaster Farming, Saturday, November 6,1971
Dehydration is not too practical
for poultry manure because the
product reeks when wetted
Animal Feeds
According to some animal
nutritionists, processed animal
wastes may well be worth more
as a feed than as a fertilizer If
this is so, the long-discarded
farm practice of running hogs
behind cattle may eventually be
re-enacted with a modern twist
Here are some highlights of
experimental work being done on
recycling livestock and poultry
wastes as feeds
—ln Alabama one researcher
has gotten good feed efficiency
with a beef ration containing 40
per cent cattle manure, 48 per
cent whole shelled corn, and 12
per cent ground hay
The scientist merely scrapes
the manure off the feeding floor,
blends it with the hay and corn,
and ensiles it in a small bunker
silo According to him, fer
mentation destroys any
pathogens and degrades residues
of pesticides, antibacterials, and
growth promotants that might be
present in the manure.
—At the University of Illinois,
agricultural engineers cen
trifuged hog wastes from an
oxidation ditch. They report that
the wastes contain up to 75 per
cent crude protein (on a dry
weight basis) and have up to 10
JOHN Z. MARTIN
New Holland RDI
Phone 717-354-5848
times as much lysine as normal
corn
—Scientists at several in
stitutions are feeding dry or
ensiled poultry wastes to cattle,
sheep, hogs, or back to the birds
themselves One scientist doing
this type of research notes that
caged layer manure contains
anywhere from 30 to 45 per cent
protein about half of which is
true protein while the remainder
is uric acid
Hardin Says
Port Strikes
Hurting Farmers
A prolonged work stoppage at
East and Gulf Coast ports could
depress farm prices as much as
25 cents per bushel for soybeans
and 10 cents per bushel for corn
during the months of October
through December, Secretary of
Agriculture Clifford M Hardin
said recently.
“This means that soybean
growers could lose $125 million in
income, and corn growers could
lose as much as $l2O million,”
Secretary Hardin said “There
would be a further loss of income
for livestock farmers, fruit and
vegetable growers, tobacco
growers and other farmers ”
Farmers ordinarily market
about 500 million bushels of
soybeans and more than a billion
bushels of corn during October,
November and December, the
Secretary pointed out Or
dinarily, he said, export markets
would take about 80 million
bushels of soybeans and 105
million bushels of corn during
this period, and about 80 per cent
of these soybeans exports and 75
per cent of these corn exports
ordinarily move through East
and Gulf Coast ports that are now
closed
“Last year, during October and
November alone, the flow of
agricultural exports through this
same group of East and Gulf
Coast ports that are now closed
totalled about $7O million per
week,” Secretary Hardin said.
“While the strike continues, the
stoppage of this flow of crops
backs clear up to the farm gate.
This backup not only results in
depressed prices and loss of
income for farmers; it also
seriously disrupts established
export markets that are so vitally
important to our balance of trade
and our agricultural economy.”
The Secretary said that for
months bills to deal more ef
fectively with strikes in the
transportation industry have
been before the Congress - H.R.
3596 and S 560, The Emergency
Public Interest Protection Act.
“President Nixon supports
these bills,” he said. “In
testimony on September 28,
before the Sub-committee on
Labor of the Senate Committee
on Labor and Public Welfare, the
U S Department of Agriculture
strongly endorsed S 560. -
“The threat of grain prices
being further depressed,
resulting in further loss of farm
income, clearly shows the urgent
need for legislation of this kind.”
Raising Veal Calves
Is Topic at Ephrata
Robert Cody, Agway calf
specialist, will be guest speaker
at the Ephrata Young Farmers
educational meeting at 7 30 p m.
November 9 at the Ephrata High
School vo ag room
The talk on “Raising Veal
Calves” will be followed by a tour
of the Norman Leimnger
operation. Cody will discuss
housing, feeding, manure han
dling and ventilation systems.
13