12—Lancaster Farming, Saturday. March 22,1969
WASHINGTON REPORT
Congressman Edwin D. Eshleman MBEI
16th Dlitrlcf-Psnntylvanla nraMrffin
In nr column two weeks ago,
I bcian j discussion of the dee
toial refoim issue At th it lini«.,
the covciagc was limited to
some bickground infoimalion
and an analjsis of the dncct
election plan as one means foi
reusing the electoral college
system This column will be do
voted to a look at thiee moic
rcfoi m proposals and some con
clusions I have reached as a re
sult of my own research.
An electoral formula with
many proponents, including
President Nixon, is the propor
tional plan. It would abandon
the electoral college, but retain
the electoral vote. Electoral
votes would be apportioned on
a percentage basis among the
presidental candidates in each
state in accordance with the
number of popular votes receiv
ed statewide. For example, in
a state with 20 electoral votes,
a candidate getting 60% of the
popular vote would receive 12
of the 20 possible electoral
insS
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EAST PETERSBURG
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LANCASTER
Landis Bros, Inc
1305 Manheim Pike
Lancaster 393-3906
STRASBURG
C Robert Long
Rear 103 West Mam St
Lancaster 687-7281
INTERCOURSE
Noah N. Martin
Intercourse 7683531
NEW HOLLAND
A. C Plank Co
129 E Main
New Holland 354-8822
WILLOW STREET
Dombach Bi others
Lancastei 393-7658
P. W. STRICKLAND
(Distubutorj
31 S. Queen St., Yoik, Pa.
Phone 848-2819
tallies The candidate receiving
the most clcctoial votes
throughout the countiy would
become President piovided he
attained a ceitam minimal per
centage (usually 40%) esta
blished in the law.
Those who favor the piopor
tional plan claim that the popu
lar strength of the candidates
would be reflected more evenly
than under the piesent winner
take all system. But distribution
of electoral votes by percentage
would provide no assurance
that the popular will would al
ways prevail. In at least two
elections since 1860 such a plan
would have given the presiden
cy to a minority candidate who
was defeated under the elector
al college system.
Another reform proposal that
has ben advocated in a good bit
of my mail is the district plan.
Under this formula, a state
would be broken down into
electoral districts, following
congressional district lines. In
addition, each state would have
two electors at large. The elec
tors would meet and vote, but
would be bound to vote as their
districts had voted in the popu
lar tallies.
the people to select between
While the district plan is al- the frontrunners in a
so one that appears to have the secon< f election.
advantage of reflecting the Electoral reform is one of
popular vote more accurately those issues where conclusions
than the present system, it are difficult to draw and direc-
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would present somo new prob- tion is difficult to determine. I
loms. For instance, the small am one who has great faith in
states would achieve greater tllo n t)|iity 0 f the people to de
strength; whereas larger states ........ .
would tend to split their elector- cide bcst thc ,caders who arc
al votes among thc contenders to speak for them. But, since I
the state with thiee electoral believe that it is imperative that
votes would deliver a bloc of the system be reformed for the
voles to one candidate. In 1960 better as soon as possible, my
such a pattern would have legislative research has convinc
changed the outcome of thc me to take a loulc that off
presidcntial election. ers some dcsiiablc progress
plus a real chance of winning
appioval of 38 states.
This brings ns to the final
electoral icfoim plan, and the
one that I have offered as a
means of change, the non-elec
tor proposal To be sure, this
formula offers no radical re
vision, but it does appear to
have the advantage of preserv
ing Constitutional tradition, and
also, has the best chance of
ratification by 38 states.
The non-elector plan would
simply make the present system
work automatically. The office
of elector would be abolished,
leaving us without the possi
bility of some individuals vot
ing differently from what the
public intended.
I have proposed another
change that, hopefully, could be
included in any of the electoral
reforms that Congress chooses
to consider. A runoff election
procedure should replace the
opportunity the Congress now
has of deciding the outcome of
deadlocked presidential con
tests. In cases where deadlocks
occur, a Constitutional crisis
should be avoided by permitting
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The oldest Greek translation
of the Old Testament is called
the Scptuagint because it is
supposed to refer to an early
belief that the translation was
made in 72 days by 72 scholars.
Modern students of the Bible
question this belief.
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