12 —Lancaster Forming, Saturday, May 20.1967
No Vitamin A
Lack In Calves
Fed Corn Silage
Dan > calves grow normally
without developing vitamin A
deficiencies when fed corn sil
age along with high-concentrate
lations. icccnt Agricultural Re
search Service (ARS) tests
show
Although corn silage costs
less and is often more avail
able than alfalfa hay. other
studies indicated that steers
developed vitamin A deficien
cies when fed either all-concen
tiate lations or rations high
in com silage
To sec if such vitamin A de
ficiencies also occur in dairy
calves ARS animal nutrition
ist R W Miller fed corn sil
age in a typical high-concen
tiate calf lation to 12 Holstein
calves Millei also studied the
lole of mtiates in vitamin A
depletion
RESULTS
lesults showed that
com silage carotene (precursor
of vitamin A) was converted to
vitamin A as efficiently as al
lalfa caiotene Added nitrates
had no adverse effect on this
convei sion
The pumaiy indicator of vi
tannn A status in calves was a
change in the piessme of cere
biospinal fund because incieas
ed piessute is one of the fiist
signs ot vitamin A deficiency
Caiotene and vitamin A levels
in blood plasma which carues
both substances, and vitamin A
level in the livei which stoies
the vitamin, weie also used as
indicatoi s
As Millei fed more corn sil
age, caiotene and vitamin A
levels in blood plasma increas
ed, ceiebrospmal fluid pres
sures decreased, but the amount
of vitamin A in the liver stay
ed the same However, average
dailv gam was lower for the
two groups fed the lesser
amounts of corn silage
In the tests, the calves were
led whole milk, alfalfa hay and
all they would eat of a grain!
mix containing yellow corn
meal This diet piovided a nor
mal amount of caiotene
When the calves were 61
days old, the original grain ra
tion was replaced with one low
in caiotene and leconstituted
diy skim milk was substituted
for the whole milk The al
falfa hay was lemoved fiom
the calves’ ration when they
weie 91 days old, fuither low
eung their caiotene supply
FOUR GROUPS
When the calves ranged in
age fiom 91 to 155 days. Mil
ler divided them into four
gioups and began feeding each'
gioup a diffeient quantity of
coin silage The lower two
quantities of coin silage pio
vided caiotene in levels below
noimal requii ements for vita
MEAT EATERS
PREFER MEAT
Beef accounts foi well over
halt the recoid breaking 33 3
billion pounds of all meat—
beef, pork, veal and lamb—be
ing produced this year Pei
capita consumption of all meat,
at 172 6 pounds will he the
second-highest on lecord It is
not expected to exceed the
pievious recoid set in 1964
(174 5 pounds) because not as
much poik, veal and lamb are
being pioduced as was the case
in that yeai although pork
piocluction will be higher than
last year and will piovide
Americans tvith an average of
about 61 pounds in 1967, ,
- «- out acres' of
cultivated land in the U.S is
used for food crops— the bal
ance for tobacco, cotton, etc.
~ . , more rapidly in steers fed high
min A. If carotene in corn n j trate s iiage than in steers
silage is converted to vitamin i ow . n j^ ra^e silage. Nitrate
A , a ®, efficiently as carotene in levels in Col . n Sl i age vary with
alfalfa hay. the higher two weathe ,. conditions during plant
quantities of corn silage pro- gl . owth t j, e amo unt of nitrogen
vided enough carotene to pie- f e ,.jjjj zei . a pphed. and the age
vent vitamin A deficiency. of the planls at harvest.
Miller also fed potassium m- „ . , ,
trate at different levels to two Calves receiving added
dairy calves in each of the foui trate made normal growth for
groups As a control, he did their group The added nitrate
not feed additional nitrate to j iat j n 0 adveise effect on con
the thud calf in each group versio n of carotene to vita-
Other tests with steers had mm A
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