—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, September 11,1965
10
• Heat Tolerance
(Continued from Pago 1)
the shoulder, a large dew-lap,
and long cars all trade
marks of heat tolerance, it
wai thought.
The Indian cow, so the fal
lacy 'went, carries fat in her
hump instead of spreading it
all over her (body where it in
terferes 'with the cooling sys
tem. Her .dewlap and big ears,
according 'to the old story,
work nice a radiator. When
the (animal gets too hot, the
body causes Wood vessels in
the skin to dilate to get rid
of more heat.
‘Checking into the old be
liefs, dairy specialist K. E.
McDowell and other AiRS sci
entists found that the hump
of (Indian cattle contains no
more fat than other fleshy
tissues of the back. In fact,
bulls of English (breeds have
tissues similar to those that
form the hump of Indian cat
tle, but instead of standing
erect, the tissues are stretch
ed along the top of the neck.
The dewlap and ears turned
out to be poorly equipped as
a radiator, since there are far
fewer blood vessels in these
extra skin areas than in skin
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covering other portions of
the body.
To demonstrate the fallacy
of the “fat and radiator” the
ory even more clearly, ARS
researchers removed the hump
from Indian cattle by surgery,
cut away the extra skin folds
in the dewlap, and trimmed
the ears to the size for Jer
seys. The streamlining caused
no measurable lowering of
heat resistance.
Other widely held notions
examined by ARS ranged l
from dead Wrong (“English
breeds lack sweat glands") to
off base (“white hair coats
help beat the heat”). Actual
ly, all cattle (can sweat and
hair color makes little dif
ference. Skin color, however,
helps some but it is the
black coloring that’s prefer
able, because it avoids sun
burn.
The 'most heat-resistant cow,
it turns out, sweats profuse
ly and 'proficiently, carries a
short summer haircoat, and
has an oily skin. Indian cat
tle have a higher group-aver
age score than English breeds
on all these counts; but some
individual English animals
have the same effective de-
contact your
Miller Dealer
B. G. Mellinger
& Sons
Willow St., Pa. R#l
J*h. 397-6656
L. Clyde Smith
& Sons
194 Greenfield Road
Lancaster, Pa.
Ph. 392-5515
Heisey
Farm Supply
Lawn & Bellaire, Pa.
Ph. 665-3121
Levi Hertzog
125 E. Main St.
Leola, Pa.
Ph. 656-3126
1965 Crop Insurance
Protection Tops Holt
Billion Dollars
With the 1985 crop year
well under way, an estimated
$5BO million of farm crop pro
duction investments are pro
tected by Federal Crop Insur
ance, the U. S. Department
of Agriculture announced re
cently.
“This $5BO million of pro
tection is the highest in the
history of Federal Crop In
surance,” reported Manager
fenses against heat as the best
of the Indians.
In theory, all that remains
to be done to get heat-tolerant
lines is 'to interbreed animals
with the desired characteris
tics. >But present tests are far
too cumbersome to screen
large numbers of cattle for
traits that help them cope
with heat. ARIS scientists are
currently searching for prac
tical indicators on 'which a
breeder Can base his selection.
The time for top dressing ra&ure and hay fields is here,
feeding is close at hand.
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"Acreage and number of
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"As improved management,
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“Federal Crop -Insurance
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Some specialty crops—au-ch
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“This is a cooperative pro
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