—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, June 3, 1961
16
Cows Arrive In America
In 1611 To Start It All
THE VIKINGS, who are reported to have reached the
shores of North America long before Columbus sighted the
West Indies, carried cattle with them to provide their meat
and milk. However, dairying as a recognized part of the
American agricultural economy was first envisioned and
planned by the leaders of the Jamestown settlement.
Three ships, the Susan
Constant, the Godspeed and
the Discovery, one of 100
tons, one of 40 tons, and a,
pinnace of 20 tons, set out
from London, December 20,
1606, bound for Virginia
On May 13, 1607 the ships
put in at Jamestown island,
which attracted them , not
only for defense reasons but
also because they could tie
their ships to trees on the
shore.
Captain John Smith—he
whose fame has grown from
an encounter with the In
dian maid Pocohontas more
than from his more lasting
-exploits became president
of the new colony in Sept
ember, 1608.
Until 1611 the settlers
were dependent upon im
ports of meat preserved in
salt and what they could
hunt in Virginia, plus their
own limited cultivation of
wheat and other crops and
the corn which they got fr
om the Indians through tr
ade. The supply of such im
portant foods as butter and
cheese, which were included
in the ships’ provisions on
each trip, apparently, was
totally inadequate.
"Milke . . A Great Nourish-
ment And Refreshing*'
Lord Delaware, who left
the colony after one year
because of illness, wrote in
1611, in a report to the Vir
ginia Company:
“The Countrey (meaning
Virginia) is wonderful fer
tile and very rich and makes
good whatsoever heretofore
hath been reported of it, the
Cattell already there, are
much encreases, and thrive
exceedingly with the pasture
of that Countrey: the Kine
all this last winter, though
the ground was covered
most with Snow, and the sea
son sharpe, lived without
other feeding than the grass
they found, with which they
prosj ered well, and many of
them readie to fall with
Calve: Milke being a great
nourishment and refreshing
to our people, serving also
PORTABLE, direct-drive fans dry
fiay and grain to safe moisture
level in days—with or without
heat. Save the valuable leaves
on your hay crops; eliminate
losses in stored gram. 2 sizes.
Ask for specs and prices.
Ask for information mid
prices on hay conditioners,
crop drying fans and sup
plementary heat units.
BE SURE OF GOOD HAY,
TOBACCO and GRAIN
THIS YEAR!
L. H. Brubaker
350 Strasburq Pike - Lane.
LITITZ. R. D. 3
Ph. Lane. EX 7-5179
Strasburg OV 7-6002
Liiitz MA 6-7766
(in occasion) as well for
Phvsicke (by* which Dela
ware means medicine) as for
Food, so that it is no way
to be doubted, but when it
shall, please God that Sir
Thomas Dale, and Sir Tho
mas Gates, shall arrive in
Virginia with their extraor
dinary supply of one hun
dred Kine. . .”
While other observers dis
pute Delaware’s claim that
the cows did well in winter
months grazing on available
grass and without extra feed
it is nevertheless significant
that there was a growing
recognition of the need for
a native dairy industry in
Virginia if that colony were
to survive and p osper.
Dairying Gets Governor's
Support
Sir Thomas Dale took ov
er the command of Virginia
when Lord Delaware was
forced to leave because of
ill health, Dale, like John
Smith, believed the colony
must be self-sufficient in fo
od, He assigned a separate
garden to each man, as op
posed to the common garden
philosophy and thus he insti
tuted the first form, though
FOR HEAVIER PIGS
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Get some for your
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LIME VALLE r MILLS
H.D. 1. Willow Street
H. M. STAUFFER MOUN
& SON'S, Inc. FEED SERVICE
Witmer - Ronks - Leola H. D. 2, Columbia
SUNSHINE FARM MILLERSVILLE
SUPPLY SUPPLY CO.
Litiiz 8c Newmanstown Millersville
ROHRER'S MILL GRUBB SUPPLY CO.
H.D. 1, Ronks Elisabethtown
C. E. SAUDER & SONS HERSHEY BROS.
R.D. 1. East Earl Heinholds
J. K. STAUFFER & SON ROSS C. ULRICH, JR.
Lawn 8c Bellaira R.D. 2, Peach Bottom
modified, of private enter
prise in the colony. Dale de
signed and had built the
first barn for dairy cattle
and directed that hay be
gathered and stored for the
winter feeding. He also built
a .blockhouse on Jamestown
island to protect the cattle
from marauding Indians. He
issued orders to colonists
not to allow the livestock to
wander because both wolves
and Indians were responsib
le for large livestock losses
Dale wanted to encourage
families to come to Virginia
so he established a rule that
every man arriving with his
family would receive a hou
se of four rooms. In the vicin
ity of his house the immi
grant was to have 12 acres
of ground if he would ag
ree to raise wheat, maise
(Indian corn), roots and
herbs. Provisions to supply
the family for' 12 months
were also provided, but af
ter the first year the family
was expected to be able to
be self-reliant.
Cow Becomes A Symbol
To Settlers
Phillip Alexander Bruce,
author of the book Economic
History of Virginia in the
Seventeenth Century (pub
lished by The Macmillian
Company in 1895), states, in
discussing Dale’s program
for family settlement:
“Tools were also present
ed to him, and, for the more
comfortable subsistence of
his family, poultry, swine,
several goats and even a cow
were given to him,” indi
cating, apparently that cows
were in Virginia, as else
where in the world, consid-
TAIL CURLER
ered a very important form mnly stated in the tc4
of wealth. this regulation that its»
Cows To Civilise The Indians cipal object was to C iy
“It is an evidence of the and Christianiaze the j)
abundance of cattle in the gines The cow has peri
Colony at this time, that a ed both a conspicious a ,
cow was given to every In- useful part in the histoi
dian chief the members of the human race, but p
whose tribe had brought to ably never before or ,
the proper authorities heads has so high a compl a
of eight wolves. It was sole- (Turn to page 14)
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*****