Look at Corn Ears May Reveal Soil Weakness
The time corn growers spend
examining their crop may reveal
a lot of secrets that could be
worth many dollars in future
years, says Marshall Christy, Uni
versity of Missouri extension soils
specialist
Many factors must operate in
harmony to produce a good corn
crop, he points out, and some
cne factor may be limiting yields
and income. Correcting the limit
ing factor will likely mean more
profitable yields and a higher in
terest return on the money in
vested in corn production.
Ears can point out a great deal
about the fertility of soils and the
kind of nutrition plants were able
to get. The ears are the final
evidence of the kind of food sup
ply thep lants had throughout the
growing season. They reflect
whether the food supply was ade
quate or limited in some respect,
Christy notes.
Frequent observations through
out the growing season, including
tissue tests, as well as the final
yield and quality of the crop can
provide a great deal of useful in
formation about soil fertility
This information, along with soil
tests, is the most useful guide for
1959 soil treatments to correct
fertility conditions that act as a
barrier to better quality and
yields.
In any diagnosis, the soils spe
cialist suggests that corn growers
try to examine stalks, leaves, and
roots as well as ears Insect and
disease damage might be respon
sible for some of the appaient nu-
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tntion deficiencies.
And, severe limitations of one
nutrient may result m multiple
deficiency symptoms showing up.
For example, phosphorous or m
trogen deficiences may be caused
by a “poor” lime situation of the
soil.
So don’t jump at conclusions
too fast but rather look at all the
angles, he says.
A lack of nitrogen causes ears
to form that are small and sharp
ly pinched off on the Up as pol
linated kernels fail to fill. Filled
kernels have good luster and
polish.
Nitrogen is an essential nutri
ent all through the growing sea
son. However, it’s needed in far
greater amounts during the last
half of the growth period and is
especially useful when silking
end tasselmg starts
Limited nitrogen causes firms,
cb yellowing, starting at the leaf
tips and proceeding along the
midribs of the leaves First leaves
to show the deficiency symptom
are the oldest ones on the lower
part of the corn stalk
Phosphorous shortages inter
fere with pollination. Ears are
small and are often twisted with
part or entire rows of kernels
missing Rows of kernels are oft
en crooked and the Ups of ears
aren’t usually filled
Purphshed-tmted leaves and
stalks may be an indication of
phosphorous limitations m young
corn plants although some varie
ties have this color characteristic.
A small, weak, spindly stalk that
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produced a small twisted ear, or snim deficiency is indicated by
no ear at all, is the most typical corn leaves that lire and turn
symptom. Reddish leaves at or In own along the edges starting a 1
near matuuty isn’t a symptom of the tip.
phosphorous deficiency.
Potassium starvahon results in
chaffy-like nubbins with dull
colored kernels. Tips of ear don t
fill and kernels are loose on the
cob.
When split, the nodes of the
stalk arc often discolored and
dark brown when potassium isn’t
available m sufficient quantities
through the growth period Potas
Ten Points For Stock Winter Care
T 10 point program for “winter
i/'iig” livestock was recommend
e I to farmers today by the Am
erican Foundation for Aammal
Health
Highlights of the plan, design
ed 10 provide better winter health
and production are:
1 Check sanitation and ven
tilation facilities of hoga nd poul
try houses to guard against pneu
monia and other respiratory dis
eases
2 Exercise caution in allow
ing cattle into drouth-stricken
fields of corn Sudan grass or
cane, since poisonings may result.
3 Have ewes treated for m
ternal parasites before the fall
breeding season
4 Examine cattle on pasture
for lice, ring worm, warts and
lumpy jaw, and have affected ani
mals Heated before winter con-
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If most of the cars in a field
are exceedingly laige, yields
could likely be improved by using
a thicker planting rate. On the
ether hand, if most ears are too
small, it’s an indication of limit-
ed fertility, limited moisture, or
of a too thick stand, Christy
notes.
Remember, many factors are
involved during the growing sea-
fxnement.
5 Set up a woikable mastitis
program for dairy herds before
winter confinement season.
6 Isolate newly arrived feed
er cattle and feeder lambs for a
reasonable period betore allow
ing them to run with the home
herds and flocks
7 Have all fall pigs properly
vaccinated against hog cholera
and against erysipelas, in areas
where the disease has been a
pioblem. The veterinarian will
know when this should or should
not be done
8 Rid farm buildings of lats
and mice.
9 Continue or complete co
operative area control effoxts
against brucellosis
10 Avoid feeding hay, silage
or feed grains which have a high
mold content.
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Lancaster Farming, Friday,
November 7, 1958—11
son that lull afloct the Jicld an I
ouality of a corn crop, the Mi‘
souri extension worker continue')
A diagnosis of many of the nutr*
tional limitations can he ma 10
through observation, tissue lest ,
and soil tests
These are steps that can ho
taken to strengthen soil improve
ment programs The pay o‘f
comes ith more profitable opexv
t’ons and greater satisfaction to.
rood jields of high quality jec"
after year, Chnstj points out
Rov J. Greider Returned
To Farm Group Post
J Roy Greidcr, Mt Joy RD ■>,
was reelected president of Lan
caster County Farmers Assn re
cently as the local affiliate ox
the American Farm Bureau Fee
eration, held a reorganization
meeting.
Greicler will be seivmg h
second successive term, whi’e
Cljde Wivell, Columbia RD 1,
1958 vice president, was replaced
by Frank Aument, Holtwood RD
1, and Donald Ncv, Marietta RD
1, replaced A Milton Ranck, Ney
Pi evidence as secretary-treasure:.
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