Dr. Robert H. Dailies of Rutgers .iirei -*ty pl
bee trap used to control fireblight of apples and pears.
Bees Fight Firehlight by Carrying
Antibiotic on Legs During Pollination
To prevent orchard pollinating
bees from spreading fire-blight
to apple and pear blossoms, Dr.
Robert H. Dames, plant patholo
gist at Rutgers University has
come up with the novel idea of
making the bees carry the cure
instead of the disease.
-He powders them with a fire
blight-killing antibiotic, strepo
mycin, by means of a simple
wooden trap inserted at the bee
hive entrance. The bees can not
get in or out without walking
through the streptomycin, which
<Jings to their bodies ready to
kill or inactivate any fireblight
producing bacteria they might
pick up as they gather nectar.
Dr. Daines and his associate,
Use ,
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Dr. Michael Szkolnik of Cornell,
succeeded in reducing fireblight
infection of pear blossoms from
40 per cent to less than one per
cent in controlled greenhouse
tests.'
The bees did not do as well in
preventing the disease in apple
blossoms. The scientists attribute
this to the difference in flower
structure. The bee can land in
the shallow nectar cup of a pear
blossom feet first. The apple blos
som, however,, is not so accomo
dating.
Unlike- pear- blossoms,-tipple
blossoms have stamens that are
tightly clustered together around
a deep calyx cup, which makes
it'more difficult for the beeto get
rintd with-his streptomycin-cover-
thiS -y
Listless Cattle
May Be Suffering
From Listeriosis
Drooping ears and a listless
attitude in cattle and sheep at
this time of year should alert
livestock raisers that a disease
known as listeriosis may be pre
sent, according to a bulletin -by
the American Foundation for
Animal Health.
Listeriosis appears to be an in
creasing problem in some parts
of the country. The greatest dang
er season for losses from this
condition extends from Decem
ber through March, Foundation
officials say.
The'disease was first reported
in cattle and sheep less than 20
years ago. It is primarily a brain
inflammation, appearing first as
a fever, followed by indications
of stupor, circling movements,
dropping of an ear, paralysis of
the jaw and in some cases, in
flammation of the eye.
‘‘Listeriosis may be more com
mon than many livestock owners
now realize,” the Foundation
says. “Accurate diagnosis de
pends upon laboratory isolation
of the organism which causes the
disease.” ,
Veterinarians have reported
some success in combating list
eriosis if treatment can be start
ed early. In an outbreak, the
Foundation advises that affected
animals be isolated and the re
mainder of the herd scattered
over as large an area as possible.
ed legs.
The plant scientists are at
tempting to solve this problem by
nailing a cheese cloth net on the
upper section of the trap and fill
ing it with streptomycin dust.
Now the bees will not have to.
stomp through the stuff, they will,
have to take a streptomycin dust
ing all over.
The method is scheduled to be
tested in Merck & Co.,
which makes the antibiotic, will
provide technical assistance and
assay work as it has since the
project began. If it works' out as
well as it has in the greenhouse,
pear and apple growers may ex
pect considerable-saving over the
present method which calls for at
least three sprayings during the
growing season.
Several other bacteriocydes
were tried, but streptomycin was
found to be least harmful to pol
len.
Poultry
PHILADELPHIA Feb. 6
Processed -poultry, ready-to-cook
(ice packed) _ young chickens -
Unsettled. More than sufficient
supplies'Were offered. Most buy
ing was on a reduced volume to
meet a fair demand.
Prices paid delivered ware
houses, Philadelphia (cents per
lb.)
Grade A and U.S. Grade A, 2-3
lb. 34V2-36, mostly 34^-35.
HENS: Ready-to-cook (ice
packed) Barely steady. Demand
fair. Supplies were more than
adequate.
Prices paid delivered ware
house, Philadelphia (cents per
lb.)
Grade A and U.S. Grade A 4-
5% lb. 33-34.
Receipts Feb. 5 Included other
than turkeys: Maryland 87,000
lbs. Delaware 84,000 lbs. South
Carolina 22,000 lbs. North Caro
lina 22,000 lb. Virginia 18,000
lbs.
it’s the law...
“It’s the Law” with simple an
swers is offered in cooperation
with the Pennsylvania Bar Assn.
Q. The name I have used all
my life is not the' one oh my birth
certificate. Since I have no desire
to use my original name, how can
1 prevent any legal entangle
ments at death?—H. E. B,
A. To avoid any legal entangle
ments it is possible for you to
petition the court to have your
name changed to the name you
are now using. It is suggested,
however, that you contact an at
torney to determine if this would
be feasible in your particular
case.
Lancaster Farming, Friday, Feb. 8, 1957—3
Fifty Counties in State Certified
As Brucellosis-free Henning Says
HARRISBURG State Agri
culture Secretary William L. Hen
ning has annnounced that the
50th Pennsylvnia county has been
certified as brucellosis-free.
Only 17 counties need to meet
standards for listing on the state’s
honor roll in the 20-year fight
against the most bothersome dis
ease of cattle on Pennsylvania
farms, commonly known as
Bang’s disease.
Adams; Mifflin and Northumb
erland Counties are the latest to
be certified by the Federal and
State Departments of Agriculture
as brucellosis-free, Northumber
land bringing the total to fifty.
Sec. Henning said that 20 coun
ties reached brucellosis-free certi
fication status during the past
two years, 16 of them in 1956. He
anticipates that the entire state
will be certified within the next
12 months. Crawford, Susquehan
na and Potter Counties are m lino
for early certification, he added.
Dr. H. A. Milo, director of the
State Bureau of Animal Indus
try, today reported to Secretary
Henning that initial testing of all
cattle herds in Mifflin County was
completed in 1946. At that time
23.4 per cent of the herds and 6.3
per cent of all cattle had the dis
ease. Certification requirements
are that no more than five per
cent of herds and one per cent
Baby Chick
Bargains
1200 Started White Leghorn
Pullets 310
1000 White Cornish Cross
120
Reich Poultry Farm
R 1 MARIETTA Ph. HA 6-7123
of cattle may be infected. The
latest test completed Dec. 28,
shows only .72 of one per cent of
833 herds and less than .05 of one
per cent of the 14,211 cattle in
fected.
In Adams County the first com
plete test in 1954 showed 9 6 per
cent of herds and two per cent of
all cattle infected. In tests com
pleted Dec. 21 the incidence of
Bang’s disease was down to 2.3
per cent of 1,330 herds and .3 of
one per cent of 19,229 cattle in
fected.
Northumberland County’s first
complete test in 1952 showed 9.3
per cent of herds and 2.9 per cent
of cattle infected. The latest test
was completed early in January
and showed only 2 5 per cent of
1,110 herds and .44 of one per
cent of 9,875 cattle infected.
Beef Cattle Herdsmen
Short Course Offered
Information on feeding, dis
eases, breeding, management, and
handling of beef cattle will ba
presented at a Beef Cattle Herds
men short couise, March 5 to 7,
at Pennsylvania State University.
LOANS
For any farm purpose
Made the farmer’s
way
LANCASTER
PRODUCTION
CREDIT ASS’N.
36 E. Chestnut St.
Lancaster, Pa.
Ph. Lane. EX 3-3921