.1
—Lancaster Farming, Friday, April 13, 1956
10
Greater Efficiency, Cooler Shade
In Summer. Likely with Shelters
WASHINGTON (USDA)
tjjj .will pay farmers to build
livestock shelters with an eye
toulQWnSpst construction, better
operating efficiency, and
especially in the South keep
ing 'animals cooler in summer,
says a research engineer of the
U S. Department of Agriculture.
Harry L Garver, farm-build
ings specialist 'of USDA’s Agri
cultural Research Service, ad
vises farmers to think of new
'livestock shelters and other serv
ice structures as tools de
signed to do the job on hand,
flexible enough to be easily
adapted to changes in farm op
erations, and low enough in cost
to be torn down and replaced
by more suitable buildings, if
that becomes desirable.
Slave to Four-Tined Fork
' “Some old stone barns,” he
points out, “may be beautiful
monuments to the past, but too
often they wall in the farmer
with out-moded methods, making
him a slave to the four-tmed
fork and to many arduous and
unloved chores.”
Besides providing greater ef
ficiency at low cost, livestock
shelter of the future will be
designed especially to help ani
mals maintain high productivity
during hot weather, Garver be
lieves; Citing research that
shows the value of cool shelters,
he sees a trend in farm-build
ing design toward insuring opti
mum summer comfort, with less
emphasis on keeping- mature
animals warm in winter. Very
young livestock and poultry
PLUMBING HEATING
QUIET* MAY
OIL BURNER
Complete line of plumbing,
‘water pumps and sheet metal
work.
RALPH J. FISHER
Cochranville, Pa.
Phone West Grove 5637
FURNACE OIL
By uiing TEXACO FURNACE OIL you can always
Count On A Warm Home
CALL US FOR QUICK SERVICE
j MOUNT JOY PHONE 3-9331
Garber Oil Company'
PENNA.
FARMERS!
GROW A CASH CROP OF
SWEET CORN
For Double Crop Consider Sweet Corn
GUARANTEED PRICE
Mechanical Harvesting & Hauling Available
COPE BROS.
John F. Cope, Prop.
Ph. Landisville 6721 Manheim, RDI
Field Representative
Ph. Landisville 2111
must continue to have proper
protection agamt cold.
Garver points out that dairy
cows can stand fairly cold
weather but are quick to react
to heat. Milk flow in Jerseys
declines little until temperatures
gdt down to about 25 degrees F.
Most well-fed Holsteins produce
well at temperatures as low as
5 degrees F ‘But feed consump
tion and milk production begin
dropping off rapidly in - Hol r
stems above 75 degrees and in
Jerseys above 80 degrees. At 105
degrees F, eating and milk flow
virtually stop in both breeds.
Cuts Beef Cattle Gain
Hot weather also cuts down on
gaining rates in beef calves,
Garver points out. Experiments
by the -Missouri Agricultural
Experiment Station show that
Shorthorn calves particularly,
and Santa ‘Gertrudis calves to a
lesser degree, gained more when 1
kept for a year in a 50-degree
constant - temperature chamber
than they did. in an open shelter.
Calves maintained the year
’round at a temperature of 80
New'Holiand Machine
Public Relations Cited
For the third consecutive year,
the New Holland Machine Co
has been cited nationally for its
public relations program by the
American Public Relations As
sociation.
Alex Corson, press relations
manager, received the award at
a dinner in Hotel Statler, Wash
ington, from James L. Mc-
Withey, chairman of the awards
committee.
Based on service given com
munity projects, the New- Hol
land award cited the Community
Chest, Pennsylvania Economy
League, Americans for the Com
petitive Enterprise System, Lan
caster’ Symphony Orchestra, and
the Lancaster Airport Authority.
After Peas or Hay
John L. Bare
Lancaster, RD3
Two Injured in (HP
Auto-Buggy Clash
Two children of Titus Zim
merman, R 2 Ephrata,' were in
jured when a car crashed into
the buggy they were driving on
Route-222 south of Akron Satur
day night. The buggy was de
molished, and Aaron Zimmer
man, -19, was hospitalized. His
sister, Annie, 19, was treated at
the scene and returned home.
It was reported the couple
stopped at a stop-sign and
started to turn into the highwaj
when struck by a car driven by
Paul Z. Musser, R 1 Ephrata.
degrees 'F. gained less than
those in open shelter
Research indicates that even
simple steps taken to keep, cattle
cooler in hot climates will pay
dividends Best shelter against
summer heat, Garver says, is a
shaded corral fenced by wire,
especially if surrounded by
green vegetation ' One of the
most effective shade materials
is hay spread on a slatted
canopy about 12 feet high. High
board fences and broad surfaces
of buildings near corrals should
be avoided, since they reflect
a in d re-radiate substantial
amounts of heat to cattle, even
when they are standing under
shade.
Shelters built so they can be
opened to the cooler northern
sky in summer and to avail
able sun on south side, in
winter can be economical and
effective in the South. Garver
suggests a pole structure, with
straw spread on the roof and
bales of hay or straw forming
the three closed sides, as one
way to provide excellent shelter
at low cost in mild climates.
Hogs Prefer 60 Degrees
Uni v e r sity of California
studies show that pigs weighing
100 pounds gain an additional
100 pounds on less feed when
they are kept at about 70 de
grees F than at-other tempera
tures Hogs weighing around 200
pounds use feed most efficiently
at 60 degrees F. The amount of
feed saved at these optimum
temperatures, Garver says, is
enough to pay for good pig
housing in a fairly short time.
Research at USDA’s Agricul
tural Research Center, Belts
ville, Md., has' demonstrated <
that egg production is highest'
from hens at about 55 degrees
F. and 70 per cent relative
humidity, but temperatures any
where between 40 dgerees and
70 degiees F are generally satis
factory. Below or above those
limits, egg-laying declines. At
95 degrees, F-, birds show de
cided distress and egg produc
tion practically ceases.
With research results such as
these available, Garver says,
farm-building designers are
likely to make livestock shelters
for summer use more open tlmn
in the past, especially for the
South, and will undoubtedly give
more attention to provision of
cool shade for animals in hot
weather. Increased use of fans
and evaporative surface cooling,
and possibly some use of re
frigeration-type equipment, are
likely in future livestock build
ings.
Beef Cattle Gains
In tests by the California ex
periment station, beef cattle in
a corral equipped with fan
gamed a pound more day
than cattle kept under similar
conditions without fanning dur
ing 3 summer months £in 1955.
when daytime temperatures of
ten climbed above 10^-degrees
F. Cooling the dnnkißj* water
for these animals froi|C around
90 degrees, the sumnrar temp
erature of irrigation water in
the area, to 65 also
proved beneficial jte
Design emphasis onff'qw'-cogt
construction, on more 'efficient
operations including increas
ed use of power equipment
and on flexibility is already
showing up in new livestock
shelters. Modern buildings for
loose-housing of dairy cows- are
good examples of the trend to
ward openness, low cost, and
flexibility.
Loose housing readily permits
changes in dairy herd size, or a
WEEKLY .CROSSWORD PUZZLE
Insect
HORIZONTAL S 3 Employ
8 Its larvae hideg p]ace
12 Recent VERTICAL
13 Unemployed i Wreath
14 Scent 2 Nullify
3 Number
16^ dmg 4 Fruit
5 Image
19 District , 6 Spanish jug
attorney (ab.) o mhus
20 Connected « '
f Not (Prefix)
m 11PIays
25 Worthless
C e g
■ (Bib.)
21 Flesh food
28 Playing cardi
29 Trinity term
(ab.) '
30 Copper coin
I (ab.)
31 Illinium
f (symbol)
1 32 Colloquial
j greeting
,33 Preserve
j 35 Disputed
1 38 Passage in t
I brain
139 Opposed
('4O Artificial
| language
41 Comforts
47 Preposition
48 Abstract beii
| SO Phase
SI Tooth os «
wheel
■52 Bites t
54 Queen of
Carthage.
shift from dairy farming to beef
cattle with no changes except
remodeling the milking room
for storage or other use. Port
able hog houses and farrowing
crates can be moved into loose
housing sheds when required by
cold weather With a few port
able pens and fences, the sheds
can be easily adapted for lamb
ing, and they also make excel
lent shelters for outdoor chick
brooders. On the other hand, if
the owner sees more profit in
fruits and vegetables than in
livestock, he can readily convert
his loose-housing into packing
sheds.
Survey finds consumers most
optimistic since 1949.
NEW AND USED
* FARMALL TRACTORS
it BALERS
it TRACTOR SPREADERS
FARM MACHINERY OF ALL KINDS
D, L. Diem & Sons
LITITZ Ph. 6-2131
J J III ' - 1 ,
FOR REAL QUALITY...
ST/C/C 70 JfO///V
———————i in i ii
Quality manmfactaring is the by
word of every John Deere factopr.
Beginning with incoming ship
menu of only the highest-trade
materials, each manufactured part
... every finished implement is in
tpectcd thoroughly by skilled
LANDIS BROS.
Latest Improved Farming Equipment
1305 Manheim Pike Phono 3-3906
P. O. Box 484 Lancaster, Pennsylvania
•• Here's the Answer
21 Greek coins
24 Inherent
26 Movement
33 Shrill whistles
34 Unaccented
36Indolent
37 Colored
slightly
PETERBOROUGH, N. H.
George T. Pack, Wrightsville,
Pa., is the owner of two regis
tered Guernseys that have re
cently completed official pro
duction records in the Advanced
Registry division of the Ameri
can Guernsey Cattle Club.
Inmsfree Cherub’s Eloise, a
five year-old, produced 15,265
lbs of milk and 730 lbs.of fat
in 365 days. She was xmlked
three times daily.'This produc
tion represents approximately
7200 quarts of high-quality milk.
Lauxmont Maxim Pique, a
senior four year-old, produced
12,498 lbs of milk and 676 lbs
of fat in 365 days. She was
milked three times daily. This
production represents approxi
mately 5800 quarts of high
quality milk-
•sss| PfßSfr
workmen to assure Its meeting e»
act John Deere quality standards.
That’s why farmers everywhere
are loud in their praise for the de
pendability . . . the quality con
structioA of John Deere farm
Equipment. See us for information.
nr
>■
43 Burden
44 Tart
45 Grant
48 Famous
English schoa
49 Health resort
51 Young bear
53 Older (ab.)
Vr"