,'ulrrwan
JohnSWeir 16ju1y66
New Series, Vol. 'V, No. 5.
$3 00 By Mail. $3 50 By Carrier.
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anitritall
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THURSDAY, JANUARY 30, 1868
THE LATE DIL . WAYLAND. I.
The biography ; of Francis Wayland, the great
est ornament of the American Baptist Church,,
has recently been given to the public. It is wor•
thy of the especial study of the friends of edu
cation, of misSions, and of a high standard' of
spirituality in the ministry and among
,Christians
generally. It is an example full of power to,
every one struggling with difhettities, beginning'
life at a disadvantage, or tempted in anyway to
idleness or waste of time. It is • the life of a
genuine man—a man of. Spartan simplicity and of
more than Spartan integrity :of.a true Chriatiati,
and an Apostolic minister of the, Gospel; of a bold
and independent thinker, whose thoughts moved
instinctively in practical directions, prompting him
with a powerful impulse to embody them—in , act
and unfolding in him a capacity for work; which,
in his prime, was almost miraculous., •
Dr. Wayland was born in New York city,
March 12th, 1796, of Baptist and Engliih tunes;
try. His domestic training was of the Puritanic
sort, to which many.of the best men now passing
from the stage of life, owed the foUndation
their greatness and influence. At the boys'
school in New York city which he attended, no
distinction of color was observed, a fact which
doubtless had its influence in keeping him free
from prejudice on the subject. But his very
nature seemed ingrained with the sentiment
. of
justice and the love of truth. Among his school
fellows and in the family, he was recognized as
an authority in morals, and a champion who
would not scruple to use physical force, if neces
sary, in vindication of the opppressed.
At fifteen, he entered the thira term of the
Sophomore class of Union College, then in the
seventh year of Dr. Notes long Presidency,: and
having but two professors besides the Preaident.•
Judging himself as was his wont by the severe.. ,
; stannauda v£ tenth; lie speaks of his attainments
ns a college student but slightingly. It is certain
i'that he made a good record, as he was afterwards
chosen tutor. But it was only after graduation
that his mental awakening occurred, and only
during his tutorship that the formatiie influence
of Dr. Nott upon his character was felt. Mean
while, lie applied himself vigorously to the study.
of medicine, obtained his diploma and commen
ced practice in Troy. Here, the Spirit of God .
met him, singling him out in the midst of pre
vailing apathy, and filled him with deep b,at scarce
ly poignant anxiety for his soul. For successive
days, lie shut hintsilf in his closet, deliberately
seeking the experience in-- which he sup
posed a change of heart consisted. , Nothing sur
prising befel him.. 'Without .knowing .exactly
when or how, a comforting light gradually dawned
upon him. For a long time, he refused to believe
himself a changed person. He took pleasure in
divine things, loved the doctrines' of the 'Gospel
and the society of Christians, but, like many
others, he wanted a clear and convincing experi
ence ; ho would be the subject of 'a striking eon:
version. He had to learn to be content with
whatever way God chose to show his grace in
him. And it remains a remarkable and an in
structive fact, that this truly Apostolic man, this
shining example of the very noblest of - Christian
virtues, had no salient points inhis religious his
tory. Long afterwards he wrote : " The pre
cisc when a moral change took plat.e
in icy character I cannot determine;" On
the Sabbath before he died 'he said to' a
i'riend at his bed-side : "I have never enjoy
e,l the raptures of faith vouchsafed to many
Christiaus." But there was no room for doubt
that a new principle had obtained control of .the
His destiny was changed. Without ,a
struggle or a pang of self-denial, he abandoned
the profession on which he had entered and in
which he had - every encouragement, and chose,
the ministry of regeneration. The worldly cir
eunistances of his family had become 'straitened:
:and Wayland, in carrying out his new plans
Must largely depend .upon other resources than
t hey could furnish. He went to Andover. It
`Was a year of struggles with outward poverty,
`where, like Erasmus, ho chose to go without suit
able clothing, in order to buy the needed
books; but it was a year of great progress and of
marked influence 'in the development of his
character. Here first, under the inspiring influ
ence of Moses Stuart, he seemed to himself to have
really studied; and the impression:made upon
him by that enthusiast in Biblical investigation,
and that leader in the application of sound gram
matical principles to Biblical exegesis, not only
was never effaced, but probably, was never absent
from his own most characteristic experiences and
labors as an investigator and an instructor of
the young. It was probably here, too„ that such
influences wrought upon him, as to promote the
growth of that catholicity of temper .so conspi
cuous in'all his after life. He was a Baptist, in
deed, but he was no bigot. And these two
volatmes deicribing one of the busieit lives ever
lived, furnish but two incidental allusions to
the peculiar denominational vieWs 'of their sub
ject,. A man of such., intense practical .bent
would have given expression, in some .unmistak
able outward shape, to the' spirit: of denomina
tional exclusivism, , if•he had possessed it.
During the tutorship at Union' he .by no means
last sight of the ministry risiltis chosen' profession.
Nott was his instructor in-sermonizingL
than whom there could' be no better-4nd an event
occurred which brought him under the influence
`of the revival preacher, Nettleton. While .he
had under consideration the quest* of prolong
ing his stay at Union, friends, wholvere aware of
,his limited pecuniary resources, had' interested.
Howard Malcolm—a well known name in the Bap-.
tist Church—in his case, vheMade ample offers of
assistance in completing his Seminary course.
The letter announcing these kind 'offers was mis
sent in the mails, and before it reached its destin
ation, young Wayland had obligated himself to
remain in Union College. Of this event-he said,
"My destiny has been- materially affected by the
blunder of a post-master." The visit soon after
(1820) made by Mr. Nettletnn to Schenectady,
the' great revival 'Which followed, the opportunity
given 'for direct'personal effort with sinners, of
which Dr. Wayland freely availed himself, had a
most powerful and permanent effect in shaping his
character. Late in life, he speaks of Dr. Nettle
ton as the most effective .preacher he had ever.
known. A new era in his, spiritual life begins
from this intercourse with the revival preacher, for
which Providence seemed so singularly to open
the way. And' thus the circle of formative influ
ences upon Dr. Wayland's character wascdmpleted.
• om--Mirses _Stitt& frogu Dr o • •
from Dr. Nettleton,—all natures congenial to his .
own,—etniO•the tialtiing; which; unfit .
Dr. Wayland the man that he was. The first
communicated his enthusiasm for' the truth .and
his rigorous analysis; the second developed the
executive and educational abilities of his pupil;
the third kindled his spiritual life to that inten
sity that it never seemed to know coldness in all
his career. Thus a rare combination of intel
lectual;.practical and spiritual influences' fitted
him for the high intellectual, practical, 'and
spiritual functions he Was to perform.
FENIANISM
• We need not do more than call attention to the
able and instructive article on this subject on the
next page, from the pen of our well-known, cor
respondent 13. B. H. While our readers may
require enlightenment in, regard to the full ex
tent• and significance. of this movement, we are
sure they require none'as to its spirit. They
know that it is, at best, an'unjustifiable rebellion
against a government which, whatever its de
fects, is among the very best in Christendorn.
They know that its success is so remote frotn
possibility,-as to brand its-leaders as mere des
peradoes. They know, that its result; if success
ful, would not be an enlargement of porsonal li
berty or the establishment of a wise end 'noble
national poliey, , but a more -abject submission to
a hierarchy and a religious policy most bitterly
and obstinately hostile to freedom. And the
deep disgust and abhorrence which they feel at
the indiscriminwe slauvhter, the secret assassi
nations, the cowardly and sinister plOts, which
seem to be the favorite instruments,of the con
spirators, are only equaled •by the shame with
which they view the fawning and cringing of
American politicians of all classes towards the
authors of these atrocities. We have rarely felt
ourselves so humiliated as on the day that our
city fathers voted.to join the demonstration in
honor of three fairly condemned and executed'
felons. • It was an act which seemed' . to say to
every policeman intim city: Whenever you are
muderowly assailed by ruffians in the diScharge of
your duty, our sympathy is withthe assailants,
not with you nor your families, nor with those
peaceable citiiens and just laws which your are
upholding at the risk of your lives.
England has indeed,grievously offended us ex
actly in the same litie in which Fenian sympa
thizers are new offending her. But our readers
are Christians,,and they know better than to
plead another's sins-as a 'justification of their own.
•OITR COMPLAINT in regard to the issue of
Prof. Hedge's late work on the Atonement is
misinterpreted by the Christian Instructor and
the United Presbyterian, following, as we suppose,
the guidance of the Presbyterian of this city.
PHILADELPHIA, THUR,SDAY,, JANUARY 30, 1868.
With all long suffering and patidnee,.we repeat
that our complaint was net of .tl4 book in itself,
but as; issued at this stage o negotiations for re
union,: by the Board of Publication...of the Old
School Church.. The intelligent and candid+ cow
ductorkorat least ode . Old School. organ—The
Pre'sbyter—vieW the' matter in
,precisely the same
light with ourselves. In their issue, of .last; week
they say of the, bnelf,,:
Mr. Barnes is referred toelitlines and - Dr. Beman
twice; once each in .terms :declaring ,that; their
".view of the nature of, the All,m,rnert "a de
parture from the true faith. ,Thiess to be regrted,
not s? much for the'reason negptiatiOns for re
union are pending between'thd'Old did New School
Churches, ita because Drift:o4o3 brobitiS issued by
the Board of Publication otrlcair "Chureh:' New
books isstied•by !the Boards ofkithe ., two C.h urch es .at
such a time as this, contrsavekltifig‘ the positions of
each other's books ; and:,44 o , J ing,k e_
ee us.of ;he .
names of the- authors, is adaried to.complicate the
construction 'Of a 'Catalogue for tlr;e United Chuieli.
[Reported for our %damns.]
LINCOLN UNIVERSITY-INAUGURATION OF
PROFESSOR'S:
Tuesday of last week was another interesting .day
at Lincoln University, made so!by!tbe
: assembling of
an apprciative audience to Estee to the inaugural ad
dresses of the recently. chosen Theological Professors,
Ildv. E. R. Bower, of Systematic Theology; and Rev.
Dr, E. E. `Adams, of Sacred Rhetciric. The 'services
were under'the direetion of Pev. l l. 'MI Dickey, D.D.,
President of the Board of Trustees at whose request
Samuel H. Perkins, Esq., 'of tide; city, 'led' n the
opening devotional exercises. he address of'Prof.
Bower was one of special ability?; having for its main
thought:the supremacy of - the Holy :Scriptures- as
the teacher of man ;respecting od., and His truth.
The revelations of 'nature anet e" revealed Word are
coincident it is true, but they - are - not do-ordinate.
The Bible alone is autheritativte.' W - e may wander
a; whisle life-time among the vtoriddrs of Creation;
terrettrial. and celestial; but all we would thus learn
of theology would be as nothing to the instructions
of one hour at the feet of Jesus, It follows, 1. that
theology, thus founded upon Diyine.Revelation, be-,
•
comes a, science of , positive tyntby and.authoritative
for belief. We ao not theorite; we know the things
•t. '-` - _P---flsor, ill theolo* of the Bible must
be held to include the urica.i.lara*Ogelif Cud . i ~
salVation. ' We are not tosaywhiri , I§ to be accepted,
and what rejected. It includes more than the gene
ral facts which distinguish Christianity from Judaism
and other religious systems. All parts of the doc
trine of human redemption make one true syet6m,
. ,
just as there is but one system of astronomy or
mathematics. Romanism and Protestantism cannot
both be true; neither can Augustinianism and
Pelagianism. 2. Theological science, thus founded,
is the interpreter of all other sciences. God is the
author of all. Nature is unintelligible without God.
"In thy light shall we see light." 3. All other
sciences find their highest end and chief value in'
contributing ,to this science. Other sciences, ss such,'
have great services to render to humanity', but' they
have all this higher end, to enable us to know more
of Jesus. lii the expanding of the points
. there was
a healthy 'Calvinistic tode, and it was felt by the au-,
dience that the department had fallen into .' - iible'
hands. The : address closed with a happy allusion to
the , Upiversity as founded upon the • principles of a
biblical theology, carrying out the right of a hitherto
proscribed race, in their character as men, to a gene
ral intellectual Culture, and then to lay it all at the
feet Of the highest culture, the knowledge of God
unto' salvation.
The address of Prof. Adams:the honored represen
tative of our own Church in those halls, came next
_in order. The Doctor is one of .those.. speakers who
defies the reportorial. pen, _unless it be one of literal
exactness. VVe'lna,ke no attempt to reproduce the
brilliancy of thought, or the beauty and force of the
illustrations. Indeed the impression was deep in the
audience that, in both cases, the Trustees had been
eminently successful in securing men who were the
embocliment of their departments. Prof. A. took
for his theme Genyine Literature'Phiianthropic.
spoke of •progressiveneis as .`universal law of 'things;
as more or less rapid according• to the capacity of, in
dividuals or nations; as illustrated inlaistory, and
4i
lastly in our. national histo.sO full of " rapid pro
gress in the achievemenis of philanthropy 'and
liberty---.especially illustrated our recent history,,
wherein is measurably finished what was left undone
in the revblution, on the subject of individual liberty.
All the' enlightening measures and institutions of the
age are Pi the direction of philanthropy. All litera
ture on right principles is philanthropic. It Was not
so with the non-Christian and often non-Theistic
literature of the ancients. The. Greek literature ex
hibits no broad- and just views of humanity. There
was a certain ,kind of tenderness for certain individ
ual cases, for dying heroes and self-sacrificed'inar
tyre, but no approach to the' tenderness of the
cross. - Neither Socrates nor Plato had One
thought of the Christian rule, "The rich and the
poor meet together; the Lord is the maker of them
all." Carrying out the same progressiveness in phil
anthropy which has made the African in this coun
try free, we now ask for his education. We ask it
on the ground of, 1. His capacity. The illustrations
of this are striking, numerous, beautiful, 2. It is
required by what we have already made them. 'lf,
after making them free, we deny them the means of
mental culture, we only augment their griefs. 3.
Their numbers. 4. Our former injustice to them.
The worst of this has been felt in mental degrada
tion. Repair in kind as we have wronged. 5. Their
great zeal for knowledge. Thrilling accounts were
given of their self-sacrifices and sufferings in pursuit
of knowledge. In the primary department of this
University, there have been cases in which they have
sprung, in a singleyear, from ignorance of letters to
a fair grade of what is generally understood as a com
mon school education, and in a second year reached
a surprising mark in higher learning. 6. Their
probable service in their fatherland. 7. Their in-
fluence on ours -own future national character. 8.
Theirzervices rendered during the rebellion, some, in
the field, and some, aasonthern slaves, helping priso
ners to esca,pe,•and acting as guides to, our armies.
9 Th i The s
as beautifully facttlt'atbebl i a ll a u k st ui ra a te n d, clings
st
to civilization.
f ivili a zat s io t %
z follbv -the speaker, or to give even an outline of his
rernitlits on the special claims of the University, or
. thiaaccOunt--the m oat , succinct. and. satisfactory which
we
_hive. seen—of its,present condition, and its really
.sunpripipg Accomplishments during the short, tern of
its existence. We understand both addresses are to
.be published. •
Follarsing Prof. Adams, Rev. Albeit `Ba'rnes was
.called fir the atand, introduced. by, Dr. Dickey as the
:life-long friend of the oppressed, and greeted by the
istuthints. and others present, ,with a storm of ap
fplause.t In a short, unpremeditated speech, Mr.
t Barnes Accepted the statement of the Doctor respect
au his•anti-slavery antecedents. He had ever tried
to be the friend.of the colored man—the friend of the
. enalated and wronged—;and, though' often under
trial, Id had never 'allowed any restraint upon his
'native - right to 'utter his views-and give out his in
:fluence. • had Pot expected to live to see the total
emancipation, of the.race in this' country, but he had
-never doubted .. would .come.., This institution
'[founded in 1857 only with reference to the prepara
tion of YOun T I `men for usefulness in Liberia, but, en
larged to a niversity 'when 'the Eniancipation Act
opened iiip a broader fieldd was. not an accident. It
'was God's , pre-arrangement for the sudden and
:unexpected ball of.four millions of freemen in this
country for ministers, teachers, and other educated
men.of their, own race. Neither will it stand alone.
It has . risen, under the providence of God, as the
pioneer of scores :of, educational institutions, male
and:female, of sitbilar ,charicter: 'Forty years ago,
an earnest effort was made, in New Jersey, to main
tain an educational institution of high order, for' the.
-colored people, but it ,died out. The country was
not then ripe for.it. It is ripe for it now, and work
like, this will go forward.. Pointing to a map of Af
rica on the.wall of the chapel; Mr. Barnes 'pissed
from the - few millions of the AfriCan race , in this
country, to the probably hundred and fifty millions
in that vast-region—a region all certain to be given
to Christ—and referring to the *bearing of institu
tions like this upon that result, he congratulated
both the new and older members of the Faculty as
°having assumed one of the ,most glorious works of
the times.
Our space will not allow us to give any account
of what we-witnessed of the condition, physical; ed
ucationtil; andspirittal of' theinstitution. We may
Jaereafter, copy the. notice of these things in Prof.
AdaniS' address, to which. we referred. • Suffice it to
=say; we wen 'profoundly, ,impressed with the wisdom
and success, of its conception, and the glory of, its
influence present and prospective.
s - itr - WAMITICGT6N. '
Vi r ASNINGTON, JAN. 27, 1868.
Complaints are frequently made against the rul
ing party in Congress, because of its radicalism and
its readiness to adopt extreme - measures. The re
construction acts are quoted as illustrating this
chargi. It seemS to mef they prove, exactly the op
posite. Every step taken has been the least that,
under the circumstances, could be done. There has
been the utmost reluctance to' do thorough work at
the - Sonth or' 'With the Executive. This has been
the :Weakness of the party, and the necessity for
modifying the reconstruction measures arises from .
its lack of radicalism. The fact that one amendment
after another has passed is seized upon by the op
ponents of Congressas ; phowing its desire to over
ride, the.Constitutfon,,ernsh the South, and gather
all, the power of the government into the hands of
the Legislative branch. The truth is that the vari
ous advances have been made only through the
contumacy of the rebels and the obstructiveness of
the Executive.. Congress may truly say with _
not of choice bUt of necessity ; God does
not conduct, but drives us and carries us forward.
We'are not master of our actions." Why, the time
was, after the war, when Congress would havebeen
satiefied - bireceive the rebel States as reconstrticted,
with no guarantees for the future, but that slavery
should not be restored and :the, rebel debt not as
sumed by the United States; but every proposition
was voted down with scorn by the rebels. And so
with, the Execqtive,, every restriction placed, upon
his .anthority, has been wrung from an unwilling
Congress to 'save the country from anarchy and
confusion. The policy to which Congress is now.
fully ,Cotrimitted' is, that the Southern States shall
be governed by loyal men. If loyal white men can
and will'do this, well; but in any event loyal men,
and better the uneducated loyal negro than- the dis
loYal
. The supplementary bill commanded every Re
publicdn vote in the house. In the Senate it has
evoked an able and most spirited discussion. Sen
ator Doolittle proposed amendments restricting the
stiffrage Or'the negroes, (not of whites also,) to
those who could read and write, and who should be
possessed of property to the amount of two hun
dred and fifty dollars. His speech was carefully
prepared, and had been . announced beforehand, as
designed to lay down the conservative platform for
the present campaign, It was made impressive by
the deep voice, solemn manner and fine oratory of
the speaker; and was listened to with great atten
ti on. It was understood to be a challenge to the
Republicans toenter the lista, and defend themselves
as best they might. It was an adroit move, in that
he professed to represent the Conservatives and not
the Democrats, so that if it should fail the Demo
crats could disclaim it as their own. The speech
abounded in invective against , the Radicals, and es
pecially against "negro supremacy forced at the
the point of the bayonet, "which idea seem to haunt
the Senator's mind as some gloomy spectre ; it also
plead most earnestly for the disfranchised leaders,
"the heart and brain'! of the South, and for the
South generally which had lost thousands of mil
lions Of dollars, and,hundreds of lives by the war;
and now must have the additional punishment of
Genesee Evangelist, No. 1132.
Ministers $2.50 H. Miss. $2.00
Address :-1334 Chestnut Street
being ruled by negroes. The speech made a great
impression upon the audience, and seems to have
'satisfied the Democrats who have praised it with
out qualification.
Judge Trumbull followed in an impromptu speech
in which he riddled the oration at every point.
Although he does not display such oratory as Mr.
Doolittle, who is•one of the best speakers in Con -
gress, yet he always makes his points with such
clearness and logic, that he carries the convictions of
his audience with him. On this occasion he made a
'most thorough exposure of the sophistry of the party
cries of "radicalism," "negro supremacy," " unconsti
tutionnality," &c. Senator Morton followed the next
day with a speech profound in thought, irresistible in
logic and weighty in its facts and authorities, and
Senator Nye with one full of wit and satire. The
country may be thankful to Mr. Doolittle for furn
ishing the ooCasion for such replies as those of Trum
bull,' Morton and Nye—the first demolishing the
speech', the iecond the- sentiments, and the last the
speaker.
A new Presbytterign church is soon to be formed
here, which one might well wish would change its
principles or sail under another banner. The new
body is composed partly of those who left Dr. Sun
derland during the war. Since then they have
attended Dr. Gurley's preaching, but have not been
satisfied with his position. They have ,now organized
a Sunday-schdol, secured a Southern' preacher, and
propose to have preaching adapted to their pro
,cliVities. It seeing incredible that such an organiza
tion can be formed at this late day, but perhaps it
will purify the other churches by furnishing a place
.for all the malcontents. One can wish them no greater
evil than that these may congregate there.
But what can • be said, of the possibility of a mem
ber of City Council, in the sight of the Capitol, at a
Council dinner offering a toast " to the man that
pulled the trigger that shot the man that freed the
nigger," and receiving no indignant .rebuke for the
atrocious sentiment? This is said to have occurred
in Georgetown during the past .week. If these
things can be done.in . Washington; what is likely to
be. the state of feeling further South? Probably
there is good reason why the Southern commands
prove such powerful educators to the district corn
minders, and. such men as . Sheridan, Pope, Sickles
and Meade,' Elie Reeder and Geary in Kansas years
ago, need only to see in order to be convinced.
PHILADELPHIA FOURTH PRESBYTERY.
At a late meeting of the Philadelphia Fourth
Presbytery, the following. items of business were
transacted
I. The reception of Bethesda Presbyterian church,
Philadelphia, (the ,colony frorn Kensington First),
under care of. the Presbytery and the necessary or
der fortleipstallation of the pastor Rev. Wm. T.
Eva, on the "evening of Wednesday, February
Twelfth.
11. The reception of Atco, Camden county, N. J.,
Presbyterian church under the care of Presbytery.
111. The appointment of Messrs. Clouds, Paul,
'Lukens, Jones and Farr, Elders, a Committee to
confer with a similar CoMMittee from Philadelphia
Third Presbytery in respect to a meeting of Elders
in Philadelphia.
IV. The adoption of a paper on Re-union as fol
lows: .
1.. Resolved, that this
.Presivtery are in thorough
sympathy, with whatever tends to bring into closer
fellowship all Christians adopting similar standards
of Faith and Order..
2. Resolved, that this Presbytery regard the Plan
cf Re-union between the two branches of the Pres
byterian church, reported by.the Joint Committee
of the General Assemblies as, in the main, judi
cious and acceptable, but Presbytery deem it indis
pensable to the organic unity, and continued peace
of the two branohes, that the acceptance of the
Confession of Faith. "as containing the system of
doctrine taught in the Holy Scriptures," be clearly
and definitely understood as allowing that diversity
of doctrinal interpretation which from the first has
obtained in the Reformed Churches, and which is
not inconsistent with the integrity of the Calvinis
tic system. •
V. Adjournment to meet 12i o'clock, P. M., first
Monday in, March, Presbyterian House.
T. J. SHEPHERD, Stated Clerk.
DEMONSTRATION IN FAVOR OF OUR SUNDAY .
LIQUOR LAW.-It is of the highest importance
that our Legislature should be made aware of
the Etrong sentiment of the moral and religious
part of our community in favor of the continu
ance and enforcement of this law. We rejoice,
therefore, that one of our organizations have the
matter in hand, and that a public meeting of the
proper character will soon be held.
THE INDEPENDENT, speaking of the rebuke
administered by order of an outraged House of
Representatives to Fernando Wood, for calling it
and its acts " infamous," says the people will say
" Amen," and adds " perhaps, also, they will say
amen to another rebuke which followed—given
to the same culprit, by Mr. Oakes Ames, of
Massachnsetts. Mr. Ames went privately to
Wood, and said, ' Sir, Congress would be less in
famous if you were out of it.'
THE LAST LONDON QUARTERLY REVIEW has gone
through six editions, on account of the popular de
mand for several articles, particularly on the Tal
mud, Abyssinia, and The Conservative Surrender.
IMPORTANT ACTION
FENWICE