GRAIN earming in eastern pennsyl VANIA. 111. Almost every State has its distinct phases of agriculture, occasioned by its soil and climate, or by its first settlers. Grain grow ing, which is the leading business in the hus bandry of the best portions of Eastern Penn sylvania and New Jersey, is secured by the peculiarities of the soil mainly. The soil which is under the plow is easily tilled* and comparatively free from boulders or largo stones. There is nothing to interfere with the plow, the harrow, or the cultivator! For the most part, corn is not touched with the hand-lioe ofter planting, and even the plant ing is often done by the drill. Lime is al most everywhere cheap, and with the small quantities of manure made, serves to keep up the fertility of the land with very mode rate applications! The farms underlaid with limestone are said tO)be, subject to .drought in summer, making them unreliable for pas ture. Eye or wheat, oats and corn, are easily raised, aiid probably pay better than' dairy farming. They take less capital, in volve less labor, ,bnd .require /less skill. The. rotation, corn oflalijme;d sod, oats or a sum mer fallow, manure, apd winter grain; either rye or wheat, clover, and timothy are com mon. making a five ;, or six years’ course. There is a uniformity in - following this courso, without nideh regard to the nation ality of the original -settlers. i«r.’ I; ;; c . cl) We come upon the characteristic Penn sylvania Barn, long beforb wo enter the State at Easton, travelling by the' Morris and Essex railroad. It is planted if pqssi ble, upon aside hill, and has ono or two stories below the barn .floor, where the hay and grain are delivered! The best model has stone gables, atid the walls of the lower stories are of stone or briek, laid in mortar, and made rat proqf. The entrance to the main floor ,is djrectly frojn the ground on the upper side,,orby a, broad,,drive-way, of gentle ascent where this is,necessary.; It is of large capacity, frequently 50 by 100 feet, and will hold several hundred tons of bay and grain. Ther,e are deep bays on either; side of the floor for hay, and immediately,’ beneath the floor is the,granary into which* the wheat, oats, and rye; are received, when, they are threshed. The threshing and cut-' ting of strawj corn fodder, and hay, is all ■ done by horsepower: I '’fllhe cut feed is con-; veyed by a shoot to Ih’e stables in the base; ment, where li is mixed with ineal, and fed to the animals. The whole basement is ,oc-' cupied with Btalls for cattle and horses. There is a large cistern in®^iV ; side hill,, catching all the water frqm -the barn,.and; furnishing an abundant supply for the stock. A pipe brings the water from the cistern,! immediately in front of the feeding 1 stalls, so that little time is lost in-watering. Some times a neighboring spring,’instead of a cis tern, furnishes the water.- There is one grand dofect in this style of barn—the want of some means near the'stalls for the preser vation and composting of manures, and with, this supplied, we,do not know that it could be changed for the better. Manures are not prized so highly as thou are further East, and for this perhaps thomme is at fadlt. It is a great Ipbor to clean out the stables in this kind of barn. The. manure, i's carried out by wheel-barrow or” other coutrivance, and deposited in the open yard, where, mixed with straw, it lies exposed till the an nual clearing out comes in August or Sep tember, for the oat .stubble or Summer fal low. A barn cellar underneath tho stables would save largely in labor, and in the value of manure, We think,: on many of these farms, from two to five hundred dollars are lost every year for want of a cellar. Pork raising is quite an important item in the business ,of the grain farm. The pigs are sometimes fed in clover through the summer, but quite as frequently run .at large, and the manure is wasted/ They are generally fed upon raw corn, and in large inclosures when, shut up for fattening. We did not find the »smaU pen ■yv.ell filled with muck or loam, upon which the eastern far mer relies lor several cords of his heat manure. We believe it pays to have swine sheltered, and to feed with ground and cook ed food. ■■ f MUTTON AND WOOL. When the whole community of sheep raisers is running wild, almost, after fin’e wool sheep, it may seem strange to some that we should continually advocate inutton breeds. Perhaps it would not be so if these wore the favorites of the speculative class of breeders. We chn, and do, raise as good mutton in this conritry as they do in Eng land, but our people are not such mutton eators, and, though mutton raising pays quite as well, in fact better usually, than beef-raising, yrit our market is not a dis criminating ode, and the most profitable sheep to buy and fatten are fine-wools, if bought with judicious care. There is always sale for South-down' and Gotswold mutton, and the difference in price is not what it ought to be, though remunerative. Ot late thore has been a remarkable change in the value qf the combing wools. They have increased in price, while fine wools rule soarcely any higher than in specie times, aud, were the quotations reduced to the gold standard, they would* be lower now than for many years. The reasons for the high price of long wools are several. A ,class of manu factures has. come in vogue which requires these combing wools, and the supply from Canada is, in a good measurement off by the operation of the now Tariff, while in Eng land, the home demand keeps prices up, and the wool chiefly at home. : The small amount of combing wools raised in this obuhtry is jmt, it seems, sufficient fbr the demand. There seems to bg,a:n overstock of goods made from the fipqst wools, and mnßufac turers are buying.but very limited quantities, hence the general, depression of the fine' wool market. THE AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN, THURSDAY, AUGUST 29, 1867. A few years ago long wool sold according to quality—length, fineness, strength and gloss—at 25e. to 35c. per pound. Now it sells at 50c. to 75c. The clip of a flock of equal puri ty and excellence recently sold, unwashed, at 50c. to 55c., which is equal tq 75c. to 82c., according to the usual calculation—deduct ing one-third as loss in washing. It is not to be expected that these relative prices will continue, but it is certain that these beauti ful combing fleeces have“gaine’d; and will hold, 'a value far above carpet Wools. For the real Wool-raiser, no doubt the best policy will ever be to raise.the finest and best wool, free from excess of grease; but for sftfall farmers who hat/e rich farms on which : a few Bheep, 50 to 100, viitfdo well; none preseh't so great attractions'npw as do the CotßWolds. They 1 grdw to’’ an inthnense size, Christmas mqtton carcasses'■weighing over '2OO pounds being almost ev&ry year brought to' New York, and sell at the highest prices. They make early lambs'. The grades, half-bred; ai'e Very strongly marked, 1 and 1 the’ three-quarters 1 pure are often hard; to tell frbrn the full-blood Cotswolds, #xcbpt bjpthe accurate and distinctive markWof pfinty'bf blood Agriculturist.-, f- , ,*.n--: .* i d , ABOUT WEEDS. Thhre can be no specific that l will kill an undesirable plant—or weed- —ahclnot injure the desirable plants of the crop. ; Therefore; all applications, be they salt, plasters, ashes,! or nMhat;riot,' merely to kill weeds, are simply; absurd. CuTtivation.Consists, solelyin giving the.plant that we wish to grow an advantage over other;plants. In an uncultivated field,; where everything is 16ft to itself,-it hecomes a “struggle for existence*” hnd the-strong est—which Is üßuallyithc:most gets the best of it. In all our cultivation,! the aim is to give the crop we wish 16’ grow sole possession of the soil, and all our culti-, vators, horse-hoes, hand-hoes .of all. kinds, ete.j are used to destroy every ,'p ( fanib except, a particular one that wc wish, sho,uld have full possession of , the soil, jfro’wyfe know of no help for weeds, whether ip'garden or', in field,,except,a .mechanical^. one.'.lf. one, finds a few panada Thisiles lawn, cuts’ the si;ems and. puts some salt ‘opgaph, and thus, them,,it is!.no, exception to the/ general rule. : Had he ,put an, equal,, amount of salt, all over his lawn, he \popld have killed everything upon it. , We have but little sympathy with a gardener who lets the weeds get the .better of. him. -His soil;, should have been •kept, so constantly stirred' that weeds could have no chancel Whoever is not able to keep down the weeds ! by f the use ’of the rake, or the 1 -many Weeding-hoes,’ 1 'has more garden than he pan 1 prope'rly 1 care l fori If weeds have got the mastery; use' somb'oftrhe various weeding-hOes; rakehhbm ‘ at once from the 1 ground, ahd ! if there'is A 1 sign of a flower or a Seed upon them, do not let them go to the manure is all nonsense to talk of destrbying their vitality by fermentation—but just spread them where they will dry, and 1 then 1 , with the ac cummnlated brush and other combustible gari den rubbish, burn 1 them. With a little care; ash'es, so 1 valuable as a fertilizer, may he made in considerable quantity from properly dried refuse of the garden. —American Agri culturist. I 1 - THE BEST WAY TO EAISE POTATOES. A new way of planting potatoes has been adopted in England, and to some extent has been tried in this country, with gqcid suc cess: The seed, is planted under straw, being simply dropped on the ground, and a thick layer of 1 Straw spread over it, which takes the place of manure in several ways: First preventing the escape' of ammonia, and thus' governing the growth of vegetation, aS'is seen where brush is allowed to remain on, the ground in grass land; second, by keep ing the f ground moist arid pliable during the hot season, arid third, by furnishing through its gradual decay a large amount of actual nourishment; The crop requires neither cul- : tivating nor hoeing, as the growth of Weeds ' is entirely smothered, the rank vines pene trating through the straw; which is im pervious to the weaker weeds, that have no strong pulp to force them along. The crop on the removal of the straw is found lying on the ground, almost as clean as if it had been washed, as indeed it has been by all the rains of the sealson. It is stated that a thousand’ bushels to the acre have been raised by this process. • . J-rifiitifit. AN OHIO STEAMBOAT BUN BY PETEO- leUm. A successful, experiment was made Iqst week on the Ohio river with petroleum as a, substitute for coal in navigation. The Cin cinnati Gazette says of the new method of raising steam: The advantages of this ar-, rangement ape so obvious that it seems, al most superfluous, yet we cannot resist point ing out at least a few of them, First of all we have the economy, of the fuel itself— twenty dollars’ worth of petroleurn being equal to fifty dollars’ worth of coal. Then, there is the economypf weight and space, which is as one to ten. In addition to this we have the saving of wagos Of firemen and co.al heayers, the saving of time in taking, the fuel on board, and above all the perfect control of the engineer over the fire, and the, complete- absence of danger from’ sparks. The explosive qualities of petroleum have hitherto been the great bugbear by which our enterprising steamboat builders and ma chinists have been scared, off. We ,aro not at all surprised at this, for steam itself.had to struggle hard ere it could assort its su premacy over every other power in use, and wo feel satisfied thiaf coal will 'give way to : petroleum as the tov?path gave way to the railway. But let us look a rnoment at the Conditions required to make petroleum ex plosive. They are three: a pent up space, a mixture with atmosphere, and the actual living flame. It will not explode in an open vessel; it cannot explode unless it is first turned into gas, and aredhotiton immersed into the oil will simply commuaicate to it its caloric and cool off. Any one of the above conditions being lacking, the oil is perfectly harmless, In this respeetit.does not differ from alcohol,, whisky, turpentine, and a hundred oiher substances with which con stant use has familiarized us, and which con sequently we- consider perfectly safe. Naj r , even coal itselfl is more.daingbrous than ; pe troleum-, ,for while the fpjrmer is suhjee.t,,jto spontaneous combustion,With the, latter it is simply impossible. * Again, while with' coHl thefe’is' 1 danger in cvbfy above, below' around danger with the petroleum,is only; above.,; If A! lump, of burn-,, eoal falls on the floor, it will singe appphuru in every direction; let petroleum be .spilled oh the floor and batch firb, a lurid/flame will shoot up .out-in a'few 66cohdt,- ; withl out ieven -scorching the floor; . Hence we have nothing to.iguard. against but,lts in flamnqability, and this has been adrpirably. aceoujplished by Mr. Saroni; in . employing! thei principle bf Sir Humphrey DaVy’s Safety Laihpi- A fine wire gauze covers every opening. Jthtough. which the flame could i possibly get access, and by this .simpft far-?. raggern,e t nt explosion *js made next. tq .im possible.” - STOBM OF BEOOD AT AIiBANY. 'Masses of'gjplatihous matter, containing mihutie 1 granule's arranged ■ irv it Wthi tohrie regularity;'wtere foundvirriithe streets’early yesterday morning* .Viewed-through ajmi croscope, the ( ibrick-colored-, bopjes were . sojnewhat pflthe shape of grains ~of 1 wheat, And the gelatinous'matter seemed'to be s eOnheeted t'o’ eac|i*bne as ft-’se'para’ie tmv-* ering. They were,'.apparently, separate: cellA; v,ery : .uniform LinijsiiejjbeiDg ,L-jL2fith; fit,mi, inch long,;and l-2Mthpf, ( apj inch,thick, fill ed with' granular particles, irom which they deHte their gbla'finohs fenvelop and' 1 their appearafhbh : gave them I ,' at first, somewhat thti charaster of'one of the single celled proto,gbytes, r jjsombling.most the Pal moglica, one of the, lumbjest. kinds of vege .»»l -- i 'm'l/ . A It. !ij ll I'i > , . J-Vl ! ‘/Ii ' : i ’ , ’-Vi '' tation; /liiat they. v f ere pot these was pro ved 1 by' their ibbhfliioifi: ’with iodiUe, ahfl : their'containing A d strict e6ll wall: *- • < "1 Several personsijcliim. to have seen them:; falling ,as nd .they, wpye. not found trees or r,. Tjhey been carried, for a gre'flt disiahee fly, the wind.' 1 They 1 are J fifo: e likely'to ! be''th'efgefm 1 cells of:some mfiirinj-growth, p'euhaps ’the, fucus platycarpus,*, which i they resemble.:; The prqsenpe of,chip id ( o of ipjline, (sea salt), which is found large y in the .gelatinous en velop', is corrohbratr e of their marine ori gin; 1 !" s-j-i; .3: -v -' -- Dust storms, and from ithe character o deposit, usually occji though they have'’*' every month of the ; ; §MiM Just Issued. • •*-•' -——HD —J — J. A Pocket Edition of the well-known Family .Bible, with Notes, Maps, and Instructions, has just, been in 3 vols.j 18mo., price $3. v Postage, 52 cents. The: two Tolnmea of the bid Testament will .be sol,d separately to accommodate those; who hare .already purchased the third volume, Price, $2 25., Postage, 36 cents. j .. • Amei;ipn Tract Society, :!l 12l6’‘Clie : £tmit Street, • • r- : : V- . it i- CLEMJiiNT SMITH & SQ.NS, FURNITURE WARE-ROOIBS, „ , 248 SOUTHSECOND , STREET,, Respectfully inform our friends and we hare opened an establishment at the above place, where we will manu facture all descriptions of Fine dafiinet Work. Many years’ ex perience in conducting the munufucturejof oijepf the oldest and largest establishments in this city, haß givenua the advantage of PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE and SKILL in the AST o : ' DESIGNING and ‘itAIIIJFACTiJRING 1 FINE : 1 CABINET“WRS7 onTthe most v |,. „ Terms. ry For character.and reffrithose who to the uudersigned gentlemen':— * J.-C. I 1 ARB,, 324Chestnut.Street. S. R. HILT, N. E. corner Fifth and Walnut. ■ W. E. TENBROOK, Clicstlmt Street. ’ ’’ ’ J H. P. M. BIRKENBI-NE Ssthi'and Bearing, Wl P. ! ; * THOMAS POTTER, Arch Street. . ~:j , ANSON JEWELL, 1103 Vine Street. v' l blood* called .l 1 the . dust which they ;in the spring or fall, ieeh observed during [ear.— !Alb’dny Alrgus. wrnte. ' j i‘,' -} I PHILADELPHIA. ], SMITH & DREER, TJSWVTIT .».V« .111111 STREETS, PHILADELPHIA, THEODORE SMITH. FERDINAND J. DREER HAVE ON HAND A FINE ASSORTMENT OF WATCHES, JEWELRY. AND SILVER WARE, Rpr2,s-ly Of the most fashionable styles. TO OUR CUSTOMERS. We. take pleasure in announcing to Dealers in Fer tilisers, and the Agricultural public, that we have, within the pasl year; inbreased our facilities for the manufacture of out RAW BONK PHOSPHATE, to Ml ex tent tjnqqjjaUed by any, other House in the United 'States or Europe. These facilities not only include the enlargement of ourbld established works in.iPhila delphhvkfapw.n as thei DELAWARE BIVEB AG EIOtHiTUEAL OHEIIIOAL WORKS, but also the purchase of extensive‘Etnd well stocked work! at Chi cago, HI, with all &c., to conduct the business. This establishment alone has iproduced,'anima\lyi over 6000 i tons of dried BoneS and Meat, and is eapable of being largely:increased. ■ We desire, by the . closest supervision, to conduct these two concerns so that our customers will derive a prac tical benefit from their consolidation, .'in obtaining a MIAN.UBE, which shall maintain a standard.and uni form quality, 1 and at the lowest possible price. BAUGH 8s SOWS. Peruvian Guano Substitute ! . ... v,!.a. 1 8.-A'U.G’it’-e Raw BoneSuper-PhospliateofLime. 1 _. :; , jj . j ;j ~,j BAUGH & SONS,, ... Sole Proprietors and Manufacturers. Delaware Oliver r Chemical Works; and Calumet -' -.i>i n;fi Works,,.Chicago-., t >* .•ft ( ~ , li ß&* 'Farmers are recomm'ehded to purchase ; of the dctUfiri. JpUfttedij.m neighb.qrhood. .In suctions, where no dealer is yet established, the Phosphate may be’phocureci directly from tlie undersigned: X‘Priced v Oiuculac will bjEfseiit to all dealers, who'&ppjy,, .‘1 / B, Au G H & s.ON S , ~ Office,'Nb. 20'S’. Delaware Avenue, Philadelphia; 5 and • ! '• i w v Noii229 Lake0 S C> ia"**-3EI OT 3D C*'TC E 3 3PLTST,' KE; CEEAM‘A DINIttG SiIiOONS, No. 1121 Chestnut St., Girard ftow. PHILADELPHIA. Parties supplied with Ice Creams, Water Ices, Roman I>unch Charlotte Russes, Jellies, Blanc Mange, T*ncy and Wedding taken Cdniy Orbfements,Fruit*, ic.jAc. - • JO>ES, TEMPLE A CO., WHOLESALE AND RETAIL Hat 1/laziiifacturers^ 29 SOUTH NINTH STREET, PIBST STOEE ABOVE OHE3TNU myl6-ly COLTON DENIAL ASSOCIATION, Originators of the Nitrous Oxide Gas for the Painless. , Extraction of Teeth. j Forty thousand persons have inhaled the gas at our various bffices, Without an accident dr failure.''' 'The names and residences cani he seen : at ,oiir ; -offices ,in Philadelphia, Boston, New York, Baltimore, St. Louis, Chicago, Cincinnati, and Louisville. ’ ' J “ ' Philadelphia Office, 737 Walnut Street'h'eloW'Eighth:. Come to the Headquarters. We never fail: ,i ' r ' SOMETIIINGr NEW! ’ ' ■ i ' 1 "' ’ , - \ - '■ . i< . •' ] '.jji Send fifty cents for a Specimen Copy of the beautiful PHOTOGRAPH MARRIAGE CERTIFICATE; Regular retail price, JPRESIDBNT, 5 ,U 'J : ’ : ; . ; I ■ .** CASHIER, . * ■' ' 1 'Joseph Iv'ituacFbßb;' - ; " ! 1 “ ; .... ~ S , , ; JAMES MOORE, COAL DEALER. " i { . ■'•■yf '•> : • : iU'it \ , !’ , , Eaglp Vein, Shamokin and , other Coals, From the most approved Mines, oonstantlj kept on hand. YARD, 747 SOUTH*BROAD STREET. Orders lelt at”' ‘ 1 ' 918 PINE STREET, or V. W, CORKER of TJEJVTII and WHARTON STREETS, promptly attended to. . < SMITH « ADAIR, ■h. . . . Practrkal Jlnannfaetarers of ' SUPERIOR SILVER-P-LATED WARE, ‘ FACTORY AND SALK9.ROOMS, No. 35 South Third Street, Up Stairs, ’akd ” ‘ 1126 Chestnut Street I,'Second 1 ,'Second Floor. • 1064-ly a. B Y R 6 N HO R SE , : * ! 1 Frenoh Confectioner. • ' LADIES’ AND GENTLEMEN’S REF EEC TOBY." , 902 and 904 Arch great, Phila. ..Breakfast;/Dinner; and Tea served in the very beat manner. Polite and prompt attention given to all who may favor us with their patronage. '* ■; ; . . G. BYRON MORSE. FRANCIS NEWLAND & SON, ' ■ DEALERS IN Afcl. KINDS OP Paper Hangings, '■'■'Nbi 5'2 North Ninth Street, ONE DOORBKEOW ARCH ST., marM^m' ' 1 ’ PHII.AI>EI,PHTA. I I ’ : : ' EL WELL’S REFECTORY ICA CKMAM SALOONS, 727 and 729 Arch Street. Parties and Weddings furnished. Ornamental Con fectionary, Pyramids, &c., made to order. A <3? HALL. TYPE, SKILLED WOBKMEff.