THE AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN
GENESEE EVANGELIST.
A RELIGIOUS AND FAMTT.Y NEWSPAPER
IH THE INTEREST OF THE
Constitutional Presbyterian Church.
PUBLISHED EVERY THUBSDAY
AT THE PRESBYTERIAN HOUSE,
1884 Chestnut Street, (2d story,) Philadelphia.
Her. J oha W. Hears, Editor and Publisher.
LIPE AND TIMES OP JOHN HHSS.
During the several years’ independent
existence of the Presbyterian Quarterly
Review, under the editorial control of the
lamented Dr. Wallace, there appeared in
its pages, a series of elaborate historical
studies or monographs, upon the leading
characters oPthe thirteenth and fourteenth
centuries, in whom the spirit and tenden
cies of the great Reformation were fore
shadowed: Nicholas de Clemengis,
Laurentius "Valla, Vincent Ferrara, Eng
land after Wioliff, the Taborites and
Oalixtines. John Hues and his Writings, are |
some of the titles of these articles which,
attracted great attention at the time, from,
the novelty of the sources, freshness of
description, force of statement and general
unity of design which seemed to pervade
them. Some of the most popular newspaper
articles of the day were extracted from
■these sketches, and expectation was begin
ning to be aronsed as to the greater work
■of which they might be symptomatic. *
It now turns out that they arose in the
course of long and extensive investigations
•necessary to the production of a work
which, rb soon as it appears, is recognized
by the theological world as a standard:
*• The Life and Times of John Huss.”
Those review articles were the shavings
thrown off in the course of the work; the
real purpose of the workman is at last
revealed in these two handsome volumes.
We welcome them with .gratification akin
topride, as the work of a Presbyterian
minister—a pastor too—at Harlem,'New
York, who has suddenly earned 'no mean
reputation among the historians' and
theological writers of America., He chose
a subject of the deepest interest, which
had as yet received no adequate attention
from historians, and he has thrown around
a familiar .name the charm pf novelty.
More than this, be has given us a graphic
account of a hundred of the most stirring
of the .-world’s,, history,concluding
with the thirty years’ war in 1
It was troublous times in the Romfeh
Church when Huss appeared: The power
of the Popes had already reached the
height which it never afterwards attained.
The corruption and hypocrisy of Romish
ecclesiastics was kindling universal indig
nation. Wicliff, the " morning Btar of the
Reformation,” had .already appeared in
England, and was dealing terrible blows
at the rnonks, which were heard with
sympathy in the heart of Europe. And
alas for papal infallibility 1 Two rival
Popes claimed the chair pf St. Peter, one
in France and one in Italy, but neither at
Rome, and thundered anathemas at each
other and sadly perplexed Christendom
with! their conflicting, irreconcilable preten
sions. It was an age of the world deplorably
■in need of Reformation. If Luther and
Calvin could not appear, then a herald in
the spirit and power of Elias must come,
and the paths be made straight for the true
Reformation.
Two such heralds came in Germany, in
■the persons of Jerome and Huss, both of
Bohemia, contemporaries and warm friends
of each other, fellow-laborers and fellow
martyrs for the truth. Jerome was the
•orator, Huss was the logician, the control
veraialist, and, when driven from the
pulpit of Prague, the voluminous and
powerful writer. In his first attacks upon
the abuses of the hierarchy, he carried the
popular sentiment with him, or rather
Became its organ ; for the people all over
Europe groaned under the burden of
priestly arrogance, extortion and brutality.
His own. ecclesiastieal superior, Sbynco,
Archbishop of Prague, sustained him
warmly. Having risen by the force of his
talents and the purity and nobleness of his
•character, from the position of a charity
student to the rectorship of the great
University of Prague, to be confessor to
the Queen of Bavaria, and preacher to the
•celebrated Bethlehem Chapel, he held on his
bold career for a number of years un
disturbed.
•In 1402 he was made preacher of the
chapel; in 1403, the writings of Wicliff
were condemned by the University, with
little or no opposition on the part of Huss,
who probably had as yet little acquain
tance with them. But he had begun to
study them, and from that time became
more and more convinced of the truth of
the English Reformer’s positions in regard
to the supremacy of the law of Christ and
*The readers of the Review for September
1856 found in a foot note to the article on
‘‘Hubs and his Writings,” the following sig
nificant words: “Surely the tune to eonm
' for the vindication of a name that deserves to
| be ranked by the side of Luther and of
Calvin."
lineman I’mi^terian.
New Series. Vol. I, No. 4.
the teachings of the apostles, over all the
commandments of men. Being detected
in the perusal of his writings, he was
coarsely reminded that the arch-heretic’s
soul had been condemned to hell. Huss
warmly replied: “ I wish only that my
soul, when it leaves this body, may reach
the place where that of this excellent
Briton now dwells.” He was however
not molested'th'en, nor when he openly
denounced as an imposture ' a pretended
miracle announced by a priest at WilShack:-
The Archbishop was still in sympathy
with Huss, and forbade any one in his
diocese to visit the scene of the pretended
miracle.
ButSbynco and many others who
appeared to sympathize with Hues in the
desire for a reform in the Church, had no
profound religious interest in the question.
They soon drew back when they saw the
radical nature of any measures which
would prove effectual. The Bishop
ordered the writings of Wicliff to be
burned, and in.spile of the University, and
the people, of Huss and the king himself,
persisted in his determination. ■ In the
course of the proceedings, Huss was
excommunicated by the Bishop and for
bidden to preach in Bethlehem chapel.
Here commences the long straggle, the
recital of which lends its chief interest to
the volumes before us. We cannot follow
the thrilling, course of the narrative, told
.as it is withsgraphiff power, and without
, tedious: pauses, digressions.or.expansions ;
how Huss triumphed over the Bishop who
soon after died; how, when all the power
ful friends who had hitherto sustained him,
at length yielded to the weight of pontifi
cal authority, Huss continued fearlessly to
rebuke, the glaring and, monstrous vices
and martial policy, which disgraced the
papal chair, in .the person of: Balthazar,
called John XXIII; how he-maintained
before immense-assemblages, in Prague the ■
anti-Gjhristiam character .of-, the measures)
'taken; by. the rPppe ;> how, 1 after* years ,!of
Buspeuse;/t)ie. ar.ch-hisbop*s; sentence is:
confirmed by theiPqpe, and HusS, excom
municated, leaves Prague, to save the city
from the interdict which his presence
brought upon it; how diligently -he;
employs his leisure iu the use of his pen!
- for: the great principles which he m«iy. no
loager-.preach ; how the- futility 'of all
other attempts to suppress the heresy he
spreading and to save Bohemia to
the Papacy, combined with other reasons,
to _bring :about the, celebrated, council: of
Constance.; how treacherously the pious
and brave Reformer was treated by this
assembly, claiming to represent, the purest
of all organizations, the church of Christy
who in spite of the “safe .conduct” of, the
Emperor, under which ,he: had come to
Constance, thrust him into a loathsome
underground cell and retained their hold
on him to the last moment; how the very
Pope who had excommunicated him, came,
by a decision of the council to occupy a
cell in the same prison with his former
victim; how the attempts of - Huss to
defend himself before the council were
frustrated, and how at length on the 6th
of July 1415 he was burned at the stake,
on his forty-second birth day, in the full
vigor of his remarkable powers, which, if
they had been spared to the world, would;
in all probability, have given us half a
century more of Protestanism than the
race has enjoyed.
The martyrdom of Huss, however, brings
us only to the end of the second chapter of
the second volume. To complete the
description of the immediate results of
Hus# teaching, the historian carries us
through the proceedings of the council,
the persecutions, recantation, repentance,
noble bearing and martyrdom of Jerome,
the friend and fellow reformer of Huss ;
recpunts the efforts to win back the people
of Bohemia, now thoroughly enlisted on the
side of their fallen teachers and heroes, to
the Papacy; depicts the repeated and
entirely unsuccessful attempts of the Em
peror Sigismund to crush by force of arms,
the awakened spirit of his people; and tell
us how even the disastrous divisions of the
Bohemian Christians did not give their
•enemies sufficient advantage to accomplish
their overthrow. Down to the early part
of the seventeenth century, Protestanism
was flourish Lag in Bohemia. The dread
ful era of the Thirty Tears’ War, from
1622 td-1655, was uecessary to crush the
leaven which John Huss, by the grace of
God, had introduced into the hearts of his
countrymen. The Moravians still remain
however, as a living proof of the power of
his influence; the rise of that remarkable
branch of Christ’s Church, being traced by:
PHILADELPHIA, THU R SD AI, JANUARY 28, 1864.
Mr. Gillett to the sect of Bohemians called
Taborites, one of the two great'Protestant
parties into which the people were divided
after the death of HnsS; the other-'party
being called Calixtines. ■
Around this principal theme of the nar-!
rative, are skillfully grouped by the his-['
torian all of the ; great characters of thet
times in the church and the world, and all)
the leading incidents of the contemporary]
history. For this comprehensive result;-)
this triumph as we may call it, on an enT|
tirely new field, Mr. Gillett preparedihim- j
self by the skirmishes of his review arti-i
cleß upon isolated subjects and characters. !
He first gained thorough mastery over hi?l
materials, and has been able to finish his
tower successfully, because he thus counfdd'
the cost at the beginning. It is a work
which needed to be done, and which must
do good, as exposing in a most masterly;
manner the weakness, the corruption, the
internal discord and the utter rottenness
of the Papal hierarchy, before the era. of.
the Reformation; and as a powerful his-.,
tone justification of that movement. *
“ There is,” says Prof Shedd, in them-,
troduction to his late work on Christian
Doctrine, “ an inexpressible charm in the
biographic monograph, especially when,
passing to it from the severer and graver
portions of dogmatic history. We have
been following the impersonal spirit of ,the
age, the great tendency of the period, anjj
now we come to a single living man and,
a single beating heart. The forces of . the
period play through him, and that which
had begun to' appear somewhat rigid,-
though even impressive'and weighty, is.
now felt to have an intensely human in-,
terest, and a vivid vitality.” "
■ Mr. Gillett has, perhaps, scarcely written.;
in the spirit of-a profound student of the phi
losophy of the history of Christian doc
trine, but we believe he has more
filled the description given byProf. v Shedd
of the appropriate style of such pono
graphs, than either- of . the three '§r ,s)sir
‘fo&tMeM'cfcdcTirf tfie fobfc tfdte.- ?
“ The lights and shadows ' l pWy more
strikingly and variedly, and there is far
more opportunity for vivid sketching, bril
liant description and rapid narration, than
in, those more central parts of the sub
ject, which we have been describing.”
CALVINISM £SD ABMINIANISM IN
The Christian Advocate and Journal of
last week gives prominence to the follow
ing on the relations of various .doctrinal
systems to the work of evangelizing Italy :
But whatever failures some Protestant
denominations may experience ip their
efforts to evangelize the Italians, there
are very evident indications that Metho
dist labors will be eminently fruitful, in
that department of missionary .work. The
secret of our present and prospective
success seems to lie here, that predes.tina
rianism is peculiarly repulsive and obnox-.
ious to the Italian mind. The progress of
the Waldensian movement is hindered by
the drag which Calvinism puts upon its
wheels; while on the other hand, Armi
nian doctrines, when clearly placed before
the people of Italy, seem to stand com
mended to their approval. OiiUi
I may add that the Italians are not
alone in this respect among the nations of
the Continent, though the trait may he
marked with peculiar distinctness in their
case.
While we welcome upon the wide field
of Christian effort every true and zealous
friend of our common Master, and while
we recognize gratefully the extraordinary
services of the Methodist Church in that
field, we cannot let such an assertion pass
unchallenged. Whether facts will bear it
out or not we have no means of knowing;
we should think that the very brief expe
rience of the various systems'as yet tried
in Italy, was insufficient to warrant any
conclusions whatever as to the greater or
less fitness of any, as a permanent instru
mentality. All laborers in this interesting
country express themselves as encouraged.
. But grant the assertion ; it would not
be wonderful if a people saturated with
Jesuit teachings upon the freedom of the
will drawn from PelagiuS, Should cherish
a prejudice against the views once taught
by Augustine, nor that they should find it
easy to fall in with a new creed which, on
that point, approximates their old one.
Nor in general is the doctrine of the divme
sovereignty to be reckoned among the
popular, taking, doctrines of the gospel,
any more than that of depravity aDd the
consequent need of ■ regeneration. Drop
the doctrine of depravity from your creed,
or atleast modify and mitigate it from the
severity of the gospel, and you will render
the creed still less liable to objection on
ITALY.
'the part of unregeherate men. The
‘truth is, the fitness of a creed to the
purposes of evangelization is to be tested,
-not by its repulsiveness to the natural
■man, nor even at first by its success, but
*by- its conformity to the statements and
'•proportions of the Scriptures,
i The doctrine of divine sovereignty may
indeed be repulsive to those who have not
•as : yet thought deeply upon ! religious
; a 'system which ignores or
opposes it may sweep ■ over a' new ’ com
munity rapidly, where a different system
would work its way with slower steps and
■■less immediate encouragement. It may
Ibe that the Arminian body of the Church
•has a call, or is adapted even by its
as well as by its zeal, for a pre
liminary and necessarily superficial work,
a work in itself of little value or promise
Sof permanence, and chiefly serviceable as
preparing the way. for those systems which
appeal to the profounder religious sensi
bilities of men, which grasp the more vital!
and secret elements of scriptural truth, i
•which exercise and strengthen the reflec
tive faculties and which root themselves i
deeply in the habits and characters of |
individuals and the community. i
It is ominous, too, in this connection,
that Methodists are themselves discussing
the causes of the decline of their denomi
nation in the cities. A writer .in one of
their journals, whom we have quoted in
another part of this paper, ascribes the fact,
which he takes for granted, to their system
of removals in the pastoral office. To us,
the itineracy seems but a part .of a system
which is, throughout, in a certain sense,
“without depth of earth.” To prolong the
term of office, will;not avail, unless that
change is accompanied with extension in
the other dimensionof doctrinal depth; We
are inclined to the opinion,, that a change
is going on, in both directions, as to polity
and doctrine simultaneously, in the Metho
dist Church. We believe it would be a
great gajn to*the cause of liberal
iCalyinism should spread 1 clergy
sm( bducateu laity;, of •■<&&.> abfive and
zealous denomination.
Meanwhile, we hold to the opinion that
Clod's truth wielded by his Spirit, is the
best instrument for converting Italy as
well as every other Papal or heathen
nation; and as Calvinism in. our judge
ment is the most scriptural of all systems,
we go for wisely and boldly, pressing its
grand principles upon the minds of men
everywhere.
MOBE NOTICES.
The American Presbyterian. —This
valuable and ably conducted paper, which
represents in the Presbyterian church the
type of theology, anti-slavery and loyalty,
•of- which Dr. Barnes is an - exponent, has
taken the quarto form., It has done good
service in the cause of. .religion and the
country. We wish it increased prosperi
ty.— Vermont Chronicle.
>' -- • ■ ’ '■ ■ : . ... ,•:
t-Amebioan Presbyterian. —The
Amaricanffresbytqrian and Genesee Evan
gelist] published at Philadelphia, comes
out -with the New Year in quarto form,
and- with an enlarged sheet. We are
happy to note this evidence of prosperity.
This is one of our most enterprising reli
gious weeklies, and richly deserves suc
cess. —"Buffalo Advocate.
American Presbyterian.— This valua
ble religious joumal comes to us greatly
enlarged and ■in quarto form. As it has
hitherto been among , the best, so now it
is also among the .largest religious papers
published. —Cumberland Presbyterian.
American Presbyterian. —This excel
leni|paper in the first number of the new
year, makes its appearance in an enlarged
form on a double sheet, and otherwise
much improved. The American Presby
terian/ which is in-the'interest of the Con
stitutional Presbyterian Church, publisher
in Philadelphia, has hitherto . ranked
among the best religious newspapers of
the couptry. Among our exchanges, we
•value this highly. In its enlarged form,
with-an additional.corps of contributors
and correspondents, it will * doubtless be
all that it warmest friends can wish. This
enlargement is made without advancing
the^rice. —Lutheran Observer.
Enlargement.— The American Presby
terian comes to us in a new and enlarged
form. It is now issued as a double sheet,
and presents a greatly improved appear
ance. We wish our cotemporary and
neighbor the success which his industry
and enterprise deserve. Presbyterian,
Philada.
The first number of the New Series is
now exhausted. Orders coming from new
subscribers can be filled only from Number
3 and onward.
The Letter of our London Correspond
ent-'arrived after our columns were full.
It will appear in our next.
Genesee Evangelist, No. 923.
'A dSSsoa op otra bbanoh in
' INDIA. .
We' incite attention to a comniuhifca
tion in another column in regard to a
Presbyterian Church in India. The en
terprise deserves attention at once.
A gentleman known to us offers to sub
scribe |l6o lp four others will put up a
like amount, so as to raise at once $5OO,
to be sent to Mr. Wilder to assist in
building the church. •
Will four of our laymen send their
names to our office at once, so that the
$5OO can be sent out immediately f Who
would not covet the happiness of owning
a share in the First Presbyterian Church,
ofKolapoor, India?
FROM ODE ROCHESTER 00RBES
PONDENT.
Canton, St, Lawrence Co.,
N. Y,, Jan. 21st, 1864.
Dear Editor: —You see by my date
that I am wandering about, over some of
the remoter portions of my field of observa
tion; and yet lam not by any means so near
the north pole as you may imagine. Al
though snug winter weather is prevailing
in this region, yet-it is not extremely cold;
and if we may trust the representations of
sensible people whom we have met, the
climate of northern New York is by no
means so severe as many may suppose.
And still the atmosphere is sufficiently
bracing to make an earnest, active enter
prising and highly prosperous; people;
while the climate is not the best for grain
or fruit. It is rather a grazing country,
and the staples of this region are butter,
and cheese. We have been told of one
man in this small village, who pays out
$200,000 a year, for : a house ;in Boston,
for the purchase of these products of the
dairy alone. And these articles here com
mand a: price almost equal to that which
rules in our great cities ; so are these mat
ters equalized by our. wonderful facUities
for transportation; so is the market
brought to .every man’s door. ~We irt ar<jf
told. Jfehat the farmers, of ,this apj
rich—made so within fiBW years, by. the
iron pathways which eastern and metro
politan capital have built between their
peaceful homes and thpjgreat marts of the
sea board. The fairer is, a friend ,to in
ternal improvements, or else he is nota
friend to his own interests, ; , . f i
: This county contains 88,000 inhabi
tants. It is a patriotic county. ~ Tfae
people are great lovers of liberty, and
firm supporters of the goyernmen. They
are ably represented in congress in the
person of Hon. 0. T. Hulburd, a warm
friend of the government,;and of everything
that is good and true. The county has
furnished nearly 6,000 soldiers for the
armies Of the Union ; and: still the new en
listments are going on freely. Nearly
every town has Already filled its quota,
and all will escape the draft. One veteran;
regiment, the 60th, which bore an honora
ble part in the capture of Lookout Moun
tain, is now home on furlough. r It > has
re-enlisted, and is re-filling its depleted
ranks, to go again to honorable service.
THE ST. LA.WBENCE COUNTY ANNTVEESAHIES.
It may not be known to all the readers
of the Presbyterian, what an admirable
arrangement they have in this region, for
keeping alive and deepening the interest in
all the great causes of benevolence. First,
let it be remembered that St. Lawrence
county is almost as, large as some of the
little kingdoms of the old world. It is
somewhat remote from our great religious
centres, where the May Anniversaries are
held, New York, Boston, and Philadelphia.
The friends of the good causes cannot all
go up to those great festivals, so they'get
up some of their own.
As we write, we are in the midst of
these Anniversaries. They are" movable
feasts,” one year held in one of the larger
villages, and another year in another, so
passing around the county, and leaving a
blessing, it is, believed* wherever they go.
They commence on Tuesday evening, and.
continue through all day Wednesday and
Thursday, , one . session, (morning, after
noon, or evening,), being devoted to each
.one of the great causes of benevolence, re
presented in the local organization bearing
its name. And here is the County Tern
perance Society, the Bible Society, and
Societies for Home Missions, for Foreign
Missions, for Tracts, for Sabbath Schools,
and for the American and Foreign Chris
tian Union, all pleasantly and harmoni
ously holding their anniversaries through
these successive days. Leading citizens
and clergymen are gathered from, all parts
of the county in attendance, Each society
TEHNr.
By mail $2.00 per annum in. *'
“ “ 2.50 11 <l after ->
By carrier 25 cents additional.
CLUBS;
Ten or more papers sent by mail to one
jdnirch or locality, or in the city to one address,
By mail $1.50 per annum.
By carrier 2.00 “
To sa, ve trouble, club subscriptions must com
mence at the same date, must be paid strictly
iu advance a ?d * n °ne remittance, for which
one receipt wi?U be returned.
Ministers ana numstera’ widows supplied at
club rates. . . . , ... ,
Postage, five cenfcd quarterly, to be paid m ad
vance by the subscribe rs a t the office of delivery.
has its own officers, its own reports, and
its speakers; and each o®e seems to be a
live institution, and there ar® live men sus
snstaining them. », 1.
First, on Tuesday evening,, came the
anniversary of the Comity Temperance
Society; appropriately first, as one of the
speakers said, because it is the pioneer
regiment, going forward to,clear the way
for the triumphant march of every other
goodcause. This was a rousing meeting.
The old fires for temperance seemed to be
thoroughly re-kindled; and it was resolved
to attempt at once to employ an'able, and
earnest temperance lecturer to go through
the county. The meeting for the Ameri
can and Foreign Christian Union came off on
Wednesday morning, and was made in
teresting by a very peculiar and striking
address of Rev. Mr. Welsh, an Irishman,
who was a Roman Catholic, and knew
by bitter experience the folly and degrada
tion of that system of false religion from
which this society is rescuing so "many
thousands every year.
At the Anniyersity of the County Bible
Society, Rev. Mr. Miller, of Ogdensbnrg,
gave a brief historic discourse, presenting a
succinct account of the origin and work
of the society. It was organized in 1819,
and has held on its useful way from that
time to this. Hon. John Fine, of Ogdens
burgh, was its first corresponding secre
tary, and has been for many of the late
years the honored, earnest and active pre
sident, Beside paying its surplus funds
-into the treasury of the Parent Society at
New York, this organization has again
and again explored its own territory, and
supplied every destitute family with a
copy of the holy Scriptures. The history
of .its activity, and: usefulness for the five
years of:its existence was alike interesting
and honorable: - The speech of Rev. Dr.
Pearne, one of the agents of the Parent
Sooiety,iat:this meeting, was one of the
mqst. intesting and touching of all the
speejehes we-have listened to imalong time.
.Without seeming; to- .make> ahy special ef
fort; .he has great power overan audience,
and moves themito smiles or team at .his
will. : ; • * ■■■ ' ‘
Of the anniversary of the Home and
Foreign Missionary Societies, and of the
Tract . Society we can net particularly
speak. They were all deeply interesting,
and well attended. In connection with the
first, Rev. G. W. Warner, who has been a
missionary of the Assembly’s Committee
in Colorado, gave some very interesting
facts in regard to the progress of the gos
pel in that new territory ; and in connec
tion with the last, Rev. Mr. Doane, a re
turned missionery from the . island of
Micronesia thrilled and delighted the au
dience with a simple; hut touching narra
tive of the trials and successes of mission
ary labor in these lands.
But the closing meeting, and that which
T was intbndSd, perhaps, tor the best, was in
behalf 6f Sabbath Schools. A great throng
of little ohesj and larger ones, crowded a
large hall, and listened to short and lively
addresses, interspersed with swebt music
by the children, after which a beautiful
collation was served. In this connection,
however, it Was reported that there are
34,000 children in the county, of a suitable
age to attend Sabbath Schools, and only
some 7,000 as yet gathered into these
blessed institutions; but measures are al
ready on foot to employ a Sabbath School
Missionary, to explore all the towns, and
organize schools. It is hoped that the re
ports of next year will show a great im
provement in this direction.
Aninieresiing.revivdl we find in progress
in Stockholm, one of the two neighboring
parishes to which, as we mentioned last
summer, Rev. W. S. Pratt, a recent gra
duate of Auburn Seminary, isnow.preach
ing. His faithful labors are already being
blest by the presence and converting power
of the Holy Spirit. The work seems but
just begun, and -the praying ones are
hoping great results in both the churches
to which this brother ministers. We have
admired, again; the admirable arrangement
by which- thisaminister is settled. Here
are two small churches, at Brasher Falls
aud Stockholm, three miles apart; neither
are able alone, as they suppose, to support
a pastor. But the two combine. Each
one raises $3OO, and besides that, one ge
nerous individual furnishes a very neat and
comfortable house for a parsonage, and so
the minister is admirably settled, happy,
and useful in his labors, preaching one ser
mon in the Sabbath in each of his pulpits.
Other small and contiguous churchesmighfc
well imitate this excellent arrangement.
■■■ '-Genesee.