GENESEE EVANGELIST.—WhoIe No. 777
'Potivg.
RETURN OF TEE EXILED NATION.
They come from the ends of the earth,
White with its aged enowe;
From the bounding breast of the tropic tide
Where the daygleam ever glows,
Front the East, where first they dwelt;
From the North, and the South, and the West,
Where the sun puts on his robe of light,
And lays down his crown to rest.
Out of every land they come—
Where the palm triumphant grows;
Where the vine o'erehadows the roofs and the hills,
And the gulden orange glows.
Where the olive and fig tree thrive,
And the rich pomegranate red;
'Where the oltron blooms, and the apple of ill
Bows down its fragrant head.
From the land where the gems are born
Opal. and emerald bright;
From the waters where the ruddy coral grows,
4.nd pearls with their mellow light.
Where silver and gold are. dug,
And the diamond rivers roll,
And the marble, white as the still moonlight,
Is quarried and jetty coal.
They come with a gladdening shout,
joy;
Mother
come with tears of
Mother nod daughter, youth and maid,
Father and blooming boy.
A thousand dwellings they leave,
Dwellings, but nut their homes;
To them there is none but the sacred soil,
And the land whereto they come.
And the temple again shall be built,
And built as it was cif yore;
And the burden be lift from the heart of the world
And the nations all adore.
Prayers to the throne of heaven,
Morning and eve, shall rise )
And unto, not of, the Lamb
Shall be the sacrifice.
eattomonbort.
`'or the American Presbyterian.
XCOW TO ENJOY LIVE --4 R PHYSIOAL
AND MENTAL HYGIENE.
ADDITIONAL CHAPTERS-CHAPTER VIII.---HEAT
ING AND VENTILATING HOUSES.
DT WM. M. CORNELL ) M. D.
Physicians the Guardians of the Public Health—
Their Gratuity:4i Services—Professor Rand's
Valedictory Address to the Gracluates--Little
Care to Preserve, Much to Regain Lost Health
—Air-Pump Churches— Causeof ,Ccmsumption
and Premature Old Age—Why 'do Women
Grow Old Faster than Nenl—Not Bard Lcc
bor, but Inhaling Impure. Air—lgnorance and
Avarice the Source of 111-ventilated Houses—
Progress /nuking in the Organization .of Sani
tcoy Associations, Lectures, &c..—How Much
the Enjoyment of Life depends upon. a Pure At
mosphere—Mr. Townsend's House.
Those who wish to see my views, as formerly
expressed upon this subject, may find them in
"How to Enjoy Life," pages 283-290; and on
"Sleeping' Rooms," pages 228-231. To all who
have carefully perused those pages, and who fol
low the advice there given, it seems as though to
say anything more would be but a work of su
pererogation. Still, there are a few points upon
which circumstances render it important that more
should be said; and, more especially, because
physicians are, or should be, the special guardians
of the public health. To them the community,
ought to look for all those sanitary measures that
are to prevent disease and secure health and lon
gevity. We have no faith in the following sati
rical lines of the Connecticut poet:
"So doctors live, bat by the dead,
And pray for plagues as daily , bread;
Thank Providence for colds and fevers,
And hold consumptions special favors."
On the contrary, no class of men have done so
much to improve the sanitary condition of the peo
ple, as physicians: and no class, not even the
clergy, which have generally been the poorest
paid, by contract, of all men, save only a , few,
about the "sunny places of Zion," in cities, have
performed so much gratuitous service to "heal the
sick," as they have. Individual cases there may
have been, in the medical profession, who have
neglected the sick poor. But, as a general thing,
this has never been a characteristic of physicians.
Still, we desire to suggest some items in which
this very necessary and useful class may render
yet more good service to the general community.
than they have already done.
From the fact that they are, or al3ould be,,highly
educated wen, they are capable of searching out
the laws of health pertaining to ventilation, and
the principles of worming houses and all other in
habitable buildings. As respects this matter, I
have been peculiarly pleased and gratified with the:
following remarks in the Valedictory Address of
Professor Rand to the late graduating. class in the
"Medical Department of the Pennsylvania Col
lege!' To one, who has. been writing and lecturing
on the subject of health and instructing the young
in the laws of hygiene for a quarter of' a century;
it is peculiarly gratifying to find the learned ?re
fessor using the following language:—" Finally,
gentlemen, you will have much to do: in. correcting
evils of close rooms, both public and priVate. On
first going into a house in which is. assembled a
large party, the senses revolt at the hot and- un
wholesome atmosphere. It is only ,by use, :the
lungs draw in without effort the filthy but invisi=
ble poison: There are hardly a ddzen well-venti=
latcd churches in the country, and many are but
enlarged 'black holes,' Here the congregation
sit, stupefied and depressed from carbonic acid,
taking in the poisonous emanations from the bo
dies of hundreds around. Fever, bronchitis,
pneumonia, consumption, all are the result. Thou
sands of unconscious martyrs have thus gained
their soul's salvation by their body's death!"
Again I say, thanks to Professor Rand for pro
claiming these truths to a class of young physi
cians whose Influence will be vast for the health
and longevity of our race, if they heed and follow
out this good instruction.
Tliougb it but re-eehoes my own views, long
since repeated, yet sorry I am to say there is still
as much need of this advice as ever—and thig
statement opens to us a,very curious question, to
wit—Why will men be so reckless of all that tends
to preserve health, when they are so lavish in ex
penditure to regain it when lost ?
But last evening, an office-patient said—a Doc
iorl if you con cure me of this disease, no sacri
flee of money will be too great to make." This
was spoken with deep feeling, and in the sincerity
of his heart—yet a slight knowledge, even, of the
laws of health, and a few grains of common pru
dence, would have prevented all the trouble. This
also prepares the way for another remark, which
I wish to make to brother physicians, which is—
that, although disease induced through ignorance
or imprudence may help fill our pockets, yet duty
to our fellow-men requires that we shottld warn
them of their danger, and point out, the path of
safety, as done by the Professor above named.
Suppose we take the simple fact above stated as
to the want of ventilatiUn in churches. They are
very much like exhausted air-pumps. The writer
can bear testimony to its truthfulness, and he be-
Neves the statement may be extended with equal
truth to dwelling, court, and school-houses. If
this, be so, what an amount of labor ought to be
perforined by physicians, school .Boards, clergy-
Men, and, all interested in, the well .being of the
young l No marvel that so many of our own
children and young people die of consumption.
Our wives and daughters, also, grow old prema
turely. They lose strength, become pale,vithered,
dingy,: and what is the cause? No doubt, there
are more Causes than one. But, one of the most
prominent is the manner in which we heat our
dwellings, where they are confined. Not one house
in a hundred is properly warmed and ventilated.
Sometimes no provision is made for a proper cir
culation of the air. Sometimes, even where there
is provision for. its circulation, the air is too 'dry;
and, if a good proportion of the poisononkcarbonic
acid gas is removed, still, the air is deprived of its
oxygen by being rendered dry by a dry heat—so
that it fails to purify the blood is it should. Where
this is the ease, - the family, ind,•inore 'especially,
those members of it (our wives and daughters,)
who are confined in the house the larger por
tion of their time, grow old while young—are
morose and unpleasant, in, disposition, and lin.'
healthy in body. No small share of the lung=
diseases, dyspepsia, and nervous affections arise
from the vitiated, stagßant air in our dwellings.
The man, the head of the looks, and is,
comparatively, young; while beside him ; stands
his "better half," wrinkled, pale, shrivelled, skin
dingy, mouth toothless,' (unless the Dentist's art
has supplied the natural deficiency) eyes lustreless,
nerves tremulous r and all presenting at forty the
natural decay of eighty years.
Why this difference? It has been ascribed , by
some to the harder labors of the woman 'over those
of the'man; and that peculiar genius, Oliver Wen
' dall Holmes, in his portrait of an over-worked wo
man, seems to favor such an opinion.
, But I do not believe this is the grand cause—
though the condition of the peer females who sew
for a livelihood in our cities is terrible. Still, even
in their case, I helieve the greater, part of their
evils arises from the little, pent-up, ill-ventilated
attics and. dens in which their poverty and the
Overleapt those whom they enrich compel them: to
live. It is rarely the case that hard labor or, study
wear .out life, impair: health, or induce prema
ture decay,, unless combined with neglect of exec
bad food; aid; especially, breathing an 'im=
pure atmosphere.
Why has not 'this ,evil of ill-ventilated houses,
both public and private, long since been remedied ?
Not, surely, because, the. evil has not been pointed
out—for this haa been often'done. Why, then?
Simply because avarice rules. The Dollar is' the
ruling deity of our age. Most of our dwellings
are erected by builders for speculation. They re-
gard every extra dollar which they expend for
provements upon ati old or a new buildiug so
much lost money. It is only a short time' since,
in conversation with a master builder, a suggestion
was made, to have him introduce a decided im-
provement in warming and ventilating a, block of
dwellings he was then erecting.
"Oh!" said be, "they would neither rent nor
sell for a dollar more, if I were to go' to that extra
expense I" ,
This is the secret.' Men will not pay for that
which will preserve health. Now, what is devoutly
wished is this: that no man would rent or pur=
chase a house which was not constructed upon
the hygienic principlesnf -being properly warmed
and ventilated.
I would go further
,thati this. No man should
be allowed to erect and rent, or sell, to be eecu
pied by human beings,. (nor even for brutes,) a
house not calculated to preserve health, no more
than he should to maintain any other nuisance.
The State, the City, have a proper right to, adopt
such a law; for where health is lest, they often
have to maintain the invalid. It is but the law
of self-defence.
If physicians all, like the one above named,
would'do their duty upon this subject, such houses
as we now find to be rented or sold would remain
unoccupied till they rotted down; while tenants
and purchasers, would pay any price for healthy
houses. This is' hat we want, and expect to see
at no distant day.
We expect this happy' , change, because physi
cians and scientifie men all over the civilized
world are waking up on this subject. It is not
in this City of "brotherly love," and among the
Professors of the Pennsylvania College, only, but,
also, in other places, that a mighty impulse is be
ing given to hygiene in our day. In the city of
Boston a "Sanitary Association" hasrecently been
organised, with Professor John Ware, M. D., for
its President, one of the best physicians in our
land. The "Quarantine and Sanitary Associa
tion"' has, also, been in operation several years.
From England, also, we have the following in a
Lecture delivered by Profe:ssor Lankester, M.
D., F. R.• 5,.: "The want of a free supply of fresh
air in rooms, and the want of getting. rid of car
bonic acid gas from: the house and the lungs, are
the greatest sources of this disease," (consump
tion.)
I add, it is necessary to remain but a short time
in an ill-ventilated room to engender scrofula, the
Tad= of consumption.
Think what an effect inhaling such a polluted
atmosphere must have upon the enjoyment of life!
How it tinges everything with s sombre hue!
How it maguides the little trials so incident to our
mortal existence! How it makes the wife, other
wise pleasant, morose I The child, otherwise with
a smiling face, peevish and fretful; and the hus
band and father, ascetic and tyrannical! It
changes what would otherwise be a house of bril
liant sunshine into a den of gloom and moral
darkness ! I have 'serieus doubts whether a fa
mily can be cheerfal and happy, and come up to
that, full fruition of moral and mental enjoyment,
: EIRAKRIIII,':: - THURRAT,....:::.A.PRIL -. 4 1 .:::186t:
which the Creator designed, when He so wisely,
delicately, and mysteriously tempered the atmo
sphere just, as He has, fox:us to breathe, unless
they breathe it in its purity.
I have recently visited the mansion of Henry
C. Townsend, Esq., - West Philadelphia, on the
Baltimore Pike roadinear Woodland Cemetery. It
contains the' most perfect system for warming, and
the heater appears to
. be a model of perfection.
The amount of coal requiredis small: The at
mosphere, in; any room is , gently bland, moist and
pure; and one feels as though he were in the gen
tle warmth of a moderate summer day. It
will repay any physician who loves sanitary
improvements, and every ean who wishes to.rent
or own a house, to visit and examine its admirable
construction.
For the American . Presbytertan.
j. 'EWING GLASGOW.
MR. EDITOR.—In a recent number you gave
an obituary notice of Mr. J. Ewing Glasgow, a
colored student from this city, who died while
completing his studies with distinguished honor
in' the University of Edinburgh. Please add
the following commendatory testimony that has
since been received from one of his friends, the
Rev. Wash. Beg, a gentleman from India, of
independent means; a Christian' convert from
Mohammedanism; a licentiate of the United
Presbyterian Church ; now-studying medicine in
Ireland. While in . Seotland attending the Uni
versity, 'he Was Introduced , to Mr. Glasgow,
about three years ago. 'And from that time
they kept up an intimate friendship, visited in
each othirelndgings, and walked together in
their summer evening rilmbles.
He says of Mr. Cr.; "I cab. truly say; he was
an Israelite, indeed, in whom was no guile.
His Christianity, to a great extent, was unoli:.
trusive and reticent. Ah I he was a simple,
amiable disciple. He must have been a hard
student; since tie distilt,guished himself in several
literary classes, and 'yet he was never ostenta
tious of his achievements. I never heard him
WhiSper about his prizes. White lads, I know,
envied him, and well they might, for he was
studious and talented. Peace be with thee I
thou departed spirit of friendship, made perfect
in the upper sanctuary; for thott hest now rest:
ed from thy Sorrows, and art commingling thy
joys with those of the spirits of the just, to
whom the blood of sprinkling has spoken the
better things. Vale my derkted friend! 'till
we meet in Immantters land."
This testimony is its ,civri °alimentary. We
have here one of dark Afric hae, capable of
making strides, in learning that excited the
envy,or his white-skinned fellows; and yet not
puffed up by his knowledge. ,And who dare
doubt that'when the colored rac,e , shall have a
fair chance, there will be many alike instance
of the thorough-bred scholar and gentleman
united? Yet this:is the race of whom,itis said
that they are only fit for slavery, and "have no
rights, that the •white man is bound to respect."
Bat, even now Ethiopia is beginning to, stretch
out her hand to, God, and her soul begins to
develop its mental and moral strugglings and
yearnings; and the day is coming, when, dis
enthralled, she , shall fulfil a high destiny.
ILLUSTRATIONS. OF SCRIPTURE:
NO. 1.-4OENESIS.
It is strangely interesting to traceout, amid the
nnitteringi - of pagan and heathenish legend's; the
broken yet evident remains of Scripture prophecy:
Nations which have strayed far away from the
light ,of the word . of God, still bear evidence' in
their histories, that once the truth was with them,
but with a seed - .of eternal' value,- they have assn-
elated the chaff forages.' Severatoriental nations
have
_preserved strange legends which, in frag
ments, are_so nearly alike to portions of the word
of God, as to suggest the ihought that these le
gends and traditions , like-streams froura fountain,
much polluted by passing over_ and .through the
lands, nevertheless, originated from' a pure and
truthful source. -
An author relates that a little more than half
e. century ago, there were yet extant two sculp
tured figures, in, one of the oldest pagodas of the
Hindoos;, one representing Chresshna, who -was
said to hes mediatorial god, ( Vi.slanu) who 'Weenie
flesh as our Saviour did, and he was represented
as trampling upon the crushed head of a serpent.
The other figure represented the same god, with
the same serpent encircling the deity in his folds,
and' biting his heel. We have not been able to
trade the history of these two images, as the wit
floss of them Nies himself unable to do so, (Mau
rice's history of Hindustan, vol. IL pp. 290.)
But there is at least a mystery in the similarity
between this representation' and the assertion in
Gen. iii. Is;' It shall brudie thy head, and thou
shalt bruise his heel." '
It ie said that. Zoroaster, a philosopher and re
former among the Persians, barn 589, B. 0., pre=
dietedthe coming of a man who should'introduce
justice'and religion,_whose influence and purity
should excel all that had gone before. An Ara
bian historian, (Ahulfaragius).born A. D.,-1226,
declares that this Zoroaster " taught the Persians
concerning the manifestations of Christ, and or=
dered them to bring gifts to him in token of their
reverence and submission. He declared that in
the latter days a pure virgin would conceive; and
that.as.soon as the child was born, a stare would
appear, blazing even at noonday with' undiminished
lustre: You, my sons," he exclaimed, "will per,
ceive its rising before, any other nation. As soon
therefore as you shall behold the star, follow , it
wbithersoever it shall lead you, and adore that
mysterious child, offering your gifts to him with
the profoundest Re is the Almighty
Wordothich "Created the heavens." (Cited, by
Hyde, de Relig. vet Pers, G 31)
There-are other well authenticated relies of an
okra literature, so simnel: in parts to what can be
found nowhere else than in the Scripture , that one
is strpngly impressed with the supposition that'all
nations; possessing such legends and traditions,
descended from "a tithe when all the world knew
God's will, and were more or less acquainted with
his word.
it celebrated historian (Berosus) who lived
more than , 300 years before',Christ, has left on re
cord an account of the deluge, &IA by him among
the Babylonian annals, kept with great care.. In
these annals at Babylon, the hiStorrof the prepa
ration for the deluge is much,like to that writ
ten in Genesis. ,But even :so- far back as: that
time, tradition had altered greatly some-"Of ,the
particulars, for in an accoUnkvrhieh Luciani a very
brilliant ;Greek writer gives us,, who lived in the
second century after Christ, we find tbe ark re
puted to,, be ," in length: five • furlongs,: and in
breadth, (too. furlongs 1" ; . Akk ; account; evidently
obtained from some of theßabylonish writers, and
one.which;leada the student j ufhistory 'toAsuppose
very properly, that " the;ark:was` built in Chaldea,
not far,from Babylon!!
These various fragments, , evidently haSed upon
Scripture history, are intereiting, if for IRO other
reason than this, that they, show; that God has not
left himself without a_wituenreven in the 'lista.
rieS of •Many pagan :and:heathen nations.
That the Lord Jesus Christ, in his priestly
character-and work, is the grand object , of this
prophecy, is manifest to- any one acquainted
with'the truth. "fet its e.xelnsive application
,
to Him is obscured by a strange mistake in the
translation at the beginning, Of the Nerse,:--
"Their nobles shill be of themselves.',' The
word rendered nobles is singular in the, origi
nal—their noble one their magnificent one
shall be of themselves; raised up, as,MuSes was,
of his brethren, with whom he took part , in flesh
and blood. (See Acts vii, 37. _Hebrews
"JEsus."—The glorious import of this pre
dons, blessed name, has been obscured by many
commentators and divines, who represent its
meaning as noihing,mOre than, Saviour, where
as it is, literally interpreted, - jelionah, the Sa-
ViOUr . it• is the Grre4form of the Hebrew
name Joshua, or Jehoshua. Accordingly, the
first Joshua, whaled Tqael into the promised
land, is called-Jesus in Heb. iv. 8. . Now we
read, in Numbers xiii. 16, that "Moses called
Oshea, the son of Nun, Jehosh4a." The name
Oshea, signifies a-Saviourl the compound name
jehoshua, Joshua, or (in the' Greek .form)
sus, (given to him no doubt by divine appoint
ment,) signifies, "Jehovah, the Saviour." And
thus did: he :becometa.',more - eminent type of
Hint who is the true Joshua, ..the Captain of
our ealvation,"—Efuntanue/, God with ns.---
(See Matt. i. W. B R
Woodstock, Md.
TUE RELIGIOUS' l*OlifiD ABROAD
From all guar rs e world; intelligence
of active religions movements, accompanied with
the evident presence and power of the Holy
Spirit, is received. Specific revival movements,
on a considerable scale; are not Wanting, as, in
Elberfeld, Germany; though the good work in
progreSs is:in many meg,' as in Italy, wepara4
tory in character'; 'in others, as in England, it
is in the form of aroused and quickened eburch
life, in antagonism to error; . while in Scotland,
a threatened usurpation on the part of the' civil
courts, is providentially operating to 'counter
act divisive tendencies, and to elicit Christian
sympathy between various branches of Christ's
Church on an unusual scale. In_every aspect,
we see proof of an uncommon energy, animating
the Kingdom, of Christ'in our day..
L. C. L.
The Oxford Essays and Reviews. —At length
the Church of England is, thoroughly - aroused
to the serious and perilous character at - this se
ven-fold attack upon the fundamental principles
of revealed religion; issuing, from her own bo
som.• Providentially, the Convocation 'of Can
terbury has met under royal license, - the first
time for nearly a century and a half. Upon the
petition of the' BiShop of Oxford, asking the
Upper House for some legatand judicial'notice
of the.publication, an interesting discussion tirbse
upon the tenets advanced in the volume, and
upon its feveral authors"' 'A similar' petition
was-oftered by the Bishop- of London, ia behalf
of the English - Church Union. He, however,
sought to shield two of thi Writers, who were
his personal friends,—Dr. Temple, of RugbY
School, in particular,--4flim the imputation of
sharing hi elie`More obnexious sentiments of the
other essayists, and thought time should be gilren
them for such a disavowal, "He must say, he
had been pained, and' ashamed orthose who,had,
indulged in the miserable joke that those who
had. writteethe - essays were the Beptem' contra
Christum. It Was totally , uniuited for the' oe
casion, and unworthy of any serious person, who
was - dealing with the characters of their brother
clergy." The Bishop seemed to think that
some of these writers might be able, to "ex
press their positive belief' in thee truthi , to
which their bOok was not unnaturally supposed
to, -be antagonistic,?' though how same; of them
would be able to do ads, he could not say. . The
Bishop of: Oxford, in reply, said that the Bishop
of. London had spoken-.as though it would sa=.
tisfy the church, if those who had put forth those
doctrines„would.put thrth some positive decla
ration as to their .holding of the , whole .truthl,
Xow he (the Bishop of , Oxford);-ventured to
say, that few things could• be more disastrous
than that it should.be supposed that , tiny Of the
bishops' thought that it would be the :slightest
removal of objection to this :volume, if -the
writers, one and . all; made a most solemn asse
veration of holdiugthe:truth. The Bishop 'of
London answered regard to Dr. Temple,
he could not see that that writer , denied, either
positively or by implicatihn, the doctrine; of the
incarnation, the atonement, or Our Lord's as
cension. Separating, as _he , trusted' he Should
always be able to do, the individual from' his
opinions, hoping, perhaps against :hope,: that
the individual might be recovered however far
he might : have gone 'astray, be should indeed
rejoice if an- opportunity were afforded 'to all
the writers, of the essays.to , make a public decla4
ration of their belief- in the great doctrine's of
Christianity-. Several • other, bishops said: that
no, simple;deelaration on the pa,rt-of the writers
would be stifficient. The Bishop of - 'London
added that he. should-not have thought it- ne
cessary to refuse to admit Mr. Pattesoa to the
Oxford Rectorship on acconntTof the Essay he
had written, if-.he had had. the power' stilt° do.
The Archbishop of Canterb'ury agreed With the
language -of the petition, -which-described the
book as full of dangerous:doctrines'. •He said:
"The bishops had, fixed a' day next month
when they would meet the , bishops of the-north
ern province, 'and on that' 'occasion , they hoped
to be-able to decide' ini what'manner , the essays
could be legally dealt with." -
The Lower House of Convocation agreed, by
a very. large vote, to the censure passed upon
it by the Bishops, which we published in our
last issue. It und , several apologists in this
house; namely, Arehdeacons•Grant and Moore,
the. Dean:of Ely, and Mr.-Williams,-OtOxford;
one ofthe 'essayists. -
Forl'M • pgp#1:4 7 4 1 :40 4 .
A OBIT.T,
40-d'
JEREMIA4 . •
ENGLAND
Pervading Religious Interest in, England.,--
correipondent of the N. -Y. Observer thus
ggeneralizes, the existing state .of things la. En-
"A far greater, change Juts come over this coun
try in respect to -religious life during the ten
years I have resided here, than the Christian
world kg ow. Religious, like political, England
inakeS' great ad Vances 'without excitenient. Re
volutions do 'not flourish here. I can :hardly
believe, as:l pass : through,the streets of.l.iondon
day. after day,. observing , m 41 1: parts, east and
west, often from ten to fourteen miles distant
from each other, on posts, in Windows, or car
ried by men on placards, notices of pra.yer-meet
lugs, of preaching, of Scripture readings, and of
:poor-mothers'gatherings at the Bible 7 women's
(more than one .hundred of ,which.,last are
now instituted,) ; that it is the same London it
'was in lBsl'. Though there is nothing here re
'sembling in Outward ldok -your gVeat reviVal' of
1857 7 8, or , theirish revival of 1859-60; yet
am conyineed thap, a, greater or more glorious
?Wort Of the IleMPlirit Englepstnevcr enjoyefi,
than that ihio6pew stirs the masses to their
utmost depth. Nor is the work' contained' to
London. Liverpool, Nailehester, Sheffield, Bir
mingham,.and others Jam ito,iyaN,are sharing
more or less largely in ;tile. blessing.- But greater
than all, the quiet littre — totintry villages and
hamleti are rejoicing in the blesaing.
Thee. tWo , chibt featnras of this blessed work,
seem .to be these, viz.: The preaching of the
gospel byelergymen and laymen in a clear, plain,
and simple wanner, not so much for the increase
of churches, as for thegathering of souls out of
this evil Wbrid 'to Christ; and the reality of the
oneness: of believers and of true. Christian l'ove . .
Conversation:after meetings ~have closed, has
been greatly blessed this •winter. There is a
- mighty faith for" conversation with sinners now
exhibited among bendier* which is producing
its true fruit, the conversion of souls. The gos
pel is felt to be . adapted to the heart, and to tell
a ; man, that Jesus, died for him, is a truth he
cannot be indifferent to., There are no pros
trationg, oftentimes no physical effects at all,
beyond the attentive ear'and the tear-filled eye,
but, the glad tidings seem to -go. with a new
power, a deep sense_ of sin is given, and then a
blessed sight of Jesus, with liberty and joy
through his cross and blood-shedding."
The London, midnight meeting movement
grows in power and ihfluence, and while it is
little, more than a yeansinee. its first efforts, it
has achieved large results. . During that period ;
upwards of five hundred persons have been res
cued froni a life of ,siti. Of this number, more
than one-half are in service, restored to th'eit
families, or married.: A very considerable num
ber of these saved , from temporal ruin, have , been
brought under the profowe, religious awaken
ing, and are serving God. in 'newness of, heart as
well as life.'
SCOTLAND.
An Atterican Student. —ln Dumfriesshire,
and in the 'Upper Ward of Lanarkshire, God
has been working „marvellously by. His
,Spirit.
Mr, Hammond, an American Presbyterian stu
dent of divinity, has been the chief human agent
employed in the work. His pointed 'and' prac
tical addresses in the.town of Damfrieiproduced
a powerful imp,ression. " •
The G . ardrpss Caa e.—A correspondent of
the Conoegaionalist says: "A -resiime'.of-the
main • points Of this celebrated case niaf 1)07 use
ful. A . Free Church-minister, by the name of
AV:Milian was , charged with immoral conduct.
tlis t presbyte,ry found him guilty Of two of the
three charges preferred. *He' appealed to We
Synod, which reversed the decision of the FreYJ
bytery. The "Presbytery now appealed ' to' the
General Assembly—the supreme court of- the
church, which confirmed the qnding, of the Pres
bytery, and suspended . Matillai from the mi
,
nistry. .As he' subsequently invoked, the aid • of
the Civil Court toy restrain'aidAntlinidate the
Assembly, he was, for so doing,,instantly deposed
by the Ecclesiastical Court. - :
"Mr. M'Millan, deeming himself badly
treated, though only visited with the legitimate
consequences of his own doh*, is now seeking
civil reparation' as against certain acts alleged
by him to. be wrong, and the process of law is
now going on. The „Lord Ordinary has„ ruled
that Mr. AP Milian ha,a taken a competetiathirse,
Making it plain thatthe Court of Session claikis
the right, to review church censures,' and to
award damages in consequence of them:',''
Public meetings have been held during , the
month at Paisley, Rothesay-, Aberdeen, Perth,
and other places, in order to expound the princi
ples at issue in the'Cardross'case, and 'to elicit
the expression of sympathy With the'. • Free Chnrch
on the - part of the other Dissenting denomina
tions. The meetings have all been well attended,
and .appear to have fully served , the immediate
, .
abject of their promoters.
- Dr. Bucha,nan, the author of the Ten jean'
Conflict,-has been across. to the- north,of7Tre
land, and ,has - elicited promises of :hearty support
at the large meetings held in' Belfast, Derryy and
Coleraine. - • •
FRANCE
The Emperor and the Pope.—The Bonaparte dy
_
nasty seems to have been raised up ,to be a thorn
in the side of the Pope, and an, instrument of his
humiliation. The policy of the present Emperor,
is to narrow to a minimum the temporal power of
the Pope. It has excited great opposition on the
part of the Frenah clergy, who are 40,000 strong,
ariae&'n ntucli.harrn.
The Bishop of Poioffers has, in a recent Pastoral
letter, in 'no ferry obscure manner compared
poleon to Pilate. His case was immediately taken
ln:hand by tbe government, and 'the minister of
1,6 itit4ibt announced,, on the same day,,that the
Council of "State will "judge of the conduct of a
t'ie6tO who has dared - to employ the, weight .of
bid official anthOrit.y and character in the service
of political "passions.
In. spite of the
,priests, the legislature, are
posed, to sustain the government in the attitude
4•is assuming.. Ou the 7th-. of March, after a
brilliant speech by. Prince Napoleon, the brother
in-law of Victor Emanuel, the Senate,rejeeted,
by a vote of 79, to 60, the,amenduaent, w,bieh 'had
been proposed..to ,the address of that betty,
,iture
ply to the. speech from -the throne, ,and which
amendment, if adopted, would have conipromised
the Senate in favor of the temporal power of the
pope as a principle.
Eroyress of :Protestantism- adinittitl.--From a
sermon ,recently preached •inLyont, - on behalf of
tlie,Treneb, Romanist Society of St. Fianeis de
Sales ; the following• eitraOte:have beeriinade.•
.`• :`Heresy resy is making greattirogrest—frightful pre-
gress!' has journal; money; tertiples; colpor
teursnevnngelists, pastors, hoSpitals, theological
schobls, etc..
..It, is riot, only .in B
Ireland, in el
gin* thati
t is making havoc, but even in Catho
lic Spain;Ttaly, Piedmont. There are Pretestant
temples Ferrara, - Turin, Milan, Florences
13ologna—even Bologna% . has one; and' what is
more horrible, this temple is the ancient chapel of
the great
.Sixtus V., the opponent t - heresy!
ProtestantlatelYboaited; in a religious paper ; ,that
he had left Genova and gone through Piedmont
meeting with frienns• and brethren all , srsni,
' The eerrespotdeht of the, lagt News of the
- Churches says:—
,
"The priesthood of Florence have now begun
in real. earnest a warfare, from the pulpit against
Protestantism. A sermon is preached daily, I be
lieve, in the Church' of San Gaetano, in which
the usual ; misrepresentations of Protestantism are
violently set forth.* Professor Geymonat frequently
goes-there to hear these luenbratious, so as to re
ply to them in his own church., -When he cannot
go,, the Wahlensian students go in his stead, and
take notes. This has given great offence to the
priests, and-setae:Of these creatures mobbed and
attacked two of .the students at the door of the
church on Wednesday last. One was struck se
veral- times, another ; was rescued by thepolice,
who took`him to the refecture, and immediately
iteprisened l idin on the charge
,most false' in his
case) of 'disturbing public worship. He is still in
prison, "as he has not been interrogated by the
Royal` Procurator, though, i week' has nearly
passed away since he was take,n, up.' ;
irext to the most important
city of the newly 'e l matteip , ated 'part . of 'ltaly.
• , tentAl 7.iositinn; the 'Legations'-and
Duchies can.be cenvenientlylvisitekand itoontains
a large-population in itself, who •at present .have
no_ good will to.'the Popeor the .priests. Every
where the tiara and :keys of the Roman Pontiff
had been reineved Ind the cross of Savoy, and arms
of Piedmont; put in their place. It was not a
mere change of- insignia of poser: In the place
of the cruel and haughty hierarchy, who sanc
tioned the abduction of Mortara's boy, and under
whose sway few' but brigands and spies prospered,
there is new established!, a liberal and prudent
government, who has saved the very priests from
massacre, and who extend equal protection to all
classes. The colporteur sells. the Bible openly in
the principal streets. .
The EVangelist Mazarella„ who was appointed
to a profehsorship in the University, by 'the new
government, has been elected recently by the pea
ple, to a seat in the Italian Parliament.
Sheri Jamis , ,n. of :Edinburgh; who• is described
as a very acute observer, and a man of comprehen
sive
_spirit, has visited Italy with, the view of
learning the actual condition of the country, as a
field of evangelical effort. He says, in his report
to the Edinburgh. Bible Society:—
" The greatest obstacle to the truth, is the itifi
dept.:v. of the educated; the prejudices and igno
rance of the humbler desks; the irreligious apathy
and indifference of all."
Besides sustaining the existing, native agencies,
Christians in Great 'Britain and Aiii,erica, in his
opinion, alight to.send some . their best and
ablest young men, as missionaries to Italy. The
cry against foreigners is got up mainly by the
The truth is no people reeeiveforeigners so
gladly as" the Italians .when left to themselves;
0
and wherCforeiomers come as friends.
SWITZE4LAND
Religion in Basle. 1.1 b:. HeUicles preaching.—A
missionary, the Rev. Mr. liebich, who spent many
years in Inifia, came home last year, and began at
once to tell the people who had sent him to rireatli
to the heathen, that many of them were as far
from , conversion as the heathen themselves. The
novelty of4he thing attracted.crowds, and the sin
cerity, of, the teaching
,excited strong opposition.
Some viere.touched others would.hear no longer
andat last 'the pulpits in • most'of 'the churches
were `Closed ag,ainst• him. Ni w, quiet
itvain . .".',lt is, as if the "Christians in Baile, •ex-
Ifausted,by the, magnitude and difficulties of their
missionary, enterprises, had either no time or no
strength left, to make the gospel known to those
Who surround them; a lesson foi• us, surely ; that
"these ought vie to do; and'not"to leave the other
undone."
Ronttinisni Geneva. . — ' Protestant activity has
received an impulse from the census lately taken,
which shows that the number of Roman Catho
lics in the Canton now surpasses that of the Pro
testant inhabitants. Many of the. Romanists, it
is true,
are foreigners, who enjoy no political rights.
But the fact - is a sign Of no doubtful significance.
The tide of •immigratiou is irresistible, and the MO
ment.draws near when the majority of the citizens
will belong. to the Boman Church. Hence the
question forces itself both on the friends and foes
of the separation of Church and State, and soon
it- must be brought .to ; the' stern test of • facts.
What is ; to, be the fate of a Protestant Church,
united to the State, ; when. the political power in
that 'State shall passinto the bands of the Tio
,
Minists?
GER3ratNY
7V9nderful Nomnent ia Meryl , l(l.—A
most remarkable awakening, attended with all The
acute and sudden - phenoniene of the Irish reviial,
has taken placedn the Orphan Home at Elberfeld,
a town of Itheniali Prussia. It seemed to rise out
of the week of prayer.. We quote from a letter
transferred'froni the London Patriot, of'February
21st, to the A‘iday Sehool .Tinzes.
Elberfeld is one of-the most godly districts
Germany, and has been blest with faithful' minis
ters since the- Reformation. During that week
(the first" of the year,) the different denominations
,
inetlor common united prayer.
The Revival began spontaneously with the chil
dren, first' one, and then" anotheri . independently,
being smitten with a piercing sense of sin, accident
ally"Jearning the condition of their neighbors.
Their second prayer'meeting being tumultuous, was
heard by the overseer, Who came directly, fe.eling,
somewhat .irritated let. such disorder, intending at
once to put a stop to it.
.Heentered;—but there his
interterence.ended: Hp, was astonished—Ate. was
,
overwhelmed with awe and Wonder. Ile had never
seen' "such earnestness, 'sdeb' (Tony, depicted: on
•
the himian countenance. Be felt he could` do
nothing, and that God alone could still the tumults:
of the, terrified, conscience. He remained, how
ever, and graduallythe tempest ealnied; hut . not
till they had made a full" confession of all their
sins; even the most secret.
After this; the :movement" grew in power and
violence, being much accelerated hy the *rapid
work of the Spirit,.wAh a boy who bad resisted it,
until the whole house rang. with strange voices,
and the4hole 300 were bent before the presence
olthe'llord like the trees of the forest before the'
stbrni.
The writer is assured from all sides, that one
/Alf of the 300 orphans, and somewhat more than
that hue been brought under deep conviction of
. •
sin, and very many of 'these profess td enjoy per
fect peace Jesas.
During the week, there have been a few re
markable conversions in the city and neighbor
hood, and the breathinn• of the presence and
power of 'God seems to be coming in among the
people. '
Thisstrange work resembles.tbe Irish Revival,
not only in its external aspects, but in the deep
conviction of , sin, exalted view, of GoiVabundant
use of prayer, and, othodox basis of doctrine which
it exhibits. Unlike theltish, hoWever, it waSchieflY
confined , to the wales, aneoriginated with the
CHURCH IN.AITStRALIA
Wspecial irieetirigef the Churelf(ofEtigland) As
sembly, wasTiecentlyheld in Melbourne to consider
the propriety of sFictioning,tbe admission of the
kresbyterian Church of Yictoria into, union with
the'United Church of England and Ireland, in the
manageirient cif the Geelong' GrairiMar School.
The,discussion, which was felt to, involve general
Rrionjoles of importance; lasted three days,. the
motion being in, the end lost
,by a small majority. The ishop .
adfreeated'thepreposed measure ami
spoke 'With mint! 'the' Presbyterian'
VOL. V.---NO. 32.—Whole No. 249.
Church. «He 'regarded the' Presbyterian as a
sister Church, and its ministers as clergymen in
the strictest sense of the tem. They should there.
fore combine as far as the discipline of the Church
of England *Ada allow."---Ncws el the Churches.
Further particqurs of the recent revivals—
The Rev. Duncan Forbes, of the United Pres
byterian Mission at Stirling, Westmoreland, de
scribes the progress of the movement, and its
wonderful effects, in his district.
It seems to have begun in the conversion of a
fallen young woman whose case he narrates, giving
an account pf a most remarkable pi ayer which she
uttered, in regard to which he says :
I felt confounded, surprised, and overwhelmed.
Her petitions,and supplicaZions for her dear minis
ter, and for the success of, his ministry in bring
ing souls to Christ, awed, melted, and subdued me;
I felt theY would be answered, and I trust will never
he forgotten -by me. -• Oh, I could not help crying
out, when that prayer ended, " God grant, young
woman, that , you may go on as you have now be
gun! ph, what may you not do among your sis
ters, Who are now serving the devil, as you have
-hitheito' done!" I left that homely hut, with its
converted inmate, filled with poor sinners, coming
from various quarters to see this great sight, and
-went home under an -awakened influence I little
anticipated. I had been refreshed and strength
ened by that-morning service for five weeks of the
hardest work I have ever yet been called upon to
undertake. The revival had begun. And now I
pretend not to tell.- the numbers who have been
awakened, and prostrated, and taught to pray and
to praise also.
The Rev. Mr. Clark of the English Church,
some -100 yards from my church, at once entered,
heart and hand, into- the work with me, and pro
posed an interchange, or rather that we should
meet the'people alternately in the Stirling Church
and in Trinity Church. Well, I heartily agreed.
On the following morning the fine bell of Trinity
Church sent forth its notes of summons about four
o'clock in,the morning (the time agreed upon, in
order to meet the anxiety of the people,) and in
an incredibly short time the house was quite full
all serious, anxious, awed.
Next morning the .same fine bell tolled for morn
ing prayers for Stirling Church; but, lo ! we found
that it was only half-past three o'clock, A.M.,
and
yet in a few minutes the house was crammed, and
all gaping for the word of life. • And now five
weeks have gone over our heads; and this morning
Stirlinr , Church, at a later hour (by appointment)
-half-past four o'clock—is more crammed than
ever; and by a multitude of persons never seen in
the church before, amj . of whom no one knows
anything • —none being able to tell whence they
have come. It must be from the dark recesses of
our woods and forests, and from . holes and gullies,
where we never could have.found them out!
Although there are some disorder and errors,
mingling with the work, its undoubted good re
sults, upon the moral and general characters of
the people are renewedly testified to, in their last
accounts.
The effects of this outpouring have not been
in a moincritary excitement, but the careless and
worldly-minded, the proud and clever professor bas
become most, truly humble, giving himself to
preaching, teaching, and prayer, and this, not iu
isolated. cases, but generally, so that the heathen
themselves are aroused, and many, observing the
wonderful work . , are coming in and giving them
selves up to Christ, seeing that in his holy name
there is power; and that his Spirit is indeed "God
with us," according to the promise, "Lo, I am with
you always, even, to the eud of the world."—ln
dian. Il'atchrnan.
The following addressby the first General As
sembly of the Presbyterian Church, was presented
to General Geo. Washington three weeks after his
inauguration as President of the United States.
Sir :—The General Assembly of the Presbyterian
Church, in the United States of America, embrace
the earliest - 'opportunity in their power, to testify
the and unfeigned pleasure which they, with
the rest of their fellow-citizens, feel on your appoint
ment to the first office in the nation.
We adore Almighty God, the author of every
perfect gift,' - 'wbo bath- endued you with such a
rare and happy assemblage of talents, as bath ren
dered you ,equally necessary to our country in war
and in peace, •
Your military achievements insured E . afety and
glory:to America, in the late arduous conflict for
freedons; 'your disinterested conduct, and
uniformly just di,scernment of the public interest,
gained you the entire confidence of the people.
And in the present interesting period of public af
fairs, the influence of your personal character
moderates the divisions of political parties, and
prothises a permanent establishment of the civil
government.
, From a retirement more glorious to you than
thrones arid sceptres, you have been called to your
present elevated station, by the voice of a great and
free people; and with a unanimity of suffrage that
has few, if any, examples in history. A man more
ambitious of fame, or less devoted to his country,
would have refused an office in which his honors
could not be augmented, and where they might
possibly be subjected to a reverse.
We are "happy 'that God bath inclined your
heart. to give yourself once more- to the public;
and we derive a, favorable presage of the event
from the zeal of all classes of the people, and their
confidene.e in your virtnes, as well as from
,the
knowledge and dignity with which the federal
councils are filled. .I§atiwe derive a presage even
more flattering from the piety of your character.
Public virtue is the most certain,mcans of public
felicity, and,religicin is the surest basis of virtue.
We, therefore, esteem it a peculiar happiness tu
behold in our Chief Magistrate a steady, uniform,
avowed • friend of- the Christian religion; who has
commenced his administration in rational and ex
alted sentiments. of piety, and who in his private
conduct, adorns the doctrines of the gospel of
Chris 4 arid - on the most public and solemn occa
sions devoutly acknowledges the government of
Divine Providence.
nine example' of distinguished characters will
ever, possess 'a powerful , and extensive influence on
the 'public mind; and When we see, in such a con
spicuous station, the amiable example of piety to
GM, of benevolence to man, and of a pure and
virtuous patriotism, we naturally hope that it wilL
diffuse its - influenee, , and that eventually the most
happy consequences, will result from it. To the
force of imitation we will , endeavor to add the
wholesome inS:tincliena of religion. We shall con
sider ourselves'aS doi'ng an acceptable service to
you in, our, profession, when we contribute to ren
dermen sober,, honest, and industrious citizens,
and•the obedient , subjects of a lawful government.
In these finins labors, we hope to imitate the most
viortbvof our brethren of other Christian denomi
niitions,•and to be imitated by them; assured, that
if We can, by mutual and generous emulation, pro
mote truth and virtue, we shall render essential
service to the Republic; we shall receive encou
rauernent from eiery wise and good citizen; and
above c all, Meet the : approbation of our Divine blas
ter
We pray Alreighty God to have you always
in his holy keeping. May he prolong your valu
able life, an ornament and- a blessing to your coun
try; and at last bestow on'you the glorious reward
of , alaithful servant.-
Signed- by order. of the General Assembly.
JOHN. ODD RS, ,Moderator
Philadelgiia, May 26, 1789.
JAMAICA
THE REVIVAL IN TINEVELLY
FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY.
1789.
ADDRESS TO WASHINGTON.