GENESEE EVANGELIST.—WhoIe No. 756
G ~ ~~x~.
or the American Presbyterian.
"IN CHRIST."
We laid her down to summer rest—
Soft dews of healing o'er her fell—
The eyes thnt loved her watched her well,
As sank that sunset down the west.
Did no strange thrill our pulses stir?
Whispered no fear with chilling breath?
Nur felt we that the Angel Death,
Silent and awful watched with herl
Stately and calm above us then
The gates were opened—straight we knew,
Our friend was passing softly through:
She came not bull to us again.
While those afar who loved her beet,
Were saying, "Lo, the Spirit eaith,
To those 'in Christ' THERE IS NO DELSEII"
She sank as sunset down the west.
Mossgiel, Penna.
govysopottifintrit.
For the .Amerlean Presbyterian.
PROM OUR CHICAGO CORRESPONDENT.
DEAR PRESBYTERIAN,—►Since I last wrote, our
Western Synods have held their meetings, as you
have ere this becctme aware. My own attendance
extended to two of them, both in one state. I
went first to the
SYNOD OF ILLINOIS.
I am not to give you the proceedings, but to
notice some things brought to mind by the fact of
my going there. The Synod met at Carlinville,
forty miles south of Springfield, on the Chicago
and St. Louis Road. Carlinville is an old town,
with a Kentucky basis, on which a Yankee ele
ment is grafted. It is now growing, and assuming
a modern appearance and tone. Our seminary—
Blackburn Theological—is located there. Per
haps, you remember how, and by what history, it
Is in our bands. If not, I cannot stop to tell you.
But my ideas of its location and future use have
been much changed by a visit to the place. lam
convinced that it is a great investment for the fu
ture of our Zion. It is well located. It will ac
commodate all that central belt, joining the terri
tory of lowa on the east to, nobody knows how
far, west. Central and Western Illinois, where
this branch of the church hos its future, will find
this the instrumentality of a ministry, if the se
minary is taken oare of. It has at present a nice
building, on a beautiful spot of ground, out of the
village, yet near by, where there is now a prepa
ratory school.
The attendance at the Synod was small; yet it
has many good men, who were present. The bu
siness is done in this body in a much more Pres
byterial sort of way, than in that of Peoria; and
it takes correspondingly longer to do it, and it is
liable to be Jmperfectly done. As the body gets
larger, it will be forced to change in this respect
somewhat. A synod I take to be a sort of half-way
house between the Presbytery and the General
Assembly. It should- have corresponding accom
modations.
SPRINt3FIELD, THE HOME OF MR. LINCOLN.
I was obliged to spend a day in this city, wait
ing the train. It is a neat town, and the home of
Mr. Lincoln, destined to be, as it seems, the next
President: In sauntering over the town, I passed
tiis house, and as I had seen several descriptions
of it, I took a little notice in order to test their
correctness, and, as usual, not one of them which
I have seen is correct. The house stands on the
corner of Eighth and Jackson streets. It is a
two story building of wood, of a neutral brown
color, with a slight tinge of red—apparently an
imitation of the brown freestone of New York.
The front door is in the centre, and on it is the
name of the owner, The house is very tasteful in
appearance, being bracketed with a heavy cornice,
and havibg an agreeable home-like look. But it
does not stand, as so often said, front with the
street. It is set back, perhaps, eight-. feet, and
lips a grass plat in the front, without shrubbery;
for which there is little room.
A little after passing the house, where I saw
hie little boy at play, I met the candidate himself,
going ,home to dinner. As we turned the corner,
we were face to face. I was glad to meet him;
and as he seemed to expect that I would speak to
him,—taking it for granted, I suppose, that all
Strangers desire that,—l did speak to him. He
wined very cordial, and asked me to call at his
home; but as I am not a politician, and bad no
business with him, I told him that I only desired
to look at, and take by the hand, the man likely
to be President.
He has a curious way of shaking hands. It
is a regular pump-handle shake, but with a very
loose joint in it at the wrist. He is a good-look
ing man in the street, notwithstanding some of
the awful prints of the early part of the campaign.
Mrs. Lincoln is a member of the Old School Pres
byterian Church; but Mt. Lincoln is seldom at
church, lam told. He wits probably not hrought
up to church-going. It is hoped that be will now
mend his ways in that regard.
JACKSONVILLE
I spent a day, also, at this place. It is the
most beautiful town, doubtless, in Illinois. In
the ten years since I saw it, it has spread out:
new buildings have been erected; gardens ma
tured; hedges grown; and in divers ways it has
been perfected. The blaclura Hedge, so common
in Central Illinois, is in its glory here, and iflo
thing of beauty.
Jacksonville has two colleges, Minois and the
Berean, or Campbellite Institution. This latter
is now closed, the President having turned Evan
gelical; and so Alexander Campbell's foot is on
it. I learn that quite a schism exists in that body.
Illinois College is a Union Institution of the
old co-operative sort, and is now in good plight.
The trustees and the faculty are harmonious. It
has seventy students, besides its preparatory list.
On our side of the house are Professors Sanders
and Nutting. I called at the college, and was
present at morning prayers, and at President Stur
tevant's recitations in Whateley's Logic. The
class consisted of fifteen, among whom I noticed a
son of Professor Post, of St. Louis, and one of
Jacob Strewn, the "Napoleon of the cattle." The
old gentleman thinks small of "book larnin' ;" but
his sons prefer an easier road than that by which
he got up.
The STATE ASYLUM'S, namely, those of the
blind, the deaf and dumb, and the insane, are a
feature of Jacksonville. That of the insane is a
splendid institution. It is a large pile of building,
with a farm attached, and excellently managed
,by Dr. M'Farland, the Principal. We rode up
their splendid gravel road, bordered with flowers
on each side, for half a mile, to the building.
Two of the inmates only were visible to us in pass
ing, for we did not go in. These were orators who
were addressing their audiences, one on the steps,
the other from his grated window. The latter was
the more eloquent. I caught his closing sentences,
as he asked passionately: "Where are you now?
Echo answers, Where?"
Perhaps you are aware that there has been dif
ficulty in the New School Presbyterian Church;
at Jacksonville, and the result has been a division
—a section going off, antioganiziti;A„ with
the title of the Westminster Church. ,`:y ;itve
built them a neat - honse of worspp, and called a
minister, Rev. D. H. Hamilton, late of * New Ha
ven, Conn., who has accepted, and will soon be
es4.the ground..., The church is strong as respects
property *id life character of its membership.
Prnf. Sanders is conbeted with it.
CONVENTIONS, ETO.
We have had of :late two Conventtons..worth a
moment's notice. TalUniversaliste have recent
ly held their Annual Assemblage hake. I attended
one of' their preaching services, and 'Mud - a very
curious sermon, indeed. The spealfeiNves an elo
quent man. Indeed, in the power to put his
thoughts squarely and emphatically down, I have
seldom heard his equal anywhere. His gospel,
however, as near: as I. k uld gather, was that of
Theodore Parker... I ed a marvel at first hayr
a man could go On, ati. carry yoli along, without
giving you any practical chance to get off, and yet
leave you sensible all the time that you are off the
track. It seemed to be like thetW in places,
and yet it lacked the tone.and col+okthe gospels
In fact, I suspect it was only "another gospel."
The Convention held a "prayer-meeting" each
morning. A clerical friend,who attended described
it Is very peculiar. 4short kind of a prayer was
offered at the beginning, and the people were/dis
missed with a benedictory sort of prayer at the
end ; and that was all' the attempt at praying
there was. In fact, it seemed to be a prayer- te r
meeting with the praying left out. The time was
taken up in talking, which was quite miscellaneous,
and not wholly confined to one speaker at a time.
How can people, who have not learned to pray,
Iwo a prayer-meeting? I do not say that no
Universalist knows how to pray, but so far as I
can gather, the ministry of that sect are wholly
Parkerites, or if not that, Pantheists, or something
of the like. I should as soon' think of having a
prayer-meeting of the reaping-machines at an agri
cultural fair.
The Western Pract Agency has held its meeting
here of late. It is the first Annual Meeting since
its organization. You are aware that it was an
attempt to unite the Boston and the Cincinnati
societies. That attempt has failed, and the two
are now divided. When Cincinnati and Boston
go together, I shall think the good time coming'
is pretty near by. The receipts of the agency, in
cluding the $6OO paid at Boston for the agents'
support, have been about $2,100, and the expenses,
$2,247. The sales of their depository have been
about $l,lOO. The sale of a private book-store
of the Boston Society's publications, has been
equal, within about $lOO.
So far as we can judge, the operations of these
diverse societies confuse the public mind, and are
in no particular an improvement on the state of
things here, before the American Tract Society
lost its hold on the Independents. Well, we will
build up our Publication Scheme in the mean time,
while they settle all the differences between twee
dle-dee anu tweedie-dum.'
LIND UNIVERSITY
Through the efforts of the agent of this enter
prise, Rev. L. H. Loss, the first endowment of a
Professorship in the Theological department has
been filled up. This secures two Professorships,
Mr. Lind giving the other. The endeavor will
now be made to elect professors, and organize the
institution,
Mr. Loss has unusual qualifications for this kind
of work, and has toiled hard during these hard
times at this object. Indeed, this outside work
is pretty uniformly hard work, and the church
does not appreciate it as it' ought. A man who
leaves the pastoral office to discharge trusts of this
sort, practises a great self-denial, and gets no
compensation for his sacrifices, other than his con
science and hls Master afford him.
Chicago, October 27th, 1860.
for the American Presbyterian.
TEMPER.
Good temper is like a sunny day,—it sheds a
brightness over everything. It is the sweetener
of toil, and the soother of disquietude. Every
day brings its burden. The husband goes forth
in the morning to his professional studies and pur
suits; he cannot foresee what trial he may en
counter—what failure of hopes, of friendships, or
of prospects, may meet him before he returns to
his home; but if he can anticipate there the beam
ing and hopeful' suiile, and the soothing attention,
be feels that his cross, whatever it might be, will
be lightened, and that his domestic happiness is
still secure. It is the interest, therefore, as well
as the duty of a woman to cultivate good temper,
and to have fore'ver ready some word or look of
cheerfulness, of encouragement, or at least of sym
pathy. A really feeling heart will dictate the
conduct which o will be most acceptable—will teach
the delicacy which times a kindness, as well as
renders it, and forbears all officious attentions,
while it ever evinces a readiness to oblige. It
need scarcely be said that this temper is of more
value than many more brilliant endowments; that
it is among the first recommendations to a woman
in every domestic relation, and that, especially, in
that tie which, though the nearest on earth, is not
one of kindred, it is assuredly the most effectual
cement of affection. It is not, indeed, so much
a means of attracting or exciting love, as it is of
securing it. In fact it is scarcely known until fa
miliarity draws aside the veil of social restraint,
and the character, with its real faults and virtues,
is unfolded in the privacy of home.
For the American Presbyterian.
THE MONUMENTS TO FATHER OSBORN
AND MR. CHANDLER.
Philadelphia, October 26, 1860.
MR. .EDITOR:—May I ask the opportunity of
correcting an historical error in the reported speech
of Dr. Brainerd at, the inauguration of the monu
ment to the Rev. George Chandler. It is justice,
due to a large community, the friends of the late
Father Osborn.
The writer was one of a committee to make ar
rangements, from the very incipiency of the move
ment, for the erection of a monument to that ve
nerable man, and desires to call attention to- the
remarks of the Doctor, when he says, "the occa
sion is nevi,. Have I failed in observation ? Do
I betray such failure when I say that here is an
object which would be new to every clergyman
in our land, and perhaps in the world? Affection
often erects monuments for the lost and gone; con
gregationt and denominations have thus marked
their estimate of distinguished men among them,
but has it ever happened in our own or in any
land, that a monument has been' erected by an en
tire community, by men of classes and all de
nominations, and no denoinination, to testify their
high estimate of one who was riteply a minister of
God?" A little further on in Dr. Brainerd's re
marks, he asks, "But where has marble ever be
foorderihnez,ta,sked to preserve the Amory of simple
og
To all theseinquiries we answer, they are appli
cable to what was dene`by a community in the
erection of a monument to good old Father Osborn:
In . the erection of this monument to Father Os
bern, August 24th, 1858, a number of the friends
were in a different ecclesiastical connexion. Promi
nent 'were Judge Elmer and Hon. John T. Nixon.
The different committees were appointed on an
invitation that had been given to - the whole corn
unity; this will appear by the public notice givers
in 4 2papers of the county. The committees ap
4or ecii to collect the money, so far as I know, did
Ant restrict themselves Oa the particular church
:with which Father Osborn was connected. In
the published history of Father Osborn, page 102,
we find the following notice : " The following, as
far as recollected, are the clergy who occupied the
platform : the Rev. Messrs. James Boggs and C.
F. Diver, resident pastors, with the supervision of
• the exercises; Rev. John 9.. Annin, also a resi
dent pastor, Rev. George W. Janvier, of Pitta
grove, the ' patriarch of the Presbytery of West
Jersey, and Rev. Messrs. S. B. Jones, D. D., G.
W. Cattail, and I. W. Hubbard, pastors in the
same Presbytery; Rev. Messrs. Challis and Ken
nard, of the Baptist Church, and Hug'and Duf
field, of the Methodist, all of Cumberland County.
From without the State, the venerable
Neill, D D., of the Second, Rev. B. B. Hotchkin,
of the Third, and Rev. Dr. Converse, of the Fourth
Presbytery of Philadelphia, and Rev. N. C. Burt,
of the Presbytery of Baltimore.:''
Thus were manifested the sympathy and interest
of the whole community far and near, for one that
had been a pastor for fifty-five years, and had at
tained to his hundredth year, living and dying in
an extreme old age, respected and beloved as an
example of the power of a good life. We are glad
of the manifestation of interest by the good people
of Kensington in the erection of a monument to
one whom we greatly loved, and they will rejoice
with us in the interest manifested to two such good
men as Father Osborn, of Fairfield, N. J., and
Father Chandler, of Kensington, Pa. It is surely
so with many in FAIRFIELD.
For the American Presbyterian.
THE WEEK OF PRAYER.
CIRCULAR OF THE CALCUTTA CONFERENCE
" To all that in every place call upon the name of Je.
sus Christ, our. Lord, both theirs and ours: grace be
unto you, and peace, from God our Father, and fr'om
the Lord Jesus Christ,"
_ Beloved Brethren,—A. suggestion from a distant
lend has reached this Conference, which, ior the
last thirty years, has " endeavored to keep the
unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace," amonc ,
all evangelical laborers in this, part of India, to the
effect, that we should venture (in imitation of our
dear and faithful fellow-workers at Lodiana last
year) to invite the churches of our Lord and Sa
viour to join in a special service of prayer and sup
plication with thanksgiving at the commencement
of 1861.
We should have welcomed such an invitation
from others, but as it has been requested by some
whom we love and honor in the Lord, that it should
be issued by us, we desire, in humility, to make
the proposal, leaving the result with Him, "of
whom, through whom, and to whom are all things."
The " signs of the times" in which our lot is
cast,—the wonderful openings for the Gospel in
China, Japan, and Central Africa,--the restora
tion o - peace to India,—the remarkable move
ments in Italy and Turkey, the seats respectively
of the Western and the Eastern Anti-Christian
tyrannies,—the stirrings in many places among the
scattered remnants of Israel, " beloved for the fa
thers' sake,"—the blessed and glorious revivals of
religion iri,the United States of America, in Great
-Britain and--Irela-nri,- in -8 weden - a - Lid WI - or liar t.. - of
the continent of Europe,—have all combined in
creating, in many hearts, the joyful hope of the
gracious Lord's speedily accomplishing mighty
works for the glory of his own great name.
At "such times as this," it becomes His people
devoutly to remember that " His ways are higher
than their ways, and His thoughts than their
thoughts;" to stir up themselves in faith to mani
fest before the world, their lively concurrence in
the development of His designs and purposes, and
to look for their full and final consummation in the
sure and speedy fulfilment of all His promises.
But, "for these things Fie will be inquired of"
by His believing people; and especially He will
honor and answer fervent, united, Peniel-like pray
er. Yet that prayer must be accompanied with
lowly prostration and deep humility of soul, for
we are " not worthy of the least of His mercies;"
with heartfelt confession of sin --all sin, private
and public, special and general, secret as well as
presumptuous, our personal or individual sins, our
sins as families, our sins as nations, our sins as
churches; and with ardent thanksgivings for past
long-suffering patience, faithfulness and love, amid
all our uegligence and indifference, our forgetful
ness and ingratitude, our provocations and affronts.
Besides special subjects of prayer, which may
be suggested by local events or peculiar' passing
emergencies, there are certain great outstanding
topics which will readily present themselves to all
who are waiting for the full answer to the petition,
"Thy kingdom come, thy will be done on earth,
as it is in heaven;" the outpouring of the Holy
Spirit on all its teachers and ministers of the gos
pel in nominally Christian lands, on all evangeli
cal missions and missionaries among the heathen,
and on the circulation of the Bible, the inde
structible word of the living God, with all books
and tracts that are fraught with its spirit and its
truth, on all means and agencies that have been
instituted for the saving instruction of the youno.,
for the revival of true religion in individuals, fa
milies, and communities, "professing godliness,"
and for the evangelization of the sunken masses that
G. I.
PHILADELPHIA, :i'fIiMPO,:...AOYEIN.UR ..B',. 1860.
live without, God and withmit Chiist, amid a multi
plied exhibition of the ordiminces of 'gospel graee
and salvation; and, finally, pn the varied instru
mentalities that are employed for the destruction
and downfall of the gigantic systems of pagan
idolatry and superstition ) oAnti-Christian error
and delusion and for theOteaporaneous conver
sion of Israel the Gentile nations, all of which,
in the vast aggregate of
,tl4ir transcendent issues
and outgoings, sail cause , } .the glory of the Lord
to be revealed, that, all fleslt may see it together,
as the mouth of the Lord lath spoken."
In these and such like exiicises of devotion, we
humbly, yet fervently, desire' to join with all. that
"fear the Lord, and speakyten one to another,"
in every land; and, in order that the union may
i
be general; we send forth t is timely notice, ear
nestly beseechink that no unworthiness on our part
may prevent any of his people from agreeing with
us in this proposed season of.,prayer and supplica
tion on each alky from the Ist of January, 1861,
to the 7th ineltsiVe., .[The lime has since been
changed to the'iiCk'extetiditig from the Bth to
the 14th, inclusive.] ' i •
And " God be merciful unto us and bless ns;
and cause his.face to shine t upon us: that thy way
may be known upon earth,] and thy saving health
among all nations. Let tbe people praise thee, 0
God; let all the people tfaise thee.. 0 let ,the
nations be glad and sing for joy; for thou shalt
judge the people righteotut, and govern the na
tions upon earth. Let th,; people praise thee, 0
God; let all the people p ise thee. Then shall
the earth yield her increa e; and God, even our
Own God, shall bless us. I oil hall bless us; and
all the ends of the earth s :11Vear him."
"Even so, come, Lord. Jesus; come quickly.
Amen."
Signed by authority, an on behalf of the Cal
cutta Missionary Couferen ,
ALEicANDEIp "DUFF, a/airman.
D. EWAIIT I Secretary.
Calcutta, July, 1860. 1
1
RELIGIOUS LIFE AN LITERATURE IN
- ENGL ND.
/
Rev. Dr. M'Cosb, of elfast, has presented
this subject in a paper wllicii4s thus spoken of
t.
by the London correspondent of tile Presbyte
rian Banner: ' , i ' '
The present English a pecteof religious-life
literature, are admiia
bly brought up in a
recent paper y the Rev., Dr, .I.ll'Cosh, of Bel
fast- It forms one of a ,eries of intercommu
nications between English and German divines,
and ;the idea of which bad its origin with the
Evangelical Alliance. lidescribed, in a farmer
communication, a meetink at Lord Calthorpe's,
where a letter was read', from Dr. Dorner, of
Gii.ttinF,en, on the state of religion in Germany,
especially on the state oI religious opinion in
Germany. A similar paper is expected soon to
appear from Dr. Lechler, of Leipzig, on the
Tubingen School of Criticism.
Dr. Nl'Cosh's paper, i 0 like manner, is likely
to appear in a translated' form in Germany. It
was especially designed to call attention in Ger
many to the important work of Dr. Mansel, on
"The Limits of Religious Thought." But it
branches out into a great many particulars, and
gives a most graphic and comprehensive view
Of the good ap e d evil in the gOint aspects . of
Efigllsh opiins and life. - Ile iNtiees in
the outset that there are "two great movements
going on simultaneously, one in behalf of living
Christianity, and the other against it." The
first is the rapid increase of religious feeling,
chiefly among the masses, but affecting also the
middle and upper classes. lie finds the indices
of this movement in the ministry of Mr. Spur
geon, and in the revival in Ulster. "There
never was, in any country," (and the man who
writes this is very deliberate in what he writes
always,) "or in any age, a deeper interest taken
in the things which concern the salvation of the
soul. * * The spiritual feeling, if not spread
ing so rapidly, is thoroughly standing the test
of time, and becoming deeper and more stead
fast." Dr. M'Cosh notices the spread of a kin
dred movement in England and Scotland, and
emphatically adds:
"It is to this feature of our country that the
German Churches should, in my opinion, look
with deepest interest. In respect of scholar
ship, our theologians are generally inferior to
those of Germany. But it appears to me that
the good men of the German - Church should be
laboring tind praying to havea revival of reli•
gion among the people, similar to those with
which the Lord has been blessing these king
doms."
He also meets a possilile objection that this
movement may be detriniental to pastoral au
thority and character, by affirming that minis
ters are specially honored in those districts vi
sited by the revival. He' also hints that, as in
the popular preaching of the word, we have "a
very extensive popular religions, literature,"
that this is needed in. Germany, where books
are chiefly written for the learned. He refers
to Prize Essays on the Sabbath question, and
on Infidelity, and to their popular religious se
rials, which are eagerly read by hundreds of
thousands of families, scattered over the whole
of Great Britain and many districts of Ireland,
and with the happiest effects on the intelligence
and religion of the population.
The second aspect of affairs as to religion,
is "a very strong anti-Christian combination,
scarcely noticed by the religious public, who
live in a totally different atmosphere." He
justly indicates the Westminster Review as the
organ of this combination, and full , of peril,
taking advantage of its, wide circulation "to
instil a spirit of doubt into, the souls of the youth
of our land. In nearly every number there is
an article attacking some fundamental truth of
natural or revealed religion, or some cherished
work or conviction of Christians. It is careful
to give a summary of all that is advanced against
the Scriptures by infidels in Germany, or this
country, and takes care never to inform its read
ers that these objections have been answered.
* * They perseveringly repeat all that has
been advanced by the school of Tubingen
against the authenticity and inspiration of
Scripture, while they give no account of the re
plies of the great theologians of Germany."
Reference is also made to the National Re
view, "the organ of the - advanced Unitarian
party." Though shrinking from the horrid in
fidelity of the Westminster, it is quite willing
to admit articles attacking the inspiration and
historical accuracy of the Scriptures.
The Negative School also receive special no-.
tice, especially the writings of "certain clergy
men of the Church of England," most of them
connected.with Oxford. The Commentaries of
Jowett, the Treatises on the Unity of Nature,
by Professor Powell, (lately deceased,) and a
volume of. Essays, to which these two and other
Oxford men are contributors, are all "tending
toward Deism, as certainly as the critical and
philosophic speculations of the German Ration
alists of the last century did, and must issue, lo
gically and historically, in a system of complete
religious negation, analogous to, though not
identified with, that of Strauss and Peuerbach
in Germany."
In this connexion I may refer to the recent
presentation to a West-End living of the noto
rious Mr. Maurice, who was removed from a
professorship in King's. College, London, for his
negative theology views. He I temained, how
ever, a clergyman, and as chaplain at Lincoln's
Inn, he has continued to propagate bis views.
His recent promotion was owing to the sympa
thy and favor with which he was regarded by
the Right Hon. W. Cowper, M. P., step-son to
Lord Palmerston, and Commissioner of the
Board of Works. Fifty-four evangelical clergy
men addressed a solemn protest to the Bishop
of London, who "kept never minding," and
took no steps to hinder his induction. Then
Maurice's friends got up a letter of semi-condo
lence and congratulation, signed by many emi
nent persons who, "widely differing from one
another in religions sentiments," agreed to re-,
joice together on his account. Among these
was Lord Cornwall Lewis, our Vome Secretary,
and worse and .more ominous dl, a number of
the head masters of our publi hools, including
that of Rugby. Surely it is very, alarmiiig, that
a man who denies the judicial character of- sin; l l
the guiltiness of sin, the necessity of an atoning I
sacrifice, and who believes that all men are born
in Christ, and have only to be convinced of God's
fatherhood to be reconciled to himptiould find
abettors like this. Is not this "deteCtable neu- 1
trality ?" May not the chorales well be alarmed ?
The British Quarterly Revh, representing
the more Evangelical Nonconform"i"sts; the Quar
terly Review, a literary organ of the Church of
England Conservatives;
the North British Re
view,
largely supported by Scottish Presbyte
rians; the London ReView, conducted by the.
Methodists; and the Eclectic, another organ of
the Nonconformists—all from time to time pre
sent articles, of ability in opposition to the ne
gative and the more openly. infidel views.
Dr. M'Cosh refers to "The Intuitionalists"
party, who, while they profess a sincere reve
rence for.the Bible, "are seeking to overwhelm
it with foreign elements," and whose views have
found some little acceptance among a few of the
Independent ministers of England, but their
chief seat is among the young men of Oxford
and Cambridge. He refers to the idea of a dis
tinguished German divine, who supposed that
high churchism in Oxford would be an effectual
bar to Rationalism in England. "He never
committed so great a blunder. The reaction
against Medimvalism is Intuitionalism. Pusey
ism has only middle-aged men on its side. It
would be difficult' to find, in Oxford, a young
man of high ability who is a fervent Puseyite."
Finally, Dr. M'Cosh gives an admirable ana
lysis of Manpel's work, "The e Limits of Reli
gious Thought," as "the most powerful oppo
nent of the new Oxford school, and of the views
of the Saturday Review, of young Oxford and
Cambridge," He also refers to Maurice's re
ply to it in a set of sermons, "What is Revela
tion ?" and to Mansel's rejoinders. But I have
given this summary in order that your clerical
and lay readers may see clearly our peculiar
position at the present time, as respects new
perils threatening our holy faith.
PROBABLE .RESULT OF THE FALL OF
THE POPE
It is very likely that immediately after any ad
versity should befall the Pope, whether humilia-.
ticiti or exile - ,
.the fervent devotion of Catholics
would inerease. I . For a time he might exercise . •6. -
greater influence than ever over the_pious through
out Europe. is very, likely, too, that, for cen
turies to come,
.some dreamy doctrine of the " in
fallibility of .the pope" would haunt the minds of
scattered sectaries, whoweuldleol‘with contemut
on all the - national churches wtilf; . in the course
of those centuries, bad sprung up. Do not the
Parsees hold their ground to this very day? Does
not some traveller tell us of three -wise men who
met in the - ruins of Baalbec to kindle a sacred fire,,
and perform some annual rite? These wise men
were persuaded that, if this lire were not annually
kindled, the world would cease to exist. What
we venture with confidence to-predict is this, that
if the Pope' is the subject of the King of Italy,
he will not long be - the head of the. Church. of
France. France, and other Chrietian monarchies,
will acknowlede.e no higher ecclesiastical function
ary than their own bishop or archbishop. If the.
Pope should emigrate into France, other govern
ments would be equally slow to receive him as the
head of their own ecclesiastical establishments. It
is not necessary to argue - this point. The mere
statement of the case must bring conviction,, we
think, to every man who is at all accustomed to
reflect on the springs of human action. If two
Europe - an nations are rivals of each other in poWer,
and wealth and knowledge r =in everything that
constitutes national greatness,--neither would ac
cept the high-priest of the other as the head of
its own clergy.
This division of the . universal - church into . so
Many national churches, does not imply necessa- .
rily the advance of Protestantism, but itinevitably
entails a 'diminution of the ecclesiastical
,poWer.
It.will permit the religious establishments of - eaCli
Country more freedom to conform themselves to
the groiling intelligence - of each country. At
present, a refractory clergy gains a support from
without. Say that six nations, independent in
their civil government, were linked together by
one common ecclesiastical institution; no refordi of
a religious nature could be effected by either, till
it had obtained in its
.favor a majority of the six
The clergy of every nation would be supported, or
would be resirained (if they themselves should be
liberally disposed) by the general spirit pervading
the whole clergy. And this general spirit would
find its representative and executive in the perms--
neat. head of the united hierarchy. If au arch
bishop Of Cologne rebels against the *municipal re
gulations of his country, he appeals to a foreign
priesthood for sympathy and support. If an Em
peror of Austria wishes to repress the little philo--
sophy:-that appears in his states, and, under the'
plea of fostering piety and morality, to keep, the
frople .- frimi-th:leaetlreadom..of..religions_jug h iry,
he enters'into an agreeindnt 'With - the `Pope, and
the Pope grants fresh powers to his bishops. • If
in France a spirit of concession should arise among
the clergy themselves, the reaction takes the form
of an ultramontane faction. To all this there will
be an end. In every country the clergy will feel
themselves essentially national, and their teachings
will more readily be modified according to the ad
vancing intelligence of the nation. •
The formation. of a great Italian monarchy will
be. the downfall of the present ecclesiastical sys
tein, and no country will reap' so much benefit from
the change as Italy . herself. The new Italy can ,
not relinquish her Rome; B i ome cannot submit to
be handed over to an ecclesiastical caste, who are
to continue to govern it without one generous sym
pathy in all that constitutes a national life—a caste
of celibates, who must either rule in the spirit of
monks, or of profligate men, reckless of domestic
virtues as of national greatness. • The spectacle of a .
city coerced perpetually by a military force to live
Under a monastic government, could not be en- i
dured; and if Rome is to be the - capital of the I
new Italy,-it can no longer give a pope to France.
The government that has its seat at Paris cannot
consent to this. The spirit of rivalry that must
arise between the two nations would utterly forbid
it. Thus the great ecclesiastical system, Which,
item the several Catholic nations together, would
be broken' up.. To this extent we venture to - pro- -
phesy, but no further. - • .
A LOOK AT THE CROSS.
Behold, 0 faithful soul, the grief of, the cruci
fied, the wounds of him hanging on the cross, and
the agony of the dying Saviour! That head, so
glorious to angelic spirits, is pierced by the thickly
plaited thorns; the face, excelling in beauty the
sons of men, is marred by the abuse of the impious;
those eyes, brighter than the sun, are dimmed in
death; those ears, which were familiai with an
gelic praises, are stunned with the insults and sar.
331aekwood's Magazine.
casms of the wicked; those lips, which trembled
with eloquence divine, and which taught angels,
are touched with vinegar and gall; those feet, for
which the earth is a footstool, are pierced with
'nails; those hands, which have spread out the
heavens, are extended, and nailed to the cross;
that body, the most holy tabernacle of the Divi
nity, is bruised, and pierced with a spear, and life
mains in the tongue that prayer may be offered
'For those who crucify him. He who reigns in
'heaven with the Father, is grievously afflicted for
our sins upon the cross. The Son of God suffers,
the Son of God freely sheds his blood.
Gerhard's Meditations.
PROCLAMATION OF KING VICTOR
EMMANUEL.
To THE PEOPLE OF SOUTHERN ITALY:
"In a solemn moment for the national history
and for the destinies of the country, I address my
word to you, people of Southern Italy, who,
having in my name changed the State, send me
deputations of every class of citizens, magistrates
and representatives of your municipal bodies,
asking to be restored to order, blessed with free
dom, and united with my kingdom. I will tell
you by what thought I am guided, and what is my
consciousness of the duties which a man placed by
Providence on an Italian throne ought to fulfil.
"I ascended the throne after a great national
calamity. My father gave me a lofty example by
abdieatina e the.crown to save his own dignity and
the freedom of his people. Charles Albert fell
sword in hand, and, died in exile. His death
associated more and more the destinies of my
family with those of the Italian people, who for so
many centuries, have given to all foreign lands
the bones of their exiles as a pledge for restoring
the inheritance of every nation placed by God
within the same boundaries, and joined together
by the bond of a common language. I educated
myself by that example, and the memory of my
father was my guardian star. I could never
hesitate in my choice between a crown and the
word I bad given. I strengthened freedom in an
epoch not very favorable to freedom, and I wished
that, as it developed itself, it should take root in
the manners of the people, for I could never
harbor any jealousy or suspicion of what was dear
to trirpeople. 13y preserving freedom in Pied
mont 1 religiously respected the heritage which
the prophetic mind of my august father had be
queathed to all Italians. By representative fran
chise, by popular education, by the freedom of trade
and industry, I endeavored to increase the well
being of my people. .1 wished that the Catholic re
ligion should be respected, but also that every man
should be free io the sanctuary of his own con
science; and by strengthening civil authority, I
openly resisted that obstinate and scheming fac
tion which boasts to be the only friend and guar
dian of the throne, but which aims at ruling in
the name of kings, and placing between the
sovereign and the people the barrier of its intole
raut passions.
"This system of government could not be
without effept on the rest of Italy. The concord
between the sovereign and the people in the
purpose of national independence, and of civil and
political liberty, the parliamentary tribune and
the free press, the army which had preserved its
military traditions under the tricolor, raised Pied
mont to the rank of standard bearer and arm of
Italy. The strength of my monarchy was not the
result of the acts of a clandestine'policy, but of the
open influence of ideas and of public opinion. I
was thus enabled to maintain in that part of the
Italian people which was united under my sceptre
the national leadership (egemonia,) whence was to
spring the concordant harmony of the several
provinces in one single nation.
" Italy was able to understand my conception
when she beheld my soldiers sent into the field of
the Crimea, besides the troops of the great western
Powers. I wished there,ky to acquire to Italy the
right of participating in all acts concerning the
interests of Europe. At the congress of Paris my
ambassadors were able to speak for the first time
of your sufferings. It became clear to all men
how the preponderance of Austria in Italy was
injurious to the balance of power in Europe, and
what dangers beset the independence and freedom
of Europe so long as the
.rest of the peninsula
was subject to foreign influence.
"My magnanimous ally, the Emperor Napoleon
111., felt that the Italian cause was worthy of the
great nation he rules. A righteous war in
augurated the new destinies of our country.
The Italian soldiers fought nobly beside the un
conquered legions of France. The volunteers
hastening from all Italian provinces, from all
Italian families, under the cross of Savoy, showed
that all Italy bad invested me with the right of
speaking and fighting in her name., Policy put
an end to the war, but not to its effects, which
went on with their development, following the
unswerving logic of events and of popular move
ment.
"Had I been actuated by that ambition which
is ascribed to my family by those who do not
consider the nature of the times, I could have
been satisfied with the acquisition of Lombardy;
but I had shed the precious blood of my soldiers,
not for myself but tor Italy. I bad called the
Italians to arms. Several Italian provinces had
changed their form of government to join in the
war of independence—a war opposed by their
Princes. After the peace of Villafranca those
governments asked my protectiun against the
threatened restoration of their former governments.
If the events of Ceara' Italy were the consequence
of the war to which we had called the people,
if the system of foreign intervention was forever
to be banished from Italy, I had a duty to reco,,c ,
nise; and to uphold the right of those people legal
ly-and freely to utter their vote. I withdrew my
government—they made an orderly government;
I withdrew my troops—they organized regular
forces, and vieing with each other in unanimity
and civil virtues, they rose to so high a reputa
tion and strength, that nothing but the overbearing
violence of foreign arms could have subdued them.
Thanks to the wisdom of the Central Italian peo
ple, the monarchical idea constantly gained
strength, and monarchy gave a moral guidance to
that peaceful popular movement. Thus did Italy
rise in the estimation of civilized nations, and it
became clear to all Europe that the Italians were
fit for self-government.
"I have always given those Italian Princes,
who wished to be my enemies, sincere counsels,
resolving, however, that, if those counsels were
vain, I would meet the dangers to which their
blindness would have exposed the throne by
accepting the will of Italy. • It was in vain that I
offered to the Grand Duke (of Tuscany) alliance
before the war. In vain that, after the peace, I
offered the High Pontiff, in whom I venerate the
head of the religion of my fathers and of my peo
ple, to take upon myself the vicarship of Umbria
and the Marches. It was evident that, if those
provinces, which were only restrained by the arms
of foreign hirelings, did not obtain the security of
that civilized government which I proposed, they
would, sooner or later, 'break out into revolution.
Neither will I recall the counsels given for many
years by the Powers to King Ferdinand of Naples
The judgment which was pronounced against his
government at the Paris Congress naturally pre
pared the people for a change, if the outcry of
public opinion and efforts of diplomacy proved to
be of no avail. I offered the young successor of
that King an alliance for the war of independence.
But there also I found souls closed against all
Italian feelings, minds darkened by passion and
obstinacy. It was natural that the events in Nor
thern and Central Italy should arouse men's mind.
in
,the south. In Sicily the excitement broke
out into open insurrection. A fight began for
freedom in Sicily, when a brave warrior devoted
VOL. V.—NO. 11—Whole No. 228.
to Italy and to me, General Garibaldi, sailed to its
aid.. They were Italians. Could I, ought Ito
have prevented them ? The fall of the govern
ment of Naples strengthened in my heart the
conviction that kings and governments should
build their thrones on the love and esteem of the
people.
"The new government in the Two Sieilies was
inaugurated in my name. But some of its acts
caused apprehension lest it should not in every
respect well interpret that policy which is repre
sented by my name. It was feared throughout
Italy that, under the shade, of a glorious popularity,
of a long-tried honesty, a faction should muster
which was ready to sacrifice the forthcoming
triumph of the national cause to the chimeras of
its ambitious fanaticism. All Italians turned to
me, that I might avert this danger. It was my
duty to do it, because in this present emergency it
would be no moderation, no wisdnin, but weakness
and imprudence, not to take with a strong band
the direction of that national movement, for which
lam responsible before Europe. I have sent my
soldiers into the Marches and Umbria, and scat
tered that ill-sorted mob of people of all nations
and tongues which had gathered there as a new
strange phase of foreign intervention, and the warst
of all. I have proclaimed Italy for the Italians;
and will never allow Italy to become the nest of
cosmopolite sects, assembling there to hatch re
actionary plots, or to further the objects of univer
sal demagogy.
My troops march into your country to strength
en public order. Ido not come to impose my will
upon you, but to see that yours is respected. You
will be called freely to manifest it. May the vote
you will deposit in the urn be inspired by that
Providence which protects a righteous cause 1
Whatever may be the course of events, I tran
quilly await the judgment of civilized Europe,
because I am convinced that I have fulfilled my
duties as a King and an Italian. My policy may
not, perhaps, be useless to reconcile in Europe
the progress of the people with the stability of
monarchies. I know that in Italy I close the era
of revolutions." VICTOR. EMMANUAL.
FARINI.
Given at Ancona, this 9th of October, 1860.
One fine summer's morning, a sturdy boy, bare
headed and barefooted, was riding a horse across
the sands of a bay in the North of Ireland, to give
him a bath in the bright sea that sparkled in the
morning's sunshine. The boy rode 'bravely, and
stimulated by the leaping waves, urged his steed
onward; suddenly be felt the horse was beyond
his depth; the current set strong; the boy strove
to return to land; the horse seemed unable to
breast the tide; a great wave broke over the horse
and rider, and seemed to clasp the boy in its strong
coil, and drag him down, down; there was a strug
gle, and then a deep, deathly calm. The retreat
ing waves bearing their prey were met by the ra
in_ volume of a still mightier wave, that bore the
boy on its crest, and threw him high on the sands.
There he lay insensible, while the tide continued
ebbing; and the horse, released from its rider con
trived to swim ashore. Brightly the sun ;hone
on the prostrate form of the apparently drowned
boy. At length its warmth penetrated him. A
sudden pang darts through his heart, and fills all
his nerves with intense pain, far greater, he al=
ways declared, than while he was drowning; and
at length he opened his eyes, and his thoughts
gradually return to him as he lies helpless; he sees
the sun, the ocean, the horse—his companion in
danger. After many efforts and with much suf
fering, the poor lonely child manages to crawl
along towards his.home. He reaches it completely
exhausted, and for many days feels the bodily ef
fects of this remarkable incident; its mental ef
fects remained with him for life. He was ever
conscious of a signal deliverance from the very
jaws of death. ie felt that his life was "given
again" to him, and it deepened the natural thought
fulness of his character. A special providence
seems to have mercifully watched over this little
Irish boy. Future years showed that God had a
great work for him to do in the world. Adam
Clarke for such was the name of the youth, he
who afterwards became one of the greatest scholars
in Europe, was one of the long list of illustrious
dunces! Like Linnaeus, the greatest naturalist,
Sheridan, the great wit, and Burns, the great poet,
he was in childhood " a dull boy." The simple
truth was, his faculties were slow of development,
in proportion to their strength; and the childhood
of Adam Clarke supplies a valuable lesson to those
vain parents, or impatient preceptors, who visit as
a fault in a child what is merely a process of na
ture. The poor little Adam was driven nearly to
despair by chastisement and reproaches; he began
to think that he never could learn; strange to say,
the passion of anger broke the torpor of despair.
On one occasion when he appeared before the
schoolmaster, and as usual was unable to repeat
his lesson, be burst into tears, and said with a pi
teous voice, "I cannot learn it." He bad now
reason to expect all the severity of the rod. But
the master, getting a little moderate, and perhaps
moved by his tears, contented himself by say
ing, "Go, sir, and take up your grammar. If
you do not speedily get that lesson, I shall pull
your ears as long as old Jowler's, (a great dog
belonging to the premises,) and you shall be a
beggar till the day of your death." A taunting
school-fellow mocked the boy, and called him all
sorts of deriding names. "What," said Adam
to himself, "shall I ever be a dubce and the butt
of those fellows' insults?" He felt as though
something broke within him. He snatched up
his book, and to his great joy, learned the lesson
he had been laboring at all day, in a few minutes,
and after saying it he learned another to the
amazement of his master and the whole school, and
from that time forth no one had reason to scold
him or laugh at him for his dulness. His mind
had awoke from its slumber, and from that period
it was even more- active and strong than his stal
wart outer frame. A burning desire for learning
took possession of the youth's mind, and with per
severing energy, early and late did he labor to be
a scholar. And he had his reward—the reward
of a nation's gratitude.
The dew of thy grace is shed upon my wasting
spirit with refreshing consolation. My soul lan
guishes, but soon it will exult in thee; my flesh
withereth, but after a few days it will revive. I
am compelled to undergo corruption, but thou
wilt free me from this decay, when thou bringest
me out of all evils. Thou halt newly created me
in the image of God, and how can the works of
thy bands perish? Thou bast redeemed me from
all my foes, and how shall death alone triumph
over me? Thou hest devoted thy body, tby blood,
and thine entire self for my salvation; how then
shall death hinder those benefits which were
bought with so precious a price? Thou art my
righteousness, and my sins shall not pievail over
thee; thou art my life and resurrection, and my
death shall not overcome thee; thou art my God,
and Satan shall not have power over thee. Thou
hast given we the earnest of the Spirit, and in this
will I glory, in this will I triumph; and I firmly
believe, nothing doubting, that thou wilt permit
me to enter into the marriage-supper of the Lamb.
Thou bast clothed me with the wedding -garment,
which I received when baptized {Gal. iii. 27,) into
Christ • nor will I stitch to this precious, most
beautiful robe, the tattered rags of my righteous
ness. How dare I spoil its beauty with my abomi
nable tatters? In this robe will I appear before
thy face, when thou wilt judge the world in right
eousness and truth.
PEOPLE OP SOUTUEEN ITALY
ADAM CLARKE.
CONFIDENCE IN CHRIST.
Gerhard's Meditations.