VOLUME \,
The American.Citizen.
Js pnMMiM «?v«ry Wednesday In th? lioroagh «>f Tintler,
I, V HIBIRBOXA C. K. AXBCMO* .>II M«ln
'■ -it t . .?;i« k'* 11. t«-l—«•!!!« : tip e'.'irs in flu brick
..rirt'Tlv .wrupi. '! by Kli Yclt.-r. n.< u
•|'t — sl 50 ■» > •*«, if paid fa ft It •■. "i within tl•>•
fi 1 -t six or s'2 If not pii-1 until «ft»r tho api ra
il <n of tlio Unt eix immthfl.
ft •. TV ..p Ar vKUUBiNO:—Ono > n , (t<n l»i"** <>r
'• i tljr< " Inwrtloiw
K»-t v nw.,n. j.t inw ttii'ti i i
llii • ard« of 1« lluo*or I«f .i •»»»•» y« ■.•r, incln- 112
t'nui.l .s"i **Yv. ir wili: u( i.tp. 4»i
1 < i-■lnnui f»r fix ni 'titbn •
•te;". fg
"112 ('.'iTimn f'.i'fix
1. iiiinii i . .... :■■■■■
Tho Progress of Reconstruction, i
We have intelligence from Vrkansas
giving the result of the late election in
that State. The election was ordered by
<|. n. Steele at the request of 'la - • lr.un
ber'of the people of the Sta!". and \va.-
lor the purpose of elmosing State ofii e,-s
and members of Congress, and adapting ,
tho new State Constitution, abolishing sla- ]
vt rv, which was l'orme'd by a t 1 mva utiou
of loyal citizens some weeks ago. The
result was a complete triumph of the Free
State party. The new Governor is Mr.
isaae Murphey, the only member of the
State Convention in 1S(il who resisted to
Ihe last the attempt to drag Arkansas oul
of the Cnion. Arkansas is now a I'ree
State in the Union by the voluntary ac
tion of its own citizens and through* the
toriiM of the President's Amnesty I'roe
lanu'ion. Although Louisiana preceded
her in returning to the Union. Arkansas
is never! '< <s the first of the '< on :
Slates to adopt a I'ree State Constitution.
The l eeislaturc will meet in April loolect j
two U. £. Senators.
On tho lltli instant, Gem ral Bank ; j
issued an order providing for on election
throughout Loui.sianaon Monday, tho 2!<th '
ilist.. for the choice of delegates to a ( on- i
vention to be held for the revi-i -n and
amendment of the (Constitution of tlie Stut.• I
—the (/Oiivention to meet in New Orleans j
on the Oth day of April. This action ol'i
course foreshadows the abolition of sla j
very in Louisiana by the vote of the loy |
al people of the State. The Convention j
will consist of one hundred and fifty del- |
< ua!e,s. of which New Orleans will have
nixt%thrce.
A n election for county officers through
out the State of Tennessee, ordered by-
Military Governor Andrew Johnson, has
also tuken place this month. The Nash
ville corrospondcntof theNew York Times
says the result "may be declared a tri
umphant viotory of the anti-slavery senti
ment of the State." He adds: "You
have no idea of the great importance of
t lie result—it is the great political achieve
ment of the day, and is worth as much as
•mo of Grant's magnificent victories." It
will not be long until Tennessee will also ,
adopt a new Constitution doing away with j
slavery. In the meantime tho people of
Mas tern Tennessee .are agitating the pro- j
joot of cutting loose from the Mi i lie and i
Western ; rtious and forming a new State, j
They are tired of the pro-slavery arro- !
• a.ire and treasonable proclivities of those
with whi'm they have so long I-ecu compel- j
led to r.-sociate politically. They have j
been treated just as the people of West \
Virginia h.i\v been treated—lik; .in . il'e- (
rior race.
J>ut the niiist gratifying item of intel
ligence which has lately reached us iVoiu j
the seceding States is that which conies S
from lluntsvillo, Alabama. It is known J
to our readers that for some time the Union |
forces have been in possession of this !
pl.t ■. , tioneral Logan being the coini.i Hid
ing officer. The town is said to be one of
the most beautiful in the whole Stat, and
before the war was opposed to -, (v ion. j
The county of Madison, in which it is'it- j
uated, gave I*oo majority against going I
out of the Union. li» fact, the whole j
northern portion of Alabama was oppos
ed to disunion. Ou the 13th inst] a large
meeting "of citizens of Madison county
and Huutsvillc met in tho Court llou.se,
its avowed object being the restoration of
civil government and a return tothel nion.
Speeches warmly advocating submission to
the Federal authority were delivered by
Hon. .Tcre Clemens, once l : . S. Senator
fifim. Alabama, and Judge!). C.Humph
reys, one of tho ablest members of the
Southern Bar and a delegate to the Charles
toil Convention in I*oo. Resolutions were
adopted recommending the calling of a
State Convention ou the first Monday in
June ■" that it may provide some mode for
■the restoration of peace," and-requesting
the Governor to convene the Legislature
that it may authorize the calling of this
Convention. It is presumed that the
Governor will pay no attention to the re
quest, but there is rto doubt that, if he
does "not, the people of Madison and oth
er counties will hold a Convention of their
own. The Huutsvillc meeting may be
regarded as the initial step in the work
of restoring Alabama to the Union.
The following passage from the speech
of Jcre Clemens tells the whole story of
the Rebellion in few words:—
"Falsehood, fraud and crime took ns out
AMERICAN CITIZEN.
of tlio Union. They told us that seces
sion ivas necessary to save skvfify. Dur
ing the ten year- preceding the rebellion,
the State of Alabama had not lust ten
slaves aycai' We hail rebellion, and the
consequence now is that there is not one
man in the State of Alabama who can say
lie has the title to a single nigger. Not
unc of us have a title to anything. The
practical result is Emancipation. Cotton
they said was King—would secure us rec
ognition and independence. The result is
Confederate money is worth five cents 011
the dollar. They said that civil liberty
and State rights would bo secured by se
cession. The first act of the Confederate
Congress deprived the people of the right
to delect their President. If a pinn own
ed i wenty negroes he'was excused from
fnilitary duty. If 11 man lire! ten starving
children he was not.. The man who owu
el the negroese uld stay at lame with hit
wealth; the man with starving children
must leave thenl and goto the battle-field.
You ami 1 may have had sniue fcarj «
the Confederacy.' Thank God there is
now no prospect of it.-succeeding."
Judge Humphreys wascqually clo(|uent
in denouncing tho rebellion, and still uiorc
emphatic in his admission that slavery in
Alabama is dead. We quote one sen
tence :
" / hclievc the institution of shivery is
'/one ti* n permanent thing—ovethrown
/"/ //ic id finii of the Southern States."
From the foregoing summary of recent
events iirfour of the States that went out
112 the I niou in lsol, it will be jeenthat
ihe day of their political regeneration has
been ushered in with glowing splendor.—
tiiib. let there be a general advance
the whole line of ourarmics in a few weeks
and the llcbcllion will not, eunnot sur
vive six months longer.— J'in.Jmiyh (ia
zetto,.
Speech of President Lincoln.
A Till lIUTE TO r.OYAT, WOMEN .
At the close ol tho I'atcnt Office Fair
in Washington on Friday night, Mr. Lin
coln, in answer to loud and continuous
calls, made the following remarks:
" Ladies and Gentlemen: I appear, to
say but a few words. This extraordina
ry war in which we are engaged falls
heavily upon all classes of people, but the
most heavily upon the soldier. For it
has been said, all that a man liath will
he give for his life; and while all con
tribute of their substance, the soldier puts
his life at stake, and often yields it up in
his country's cause. The highest merit,
then, is due to tho soldier. [Cheers.J
'• In this extraordinary War, extraor
dinary developments have manifested
themselves, such as has not been seen in
former wars, and among these manifesta
tions nothing, has been more remakable
than these Fairs for the relief of suffer
ing soldiers and tlicirTiniilies. And tho
chief agents in these Fairs arc tho wo
men of America. [Cheers ]
" I am not accustomed to the use of
language, (if eulogy; 1 have never studi
ed tho art of paying compliments to wo
men. bnt I must say that if all that has
been said by orators and poets since the
creation of the world in praise of women
were applied to the women of America,
it would not do them justice for their
conduct during this war. 1 will close by
s lying God bless the women of America !"
[•ireat applause.]
J >"• The rebels in Virginia are active
ly preparing for a movement of some sort,
but what they propose to do,'soei.is not to
be understood. In some quarters, it in
supposed that a grand movement will b<
made down the Shenandoah Valley, with
a view of invading Maryland, or aitaek
inu: Washington, but we should think
they have bad enough of the invasion ex
periments. It is natural, heiwcver, that
they should, at this juncture, try to do
something, knowing, as they do, that the
Army is in an unsettled condition, grow
ing out of the impending re-organization.
Sgf* The report of the Committee of the
Ohio Legislature, appointed to investigate
matters connected with the escape of Jno.
Morgan and several of his officers from
the Ohio Penitentiary, has been publish
ed. The Committee exonerate tlio offi
cers of the Penitentiary, and fix the re
sponsibility upon tho military authorities.
Tlns' find Lieut- Judkins, of Geu. Ma
son's staff, especially culpable and recom
mend his dismissal from the service.
taf The Colorado Territorial Conven
tion, held at Denver City, on Friday,
elected six delegates to tlic National Lu
ton Convention to be held at Baltimore
in June. Resolutions endorsing the Ad
ministration, and pledging to it tho co-op
eration and h|jyjty support of Colorado
wore adopted, and nlso asking Congress to
pass an enabling act providing for the or
ganization of a Stato Government, and
for the admission of Colorado into the
Cnion
" Let us have Faith that Right makes Might; -and in that Faith let us, to the end,dare to do our duty as we understand tf-A. Limxrtar
BUTLER, BUTLER COUNTY, PA.. MARCH 80, 1801.
Pare Copper.
Our readers will remember the order
issued by General Burnside on the Ist
day of June hist, suppressing a paper
eivlled the Chicago Times 011 account of
the repeated expression 111 its columns of
disloyal and incendiary sentiments, ihe
order ware inded because it did not meet
with the nj.pv bation of the President,'
but n-i al man doubted the justice it
sought in cvol , however much he might
doubt the propriety of issuing it. Our
own opinion v =, that the order was right
and h il l' i.'Kois enforced. and we
are confirm ,d 111 ti::o opinion by a recent
ciivui isl.ru- l ,: ei< shows no abatement,
in the disloyal tend. vie- of the publish
ers of the (i. iioral IJumside —
a mar \h r to ;1 lo\:d people delight to
honor—having recently yushed Chicago
wirh the patriotic purpose of ioetmng re
cruit- l'.'i h X'utli \rniy Corps, the
7-:: I.e . 1;■ Ids hi? c-iuis.g :
•THE V\ ,-t IKU N'E. — 'Theßutcli-i
er of F'vd • ■ I. ui" ■'and attempted as
"11- in ■ I the iiherty ot speech and of the
press in the Northwest is coming to Chi
eago,.on the invitation ot sundry Aboli
tion!: N, w ! : 1 tiropow. we believe, to make
aj.ublic ■ xliibition of him sometime du
ring this day. They are fit partiesfbr the
perfonrtanco, and lie is a fit object for tlicii
adulation. Ho is not much of sight,
however. Ho was-not the head butcher
and assassin ; he was only tho creature,
■the mc.i • 1 in-1 mmont ,the purpet,tho juuip
inir-jaek of the | rineipal butchers and as
sassins. lie did not conceive the butch
ery and assassination; lie does not rise to
auythiu . :vid as tljat; he was the
ruffian 1 r ' 1' do the crimes, than
which elm:: 1 tor none is so dotowwi the
eyes of mankind. It is this juffian who
will b on exhibition in some public place
ill Chicago to-day surrounded bv even
meaner rullian - iliau himself. lie will
hstvo spectators as other mooMrocitieq do,
but it 1111 lea • ioLiibixly morbid mind
who will enjoy the i-jpulsiv ..pectacle."
Could political malignity or sympathy
with traitors go farther than this? To
stigmatize one of .-ir best, general* a- a
-butcher find a v.". in."and let only him
but the I'resident and other officers of the
(iovernment. is an offense which, in this
day of peri! to cur institutions, merits the
severe ; pun' limei.t. civil er military law
can in 4 '! \nd TI tc-11 those who are in
authority at Washington tli t they under
estimate the patriotism of the people and
over estimate the liberty of the press if
they allow such utterances as those of the
Times togo unrebuked by the strong arm
of the law.— Exclumge.
The New Hevcnuc Hill.
The Washington correspondence of the
N. Y. TVi/eoi' has the following on this
important subject:
A fuller and more correct statement of
the leading provisions of the new Reve
nue bill before the Sub-Committee of
Ways and Means i that tobacco is taxed
twenty-fr, per cent in advnlorenf* in the
leaf, and forty ectfts a pound manufactur
ed. Petrol, nut live ccn'- a gallon on crude
and ten c,nt n 1 ilincd, and distilled spir
its a dollar :: : n. The great difference
in the qualities f-f our tobacco, the Con-
uecticut llivev bui.ig about us good as
Cuba, and Michigan n ■' a quarterns good,
made the adval '.vm tar. inevitable. Two
»T the Sub-i' • rc said to Appose
n high tax on : aeeo; olio of them is
said to be • w'>.:t in hi" l iiilitliat a tax
of fifty ecu's 1> 11' .1 on whisky will pro
duce more 1011-11..-.' than a tax of a dollar.
So the tn*.'.- ieqV'f. i in the bill prepared
at tli« Trcani < n Uibaceo and whisky
may go in' tb -n : Means Oom
tnittoe rei'ic. T.:.ed ; • - ; bJy, but not
probably, .-o in: ifease reduced.
]t ; r .1 'h rt the cbai't'O of tell
cents on I'ci ; 1 j
already raitn l by the Hufi-Committce. —
In addition to the above a very largo in
crease of the revenue is e uighttobcniade
by the new bill by doubling the price of
stamps on notes bonds, &e , and taxing
instruments and forms not heretofore reach
ed, such as letters pat.-nt, deeds for orti
vayance of personal property, copies of
instruments and document" read in court ,
executions, proecs-e : from justices'courts
&e. If the j pie can ojily know that it
is estimated and intended in tlio Treasury
Department that whisky with a dollar tax
on it, can and .-hall pay one quartor of all
the internal rtveuue to be raised in the
United St.Ve.s, and tobacco one-eighth of
it.the public sentiment surely will sec
that those two things don't escape the sa
cred duty of bearing those burdens.-
There is no tax whatever on malt. lJeer
is taxed 81 .">0 a barrel; Ibis includes
lagar. Tho temper of tlie House and of
the Senate grows daily in favor of higher
and bolder taxation.
jfecr From reVel papers it appears that the
General .Assembly of ihe Rebel Presby
terian Church meets at Charlotte N. C ,
on the "d of May Kev. .James A Ly
on, Moderator of the Convention of all
the rebel churehea, has been called upon
to devise some plan to check the iucrease
of vice.
For the Citizen-
THE RETURN OF SPRING.
The day waa deciinlnc while f.ir in the west.
The day-nod wa« -inkiim slywly to rest,
While I |win«i'd for a moment t>> niiHelngly ga*e,
An.l listen in rapture to the little liinliClayn.
Tli.* winds p-ntly ntjrho:! anion" tho >.are tree-*,
\\ hfre awelilng i»n if ■ n will bur««t forth lnKi «*en leaves,
-> mind that tin -even has clinn(re«l—
That whiter !«ov<'r and .-pilng coine again. •
That ."--on C brown mea ?• ws inverdnre will glow.
That-ten. winter d"<' with but It *t, lee and snow,
A« ti :.ir!i(|.i !-.'r 1 winter»•••.• wahodnway
Ac o i •!■ ■« tlx i.i irt fc« at v»th p'l-twnre and lov«-.
A- v, '■ it •• 11 k i.-il'.i t • ■ .Hifri.ittiil-x »•,
Tli.it ti- 112 in hi-. .t:...if•■k-i.t i:»a not borim
Ouraphitsnwtv tn onknown.
Thus I -t tor a moment in pleafant tlnaiuht,
Ar 11 • 11 '!•".» - "emed to that bwintlful *i"»t
\\ h< . 1 O VP" 1 f»r:i i:!. milt t > ponder mid innne,
Ar 1 w.-.t h ti i'V.'h • that i. unifinftt-e.
Tl«ehil!«r.f ii ■•■twtrm 'M.iuik"line.
V ky - 1 . . boan! f ft»l bin. ,
And'' lio i; .'it rm !• 1 p don it* nay,
A ,Vt'-' r,■ It o'it'' I J: foViiart*,
M\ p-'ii 1«. '«il v .11 'n pk-.tnHno true,
The io. iathtaof niiti ;• ■■ ad *»nt toniy viev
l!nln le -on Ith . ham. d.T ti ' "hall 112 t t,
. iMj.> • • • hetm nth 1 >■..?»•.. nmirt irlh,
Tlt.li 11... h-Mie . l.p intyonly ranhrinp.
_>:• . • ~11 • ! 11. .t J ; .1 • ill Mirimr,
A Ithi • bovetif will b< -'.i • i.-i Idne.
He, ini tothy-eIT, thy friend and thy tied.
Then .hen ! <>rr..w pain. d«nith. all aronud thee hath trod,
ith an eye nndiiuiiit.nl. a breast fnmi K«dle,
W'i .-till nil! be hnppy, look npwud and smile.
The beoutle-.'f nature and art mnst decay,
And n..« i»k•• stern winter mn-t mwin paw away ;
Itnt if we livoripht in this world. >f rare,
We tlion shall true happine-s cteriinliy share.
KATE 8. IH RKIIART.
Duller tp., Man h2*Jd,1864.
WIT am wisdom.
A MAN with glass eyes can't rcaliys
any thing.
I'M NOT fond of cat-nip, as the little
girl said when- pussy bit lier nose.
SOMEBODY say. that Arabian children,
bcfoi£ cutting their ttoth sp.eiik gum-Ara
bic.
"Vi'trhav.-avery trikinp-cramtcnance,"
as tho donkey ''aid to the (dephnnt when
lie hit him over the back with bis trunk.
IF the isubstitut who in place of
drafted men, charge upon the cneniy as
bard as they do forgoing, the rebellion
will soon bo crushed out
' Uon." said a young follow to his com
panioti n* a fancy fair, "you aro missing
nil tlic sights on this side."
" Never mind, Bill," retorted Hob,
" I'm sighting all the misses on the other."
A WONDERFUL story-teller, addicted to
humming an air, beginning " Strike the
Lyre," was much surprised when one of
his acquaintances, taking him at his word,
knocked him down.
O'UHIEN said to Homo Took, on the
hustings, "So I understand you have all
the blackguards in London with you.
" I am happy to hear it, sir, on such
good authority."
A MAN named Oat.s was hauled up re
cently for belting bis wife and children.
On being sentenced to imprisonment, the
brute remarked that it was very hard that,
a man was not allowed to thrash his own
'•iti.
" A.NTIMN'Y " said a father to his son
one day v.l. u h •■■ r.ght biui shaving the
down oil' hi • Upper Hp. '■ d "ii't throw your
shaviim-wMei out where there.are any
barefooted h for tlioy m' rht get their
feet pricked "
\ \'K you l lei.i in, being
in e'i _ i:\ - ■ip .pie desired
leave to'toasl the devil. '
" Oh. eer.'iiid' id a gentleman, "we
can have r.i '. 'l.'ji •• mto toast any of your
lordships friend
AN Illin-'I - soldier at Vickshurg de
scribes iiie c: iei'.ry th; i- : a made with an
eye to ei'i.io.U'.y ; tin ■ and t'ein.! ;:et ou
- i thai I. :h Ut might be cultiva
ted. T r-vl ..: re very deep, and run
in a .st!.' yri' hiain manner
Ti11... B.i a in:.u oui West so forgetful
of faces, that h'uswilb is compelled to keep
a wafer stuck on tho end of her nose,
that lie may distinguish lier. from other
ladies; but this docs not prevent him from
making occasional mistakes.
REYNOLDS, the dramatist, observing to
Morton the thinness of the house at one
of the plays, added lie supposed it was
owing to the war. ' : No," replied Mor
ton, " I should judge it wits owing to the
jjietx."
A I'EUSO-N speaking of a deaf man aud
getting angry at his not catching his moan
ing, said :
11 Why, it's plain as A IM'
" That may be. sir" replied the poor
man, " but ! am 1> ii F
WISDOM or Tmv.v L.u>n>. — I'a,
why don't you buy a ben, so we can have
all the eggs we want."
" My dear, one hen would not lay all
the eggs wc want."
" Why, yes it would, Pa. wc only use
a dozen eggs a day, and a good hen would
lay that many."
Our devil say.-: this jr'.ung ludy is a sif
ter to tho raio who tb I t milk was
pumped out of cows, and that the tail was
the pump handle '
A Scout's Exploit.
A letter from Fort Hudson says; One
of our scouts, I'hilbrick, of the 3d Massa
chusetts cavalry, recently rode out alone
within the enemy's lines, and ■ captured a
rebel colonel, with the audacity that de
serves special notice. Colonel Bradford
was visiting his affianced, at a plantation
house four miles from Jackson, where he
supposed himself entirely safe, for the
rebel pickets were within call I'hilbrick,
late at night, stole into the negro quarters,
and learned from the slaves, who are al
ways our friends, all that he wished to
kyow, Quietly fastening his horse, he
crept to the front door, burst it open,'and
band, astonished the assembled
party with the sight of a Uni"ii soldier on
the rampage. The scout thunered out his
orders to an imaginary company through
the I tel. window, kicked over the whist
tahl \ smashing the goblets and a bottle of
y.'i low Oliuuot,' that had probable paid
recent duty at Baton Itouge. disarmed the
colonel, an ! took both him and his servant
prisoners, mounted them on thuir own hor
se.-. and them ofl*amid the tears and la
mentations of tho ' affianced' and her
friends. Through by-roads tho unlucky
colonel was brought safely to camp, and is
now on his way to Virginia with a letter
of introduction to General Butler. The
prisoner nearly ground upafine set of nat
ural teeth, when he learned that Ills cap
ture had been effected by a single soldier,
armed no better than himself."'
Revolutionary Soldiers.
Only twelve of the ol 1 > terms of the
revolutionary, war, survive to sec the pres
ent struggle to preserve the heritage of
freedom. Bnt few of those stern and
steadfast men who shouldered the musket
and the knapsack, and few of those who
witnessed their departure for tho camp
and the battle, now remain to see the dan
gers that threaten tho institutions for which
they periled their lives. That gallant
band is melting away, and none may ever
again "behold the sunshine of National
peace. Their companions have gone on a
returnloss march.
u An army now thunder pfwt,
And tliwy heed not itn roar."
The generals and tho captain., with tho
rank and file, who first rallied around the
starry flag that still waves in triumph over
the armies of the republic, have gone be
yond the reach of war's alarms. Tho lit
tle plattoon, as a rear guard, still encamp
ed on theshore, liavealsoreceived "march
ing orders" have slung their knapsacks,
and are slowly treading down the slope, to
the solemn music of tho tolling bells.—
Soon they, too, must answer the final call
of tlio "roll" and form into line, with the
advanced guard, that has gono before.—
"Dead" will soon be written on the Na
tional record— tho brief word
that closes tho account, and tells that the
last revolutionary pension has been paid.
—State Journal.
YANKEY NOSHUNS. — The no-hun that
skulo houses are cheeper than states priz
ing.
'J'be noshun that men are better kept tu
raize than anything else.
The noshun that tho world iz a lnarkit,
for a man's wit*.
The noshun that a people who he v brancs
enuflf kan't bo governed bi enybudy but
thairsclfii.
The noshun that if you kant .aik ;i man
think jist as you do, U i an in: ik him doaz
you t-liink.
Tho noshun that the Yewnited Staits
5/. liable at any time to' bo dubbled, but
aint liable at any time t lie divided.
The noshun that Unkcl Liamn: kin thrash
his own children when tha need it. an kin
thrash the hull world besides when tha
need it.
The noshun tlmt the Yard. _ are a fore
ordaned rase, an kant be kept from sprcd
ding an striking in,*am moar than tarpin
tine when it wuns gits luce.
J. Bn.*s'as.
A SEUVANT GIHI.V PREROGATIVES. —
Now, Miss Bradford, I always likes to
have an old-fashioned talk with the lady
I lives with before T l«i ins. I'm awful
tempered, but I'm dreadful forgiven.—
Have you Heckcr's flour, Ueebe's range,
hot and cold water, stationary tubes, oil
cloth on the floor, dumb waiter?" Then
follows her self-planned programme for
the v.eek :—Monday I washes, I'se to be
let alone that day. Tuesday I irons. No
hody's to come near me that day. Wed
nesday I bakes. I'se to be let alone that
lay. Thursday I picks up the bouse.—
Nobody's to come near me that day. Fri
day I goes to the city. Nobody's to come
near me that day. Saturday I bakes, aud
Saturday afternoon my beau comes to uic.
Nobody comes near lue that day. Sun
day I has to myself."
Col. Go wan, an American, has leas
ed 50,000 acres of land in' Russia, to car
ry on explorations for coal oil, similar to
! (hat of Pen us) Ivania.
(frrtucational Jcpartmcnt.
For the Citizen.
FareWell to School-Mates and Teacher.
farewell dear fchool-matee, wo nuiftt part,
Tlitj-tt wurda with .sorrow till my heart.
No ni"»re we'll n»(ft hero day by day,
W«»"U soon he scattered fiir away.
r t«:« \v>-ll awliilu to hooka and all,
TVday \\\ pnrt from learning'* hall.
T:i' ' i M h:r«»- at my heal t,
When 1 think from all I hate to pari
Fart-well dt?ar t«'.t« her, 1 est "112 f ( |, IM I„ 112
My Jh uglits of thee shall never end.
(>li Knt.-' de.tr tencloT, iv<w farewell, «
1 .dl my norrow cannot u 11.
1 know I'll m!»> yon everv.luv,
Hut for yoe.rwt l'n. i I willpray
T know I'll niIHH vmi when I look
I poii the pag«*of niy hwk
lltit I will Ime von t yertnore,
A oil ne'er the tlnyV i.f vol •
M \nr A. IU'KTNEU
Clint >ii, tp., Vr'.li is, lv.'j, Wit.', ly of School No. I.
Physical Education.
At "this period, when the proper men
tal tiraiill., 'it v n::'il..i- fe omea sub-,
joet, of the !n\- ini.■ n'tance, and the (treat
object, of parental concern, it would be
well to inquire whether plij'sical educa
tii>n i e;-i\cs tin ]jrop--rtion of pv.' h• at
tout ion which it deserves This inquiry
is easily answered In looking mound
at the youth of the present day, how alar
mingly often do we observe cases where
the mind has been brought forward studi
ously, and the intellect cultivated almost
to prccoity, while tho frame presents a
weak and attenuated appearance, bespeak
ing plainly tin over attention to the detri
ment.of the body. To make a cultivated
mind really useful in the world, it is a
sad mistake to snap thq energies of the
body nt the outstart of life. * The sound
condition of the body, while all must feel
it, to be one of th'o creates! .of blessings
is an es i ntial concomitant of a sound con
dition of the mind itself. I'hysical educa
tion comes into operation before any
department for one of its chief concert* is
that tho hui.sin hcitigshall commence life
with apropcr organization, in order thatits
constitution and encrgic msj be able to
brine' into proper use the powers which the
mind may acquire through judicious
training and expansion. Tho physical
education commences with infancy,and is
not finished until the pupil graduates into
manhood with that best of all diplomas,
a healthy and robust constitution.
It is estimated that a human being,
born with a sound constitution, will live
seventy vears and upwards, under favora
bln circumstances. Owing generally to
ignorance and incantiousness, the physij
cal frame which nature has given us so
often impaired and brought in contact
with disease, that only a comparatively
small number attain the venerable age
of "three-score years and ten." Wc do
not say that in all cases this abridgment
is owing to want of physiological infor
mation, for there arc many other causes
whieh|lo«scn the aggregate number of years
to which human life is shown to attain.
Tho copstitutio nof some persons are weak
from infancy, and less able to resist the
invasions of disease than those of others;
and thi; fact, together with accidental
cau-cs, to which wo arc all constantly lia
ble, tends great.';, to 1 educe the ratio of
existence. Vet the sad effects of ignor
ance of physical principles mnst.be con
spicuous when we state, in relation to tho
mortality of tho young, that nioro than
one t'nir 1 die under the age of five years,
doubtlc*,* from causes produced by erro
neous met:i os pu> din the nursery.—
In many e:> » ire tho result ot
ovcrfcudne.-s on til oart of mother,, who
arc too apt to feed their children on dain
ties, which, th ugh tin;, may'pha«. th<
taste, have no medicinal or nutritious
properties to rcet.nimend them.
The f.fd div. sand exorc 1 - •• of chil
drcus hould certainly be adapted- whV-
.ever is best calculated to po serv ihe
health aud invigorate the muscle, prefer
able. A tender plant, unless it receives
its proper nourishment from the ground,
in connection with sunshine and air, enn
not sprinc up in a healthy condition. In
ihe same manner, a neglect of proper air.
exercise,'etc., will be ft hindrance to the
proper development of tlu- organs of a
child. Sleeping in close, badly ventila
ted apartments, is a common and injuri
ous practice,and Amild be guarded against
particularly. A profnseness of dress, and
ill adoption of it to the season is a sad
mistake, which needs correction.
15yt not alone is care required in the
phvsilogieal education of childhood. 1 lie
training of the functions ot the body
should be continued in connection with
those of the mind, through youth, into
manhood, until the utino-f degree of per
fection is attained of which it is capable.
The skin lung digestive o 'ans, and
muscular frame, each require attention,
as well as the brain. The greatest pro
moter of the healthy action of these, l.er
haps, is exercise—such as walking, riding
leaping, dancing, &c. The importance of
these to health, in the full development of
the muscles of youth, and the strengthen
ing the body, have long been known, aud
NUMBER 10.
by some nations tlicy luivc boon extensive
ly practised for these purposes. The per
fect forms of the Greeks, Romans, nuil
Persians, were the result of this branch
of education receiving n largo share of
national attention. Athletic games were
instituted among them, having for their'
object the creation of robust frames, and
increasing the capability of the sinews to
the performance of their proper functions.
Ample provisions for exercise, wo think,
should be made at all colleges, seminaries,
and institutions of learning. Violent
gymnastic exercises, however, may be in
jurioui»! as even in the robust and health
ful strains and ruptures may lie occrt
•sioncd.
. A youth passes into manhood, care
sh-.uld )■, taken to form judicious habits
—tlie most important of which, Is that of
intcuipcr.im,— i self-control of the
.!]>[>'ti'f ai"l j. i-• -.ions. \ wild and rock -
it -:- coviin ynlil.ii tend* to weaken and
•iu , an early decay of (ho faculties in
m nil -A S'. if, nit n.l. therefore, should
lie uiu > the liisi principle* of youth,
fir witi.'iut it success in life is a matter of
extreme doubt. In the pursuit of hap
piness, wealth or honor, it should be a
leading characteristic.
We do not wish it understood, (hat
the physical education should bo the sole
object of attention, and the intellectual
and moral culture be neglected, although
we do hold it to be of first importance,
however little attention it may receive.—
Every observant individual must be bllt
too well aware of the fact that while our
people ar.e growing rapidly in knowledge,
they are certainly degenerating as a race
in strength and stature. Poes this not
demand public attention? We contend
that it werw better that high intellectual
attainments should not be reached, than
that the coming generation—the sons of
hardy forefathers—should become a race
of pallid, sickly striplings, without the
power to put into practice their acquire
ments, to obtain which the boon of health
has been bartered.— S'hool ,/ourmtl.
GEN.GRANT SLINKAGE. —Gen.Grant'#
family is of Scotch origin, and his imme
diate progenitors were Pennsylvanians.—
His father, Jesse It. Grant, a tanner by
trade, was born in Westmoreland county
in 1794, and is now living at Covingtoh
Kentucky. When five years old, his fath
er removed to Ohio. In 1821 Jesse mar
ried Hannah Simpson in Clermont county.
She was the daughter of John Simple,
and was born in Montgomery county, Pa.,
from which her father in 1818 removed to
Ohio. Ulysses Simpson Grant was the
first child bom of that marriage, his birth
day being April 27,1822. — ExtA'angr t
MRS. DOUGLAS, —It was denied some
time since that Mrs. Douglas was officia
ting as i\ clerk in the Treasury Depart
ment The Washington correspondent
of the Ki»con*in says, however, that pas
sing through the Treasury Department the
other day, I met Mrs. Stephen A. Doug
las, who is filling the duties of a twelve'
hundred dollar clerkship, in that depart
ment."
Ori" On Saturday night a parly of guer
rillas, supposed.to be a portion of Gil
more's band, made a dash into the village
of Bath, Morgan county. West Virginia,
and made prisoner of Mr. Beehtal, a State
Senator, and Mr. Wheat, a member of the
House of Delegates, (ion Sigel at once
ordered i pnr-uit. and some of the mis
crcaii 1 .- or.: rep rtod to have been taken.
Iv 'I!I I ,».|in */' H -ays: —
• 0»-«?r i" b v.'i, iir the city of Mosoittinc.
liv«. P< y V tllandighatn, a nephew of
(] vi vn d who is married, and
with a w. !!-■)» „s black as a Guinea
nnilri A brother of the first named
Vallan lives on this side of the
river opposite to Muscatine. lie, too, is
married to a negro."
TIIK lIIVAL SINOKRM AMI Dll. AIINE.
—Two gentlemen having differed in opin
ion which was the best singer, it was
agreed to leave the ease to Dr. Arne, who,
having hoard them both, observed to the
last gentleman that sung—
" Sir.'without offence, you are the worst
singer 1 ever heard in my life."
" There ! there !" exclaimed the other,
exultiugly, l; T told you so."
Sir.*' said the Doctor, "You must not
say a word, for j/ov ean'tsing at all.'
fc A traveler, relating his adven
tures, told the company that he and
his servant made fifty wild Arabs run
which started thetu* but he observed
that there was no great merit in that,
".for, " said ho, " we hm, and they
ran after us."
TUB NATURAL LIISTOBV
IT EH —The Morinanites urea set of brutes
little supeiior to the Baboon, and they
inny be ranKcd under the head of Orang-
Utahng
V r Lrtue may survive in the midst
of splendor —as the burning bush of Mo
ses was uneonsumed by the flame that
sttrroiimled it.