Vl President's Addrrst ! th
Scsvrom In directing tho Vice President
to preside at tlie deliberations of this body, tlie
constitution of our country assigns to him a
sphere and duty alike eminent and grateful.
Without any of the carea of real power, with
none of the responsibilities of legislation, except
in nre conjectures, he isaisociated withthed'g
nlhVd delegates of republican sovereignties; he
i posted by ihe entire American people in your
confederated Council, partly it would srom, as
an organ of Freedom's fundamental principle
of Order, and partly, perhaps, as a mere sym
hoi of -that more popular and "more perfect
union" on which depend the blessings of our
.Peace, Independence and Liberty. His mission,
tranquil and un imposing, is yet noble in its ori
gin and object), and happy, as well as proud,
in its relations to you.
Noone, gentletnen.can appreciate more high
ly or recognize more deferentially, than does
the incumbent of this chair, the powers, provi
leges, and rules or forma of the Senate of the
United States. To maintain these unimpaired i
and unrelaxed, he feels to bean official duty, '
second in impressive obligation only to his Con- I
stitutioiial allegiance. To their exercise the
Republic owes incalculable good; and through
them has been gradually achieved a widespread
fame for wisdom, justice, moderation and ffi
ciency, unsurpassed by any assembly of states
men in former or present times.
A calm and well adjusted system of action
in the chamber, carefully devised and steadily
pursued hy those who have preceded ua in it,
has indeed largely contributed to the undoubted
success of our great political experiment. In
stability, haste, procrastination, disCvXirlesy, and
indecision, habitually discountenanced and ban
ished, leave, in undisturbed supremacy here,
the powers of enlightened reason, and the vigor
of practical patriotism. Our country reaps j
thence solid and substantial advantage lit her po
licy, institutions, prospects, and renown.
The citizen whom it has pleased a people, to
elevate by their suffrages, from the pursuits of
private and domestic life, may best evince his
grateful sense of the honor thus conferred, by
devoting his faculties, moral and intellectual,
resolutely to their service. This I slmll do ;
yet with a diffidence unavoidable to one con
scious that almost every step in his nppo'nted
path is to him new and untried, and sensible
how dangerous a contrast must occur in the
transfer of powers from practised to unpractised
hands.
In observing, however, upon this floor, a num
bor of those experienced and slcilful statesmen
on whom the nation justly looks with pride and
reliance, I am assured that there can be but lit
tle danger of public disadvantage fiom innnver
tincies or mistakes, which their consent may
readily avert or rectify.
And thus, gentlemen, while aiming frankly
and impartially to exercise the functions of an
unaccustomed station in the spirit of the con
stitution, for the enlarged and lasting purposes
of a reverend country, and with sincere and
good-will toward all, I may cherish the encour
aging hope of being able, with the assent of an
indulgent Providence, at once to perform my
duty, and to attract your confidence.
W.J-. A -V 'i ll-LJ'l-ll. . 1 '. -I
Tut Wheat Insect. A correspondent of i
the New York Mirror gives the following ao
count of an occurrence whxh came under his
own notice, and which may serve to throw some
light upon the nature and chancter of that
plague of dinner, the wheat insect. He says
"In the spring of 1411, I placed a bag con
taining hall a bushel of white fl nt wheat in
seed drawer, under glass, and near the furnace
of my green house. On the 6ihof March, 1945,
I opened the bug, and to my surprise, found
thousand of living insects, such as are now pre
sented to you some were on the point of lea
v ng the kernel, cithers were just commencing
to cat through, and many were perfectly form
ed, and running about in all directions. Six
years ago, 1 was in tlie habit ofsoaking my ear
ly grains in suit brine, lor the purpose of des
troying the egg of tliii insect, which I assured
my neighbors, much to their amusement and
unbelief wu ensconced in the kernel. Now,
by accident, the fuel is made manifest. The in
sect would not have appeared until June, per
haps, had thu w heat been sown. The warm sit
uation which it occupied in the greenhouse
brought it thus early to maturity."
gaag g mi , i. i as l
THE AMERICAN.
Saturday, Jflareh Ifl, 1845.
C7" We are indebted to Messrs. Ilorton, Eyer,
Bright and Lniimun, of the Legislature, and
Messrs. Biichannnn, Bidlack, Pollock and others,
of Congress, for documents.
fXj- We have had several falls of snow this
week, making the roads very bad.
The Susquehanna is in fine order, and for
the last week has been covered with rafts and
arks, on their way to market.
A Nvsmery, or Seminary for tho 'Lndicsot'
the Sacred Heart," is about to be constructed
at Montreal, to aid in spreading Roman Catho
lic doctrines among the Protectant children of
British settlers. The French Canadian papers
are delighted with the idea.
These ladies now reckon no less than GO es
tablishments of their order in different parts of
the world, viz. : 1 in Fiance, 4 in and near Pa
ri?, 3 in and near Lyons, 12 in Italy, 2 in Switz
erland, I in Pol ino, 2 in England, 1 near Ion
don, and one near Bath, 1 in Ireland, 1 in Bel
gium, 1 in Africa, 9 in the United States, and 1
in Canada. They are found t. bo powerful
auxiliaries in sheading the Catholic religion,
and the French papers in Canada note with
great satisfaction that many intelligent Protes
tants in the United States scud their daughters
C7" The Spiuno Elections The election
for Justices of the Peace, Constables, Judges of
elections, &c, will take place on the 21st inst.
There ere a number of candidates before the
people, from which to select pood officers.
fj United States Senator. It affords us
great pleasure in saying that General Sivon
Camkron has been elected U. S Senator, in the
place of the lion. James Buchanan, appointed
Secretaryof State, in the Cabinet of Mr. Polk.
Gen. Cameron is a gentleman of talent, and a
strong advocate of the Tariff.
K7" Dkfi.ty Sirveyor. Abraham Shipman,
Esq., of Augusta, lias been appointed Deputy
Surveyor, for this county. The appointment is
a good one. Mr. Shipman is not only a man of
excellent character, but also a firm, unwavering
democrat.
CT The hell of the new Presbyterian Church,
in Northumberland, can be heard in this place,
on a calm evening, almost as distinctly as one of
nnr nu-n. Our neit'hhora have reason to be oroud
to these seminaries. Some of the young ladits I , ,.,, ... . ,.,.
become so oeiignieu wiuitne quiei lives ot uie
pious sisters that, on completing their education,
they consecrate themselves to the Church for
life. Ac if York Sun.
Three Childulm Fkozen to IHatii. A
touching incident is thus related by the auxil
iare Breton :
During the last few days of cold three young
children of the town of Baines had been sent
out by their parents to gsther dead wood. These
poor infanta lost themselves in the wood, and
night came on without their having been able
to refind their road. The eldest, scarce six
years old, sought some shelter, and there hud
dled up his little brothers ; he then Gripped
himself of his waistcoat, and covered them with
it, and made them a rampart from the cold with
his body. It was in this condition that they
were found the next morning, all three frozen
to death."
Xy We have received the first number of the
'Weekly Recorder, "' anew paper just started at
Selinsgrove, I'nion county, by Mr. Peter Fisher.
It is neutral in politics. Mr. Fishei served part
of his apprenticeship in this office. We wish him
all success in this new and rather hazardous en
terprise. fXThe "Fulton Herald" is a new paper pub
lished at Fulton, Mis by E. Y. Carr & Wm.
Shannon. Mr. Shannon was formerly of this
place, and is a sou of the Ute Sheriff, James R.
Shannon.
Tub Lead Caves or Missouri. TheCin
cinnati Chronicle says Our country is as great
in caves as it is in mountains and rivers. Among
these the most remarkable are the recently dis
covered lead caves of Missouri. They are B
bout sixty miles south of Saint Ixiuis, in JefTer-
e n county, not fur from Herculaneum. A sc
ries of large caves ban been discovered in a rkli
lead mine, which seems to be made, as it were,
out of lead. Five have here now been discove
red, leading from one to another but the end is
not yet ; for the end has not been discovered.
The following arc their dimensions :
let Cave, 30 feet by 30
2d do 2-j do M
3d do 40 do 70
4th do 25 do 30
Slh has been explored only partially. The
following paragraph from the St, Louis Repub
lican, will explain what is known of these caves:
"Gen. James Hunt, formerly of Trenton,
New Jersey, has led the way in the discovery
of the succession of caves in thie lead since the
commencement. The last account we gave of
him, about a month ago, ho had just catered cave
No. 4 ; he has now made his way CO feet in No.
5, and masses of (lutcua are the only hindrance
to his further progress. Before the two last
caves were discovered, this we considered the
greatest lead on record ; and now the prospects
for the future seem to brighten aa he advances.
"This lead runs about South, thirty-five de
grees East, commencing about ten miles from
Hillsborough, the county scat for Jefferson coun
ty the lead being about S5 miles south of St.
Ixiuis.
"It is owned by a company of a few individu
als besides tho General, 6omc of whom reside
in this city.
Catsi of Insanity. In a report of one of J
the public institutions for the insane, we find,
among the supposed causes of innnily, the fol
lowing : Millerisin, 8 men and 5 women ; dis
appointment in love, 9 men and 4 women ; po
lilical excitement, 5 won ; Fourierism, 1 man ;
preaching 10 days and night, 1 mau ; study of
phrenology, 1 man. O,' 'Kil patients, insanity
commenced in 1J0 between the ages of 20
and 25.
Smoking Hams. Hams are very effectually
preserved from the attacka of the fly, while
their quality is not at all injured, by throwing
rod pepper upon the fire in the smoke house,
during the latter part of the operation.
Water Mills ok the Dam'ue The edi
tor of the Savannah Republican, iu one of his
letters from abroad, says that below Presburg,
the Danube spreads tint into one broad expanse,
with flat uninteresting hank-), which are some
times faced with stone to control the vagaries
of the capricious and changing current. A few
miles below Presburg begin the water mills,
which occur at intervals of a few miles on al
most every part of the lower Danube. These
mills are formed of two boats moored in the ri
ver, in the direction ot 'he stream, on each of
which rests one end of a large water wheel that
revolves with the current. In each boat is a
small house, one of which is the d wel ing of the
miller and hra family, wlrle the other is the
mill. Often forty or fifty ol theee milU may be
seen hear the same place, and when they (-erur
together they are generally moored in (7hVi,
so that no one is immediately in tho rear of the
other. It is a pleasing thing on rushing down
the mighty stream in a tt'eamhoat to hear the
peaceful clack of these mills the only sound
breaking the solitude that reigns around. It is
a curious fact that, until a very recent date, the
only use theso waters were made to subserve,
was the turning of the mills. The Romans
knew more about the river and made more use
of it than the inhabitants of Modern Europe, up
to the beginning of this century. Uickiitll'i
Rr porter.
How to be Waited Chin. The following
story, from the Mirror, may be called the last
Yankee trick :
"We heard a ettry worth recording, a Yan
kee variation of an expedient tried some years
ago by an Englishman at Saratoga. John Bull,
in that instance, after calling in vain to the fly
ing attendants at the crowded tuble, splashed a
handful of silver into his plate and handed it to
a waiter, with a request fur "a clean plate and
some soup,'' A Massachusetts Judge, probably
reinc-Vring this, drew a gold piece from his
pocket last week while sitting hungry at the
stripped table at Washington, and tapping his
tumbler with it till heatlracttd attention, laid it
Cv The Lycoming Gazette, of last week, says
they received, on Thursday evening last, the on
ly two copies of the Inaugural Address that
reached that place, and adds :
"By this marked attention, we are enabled to
spread this highly interesting document before
a portion of our readers this (Friday) alternoon,
in advance of our cotemporaries of this and ad
joining counties."
In order to convince the editor that there are
some few smart folks out of Williamsport, we
shall only mention that we struck off a lew co
pies of the Inaugural on Thurrduy evening, and
sent seveial by mail that night to '-cote iiiporarirs
of adjoining counties.'1
0JT Taxes ox Stair Storns. Messrs. Coop
er and Trego, of the Committee on Ways and
Means, have made minority report adverse to
taxing State Stocks. That Foreign and other
stockholders, when receiving dividends on their
stocks, should contribute as well as others from
their annual income, is a principle of equity that
must be obvious to all. The farmer, who lays
out a thousand dollars in land, which yields him,
with his labor, from three to six per cent, must,
of course, pay his tax on that amount, while the
money lender, it seems, who invests his thou
sand in State Stocks, is receiving from five
to six per cent, without performing any labor
whatever, asks to be exempted from this burden.
The report, however, attempts to draw a dis
tinction between the two classes, and argues
thus :
"It is urged in substance by the majority, that
the comtnoiiwi alih, in all the tax lawa which
she has passed, has exercised the same power
which is claimed for her now. It is said that
lands, which are the subject of taxation, were
sold by her, and that the prent proprietors hold
of her, or under her, by virtue of a contract, the
consideration of which was the money original
ly paid by the purchasers ; and that, notwith
s'snding such contract, the lands have always
been taxed for the support of Uovernment.
This is undoubtedly true, but the cates are
widely different. It i- a part of the compact
between the government and people always and
everywhere that the latter should contribute to
the support of the former. This obligation of
the people enters into and forms a part of the
compact between them and the Government. It
is the price they pay for protection, and the
Government has a riulit to exact it. But the
Government has no riyht to compel loans, ei
ther from her own citizens or strangers. W hen
she nlaces herself in the attitude of a borrower.
stie is more ot a suppliant than a sovereign, and fciiKlnesm
the contract she ma ks as such is ss on igautry
uiHin her as it she were a mere private terion.
Iler sovereignly gives her no exemption ; and
the constitution of the United Stales declares
that she shall not, by any exercise of the legis
lative power, discharge herself from the obliga
tion of her contract."
It is surprising; that men of their talents and
understanding should resort to arguments so fal
lacious and untenable. Whoever heard of the
Government compelling loans from citizens or
strangers! And that the Government has been
a suppliant, is as groundless as ''the baseless fa
biie of a vision." Who does not recollect w hat
a rush there used to be for the stock, and the spe
culations that were made, by management, in
procuiing it. In England, where they under
stand the subject of taxation bvtter than in any
other country, foieifn as well as other stock
holders of their enormous public debt, pay a 1ax
on the same. They are taxed upon the princi
ple that they are bound to contribute to the sup
port ol the government, which pioteets their
pnpe-ty ; for a government bond is just as much
property as any other personal property can be.
The tax thus received will amount to nearly
$100 (wu per annum, and assist greatly in pay
ing the interest of our public debt.
K7" RKstn.iATto or Ma. Bee iiaxa. The
following message was received by the Legisla
ture on the 8th inst., from the Executive :
Executive Chamber, I
March, 8, 1841. )
To tht Stnntt and Hnwe of Htprmtnlativn of
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Gentlemen the Hon. James Buchanan, hav
ing accepted tha office of Secretary of State of
the Lnited States, has forwarded to me his resig
nation as one of the Senators of Pennsylvania in
the Senate of the United States, a copy of which
I have the honor herewith to transmit to the Le
gislature, that the vacancy may be snpplied a
grecably to taw.
(Signed.) FRANCIS R. SHUNK.
Corv.
Wasiiisuton, 5th March, 1815.
Mr Dsar Sir : Having accepted the office of
Secretary of State, to which I have been called
by President Polk, I now respectfully tender to
you my resignation as one of the Senators of
Pennsylvania, in the Senate of the United States,
and request that you may communicate the same
t the Legislature.
In thus severing the bonds which have so long
bound me to the Legislature and people of Penn
sylvania, I lannot, in view of their past kindness,
repress the rising emotions of my heart. My
gratitude shall terminateonly with my existence;
and my anxious desire to retain their approbation
shall animate my future exertions to deserve it
on the nw theatre of duty to which I have been
called. Imploring the blessing of Heaven upon
my efforts, I humbly trust, that during the re
mainder of my public life, 1 shall not disgrace
the glorious old Commonwealth which gave me
birth, and has ever treated me with, parental
With sentiments of the highest res
I remain sincerely your Iriend,
Jamks Biciiana.
pect,
LEGISLATIVE PROCEEDINGS.
llARRisst.Rri, March 10th.
A resolution passed the House this morning,
instructing the Committee on Retrenchment and
Reform to inquire into the expediency of allot
ting the public works, by sections, to the lowest
and west bidder.
In the Senate, Mr. Sullivan reported as a re
form measure, a bill to reduce the session to 60
days, and to alter tho constitution so that it will
conform to the bill for the election of Piesident
and Vice President on the tame day.
The House Resolutions, providing for the e-
lection of U. S. Senator on Thursday, was con
curred in. The bill providing for a Reporter of
decisions of the Supreme Court, was reported,
amended, from the Judiciary Committee. The
bill lor an Out-Let Lock at Black s Eddy, was
reported from the Committee on Corporations.
Mr. Champneyt repotted from the Committee
on Education, a bill lequiring children applying
for admission to the Schools hereafter, to be at
least 6 years of age.
(In motion of Mr. Crabb, the Finance Commit
tee was instructed to report upon the expediency
of reporting a bill requiring the State Treasurer
to give monthly reports of the leceipts and ex
penses of the State.
California. The Washington correspondent
of the Journal of Commerce says : "There is
now a fair prospect that we shall acquire Cali
fornia by Treaty. The Whig party will com
mence the new movement for this object, by
way of a set-offat;ainst Texas. The possession
of California will be as valuable to us as that of
Texas, and it can be. and probably will be, ac
quired by Treaty. A joint resolution will be
introduced, in Executive session, it is said, by
Mr. Archer, requesting the President to open a
negotiaton with Mexico forthe settlement of th
buiimlary between the United States and Mexi
co, and also for obtaining indemnity from that
Government for spoliations of American com
merce and outrages on American citizens. Mex
ico will be expected, of course, to give up the
Elections. The annual election in New
Hampshire took place on the 11th instant.
Four members of Congress and a Ciovernnr were
chosen. John 11. Steele, the former Governor,
was the llemocratic candidate for re-election.
In Rhode Island, the annual election comes off 'j California, in part pay.
on the 'id of April, and is for (iovernorand two j
members of Congress. Jumes Fennet, the pre-
tent incumbent, is the Law and Order candidate I
! for the gubernatorial chair.
I The election in Connecticut, for Governor and
four members of Congress, will be held on the 7th
j of April.
j In Virginia, on the 17th of April, fifteen mem
i bers of Congress and the Legielature are to be
! chosen.
C7 Canal Commissioner. A large meeting
was held at Bloomshurg, on the 27th ult., for the
purpose of appointing delegates to attend the
Convention at Harrisburg, to nominate a Canal
Commissioner Daniel Snyder, Esq., presided at
the meeting. Jas. S. Munroe was appointed the
Kepresentative delegate, and A. Beaumont, of
Luzerne, the Senatorial delegate, with instruc
tions to support Col. IU.nry C. Etna, for Canal
Commissioner.
rX7" Tiif. Cor rt Hoi sr. The Bar in our
Court House has been entirely renioddled and
enlarged. The Bench occupied by the Judges
has been widened and extended. The railing and
panel work around the Bar is now about three
and a half feet high, affording a free circulation of
heat in the w inter, as w ell as air in the summer
season. The Grand Jury will now occupy three
seats, running parallel fiom the Bench, about
twelve feet ill length, on the right of the Judees
and outside of the railing of the Bar. The Jurort
will, therefore, enter the boxes without inter
fering with the Bar. The Traverte Jury w ill
occupy a similar position on the left, with two
spaces lor chairs, equal in width to the three
(Jiand Juty boxes. The Bar extends out a
bout five feet beyond the Jury boxes, and it near
ly square, with about three feet of the corners
cutoff. Inside the bar. on the right, there will
be a long table parallel with the Jury boxes.
On the left there will be two circular tables, to
be occupied by counsel, engaged in trying cau
ses. The Prothonatary't desk will occupy the old
place, but sidewise to the Court, and with hit
back to the Grand Jury. The desk of the Orphans'
Court Clerk on the opposite tide. The whole
hat been admirably arranged for the convenience
and comfort of the Bench. Bar and Jury, and re
flects the highest credit on Ihe commissioners
and the committe of arrangement. It is proper
to say that the dry rot had completely destroyed
the sleepers of the floor, and that nothing but a
few boards running under the Judges Bench pre
vented the floor going down.
fX7TAXF The proceedings before the Board
of Revenue Commissioners shew tome strange
things. For instance, the tax in this county on
trades and occupations, it is said, amounts to over
beside his plate, and pointed to it while he men
tioned what he wanted. He was miraculously
supplied of course, but, w hen he had nothing
more to aak, ho politely thanked the waiter, and
returned the gold piece to hit own pocktt!"
A gentleman was lately inquiring for a young
lady ot his acquaintance. "Sho ia dead," very
gravely replied '.he person to whom he addres
sed hia inquiries. "Good God ! I never heard of
it what waa her disease 1" "Vanity." repli
ed the other ; she buried herself alive in the
arms of an old fellow of seventy, with a fortune,
in order to have the glorious satisfaction of a
gliJed tomb I"
Miss In, who is a lady of some fortune,
and sister to Mr. Dix, U. S. Senator from New
York, in her praiseworthy and humane efforts in
behalf of the insane, visited every Jail, Hospi
tal and Almshouse in the State,' excepting one or
two. She thus speaks of the Jail in this place,
and pays Shet iff Maurer the compliment of keep
ing it in decent order, which is more than can .
be said of mot of our prions :
"NoRtHi'MHERt.ANii Coi vt v Jail, in Sunburv. I
was in decent order. 1 found no prisoners, but j
learned that this prison was subject to all the
objections w hich apply to the majority of conn- j
ty prisons. The prisonert were well supplied j
at their meals from the keeper s table, at 1 was
told.
This county has no poor house ; the poor are
distributed in the several townships a conveni
ence and economy may determine. I learned
from a medical practitioner, and others, that there
were in the county many casct of insanity, ur
gently claiming appropriate care ; but the entire
number of idiots, epileptics, and insane, I could
not lrarn. Many suffer from absolute neglect,
and some become, it is feared, incurable through
want of remedial treatment."
CTirSLE MR AND Pl.t. TICKLE YOl'. The
Harrisburg papers, of both parties, are engaged
writing short sketches of the characters of the
members of the legislature. According to thete
sketchet we have the congregated wisdom and
virtue of the whole State assembled within the
four walls of the Capitol. It appears there is not
a man among the one hundred and thirty three
who it not distinguished for something.
Si st(i'F.iiASN Pkonri-R. The first cons'gn
ment of Susquehanna produce reached Baltimore
on Friday ; about lhOO barrel of (lour, to Messrs.
Hazlehurst and Walters.
Coal Thaiik. The whole amount of coal fiom
the Schuylkill region, from the 1st of January
till tl.a l.r... f m. m VI trrnm
I ,
Tun Far West. It is almost inconceivable
with what rapidity the people of the country are
moving towards the Far West. The Western
Journal of the l.'dhultimo givesthe returns of an
election in Piatt county, on the west line of Mis
souri, at which two thousand votes were polled,
giving a population of more than ten thousand.
This county cannot be found on the most modern
maps. Yet this I'hitt county is filled up with a
dense population, and a line of four horse post
coaches runs from St. Louis to Weston. Towns
and cities rise in the West, literally, as it under
magic influene. Such are the effects of free in
stitutions, applied to a fertile country.
Wiskonsin Tt:linnotiv. It is proposed to di
vide Wiskonsin into two territories, one to b
called Superior Territory, which will embrace
an area of lbO OOtl square miles.
A State in Emiiiivo. Nebraska is described
by one who has often traversed it as among the
most inviting regions ot the far West. It is said
to be perfectly healthy, and the finest grazing
country on the continent.
Splknmu Present to Mr. Ci.at. A rich
and beautiful plate, lays the Louisville Journal
of Tuesday, passed through this city last week
as a present to Mr. Clay. We understand it came
from New York.
Mrs. Tyler has been much complimented by
some of the Washington letter writers, on look
ing ' sweetly." It is thought that life on a re
tired Virginia plantation will not suit her. Mrs.
' Polk is represented as very gay in the matter of
! dress, while her husband is negligent.
I
Gov Dorr, it is said, is at present so feeble in
health as to be unable to pel form any labor in the
prison workshop.
Wild Pigeons, in large numbers, have made
their appearance at Buffalo. For the last few
days, immense flocks have been in the woods,
An Early Call. Mr. Marcy took chargeof ; between Cold pnngs ami black iock.
the War Department on Saturday. He was
scarely in hit place when he received a vis.t from j A Laroe Family. A Mrt. and Mr. Pealy of
an applicant, of whom the correspondent of the , Jackson county, Missouri, have twenty-seven
Baltimore Sun gives the following account: I children.
"Yesterday, a young man stepped into this
Department, and, assuming an air of importance, !
seated himself at one of the tablet, and asked j
one of theclerks, 'Well! is your new man come
A correspondent of the Boston Atlas, dated
London, Feb. 3, says: "Autographs are highly
valued in this country . and even at an auction
sale they often command very high prices. There
was a large sale, last week, of autograph letters
and historical documents, at Fletcher's, in Pic
cadilly. Out of several hundred lots of autogiaphs
of sovereigns, noblemen, statemen, and literal y
characters, it is a proud fact, that an autograph
letter of Washington's commanded a higher sum
than any other autograph letter ! For example,
a letter of Shenstone's, the poet, brought thir
teen shillings one of Dr. Fiauklin's brought
thirty three shillings two letters in the hand-j
writing of Mrs. Jordan, brought only seven shil
lings while one letter in that of Chas. James
Fox brought only eight shillings, and one of Can
ning's lettert brought the same sum. Autographs
of George II., III., and IV., brought from seven
to fourteen (hillings and one of 'Marye the
Oucene,' brought twenty-two shillings. Sir
Walter Scott's autograph brought eight shillings.
The grand lot of all. No 100. commanded a much
higher turn. Thit lot was thus described in the
catalogue: 'A letter ot the celebrated (jeori.e
Wasinv.lo.N, dated Fail fax, county of Virginia,
June'.'l, 1771." There was a spirited competi
tion for this lot, which was finally told for two
pounds and five shillings. It is remarkable that
the letter of an American Piesident should com
mand a higher turn than the autographs of Bri
tish Kings and Statesman ! This simple inci
dent shows, in some decree, the high estimation
of Washington among Englishmen."
Emigrants going into the State of Mississippi
are allowed to bring their slaves with them.
cenn I.. f.l,,,..i.;.. ....,., cn,nuili!ii .if. r cum !
' I nm.Aiirn fl: Hi . . t A n imt,rAVii ransl
i f .1 .11 Tl. ' ' 1 -
BIIU 111 L.VCUII1IIIC IU I1IBI llUlllllfU Ul (III.
raised on watches, in Berks county, is put down
at i7,3.1h; in Allegheny $331,50, and in Chester
only $120. Allegheny and Chester counties eon
tain almost at large a population at Berks. We
have but little confidence in the measures of the
Board. According to the valuations fixed by the
Commissioners and others, proierty in this
county it valued about the same as that of Lan
caster county, and yet, any man who hat any
knowledge on the subject, knows that land, gen
erally, in Lancaster county, will sell readily at
prices double the amount, of land in this.
rjy The nomination of Mr. Bancroft, Secre
tary of the Navy, lias been confirmed without se
rious opposition.
boat, avoiding the burden of steam engine, and
worked by horse power on its decks, has been
invented and patented by Mettrt. Delvan &
Richardt, machinist! and boat builders of Read
ing. A boat with the improvement is in progress
of erection at that place, and will be tested in the
course of the summer.
Acts or Congress. The session of Congrett
just closed patted teitnty-nint acta and tixteen
joint retolutiont. The acts of general importance
which were patted have already been mentioned.
The other acts are for the relief of individuals
and for local purposes.
Com i Ni. Fresh shad are served up in Balti
more daily
in yet V The clerk replied that Gov. Marcy
had not "et entered the Department. 'Hem!'
said tht joungster. 'I'm an applicant for office.
I'm from the same town he it he used to be in
favor of tuperteriptioit, and I believe he is in fa
vor ottuperifriptitiit now ; my papers are before
the President, and if there it any tupernriptiun
1 shall get an office that 1 shall."
Cotton Mani'eac Tt'REt at Pitism aci. The
Piltshutg (iazette notioet the formation in tkat
city of a company for cotton manufacturing on
an extentive tcale. (They will run b00 tpin
diet and 2 J5 loomt, weaving all their yarn ) A
nother cotton mill w ill be built at toon as prac
ticable, for spinning and weaving the founda
tions, 100 by 70 feet, are already laid. Thit will
be the seventh, betides oue idle.
SinoaY Amiszmknys Cockfights every
Tuesday, Friday and Sunday evenings, are ad
vertised in New Orleans.
Pkoi.ress or Rfi inement. The Vicksburg
Constitutionalists says that no smoking of cigars
or pipes it permitted in any ehureh in the city of
Vicksburg '.
Demand roa Railroad Iron. The Tribune
sys by reason of the great number of new Rail-
! roads in progress, both in England and in this
country, the cost of their construction it materi
! ally increased. The Iron manufacturers find it
! at much at they can do to keep up with the de
mand. On the arrival of the steamer, Iron went
up from 10 to 15 per cent.
Outo Bankiso Law It is stated that there
are to be seven new banks under the Ohio Bank
ing law ; one in Cincinnati, two at Columbus,
two at Cleveland, and two at Zanetville, all in
dependent. The Bank of Ohio, it is said, will
never go into operation.
The manufacture of Britannia Ware is about
to be commenced in Albany, by a wealthy house
of that city.
The lee trad at St. Louis is quite lively- The
article tells at from It SO to 15 00 per ton.
Law. An English paper says there are now
no fewer than 1450 statutes in force, and of 376
more tuppoted to be repealed, or obtolete, there
are 143 ol which no man ran certainly say whe
ther they are repealed or not. Yet we areall
supposed to know the law '.
Smi'vclinc in Ekglanp. It costs 500,000
a year to put down smuggling in England, and
goods, to the value of millions, are, nevertheless,
smuggled there every year.
Cast Iron Monuments for the dead are made in
Knglar.d instead of marble and granite.