S II NTH
k3 U II Jjj
AMER
ID V
r. A TV
110
JL
OFFICE, MAHKET STREET, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE.
IT. B. MASSEPi, EDITOR AND PHOPlUETOPi.
JLlJiu gi.L
SI .ir.nmfly iirtuspnpcr-Dr)otrti Yo'jjolttfcs, aftcrntuvc, iHoraltts, jrorclflit nnU Domcstfc Clrtos, science ant the 3rts,jaiilraM
fee
NEW SERIES, VOL. 0, NO. 81.
SUNBURY, NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, PA., SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1853.
OLD SLR IKS, VOL
14, KO. C,
1
TERMS OF THE AMERICAN.
TflK AMF.IIICAN in piibliilieil every Saturday nt
TWO DOt.l.AUt per nilnuin til be puiU hull' yearly in
advance. Nit paper .lisciuitiiuicii until all arri'tmigc. are
imiii.
All eotnmilniention. or letters on business rehtlng to
the uflice, tu iuiure attention, must be I'DST TAIL).
TO CI.UiM.
rtiree eopici to one lulilrc., Fa no
f-v,n d n tu 00
J'iitwn di p autK)
Five dollars in nitvnnee will pay for Ihtee yctit'. iub.
fccriptiun to the American.
O0 Snunre of IB lino., 3 time,
I'.vefV .ilbsettieul insertion,
One 5'iunrr, 3 nionllis,
flix niontbs,
One year,
Uu.inv.s Cnnls of Five lines, per nnnntn,
ft on
23
Soil
sou
HID
3U0
JWelclinnM inn! iitlitxn, mieertixinu by tlie
yenr, with tbe privilege of inserting
ilirTercnt nitveiliseincitts weekly. 1000
I" l.'ri;er Aitvertiseinents, ti. per ngreomei.t.
A T T O U N E Y A T L A W ,
ECHEURTT, PA.
Business attended to ill the Counties of Nor
thumberland, Union, Lycoming and Coltiinliia.
Kefir to t
r. & a. Uovouiit,
Lower & Bnrron,
Somcrt & Snodirar, Thihul.
Reynolds, McF tivlanJ & Co.,
Uncling, (loud &. Co.,
HENRY D0NNEL,
ATTORNEY AT XiAV7.
Office opposite the Court House,
Sunbury, Northumberland County, Pa.
Prompt attention lo business in adjoining
Ctnintit'8.
wn7 mT rockefeller,
ATTOXINjCIT AT LAW
Sl ASIi SlV,
Dee. 13. 1831. tf.
M. L. SHINDEL,
-TTCP.1TET AT Li-V",
SUNBURY, PA.
December 1, 1852. If.
DOCTOlt I. Y. Ill UliKS.
OFFICE on Broadway, near llir Episcopal
Church, Siniliiirv.
Sunbury, May 14, 'lK.'i3. if.
LA WHENCE HOUSE,
SUNBURY, PA.
nnilE subscriber respectfully informs lits friends,
J- nnd the public, generally, thai he has oiencd
the "Lawrence lIonX'" m:d will do his best rn
uruvnis lo iiic.im' tlto pnl'lii-.
SAMTKt. T1IOMPS-OX.
Putibnrv TV1
50, 1S33 tf.
ELAYMAKER & HASLETT.
III'. Hint Street lielow 7 Id,
tSJI'-AOSLniTA.
IhwJ $1.31 V-r (hvj.
rinla., Mbv 1S3:1.
Dilwnrtli. Uninson tS Co.
I.Mi'uit rr.its nK DKAi.i'.r." in
I'ori'iU'u ESoE5i;sJ :c
HARDWARE, CUTLERY, &C.
2. H'J Mm Li I St., 1 (him-1-luie -2d St,
rilll.ADKU'IlIA.
Wliero tliry iiIwuvk lift on liand it lame st.W of
rverv variety of llaidtvaro, t'litlt rv, fVc.
Win. Iilv.vorllt. Henry D. I.nndU.
Spimiel Uriin n. JaiiitH M. Vimee.
(Moher 10, IM.'iJ. ly.
THE DEAD BROUGHT TO LIFE !
Old Sanbitri rifiiig out nf Iter slrcp of iwi.ty
years.
Tlie Iron horw nortitig and lilowinuf Ii.ik tirons.
rd lier Ii'Cj.in cncrgii'ii and inl'.ised new vior
into tier prostrate syfitem. One of its first t-lli-rts
in seen ill tin- vast iiinonnt of new und iasliioiia
lile goods, just now arrived lit
T. W. TLNKU & CO S STORE.
Tlieir utoek is elemintand varied and well wortli
eeinn : uyp, nii'l Intyi'iK l" nt lite prier tliey
oiler tliem ; till urc tespc-etuely inviled lo inspect
lid pun Imse.
Sunlinry, !ept. 10, lS.'l.
' WM. M'CAltTV,'
it (i o k s : 1. 1. 1: u ,
Market Stm t,
SUNBURY, PA.
J'
VST received and fur sale, a fresh supply of
r.v l X (a EMC 1 1. .11 1 1 1 J
or .Sincintf deltoids, lie is also openiusf nt
linie, n large assortment of Hooks, ill every
vrnneli of Literature, consisting of
Toetrv, History, Novels, Honiances, Scientific
Works, I.aw, Medicine, S.liool and C'liildreti'
Uooks,' Ui'des J School, 1'ocket nnd Family, both
w ith and without Knirravinirs, and every of vari
ety of binding. Prayer Hooks, of all kinds.
Also just received and for sale, Purdons Di
gest of the laws of Pennsylvania, edition of 1851,
price only $0,00.
Judge Heads edition of Blaekstonei Coinmen.
laries, in 3 vols. 8 vo. formerly sold at $10,00,
and now offered (in fresh binding) at Iho low
price of $6,00.
A Treatise on the laws of Pennsylvania re
apecting the estates of Ueccdcnti, by Thomas F.
(Jordon, price only $1,00.
Travel. Voyage and Adventure, all ol
which will lc jld low, either for cash, or coun
try produce.
'February, 21, 1853. tt.
NOT1CK,
si: or Noiitiioi bi:
Bask or NoiiTiir ih.ulami, )
Northumberland, June '
ic 25, 1853.
The Director of the1 Hank of Northumberland
rive notice that they ii'"J 10 l'l'1)' u ll,e next
Legislature of ihi Commonweal III, for n renew
al of it charier with the amc capital, and with
tt present title, location and privilege, lly
order of the Eourd.
JXO. TAGGAKT, Prest.
June 25, 1833. 6m.
NOTICK
VTOTICE i hereby given, that application
XI will 1 made to llie next legislature oi
.vlv.nia. for the incorporation of a company.
with dicounting p ivi'-'Z". to lie located in ti.e
. nf Kniihurv. in the county of Ncwtlium-
bcrlanil, with a capital of One hundred thousand
dollar, to be called luo --oyra
ifiiKe."
Suiibury, June 25, le53 Gin.
I.ItESH Vanilla Bean of a superior quality
J- iuit received and for ule by
June 4, 185J- 11. B. MASSE R.
TRITISG FLUID and self ealing Enve-
T lope, iut received aim lor aie Djr
A.,U19. i85l II. It. MASSE R.
From tlie New York Henild.
coai.s of run ,viii)i)i,r: ni:f;io ok
BITIOI AT TIIK CIlYSTAf. I'Al.ACK.
Not the least attractive pari of the Crystal
Palace Exhibition, is the mineral depart
ment, n tiller the supervision of Prof. Sillitnan.
The collodion of specimens is so vast and
varied, repscseuliiig so many grcnt interests,
1 hul Iho visitor is nt once shuck with the
power, grandeur, nnd wealth of the nation in
minerals jet embedded in iho bowl of llie
e.irlh. The deposit of leading manilude
and importance to this connlty, is coal We
propose, therefore, lo consider to-day, the
Black Diamond, as litis mineral is commonly
There are three distinct species of coal
known, viz: Anthracite, I'iltiminous, mid
Caiiiiel Coal : but there is, (jeoloiiists tell ns,
an almost indefinite number of varieties,
occupying every possible shade of difference
between the most perfectly fotmed umbra
cite on Ihe one hand nnd of cannel on the
other. They run into each other, n writer
on the subject obsetves, by such slight varia
tions, Ihat it is almost impossible lo tell to
which species certain varieties belonu;.
Providence lias thus, ns in all his works,
shown the benevolence of His character by
fiiriiishinir us with ns great n variety, in this
most important fuel, ns there is in the uses
' lo which it is to be applied. There is no
I one kind of coal that will answer for nil
! purposes, nor i there any kind that is nse
' less, or nnstiitrd to srime purpose. It is for
Ihe want of the knowledge of these facts
that people often pronounce certain kinds of
coal poor, or even woithless; because they
do not compml themselves in Ihe same man
ner in the lire that other coa'sdo with which
they nre acquainted. Every variety nf coal
is suited lo the production of some specific
elToit. and requires a corresponding variety
in the treatment of its combustions. It is
not pretended that all kinds of coal are of
equal value any more than that all kinds of
wqpd are. Fifty years a-jo Anthracite coal
was thought to be utterly useless, becar.se it
would not burn in tlio grates then in use ;.
and it was remarked, that it would, never
burn until the last "real conflagration. But
a small change, in the form of the grate. nou
showed it to be thu most valuable fuel ever
known.
This country, however, i not only favored
wiih every vaiiidv of coal, but has an atea
j of square mill's twelve times gteatef than
any other country. The coal Held of the
! United Stall's embrace an area of 133,.rG'
square miles; those of (I;eat Ibitaiu and
: 1 1 -l;i ml only ll.S'i!); those of Ppaiu 3.-WS:
Fi nice 1.7ISI. The lliili-h Ninth Ameiicati
i Colonics which have ari aiea of H (100
j square miles, is the tenitoiy that tanks next
! to the United States, and tin!, in comqer ni.
( falls into insignificance,
j Of the 133.5(1!) sqnaie miles of coal land
in the United State?. Pennsylvania has about
1G,0D0 miles, or cue-third of its entire area.
Within the state is embraced Anthracite,
Bituminous and Semi-Bituminous coal
while the other coal states are almost ex
clusively made up of the Bituminous and
Cannel species. The Anthracite regions, of I
Pennsylvania, though coin paiat ively nothing
in snpeificial area, placed by the side of the j
liitumi nous iainls, lulling slioit ot -HHi square
miles, produce more tons of fuel than the
almost boundless fields of Bituminous coal.
j scattered over Ihe twelve slates. Tlie great
ib'posiloiy of Anthracite, in this state, which
Taylor, in his statistical wmk, regards as the
I only one, in fact, of material value on this
I continent, and which forms the most inter-'
I .. ..: i.i ,.r .....I ..! i....:. ,t
e(lli tissr 11 1 u lau ui isu iui cu v oat-iusin.- i lit. i
the woild has yet produced, or the geologist
investigated, is divided into thtee distinct
cual Holds.
They lie in the "counties of Schuylkill,
Panpliin, Lebanon, Carbon, Norlhiimbeiland,
Luzerne and Columbia, nnd aie watered by
the Susquehanna, Schuylkill and Lehigh, and
lheir numerous tributary blanches. They
are called:
1st. Tha Schuylkill or Southern Region,
which extends from iho Lehigh, near Mauch
Chunk, on the east, to its western termiuusi
at D.inphin, on tha Susquehanna a distance
of about seventy-five miles with a width at
its greatest breadth of six miles.
2nd. The Middle or Shamokin Region,
extends from Buck Mountain, on the Lehigh,
to the Mahanoy, ten miles fioin the Susque
hanna in length about 50 miles.
3d. The Wyoming, Wilkesbarre or Nor
thern Region, extending from its northeastern
end, on Ihe headwaters of Lackawanna
Creek, to its eastern point nt Shickshinny,
ci the north btanch of the Susquehanna a
distance of upward of sixty miles.
Each of these legions, as well as the bitu
minous nnd cannel fields of other States, have
specimens on exhibition. Our lemark to.
day will be confined lo those of the middle
anthracite region of Pennsylvania. There
are from this region some twenty-six speci
mens taken from the lands ot the companies
we shall presently notice. These specimens,
though onpretending, and not of the huge
bulk of others on the ground, will compare
favorably with the best anthracils in the
Fair. In point of purity or freedom from
slate and eaithly matter desidcia'a of the
fust importance these coals, Professor Ro
gers, who analyzed tome from the same beds,
says will rank with the very purest to be
met with in the anlhracile country. This is
the Jecsion of all persons competent to pro
nounce upon the quality of a coal upon in
spection fio:i as pure and slronj, the Pio
Tensor gives it as his opinion, can bo manu
factured from Ihe anthracite of this region,
ns is produced from charcoal. In shnit,
these coals nre recommended for their speci
fic gravity, lame proportion of caibnirnnd
consequent combustion, nnd long continuance
and uniformity, their general cleanliness)
&c, &c.
The Middle region has remained for some
years, it may be said alnust w holly unde
veloped, owing to n want of facilities fur
reaching rtiniket. This dillicully, we nre
gratified to know, is being rapidly overcome
by the construction of railroads leading to
the piincipal innikels of the country, and
the formation of improvement companies
within the region itself. There are already
some nine or ten of these) improvement
companies, besides) injjvidnal operations, nil
of which nre actively engaged in putting
tlieir lands in condition lor the mining of
large quant ity.
1. Fiis! in order of these companies is
Tub Piiii.adki.i'iiu and ScNBunv Uail
hoad Compavv. The lands of this company
embiace 3,000 acres of the best coal ptoper.
ty of i tin region, running from east lo west
six miles, lengthwise with the mountains
and coal measures. The vein of coal on the
laud, some sixteen in number, can be worked
in parallel lines I he v hide of this distance
At a point ju ihe veins lespeolively numbered
twelve! and thitleeii, there is a woikiug
bieasl of coal, of at least 500 yards, tillord
ing incomparable operations. From a cal
culation before ns, by a ptaciieal geologist,
seven of iho sixteen veins of coal belonging
tu this company will pioduce two hundred
and eighty-three milliont ttiviy-six thousand
six hundred and sixty-six tons of coal. Veins
Nos 1, 2 and 3. in the conglomerate seiiesi
underlie the 3,000 acies. Their Ihieknoss
is set down thus :
No. 1 U 0 feet thick.
No. 2 is 7 feel thick.
Nil. 3 is 0 feel thick.
Making 22 feet, or 7J yutds.
Equal to. in tons. " D9,NG,GGG
Veins Nos. 5, 7 and 8, underlie
2 800 acies of the land, and
measure respectively II. 6.
and 13 feet in thickness, und
will yield in tons, 1 3r.o20.000
Vein 12 and 13 uiuloi lie at least
2 000 acies, with a united
thickness of 13 feet, and will
yield, in tons, 48 400 000
Thus prndlieiug, in tons, ns
stated above, the' 2S3,0G(i,G60
D.'diict fiom I li is, fur waste, slate, &c ,
one-thiid the usual allowance jn other coal
fields, and there is left, in merchantable coal,
183,711,111 tons. This enormous quanli'y,
it must be re eolleelrd, is independent of the
other nine ve ns t ot com. led, which will p:o
d ice mil!iens of tons mote. At lens: onc
lliird of the coal of thisestate is above water
level. On this properly n double coal breaker
is erected, 101 feel long, 02 feet wide, and
70 feet high, which will contain eight break
ing rolleis, propelled by a fifty horse power
steam engine. One hundred nnd fifty houses,
for mine s, with six rooms each, nie nlsn
under construction. The Railioad of this
Company, which extends torn Sunbury, on
the Susquehanna, to Mou:.l Cannel, a dis
tance of twenty-seven mile, runs through
this propeily.
Hy this railway, nnd through its projected
couuec'i 'lis, they will be enabled to reach
the matketsof New Yolk, Ballimoie, Phila
delphia, ami the Lakes of the great Noith
west. Tin: LccrsT Moi'stais Coai. and 1i;on
Ck.mi'anv possess an estate of fi 230 acres of
coal land, equal to the best coal piopesty in
Pennsylvania. Piolessor 111. ike, of Unstop
gave this coal an analytical test, nnd found
it to contain !ti 77-100 parts of Catbon, and
3 33-100 eaithy matter only, being freer from
impurilios than coals pronounced best in the
markets beielofore. There nre seven veins,
the thickness of 8 feet, 12, 18, 30 and 471
feet, which nie given in i.x different locali
ties, by the three basins extending thiongh
i the w hole pioperty, a distance of upwards of
live mi)es in lengiti. i tie company is now
i constructing three coal bieakers, one steam
j saw-mill, and one hundred miners houses.
The quantity of mcicliantnble coal nt the
disposal of this company is almost incalcula
ble. The facilities for reaching maikel will
be fust lo New Yoik City, over the Coal
Run Railroad, ten miles in length, which
connects with the New Yoik tnd Catawissa
road ; to Philadelphia, over Ihe Miuehill Ex
tension, which inlersects the Reading road;
to Baltimore, over Ihe Philadelphia and Sun
bury load, intersecting Ihe Susquehanna
toad at Sunbury ; and lo the lakes, by llie
Sunbury und Erie loule. It is proper lo re
mark here, Ihat all Ihe companies und indi
vidual operations;, with two or three excep
tibn, of the region, will have like ncce.s to
the same facilities for transportation
The Coal Rcn Improvement Company's
Lands consist of 3,000 acres, adjoining the
Locust Mountain Company, extending east
and west, with a basin of coal nearly one
mile in width, and a tract of 6000 acres ad
joining the Philadelphia and Sunbury and
Luke Fiddler properties. Of the 3,000 acres
2,200 are entirely underlaid wiih coal of su
perior quality, it being the Hazleton and
Beaver Meadow range, and it is as well as
the coal of the other cenpanies, peculiarly
adapted for generating gteam and manufac
turing iron in its varions branches. The
mammoth vein, the jugular, and all the other
veins are found on this properly, and contain
millions of Ion of coal abovs water level
The remainder of the 3 000 acres in timber
laud. The Company is fraparin; thtee eol
leries, with brnkers of the. largest size, timl
fifty minors' l:o ises, The Coal Run Railioad,
ten miles I on p. under cons' met ion, is tlie
r i -- .
property of this company. This road will be
one of Iho most profitnbln laterals in the
country. It connects with iho New ork
and Cutnwiasa Railroad a! one end, nud with
the Philadelphia and Sunbury at the other.
New-Yoik, through i', is placed within 130
miles of the Middle Region.
The GiieknRidcf. I.MrnovEMrsT Company,
whose lands are nlso of the Hazleton nnd
Beaver Meadow Range, is situated in the
middle of the Shamokin basin, nnd conse
quently embraces all the veins of ihat basin
The quality of the coal stands unexcelled,
and is p oiiontieed equal lo the best L"bigh'
Hazleton, and Beaver Meadow. It consists
of both Ihe w hite nnd red a.-h vaiieiies. Of
the seventeen veins on the coupany's pro
property, thirteen are white ash, with an ag
gregate thickness of fifty-seven feel, and
four nre red ash, aggregating twenty-five feet.
The veins have n run of about three miles,
furnishing nil inexhaustible supply of coal.
In this estate there) are 2, .100 ncies, all of
which is coal land. The company is build
ing a railway lo connect with 111 Philadel
phia and Sunbury road. It will be seven
.niles in length. Tneie is also in couiho of
construction two laige collenes, two coal
breakers, and one bundled miners' houses,
w ith extensive faculties for thu shipment of
coal.
Tm:CAnnoN Rt;s I MPRovr.Mi:NT Company's
lands, sonsisling of 2 000 acre., lie a short
distance west of the Shamokin Gap, near the
town of Shamokin, 1 800 acres of which are
underlaid with piirne anthracite. Some
twelve veins have been ptoven on this pio
perty. nod nie found lo aggregate in thick
ness sevely-live feet of coal. Aeeoidiim lo
the estimate made of the Philadelphia and
and Suiibiity Company,, land, this extent of
coal would produce 1 4.272,000 tons. The
veins have a run of tlnee miles in length
The Carbon Run Railroad, being built by this
company, will be when finished about three
miles and a half in length, miming through
the property fmtn east to west, and connect
ing with the Philadelphia and Sunbury road
to Shamokin. This lateral toad will not
only transport the coal ol the company, but
will command the tude of other hinds in the
vicinity, thus producing for Ihe stockholders
more than ordinary teveni.o The improve
ments are two collieries, one cnal bleaker of
the largest class, with eighty miners' houses,
and other facilities calculated to make it a
heavy opeialion. The veins aie of the purest
quality of white nnd red ush coals
Tin: Bn; Moi ntain Improvement Compa
ny own fi,O'J0 acies of land, among the most
iL'siiable coal pioperty in tie; Sh.iiiinkiii ba
sin. Upon this laud are alieady two collier,
ies. and woikman ate active in pn-paiing two
Cnal tirea,;ers. a s'eam s uv-nui! ntne.it one
hundred miucis' houses, i: well as a laleial
rail load, one and a quarto! miles long, to in
tersect the Philadelphia and Sunbury road at
thu town of Sliamokiu There aie fourteen
veins on its estate, aggregating a thickness
of 105 feet, wrh a inn of two und a half
miles. These lauds einl iaee four individual
tiacts adjoining each other. Though now in
one body, ea: h of them may be opened by
separate laleial railways leading lo the
Philadelphia and Sin bury road, four coliieiies
can thus be established, fiom each of which
it is estimated 100.000 lo 200,000 may be
annually taken out Th s property is near the
town of Shamokin, when! the Shamokin
creek cuts the Big Mountain nt light angles)
through which Ihe railroad runs l.om Pnila
delphia to Siinbuiy.
The Si'Mii-r.tiASNA Coai. and Coai. Mors
tain Comi'asv, though comparatively small,
is among 'he most valuable estates of the
Middle Region. It consists of upwards of
one thousand acres laud, all of which is un
derlaid with coal of a quality misiipassed
anywhere. Especially is this so when ap
plied to the manufacture of iron. As evi
dence of what we say, i: need but be stated
that in a small fouudiy nt Shamokin. with a
small cupola and small Ian, ami without suf
ficient blast to give it a fair liial, with 1 ,'tl0
pounds of coal there weie melted 13,200
pounds of iron, or 7 pounds of iiou to one
pound ol coal, ihis company s laud lies t
about five miles east of Shamokin, and has a
continuous range of about two miles The
Mount Cannel branch of llie Philadelphia
anil Sunbury Railroad passes through the
whole extent of the estate, thus doing away
with Ihe usual necessity of consluieling la
terals to tap the main road. The company
is now mnking arrangements for sending to
market a large supply of coal. Eleven veins,
varying in thickness from five to twenty feet,
have been discovered,- and, by means of
shafts, ko., the extent, position, and thick
ness of four of them have been determined,
which respectively measured six, nine.
twelve, and five feet in thickness. Taking
the calculation before used this tract will
produce, independent of iho unexplored
veins, seven lit number, 17;f j9,t00 tons.
The Maiianoy and Shamokin Improve
ment Company, and the chbk's Kin and
f hamomn Improvement Company, are both
located in, and embrace the entire width of
Ihe western end of Shamokin basin, extend
ing from the Little Muhanoy creek ou the
noith to that of the main Muhanoy on
the sonth, and westward from the water gap
of Zerbe's tun to near ihe junction of the
Big and Mahonoy mountains, at Ihe termi
nation of the coal bisin. The number of
veins on these properties is twelve, and a
portion of tbem ditclosa coal much beyond
tha average thickness of coal seams, and
three of them almost rival in size the se cal
led Mammoth Vein, of the Poltsville basin.
Inn nun I however, is of a softer nature than
that of the other companies. Anthracite, os
we proceed westward, it isobseived, grows
progressively softer an I lefs compact, nnd
more gnsenns and free binning.
The Inr.d of these companies lies nt tbe
extreme western end of the Middle region,
which will account for the difference. The
first nnmed company owns 2,000 acres of
land, 1,200 of which are under-laid with coal,
while the latter is in possession of 1,700 acres
of coal Inr.d, nnd 3,000 acres timber Inml.
The only outlet for both compnriins is on the
Susquehanna, ten or twelve miles below Stm
bniy, by way of Ihe Tievorto i Railway, has
tening to completion, w hich nt that point con
nects with the Baltimore and Susquehanna
ro.ici nnd the Pennsylvania canal. Improve
ments to accumulate nti extensive trade nre
under way in this part of the region.
In addition to thes!! chartered companies
there nre individual ownerships tinder firms
worthy of mention. Among them are
Messrs. Ilelfe.islein Si Boyd, who have five
hundred acres of laud, with four veins of one
and a half mile run, two of seven feet thick'
neis, nnd two si- feel. They nre known as
the Old Luke Fidler Mines, and have been
very modeiately worked for two years. Al
present a heavy coal breaker and a number
of miner's houses are being erected.
Messrs, Ilegins, Dewart, and other., have
300 acres, one nnd a half mile run, and two
veins eight feet thick each, and one six feel
thick. The colleiies of these gentlemen have
been woi keinieretofore, but to no gieat ex
tent. Messrs. Longenccker, Batimgardner nnd
lb lfentien have also a tract of 1,800 ncres,
whi"h embraces nil the veins of the basin,
with a ion of one mile. A colliery has here
been in opetation also for a short lime.
Thisanay of preparatory woikable force in
the Middle Region will give a tolerable idea
of what may hereafter be expected frorri that
coal basin The production has not, thus far,
in any one year, exceeded 30,000 tons. The
impiovemeiit above, if laved to their full ca
pacity, will be able lo swell this figure lo
millions. It is therefore a matter for congrat
ulation Ihat the other regions unable last
seasun to supply the demand, nnd no better
prepared lo aecommodato the tnultipled
wauls for coal this year will have in this
coal-field, heteafier, an auxiliary nbnn lantly
competent lo more than fill up all deficien
cies. In fact, we cannot seo why thu Mid
dle Region1 with the extensive railway im
piovemeiit in contemplation ami under way,
stopping in the bean of its deposits, may not
ultimately over reach in tonnage, the regions
that have all along had a monopoly of the
trade.
The Scot!) Iki!!, the Lehigh and Lackawa::-
j na coal-field, of Pennsylvania, this year, will
I exceed but little, if any, the shipments of
I l.ig. Iheie is no well grounded reason for
1 believing either that their tonnage can be
; greatly augmen'o I in futuie seasons. If
i this be so and Ihe facts seem to bear us out
! in the p osition we repeat, it is a mailer for
congiutnlation that we can look to the Mid-
die region for the supply of a portion of the
hugely increased demand. The iucieaso in
the supply of coal must keep pace with Iho
various applications of it luneiv purposes and
objects. The means of using it are greatly
improved and perfected in crates, and stoves
l and furnaces, and iron woik, ami steamers
and he is certainly behind the age who ex
pects that its usefulness will not still be mine
extended.
The commercial and manufactuting power
of the L niled Slates is not at present judica'
it'll in llie consumption ol rnal, ns a is in
r.uglanu ami as it w iilDe w uli us in a very
few years. Our forests heretofore have fur
nished fuel for every w ant. Th is resource is
last disappearing, nnd even where there is an
abundance it will be reserved for other pur
poses than fu.il. Anthracite is ihe substitute,
and must eventually take the place of wood
altogether. England consumed upwards of
32,000,000 tons of coal last year, while the
Uujte.l States scatcely used one-sixth of ihat
quantity. This ilispropoilion, no one will
pretend lo say, can continue for any length
of lime. Until however, we approximate her
more closely, we cannot mcasme our gical
nes, commeicially and otherwise, by our
consumption of coal.
I.At'Nl M OF THE LaIIDEST Sllll' IN THE
Would. The largest ship ever constincted
in this country was launched at Boston on
Monday, the 3d just. It is nppiopi lately
named the Great Republic. Tne Republio
is32.r feet long, 53 feel wide, 3ft feet deep
und has four decks. Her tonnage will be
about 4000 Ions, being the largest merchant
ship afloat i tt the world. It is estimated
that in bcr construction 2,380 tons: of ouk
have been used in her liauH, hooks and
knees; 1. 500.000 'eel of haul pine in hef
keelt-oti, ceiling, deck frames, decks and
plunging. Her fastening i supenor. Iheie
having been used about 300 ions of iron ami
56 Ions of copper, and Ihe amount of labor
peiformed upon her is about 55,000 days.
She has four decks. She will spread in one
suit of sails nearly 16,000 yaids of canvass.
Her crew will cousitl of about 100 men and
30 boys. This vessel is destined for Ihe
California tiade.
Thb Book Trade. There were C9I books
published in the United States during tha
six months ending June SO, of which 169
were reprints of English books, and seven
teen original irarndations from the German
and Fieiuav.
DefciTid Article?.
WOMAN'S RIGHTS fdX VEXTION tllon li
FOLLY.
Cleveland, Oct. 9. The Woman's Rights
Convention re assembled here again ye.-tei
day, very quietly, with scarcely any lince of
tho storm nf Iho day previous, The harmo
ny of llie body was, however, soon again
threatened by the introduction of a letter
fiom the Rev. T. W. Iligginsnn, nsking the
Convention to lake up n collection for the
purpose of raising a fund lo print cheaplracls
udvocaling woman's righls.
Mrs. Barker and Abby Kelley objected, de
nouncing the Rev gentleman as a heretic.
Lucy Stone replied in indignant terms, af
ter which the collection was taken up-
Whilst the plate wns going round, some
young men in llio gallery said that if Miss
Lucy would come up there liersulf, they
would shell out. That lady instantly went
up, when tho young gentlemen launched out
forly dollars.
Mr. Garrison introduced a resolution abus
ing the world's Temperance Convention for
its action against Antoinette Brown.
r. . ......
Alter some remiiiK lv Messrs. tin ilmgs
and Burleigh, the resolution was carried.
Mrs. Baiker mnde nn address of the most
blaphemons chaiacler, railed at Ihe Church
and the Bible, and abused the clergy as im
post ers, &c.
Much confusion and excitement prevai'ed
during I his speech, Antoinette Brown Indig
nantly replied that she was leady lo answer
Mrs. Baiker to-dav.
The Convention then adjourned until Sat
urday.
second despatch
Ci.kvei.asd, Oct. ft. The closing scenes of
Ihe Woman's Righls Convention, yesterday.
was most excileinrr. Antoinette Brown re.
plied lo Barker's infidel speech, denouncing
her as a heretic. Gariison replied, defending
Barker.
Mr. Nevins also made a reply to Baiker
making severe personal allusions, during
which he was fieniienlly interrunlfd by;
Messrs. Garrison and Barker, until Ihe audi
ence, losing patience, finally hUsed them
down.
Garrison called Nevin a blackgnaul and a
rowdy, whereupon a scene of great excite
ment ensued
After the adjournment, Nevins met Garri
son in the slteet, and demanded an nnalnsv.
w hich was refused. Nevins then laid violent
hands on Gariison, pulling his nnse and other
wise maltreating him. The latter made no'
lesistnnce, and Nevins was finally taken off I
by his fiiends. putting an end to the scene.;
Before the lin.i! adjournment it was voted
to hold the next Co.iveiition ill Philadelphia,
ou the l":ii f Vt( err. 1S.1 1. j
Tilt: CRAM til FOIST TR.4riI.ttV.
An account of the circumstances of the :
recent killing of Major Arnold, at Foil Gia- j
h.im, by Dr. J. M Steiner. of Pennsylvania,
liasbcen published. The brother of I)r. Stei- !
iter, in a letter lo the editor of the Augusta 1
Chronicle, pionouiices the statement untitle, '
and says: j
My brother was placed in arrest by Major
Arnold for having published a Lieutenant, for
using language to him, which no gentleman ;
and man nf courage could lor an instant to!- i
erale Major Arnold knowing that my bio- j
ther would ask lo know why he was arrested. I
(the matter between Steiner and the Lien"
tenant being of a private character,) deter-1
mined, in consequence of an old feu, I, lo
reply to llie question in such n manner as
would force I ho Doctor lo strike him, when
he would bo held excusable for tating his
life.
My brother did not resent the nlTcnsive
language in the way Major A. anticipated,
but remaike.l that llie reason assigned for
his arrest was not in accoidanee with the
facts: whereupon Majm A. ilievv one of his
pistols and shot at my brother, who was
standing about live feel distant. The Doe.
tor letttrned Ihe fire, hieukieg tne Maj n's
left arm above the elbow. Major A. liied a
second time, but again without et'ecl, when
my brother shot him thiongh ihe body.
Major A. attempted to shoot again, but the
pistol snapped, when my hrether killed him.
Dr. Steiner acted o:i Iho defensive through
out the recontie and only returnei! shot for
shot. Major A. was in the command of l!:e
pes,, ami cum ive ..Mere., my l.rother ml,.
I could I; iv
close coiiliuemeiit, I, .el lie Weenie, I H neces-
saiy, without the least penoiial iik.
The Cholera The New Yoik Cornier
fears Iho Cholera may leach this country
and ciry, as it is now so pietalenl in Europe,
The disease has spread most in England, ijr
filthy locations, as in New Castle, wl:-ie
Iheie are so many moie cuses in 185;( tf,R
1819. It says:
"At Copenhagen, where the disease has
been raging, out of a thousand persona who
weie icmeved fiom a crowded locality to an
encampment outride the town, only ten died
Al Hamburgh, where the epidemic has been
pievailiug upwards of six weeks, only six
cases of chojera have occurred. In ihe im
piovedjparts of the town, and in London, in
the ravages of 181!), not a single case of cho
lera occurred in any of the model dwelling
for the poor, ihuugh iha pestilence raged
around litem among the same class of popu
lation ft is said that ihe Hospital Surgeons
of London, can map down wiih almost tin
erring certainty the districts where the cho
lera will first appear and ravage moat malig
nantly, and can prediot almost the per cent
I ; c' cases i.td ti6 itUtive rr.cuality.
THE WAY 1 WHICH ALtl OllMA FAMES'
r.t.nn Anr. tiif.athl
The San Fianeisco paper contnin the fol
lowing iii-count of outrages committed on
steenign passengers on board Ihe Golden'
Gate. It issmpi jsing that passengers allow
themselves to be lieutcd in Ibis ghamcfuf
mant er :
"Captain Palteisor., of ihe P. SI. steamship
Golden (late, was tiied before the superior
Court of San Fiansisco,J last week, on a
charge of gross cruelly to a sleriage passen
ger, in May last. The testimony taken bo
fore the jniy .showed that when the Golden
Gate was ihiee days out fiom Panama, a
Ffeerage passenger was caught in the act of
appropriating to his own comfort some whole
some food designed for t he cabin passengers
that the passenger so offending was drnggeit
In the upper deck, and thrust into an empty
pork barrel, w ith his aims protruding through
In Ies cu! in each side, and the head through
a hole in the upper end of the barrel, so that
the cask rested on the man's shoulders, and
came down lo the knee.', keeping him in a
stniiilnig position; that many persons remon
strated very earnestly ngain.it ibis proceed
ing, and others called upon the passengers try
throw off the barrel, arid ho should be pro
lected from a repetition of the humiliating
process ; that in couseqnenco of such remon
stiances, Ihe first snfTerer was removed, nnif
a comparatively inoffensive man, who had
only used strong language in repiobatron of
what lie considered. outrage upon the part
of the Captain, wns seized by tho throat by
Ihat officer, and dragged to the bairel, and
forced into it, where he was compelled to
stand for two and a half hours with his head
uncovered, under the ncorcbiii! rays of a
tiopical sun at ntfon day, nnd vhhifi tt short
distance from the smoke-stnek, when his suf
ferings from beat and exhaustion vvere in.
tense, eudartgeiing life. Tho last mentioned
sulTerer, On reaching San Francisco, brought
an action against the Captain, claiming, S3,
000 damages. The trial lasted nearly a
week, and the most strenuous exertions were'
made on behalf of the Captain, which finally
resulted in the jury failing to agree, much to
the surprise of a universally indignant public.
A new trial will, probably be had, under a
change of venue. Perhaps no trial has ever
taken place in California that has comman
ded more general attention. Tho outrages;
that have been suflerred on board the steam
ships plying between Panama nud San Fjar.
c'scc, especially by steciage passengjrs, are
too keenly remembered by thousands of our
citizens to be forgotten when a sufferer ap
peals to law for redress.
siti-i:n day LATnu l non caLii orma.
Arrind o tuc LI Dorado at Xcw Orleans
81,230.000 ni Uold C'o'i'iio- California
Election .
New Oi;u:.ii.o, Got. S. Tha steamer El
Dorado, Itom Apinwu!l, has arrived here,
with California dates fiom the 16th ult.,
brought down by the steamer John L. Steph
ens to Panama, together with seven hunilred
passengers and 51,200,000 in gold.
The steamer Illinois arrived at Aspinwall
on tho 1st inst., and sailed for New York;
with 1,230,000 in gold. The Isthmus was
healthy.
The passengers by iho El Dorado cam
through in 20 days and 17 hours.
Tho elections on the 7th ult. remlted in a
Democratic triumph. Governor Bigler wasr
re-elected, and Samuel Puidy was chosen
Lieut. Governor. The vote everywhere was
large, and the contest close. In San Francis
co the Democrats had only a very small ma
jority. Lieut. Beale nnd his party had arrived in
safety at Los Angelos.
Inteligence from Rogue river announces tda
cessation of Indian hostiliii -s, in ennspquence
of a treaty having been mado'by Gen. Lane
w ith several of the hostile Iribes.
Thu amiiverary of tiie annexation of Cal.
ifomi i w as ceh-biatcd en Ihe th by u mili
lary di-pl.iy.
Kit Cirw.ii dad arrived fiom Meross Plains.
Lieut. Co. Mason died on the "ihult.
Fresh discoveries of gold were being made
daily, nud the mineia were doing well.
Pu-iies in California was exceedingly dull.
Theie is littlu change in prices.
j II iw Dcmas Whites. In bis way of
j winking he is an eccentric as in everything
eise. nether nw(ir.T ; his African blood
r f some peculiaii.y of constitution I know
not, but he is atili.-led with great natural heat
of body, and has ddiicu'.ly in bearing cloth
ing upon him. So he strips to hi shirt
veiy often discarding even that, and siis ra
ked, w ith the exception of short ihin draw
ers He establishes biiisflf t n lar-je table,
which he sprawls upon rather than sits at,
ru middle of a large room, and before him a
large sheet of paper of a. uniform size.
Fiom practice be knows exactly how much'
it.'i( on each of these sheet Hilt make.
Ovci this paper lie cionehcs, in his slhte of
almost iiudtiy, looking like a huge, half
bleached uegio, as I n is, and scribbles away
with the fptv.t of a Soeomoiive. He writes
cleaily, and tau-ly makes correction or alter
even a .void. A each sheet i full he throw
it from him, nnlil the llnor is littered with
manuscript. In ibis way he will get through
half a vulumti in a night Fienea volnmin,
certainly, with Very few liitjk mi a page; but
still the quantity is enormofla for the lime
O i one sida of him he will have a heap of
oranges, on tbe other a plate of raiins thoe
being his favorite refreshments when work
ing. Fiom lime lo time ha lakes a bite of
an orange, and then on again, toiling againrt
ume.-Lnndoi ff r.