CP
3 !0
,.' ! . U'l I 1 J
na r, v 'I h 1
1 I' .i" lSwa J Li,'
.HAirOtl .! ."I
r
1
TV ' y t vT j,
ji"7 ?Vs .r-v
II ! II Li C B't I . abv.
J Ve efjiod in i 14XM
()
3
I ' T'vm. nw- "l "I ( I . ; .!',t r (I , u) ,.,r,t. ,
! racn ft? BMASSiRi 1 EDITOR i'ATfp PROPRIETOR
ST;.'. OFFICE,1 MAMET,STBT,:0fPpSITE the:ppst OFFICE.
. I - . - V - - - . J
0 wtrj Uetopptr-Crtote1 t toUtkt;' ptnurtfXfnlUM, orttt xs Bomwtfx iftrtM, SMtntt un "m arts, crlfUttrr, markets ttmWemtttts, r.
fEW SERIES VOL. , NO. 4. .
SUNBURY, NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY. PA., SATURDAY, JANUARY I t 1830.
OLD SERIES VOL. lO, NO. io
"r ' t'l "V "1'
Si ViER
Ml " .1711
i ' ' '
1 1' 1
- Ttmtifl or me America. ;
m AMERICAN l pablWMd mn SMdr TWO I
OLLAH8 par niwm to b paid hair yaarljr ia adnuic, I
U aapar rihRontinaad airtil ui anaanif m ara naM. ' I
aa. If tMura aWaaUon, MM am ruavr rAlV.
TO CLUBS.
is:
Fin 4ollan In adranea will aay farUraa yaat'iaatmiy
MMIMAaacHU., , . . (
tarar ihT W Unas, I Unaa,
alv aubaaqaanl inaartiaa. -jj
BaMra, MUka, ,L v.
.1.1 Il I
tin
-(11-
aaimaa Carda of Fir a Haca, aar
I danaanu audi other, advartiainc br taa
Taar, wita tha pfivilega of inaartiiif iiC' ,
faranl adrarliaeaienta wcektr. e -
MM
mW Larfar A4rartniwmill, aa par a
tfyyfr i ' , 1 t . .. if 11 "" . '
..I., HB ;--
UTTORNEY AT LA V,i
ur www, r' "
v ..-J . in ihaCounliM af Naf
i -.! .M . i Rftrlal ' '
. P. aV A. RTocT. . ; V ' '
wim i tiiriiMti - nUM.
- Hit .. McFai AC I
!, Ooa A Cn . - J, -
4AMM OOPER. R"A CAM8R05
COOPER & CAMERON
, ATTORNEYS AT LAW, ':
i ,; tchtjylblll Connly, Pa.,
TTfl.T. aal1avt monies, attend to litigated raara,
in the mauacement of
Xatates, Ac. Puraoni deairing their aenricaa, WJ
refer ta tha following gentlemen:
. k ' rHiLAPrxrHU. -
aM Rrowa, laaae R. Daia, Giderm O TTentt,
naarr Wbita, Fraiicia N. Bnek. Wm. B. Hfi, Ijq.,
Caaa Cibaaaa.Eaq, Jne4 Caok, Eaq, U. H. Brewatar, Em.
m. Tkaatpaaa Jonaa, Eaq. . - . ,
:'T . mw TOaf. "
Raa. MaaM n. OrinnaB, Hnn. Oatlan nnfTmaa,
aa. Jamaa Monroe, Hon. Wward Curtia.
aa. Aaaott Lawraaea, BaaTea.ioaa Aiaaa, Laq, Uni
iaaa t, lMt. -
CHARLES VV. HEGINS,
ATT0P.1TET AT LAW,
potUTllIc, Pa.
Will promptly attend to collection and all hust-
neaa entrusted to his care.
, Jane 16, 1848, -
SPERRY & COOPER,
COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
. Jit tie ia!t of Fish ind ProTiiiou.' ;
J:," X:9 WORTH WIMRVES, .
....' - VBZXiABELPBXA. .
Maakeral, , . Shad
alman, . Herring,
Philadelphia, May 6th,
Cod and Dun Fish,
Cheese. . '
169. ly.
CSOROE 1. WEAVER ! .. (EDWIN H. FITLER.
George J. Weaver Sc Co.
worn mAirtjr ACTuatRS a ship
, CHANDtBBS. r
JT. It y. Wattr St., and 11 N. Wkarttt,
Philadclfhu. : I
HAVE jonatantlr en tarnd, a tiara aaartmnt f
MaLlla Rpa,Variaa RHa, Italian Ropa, U Kpt
aao TwToaliiwa, f Cail B-ta Bow and 8t.ra
TZA( ma. Heme and Cotton Seine Twme, lnea and
0 cL, CtaLVCortoa Yarn, C-dlj W, v
HirianrLinea and Cottoai, Tar, P.trh, Roam, and
H. Ciint., Ploofh Lines, Haltara, Traces, Ac, aU
af which they will dispoac of on reaaonal tarma.
RManr eu Biia er Deaeriplioa, Made la Order, at
afcert aoiiea. ,
FkilaaetDaiB, Fee. 10, UM ly.
ALEXANDER O. C ATT ELL,:
ea-CCKHO TO lAMEt M. OtTOl, BtCB. ,
C9MM1SSI0N If FORWARDING MER-
- CHAST,
Ut Ui ulc f Grain, Floor, Seeds, Iron, Lnm
ber kt.
y. :..U : .N: it North rfWvi,
PatLAUBLrHIA. ;V
Goads forwarded with cam, ta all points an tha
cbaylkill,' Union, Suaquehanoa and Juniata
Canata, ' ' ' ' :':
fiF" Salt, Plaster, Grindstones. Ac for sale at
ahe lowest prices.
Philadelphia, June , 18. ly ' :
S AHUEL HART & CO.
' 1(0 Miun STtcsT, Philadelphia.
Imforltrt f FrtncK,' Engisk and German
. . . , -fancy and S(oi (arioiiera;,.
WAFERS, Sealing Wax, Ink. Draft and Back
garuBiea Boards, Tape, Intaiands, , Domi
aaoe, Uillott'a and other Steel Pens, Ivory and
Bona Folders, Papeteriea, Gold and Silver Pencil
Cases, Bristol Boards; Whatman's Drawing Pa
, aen, Envelopes, Bond's and Arnold's cclebiated
Lnks for auking Linen, Portfolioa,Disaocted'Mpo
aad Camas, Chesera an, Partis, uoia t ene, etc,
.. , , , . m , a JO 1 ' '
rauiaaainaia. juuo
JUU KM OWIT f ATBHI
naw "'
MUKN A Copublisher of tha -SCIEJfTI-FIC'XMEKICAN,"
have favoured us with
a Phamphlet conUining the Patent Laws of tue
United Btotea, togettier wttn ail toe lorma wiiw
ry for applying iff a Patent, inof mstion in regard
ta filing caveats, with remarks on ile uses, etc a
mount of fee repiiml at the Patent Office, and
every other information that is neceaaary to inatruo,
" a person in making his awn applicationa, ','
Price Iti cents single, or It copies for one dol
Ura aentby mail to any part of tha United States.
Addreaa MCNN A CO, New-York. ';
;MeachI0,lM---;,7 ' ' '
.: STRAW i'BOlTlTSlT iii 1
. nAT MANUFACTORY )
Hi 10 North '' Setond ttrtet, opposite tkt
MadUo Houm. . . ' 7' ;
. mult aubaerihera would call the attention af
JL Cwunlry Mercbanto and Millinara to their at
tanaivo aaaortmant of ikahionabU SrAiaa 41a
, Bania BeaaTS as Hts of the newest at j lee.
Aim, largo and gcaaral aaaortment of Freneh
and Americau Artiflcial Flowers, Ribbons, Crown
j, Linings, Oil Silk, Wire, Quillings, Buckram, Ac,
which they oflor at priroe that defy eompetitioa.
N. B.ralm Leaf Hats by the ease or doaen.
... ... . W. M. A J.E.MAULL.' :, ,
'', i , Bonnet and Hal Manufacturers, - ;
U'r'r..f WNottkWeJwet
kiUA.Inkd t... 4 tasa '
WWT -AVt M a J I 1
'Oiit Miav -w:umm-m, lvfe- I
jti- l Waataaati mm aVasail ,-, , - !
.r mm AN UUO MClf ANTS, , e i
H7i r4mr .Philtliki. J I .
TmrVlf U4S"mm 'y mrit aaoefc ft
Z. aa ,vuu Uquora aad Bog fa, afUMii
gMeianUaman, wUI h aapplUd a a4
Pd-IfW. Wev. ir, mi.-
SELECT POKTRY.
LIGHT AND SUADOW.
" BRMRf. i.. rOTM. '
.' .. H ' . , L ! i,
' Ofaekl toe kiagdoei af heaven."
Hark t 'lie our little daoghter's Hep! I
know her merry. call,; 1 . i-
1 hear her laugh and gleeful words resounding
through the ball! '
She greet me from her noomley walk with
11 - aoft and warm carta) i,, ).,
I feel her little clasping arm I feel . her
' welcoming kiM;
Her sack and bonnet laid aaide, ahe ails upon
' my knev 1 --n' ! .- : i
And tells me in her childish way of bloasom,
r, . bird and tree ; ... ..
The auirrel in the square bard by, the chil
dren al their play,
And all a mother joys to hear a little loved
one say ,.
Her nurse with fond,' proml look stands by,
"' and oft her aid doth lend, . ,
Explaining every lisping word I cannot com
preliend
She thinks and so nerhans do I no child of
two rears old ' ' ;j
Had erer more of loveliness er talent to unfold.
List to the tinkling of ihe bell! she's gone
; 'from off" mv knee ! ' : ..'.-' .
She watches for.lbe Openexi door, ahe calls
"papa" in gleej
We walk in converse through the ball our
darling runs before, ' ' ! '
With ,:peep-h, papa!" as she hides behind
' Ihe parlor door.- . : r
She climb upon her father's lap, now happy
"in, nitric;,
And "Mother Goose's Melodies" pours in his
willine far:
She sings the "Sons of Sixpence." with its
wonders anil lis woes,
Until the blackbird sad to tell ! nipt off the
maiden's nose : 1
Cock Robin's death and burial she tells in
mournful rhyme, .
The Bull's feet raised lo toll the bell to her
are quite sublime:
We've listened late lo Shakspeare, read with
all a Kemble's art,
But "reading" such as these are they that
touch a parent's heart. : . :
Our little Alice had till now, a playmate and
Alike in age, we fondly hoped their future
lives would blend. .
Our danchter is of stature tall, and as the lily
lair,
With soft blue eye, and rounded form, : and
... ' cnrlinir. sunn v hair: v . r
But light and bright as sunbeam when' it
sloops to drink ihe dew '
Her cousin was of slighter mould, with hair
of darker hua 1 ,
We cannet soon forget her eye, its arch and
merry glance, ' -.
We cannot soon forget her smile, her sonny
- m couiitenauce , .,
Her tiny foot is bounding still, ber laugh
sennds sweet and clear, J
Her happy .voice it seemed but, now was
. rincioe in rov ear : . '
Oh! lovely, bright and " welt-beloved ! the
missed and monmed of all.!
We know that thou an happy now why do
ihe tear-drops falll
A little brother Helen had a pure and gen
tle child, ,
So beautiful iu quiet mirth, met bought an
angel smiled ;
No trace of passion could we see, nor taint of
morial bin h, ,..
He seemed but lent awhile to cheer our pil
grimage on earth. ,
Wuen iiNess came to Iwth, we deemed we
had the power lo save, .1 ,
We could not think that aught so bright
should he within the grave;
At even, full of hope and joy, the mother
spoke and smiled, - " ' ,
At morning we were summoned to a patient
dying child ;
Upon her little couch she lay, her shrunken
lips apart, ,
Low murmuring the names of those most
dear unto her heart;
Such sweetness to her voice in life bad ne'er
beore been given,
We knew it was preparing for tbf melody of
heaven. , ,
"
She raised her eyelid's drooping fringej' she
. cauea me once aeain.
And asked "Where's Alice!" In a tone that
sViUna; my heart with pain; ''
Oh! ever thus in life and health she met me
n with a smile, ;
The happy hours came thronging 1ack, and
tears rained fart the while., '
Then stricken was the lovely boy we felt
that it was death " ': .
We knew not who would soonest draw the
1 last faint, dying breath 5 , '
A group of friends surrounded each in that
' sad, solemn room, ..
Yet angel briehtness hovered: there amid the
ry, , galh'rittg gloom ; . , .. .
At ooon the'ajn waa ehming Drigat one
parting sigh tm given,
And Helen's best Spirit passed lo happiness
, and heaven. ' ' ' 1
" ' ' 1 fat '
We turned to! where the living lay with low,
'. sweet," gentle moan, ' .
The mother cried, "Oh, God! not both! oh,
spare me only one !" ' " ,
Two hours; and the. iur little lamb was
v ' gathered 10 the fold, . ' . .,
Forever shelictvd from the storm, from heal
. or abiv'iing cold ..... , 1 1
The Heavenly Shepherd marked Jhem both
1 opon ihe world wild heath, . .
He saw 1 hem lovely in their livea, nor parted
them in death; ..,.,.r.j .,
Forever tended by Uie love, their days shall
glide serene, . 1 . j . 1 . ; L
By the still waters they shall lie, and rove
inrougn pastures green ;
When weary they would fain repose, and
riV'eink Ioppy resv 14 .
He will receive ihem n His arms and fold
lhara to Lis
breast.- , ,
Again with light and careful tread or
fre
. J cioua deatl wa bo nr. . . , , , 1
Ami laid Ihfaa geqily aide bj trdsxapM their
: t, nursery iW) . . ,1 , ,
We fubetl then 'an id fast tailing team upon
ni , ; ikeir hwy bed, ;;., . . j 1 '
Aad fttllowed lovingly aud (lose asbsk .beau
-m . eoo linle head 1 v.l - .1 1 ..v. i,.'
Their Mrs in avslpissw rie(:ttaed by, aha
-..J 'Lwuld net hew a part-n L 1 iu U i
Thai ofjac asjoa was aM her own one teach
would break her heart : ,!,.o H w
Wa parted en each- ehiUiab knr ihe Afl
brown,ejuslriiax hair,. I .-.. inat
It could not be that they were dead-do leek
ef death MMtheia! ,
The infant boy lay 'nestling close bold his
sister's biesst, 1 t
Oh ! aurely Jiid of happy play, they sank to
dreamless rest! .
In agony npou the floor her farm the mother
tnrew,
My darlings! could I lie bet west and pass
.4V away wain you
Then came a long and anxious day, a weary
day lo me,
When pareota wake from numbing grief to
sad reality : ,
Oh ! mother dear! we missetl thy love, thy
- 11 voice, lay gentle tread, " ,. t .":
We missed Ihy hand in tenderness opon the
aching head ;
Between u Ocean 1 rolled his waves ; from
i 1 cniiunooti a hour till now,- ,
In lime of trial ever near, our comforter werl
Ihou! - .
We strove to fill thy vacant place although
11 mignt not De, v
We wouhl to olHers pay the debt we've owed
. . so long to thee.'
Ton know not yet yoor children's grief, and
'i-rj when ye joy fnl come, --r , '
A mingling of our smiles and tears will be
your welcome home.
T . .......... t . . 1 1
We clad our loved ones for the grave in robes
' of simple white, ' ' ' 11
Robes that in health and beauty were familiar
.10 our sight :',.,.' -.
We laid them softly down lo rest within one
coffin bed; ' ' 1 .'ir.a
The -white rose and the lesamine fair, their
fragranee round thrrn shed;.
We placed a white rose-bud upon each Ijttle
urt-asi 01 enow,
Pure as the liny, loVinj heart 'that once had
t ' beat below j , , -,f,f. ,. f . ....
'Twas hard lo bear them from our sight, with
aimtred iinsr 10 dwelt : ' "
Two silken curls are all we've left their love
1. , liness lo tell. . w
When lo our happy home we turn, and meet
our child s embiaee,
And watch ihe welcoming joy that beams
upon tier lair young Ince,
Amid Our love there conies a thought that
saddens with iis cloom,
Our sister's heart is lonely now, and childless
is ner nome.
! ' 1 4 ! r Horn Journal.
Report.
n-.i
1 REPORT OF THE
AETOETAR Y or THE TKEABCRT.
. c .j Tbrssiirt Dcpabtmbht,
r, 1 main
' I I " . .
The Secretary of ihe Treasury reports:
r r neccaiper, 1040.
. Receipts and Expenditures.
The receipts and expenditures for the fiscal
year ending 30lh June, 1849, were:.
Receipts from customs, 828,246.738 12
it
publio land, ; ,,1 . 1,688,959 55
misoel's sources, ' 1,038,649 13
avails of Treas'ry notes ,, ., ,
and loans in specie, 17,755,750 00
Do funded, . 10,833,000 00
59,63,037 80
Add balance in the Treasu
ry, July 1, 1848,
I' ,v:." 'j . : ' - :
153,534 60
$59,116,632 10
The expendi
tures for the
same fiscal
year were in
cash
46.798,667 82
Treasury notes
funded
10.833,000 00
S57.63I.667 82
LeavingabalanceintheTrea . t
snry July 1, 1849, : . , $2 184,964 28
aa appears in detail by accompanying stale
men I A. t , ,
.- .Ettinctet. ,
The eslimated receipt and expenditures for
the fiscal year ending 30th June, 1850, are:
Receipts . from customs (
. 1st quarter, by actual re .l
lurns,' $1 1,643,721 S4 ''' ' '
Receipts'
Worn eus.. j .
10ms 2d, '
3d and 4th ' u -! - ' ' -J '
qu'ters, as
eslima-.ed 19,156,271 46
1 1 ' ui to. ,it f 8 1,600,000 00
Receipts from publio land 1,700,000 00
miscell't sources
1,200,000 00
t24,400,0O0 00
Receipts from -''' '
availsof loans ' ' -i : v'
fn specie, ; ' $809,050 04)
Receipts from ' ' ' " ;i ;" "
'do In TraaM."' ' ? ' ! J 1
ry notes fund" " ' ' 'l
J,'"." ' ' ' 839,560 00 '
1,2M,500 0Q
Tolal receipts,
$35,683,590 00
Add balance in it
a treaaury
j
2,114,54 28
T July J,1849,
Total means as estimated, ' $37,823,404 23
,.i I i-'j . FTditTU, vig. .
Taa actual ex - , .
, penditures for
i 1 '
me 1st quarter .
endingSeptem' "" '-Hi
ber 30, lM,.r-:u.j ..,.1 ;
war . S3,004,lt) 00
m a wpwanj in de-r - . , ;,
tail by aeoom
pauing statem't
The estimated ' L "
! e',7
expendit'rB do " ; - .;- ! . t ,ra
ttnf tha athert t.- r. r .! ,-,
ihraaeyiarlarB ,. ; 1:, t, ;. . , ;,, .
freni 1st Oct, , . , , ' ,
49io0thJuna" ' '
i850 anrt - j : ':
Ci vH risl, loseign .). ( ..... lJ .qj j,.;.
intercourse ana
imiikMllMeoua, 10,120,11$
Expepsea ofool- . 1
teciing revenue 1 ""' " ' '" '
"frexnmioeaa, 1 l,tlft,0M 00 ; . ,
Kinansaaaf eei- , (3a ai , . u..,, j
!
Axiaf prapat ttt. I.IO.0M 90
Fortificat'ns ord-1
' nance, arming
militia, etc., ,
Internal i move
1.997,420
93
ment etc.,
Indian deptirlm't
Pensions,
Naval establish
7t,07i 30
859.9C3 73
682,630 77
ment, 6,814,783 43
Interest on pub
Iki debt Alrea
aury notes, , , , 3,700,878 40
-43,651,585 94
Deficit 1st July, 1860, ' $5,828,121 66
The estimated receipts and expenditures for
' the fiscal year commencing July I," 1850,
and ending June 30, 481, are: ''
Receipts from customes, $32,000,000 00
' " " pnblio lands,'- 2,150,000 00
" miscellaneous sources, 300,000 00
Total estimated receipts $34,450,000 00
The expenditures during ihe same period, as
estimated by the several Departments of
Male, Treasury. War, Navy, Interioj, and
Postmaster General, are:
The balances of former appro
pnalions winch will be requi
red to be expended this year 85,656,536 34
Permanent and indefinite ap
propioprialions, ' 5.643.410 24
Specific appropriations ' asked ' ,
for this year, , ,33,697,152 15
$44,997,092 73
This sum is composed of Ihe' following parti
culars: '-:'.:!
Civil list, foreign intercourse, '
ami nnscellaneous, ' ' $11,088,724 64
Expenses of collecting reve- '
nue from customs, - . : 2,750,000 00
Expenses of collecting reve '
noe from lands, 170.835 00
Army proper, Ac.,' 8,296,183 44
Fortifications, ordnance, arm
ing militia, Ac, :' 2,015,446 00
Internal improvements, 1,247,203 38
Indian department, ' 191210 53
Pensions, .. 1,927,010 00
Naval esublishment, 11,353,129 64
Interest on Treasury notesand
public debt, ' 3,742,951 13
Purchase of stock of the loan ' '
of 28th January 1847 ' . 492,898 97
$44,997,092 73
Deficit July 1, 1851,
Do July ll850,
$10,547,092 73
5,838.121 66
Total deficit,! 1850 ft 1851,' ' 616.475,214 38
Prior to the 1st of July last, the expenses
of collecting (he revenue from customs were
paid out of tha accruing revenue at the seve
ral ports, and only tho balance came into the
Treasury ; of course the receipts at Ihe Trea
sury, actual and estimated, were of the nclt
revenue after deducting all expenses. ,
By Ihe act of tho 3d of March last, the
system was changed from and after the 1st
of Juij, 1849. Aud, accordingly, the receipts
actual and eslimated, from that dale are of
the gross revenue, and estimates are submit
ted of ihe expenses of collection.
Public Debt.
Annexed wi!l be found table marked (E.)
in compliance with Ihe 22d section of the act
of the 28th January, 1847, containing the in
formation required thereby respecting the is
sue, redemption, purchase, and resale of trea
sury notes. , j
As required by the first section of the act
of 10ih August, J756, a statement is append
ed (marked E E) showing the am't of Trea
sury notes puid withiii the preceding year
under the provisions of lhat act.
Statement (F) shows the payments into
he treasury on account of the loan of 1848.
The publio debt amounted, on the 1st of
October, 1848, agreeably to table (0) annex
ed lo bq last report of my predecessor, to
Ihe sum of $65,778,450 41. Since thai lime
$1,073,756 70 of tho debt haa been redeemed
and extinguished by the purchase of stock, Ato.
Of the amount thus redeemed and exiin
guiaked there were on account of tha debt
of the cilios of the District of Columbia as
sumed by rtie act of Ihe 20th May, 1836,
$60,000 ; on account of the old funded ' and
unfunded debt, $5,089 $8 ) of treasury holes
purchased at par and received in payment
for lands and customs, $2,150; of military
bounty scrip $233,075 j of the stock of 1842,
80,70O; of the slock of 1843, $136,000 of
Ihe slock of 1848, $260,000; of the slock of
1847, $382,500 ; which last was paid, for out
d the- land fund, : ami purohaed bv Htmh
Maxwell, Esq.; collector of New York, with
the aid (kindly afforded of C. W. Lawrence,
Esq, the late collector of that port whose re
signal wn had, at that lime, just taken effect,
aud who acquired some rxpeiience in similar
operations, from baviug, been employed in
them by the government . in the previous
year. See statement hereto anuexed mar
kd(cf ,v; , ' :- v.
The puolio debt now amounts to Ihe sum
of $64,704,603 Tl, whiohwill be redeemable
as follows. ; v ' .;
Parts of the otd funded 11 1 - '
and unl'andetl debt as) .i ,
presentation . ,
122473 0
v-i !
, , ..:
60,000 00
.1 ' ! J ! , r
Debts of the District ei
ties assumed by Con 1 t:"
. gresa. $60,000 payable
annually ...
Five per cent slock, per "
aet 01 August, lodb, re
deamabla 9th , August .
1851 "
303,573 $3
Five per cemt loaaof d !
, JtlarcBi JB, redeem, if,,,
able tat July, 1893
6,468,231
IS
Six percent loan of 2IJ
juiy, lose, reueemaous 1 1
4,099,14$ 48
Amu ll
8,198,696 03
27,618,350 65
. ,149,828 00
15,740,000 00
144,139 31
" ''. '.' . ' $61,704,693 71
... Ways and Means.
It will be observed that there is estimated
a deficit on Ihe 1st July next, of $5,828,121
66, and on the 1st July, 1851, of $10,547,092
73; making, in the whole, an estimated de
ficit of $18 376,214 39 to be provided for,
arising from tho expenses of the war and
treaty with Mexico. ,
In proposing some alterations in the exis
ting tariff, with a view as well o the neces
sary augmentation. of the revenue as the en
couragement of industry, I think it right o
present distinctly the views entertained on
ihe hitler subject, in the hope that a course
may be adopted by the jwisdom and patrio
tism, of Congress whichqmay to harmonize
discordant feelings and promote the general
prosperity.
1. I entertain no tloubl of the rightfnl pow-
er of Congress" to regulate commerce arid levy
imposts and duties, with the purpose of en
couraging our own industry In selecting
for adoption one of two proposed regulations
of commerce, it would appear to be clearly
the right of Congress to choose lo one which
would, in its opinion be most salutary to the
country; and, in like manner, in laying im
posts and duties, it would seem that the en
deavoi onalil to be to' recant the interests of
the whole people, not as little, but as much
as possible.
It is not a question ot assuming a power
expressly granted by the constitution, on Ihe
ground that it may tend to Ihe attainment of
a general end therein expressed. Here the
power to regulate commerce and the power
to levy and collect duties are and collect du
ties are expressly given, and the only ques
tion is, whether 1hey ought not to be exer
cised with a view to the general good. ' '
It seems to me that to exercise these or
any othet powers with any other view, would
be a misuse of power and subversive thc
legitimate end of Government.
I find no obligation written in Ihe constitu
tion to lay taxes, duties or imposts at the low
est rate that will yield the largest revenue.
As instances of the exercise of the - power
of regulating commerce, may bo "mentioned
the prohibition of importations, except the
designated ports; the prohibition of the coast
ing trade to all foreign vessels, and lo all
American vessels, not licensed and enrolled ;
the prohibition of certain trade lo foreign
vessels under the navigation act of 1846; the
prohibition of certain trade to American ves
sels by the nonintercourse act, and of all trade
by the embargo act ; the draw back on the
re-exportation of foreign goods, finally, the
prohibition of the introduction of adulterated
drugs into the country by the act of tho 29th
of June, 1848.
Lnder the power lo levy taxes, duties and
imposts, I refer to the discriminating tonage
d-jties on foreign vessels, the discriminating
duties on their cargoes the preamble lo Ihe
first law imposing duties passed under the
constitution, and the enactments of most of
the subsequent ones. '
: These enactments show that at most or all
periods of our histoty the views which I have
expressed appear to have been sustained and
acted on. ,
II. All hgislation designed to favor a par
ticular class to the prejudice of others, or to
injure, a particular class for lha benefit of
others, ie manifestly unwise, aud unjust
Nothing can be more destructive of the true
inteiesls af the country than such legislation,
except the refusal of real salutary legislation,
under an erroneous impressiou lhat it may
favor one class lo the prejudice of others,
while in fact the denial of it injures all clas
ses, and benefits nobody.,
III. A 'Tery producer in one branch of
useful industry is also a consumer of the pro
duota af others, and bis ability to, consume
depend jipqu Ihe profits of bis production, it
follows lhat to give prosperity to one branch
of industry there will be individual rivalry.
but among the several branches pf useful in
dustry there must almost, .exist an unbroken
harmony of interest.
No country can attain 'a due strength or
prosperity that does not by its own labor
carry its own productions as nearly as possi
ble to the point necessary to fit them for ulti
mate consumption. To export its raw mate
rial and re-import the articles manufactured
from that of another country, is to ptelermil
the means which nature has provided for its
advancement, .
' For jnstance, we exported, during the fis
cal year ending 30th June, 1846,' raw cotton
to ihe value of about sixty-six 'millions of
dallats. If that cotton had been spun and
woven at home, (supposing its value to be
inoreased fourfold by manufacture,) it would
have produced a value of about one hundred
and ninety-eight million! in addition.' '' ' j
This question would not be completely an
swered by merely pronouncing tha added
value af oae hundred and ninety-eight mil
lions of dollars la a large profit ta lha man'u
Ittrer,' any 'more than taa qeeetien af the
effect of toe production of wheat would be
answered by ' deducting lha cast af aaad
wheat from tha value af the crop, tod po
UoancinoT lha tmindar re be a hraa taxtfit
to the farmer.
ble 31st Deo. 1862
Six per cent loan of 28th
January, 1847, redeem
- able 1st January, 1868
- Do . do - do do
Six per cent loan of 31st
March 1848 redeema
ble 1st July 1868 1
Treasury notes issned '
prior to 1846, payable
on presentation, if con, , ,
verted into stock, un ,
der the act of January,
1847, will be redeem
able 1st July, 1868 - !
I The manufacture of cotton clot ft is begun
with the planting of the cotton; it is carried
ta a certain point by Ihe planter, and then
taken op and perfected by the spinner and
weaver,1 The planter 1 and maufactuier are
not engaged in different" branches of indus
try, but in the same; the one commences
the process which the other completes.
Cotton seed of insignificant value being by
regular stages of labor developed and brought
to the form of cotton cloth, has acquired a
value of about two hundred and sixty-four
millions. .-
' The planting States have added many mil
lions to the annual production of the country
by Ihe culture of cotton. By continuing the
process they could quadruple that addition.
1 The planter would ihen have a market at
his door for all his produce, and the farmer
would iu like manner have a home market
for his The power of cohsumplion of not
only breadstuff, but of every article useful
or necessary in the feeding, clothing, and
housing of man, would be vastly . increased
Ihe consumer and producer would be brought
nearer to each other; and in fact a stimulus
would be applied to every branch of produc
live industry. . , , , ,.. ,
, Il is gratifying to know that the manufac
lure of eotion -has already been introduced
into several of the planting States, (see docu
ment marked W. hereto annexed,) and it
ought not to be doubted will rapidly be ex
tended. . ,
The manufacture of iron, wool, and our
other staples, would lead to similar results
The effect would be a vast augmentation of
our wealth and power.
.1 will proceed to state the nature of the
modifications which it appears expedient to
make in the existing tariff, and, if required.
will hereafter present a plan in detail
The rates of duty are, in my opinion, too
low, especially on articles similar to our own
staples. 1 conceive that the revenue has
suffered materially from this circumstance
Indeed, I am compelled to believe that it
would have been greatly diminished but for
the extraordinary demand for our breadstuff's
and provisions produced by the famine in
Europe jn 1847 and to a great extent con
linued by the short . crop abroad in 1848.
(See Ihe statement marked M. hereto annex
ed.) Even under these favorable circum
stances, the average revenue from woollens,
cottons, hempen goods, iron, sugar, hemp uu
manufactured, salt, and coal, has fallen under
Ihe act of 184G from 514,162,007 to 813,392,
624 50, taking the average from the receipts
of. 1845-1846 and and those of 1S48-1849!
being an average diminution of $709,982 50,
ns will be seen by the table marked N, here
to annexed; the loss of annual revenue being
as follows
On cottons
On hempen goods
On sugar
On salt
On coal
$918,804- 00
61,794, 50
181,741 50
348,438 00
70,030 00
$1,580,898 00
$353,592 50
, The gain as follows :
On woollens
On iron
On hemp unmanufactured
415,240 00
.. 40,083 00
$810,915 50
, Warehouses.
A statement is herewith presented, (mark
ed P,) showing the expenses incurred during
the last fiscal year in Ihe execution of the
act of the 6th August, 1846, "to establish
warehousing system," fiom which it will be
seen tbey amount to $194,634,66 beyond all
tha receipts from stoiage, Ac. To this sum
there are to be added many charges for rent,
labor, clerk hire, stationary, Ac, that do not
appear ju these accounts, but justly belong to
Ihem. i- ; ,- ;.
The subject is one of great embarrassment
to Ihe Department. Congress has cot matte
any provision for these expenses unless they
are embraced in the appropriation for the ex
parses of collecting the revenue from cus
toms. To a large extent, they are incurred
without the receipt of any revenue whatever.
and, in order to meet the provisions of this
act, and grant all its facilities to commerce
in Ihe several districts, it must continue to
impose au annual charge upon the Treasury.
This act provides that, in all cases where the
duties upon imported merchandise are not
paid within the period allowed by Jaw, or
whenever the importer shnll make entry for
warehousing the same, the said merchandise
shall be taken possession of by the Collector
and the importer It appears also to be con
templated by the act that the storage shall
be at the usual rates at the port of importa
tion. , .,
, The act of 3d, March, 1841, requires
"that all stores hereafter rented by the Col.
lector, Naval Officer, and Surveyor, shall
be on public account, and paid tor by the
Collector as such." ,
, These requirements of law have imposed
upon this Department the necessity of making
ample provision for large quantities of mer
ehaiidiee in advance of their arrival, and of
securing the attendance of competent officers'
clerks, and laborers, to take charge of the
same. The experience of three years fully
proves that tha receipts from storage at the
usual rales, and do other should be charged
will aet defray lha expenses of the system,
A statement is also presented, (marked
Q,) showing tha value of dutiable merchan
dise .re-exported Iron. 1821" ta J849, from
which will be seen lhat tha . total . amount of
such export during that period was $gj,.
At a 1 a . at
.,oi,oresuiMaiifaativMU
Trem lha 1st Demon-hew. lfAfl. s. iw-V. I
June, 1849, the aggregate exports of dutiable
merchandise from warehouse amounted tO
$7,213,819, or an annual average Of 82,792,.
439. In 1 these exports from wn rehouses
there is Included tha merchandise that was
imported fntn foreign countries and trans
ported to Canada ; also, the wheat, wheat
flour, &c, that have been transported from
Canada) and the salted fisht ko , from other
British North American provinces intended
for shipment from our ports to foreign coun
tries. .
Duting the three years preceeding the en
actment of the warehousing act, viz: in
1844, 1845, and 1846, the total expoits of
dutiable merchandise amounted
to . 114,856,816
During the three following years,
viz: 1847, ,1848, and 1849,
these exports amounted to $17,856,182
The increase of exports, which appears
ftom this statement, to the extent of mora
than two millions of dollars, is made up of
the wheat, flour, fish, ko., from the British
American provinces, and merchandise trans
potted under the transportation act of 3d
March, 1845, before referred to.
From the returns made to this Department)
and the quarterly statement published it is
believed to be apparent that the operation of
the warehousing act has not been beneficially
felt in the general business of the country.
Respectfully submitted,
WM. M. MEREDITH,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
Washington, December, 1849.
A PROSTRATE POLITICIAN.
Cur foncB. One day after the Election.
The following confabulation will explain it
self:
Mayor Ralph Hutchinson, you were ex
tricated from a mud puddle in Race street,
last night; lying like a beast, on your back.
Jialpfc. Hold, sir; that lying wont do.
Mayor. How sir Lying! What do you;
mean!
' Ralp h You say I was lying, like a beast,
on my back. I never' saw a beast lie en its
back ' Beasts lie generally on their bellies;
sometimes on their sides, but never on their
backs. "'
Mayor You lie every way. ' A drunkard
is a beast ; and a drnnkard commonly lies
on his back.
Ralph If he does, that's better than lying
in his throat. But 1 was not drunk, sir, pre
cisely; I threw myself on the ground in a
fit cf despair and unutterable anguish.
Mayor-. On what account, pray 1
Ralph Can your honor be a Whig and ask
that question T As soon as the terrible news
of our defeat came to my ears, I fell into a
swoon, with my face on the ground, just as
if I had been knocked down with a brick bat.
: Mayor With your face on ihe ground !
But how does' that account for your being
found on your back 1
Ralph When I had mm insensible for
about fifteen minutes, I turned over and look
ed upward, as if to see if there were any
dawr.ingi of hope for us. But all was impe
netrably dark.
MayorSo wonder, when it was half-past
twelve o'clock.
Ralph. I saw what seemed to be a glim
mering star in the distance. This affords me
some comfort. The twinkling luminary drew
nearer, and at last I discovered it to be a
lighted segar in the mouth of a llpsy watch
man.' He took the weed out of bis potato
trap; spit about half a pint of rank tobacco
juice in my face, and than asked me what I
was doing there, making a hog of myself
Mayor And. a very pertinent qnestidMt
was I think. Now if you had sense enough i
to see and observe all this, why didn't you
get out of the mud 1
Ralph Well, the sense of shame and dis
tress I felt for 'the ruined prospects of our par
ty, made me feel like t didn't care where I
was. Thinks I, if Whiggery's gone to tha
dogs, I might as well go among the dogs; so
wallowed in the mud like a real grimier.
The ground was pretty dry when I first fell;
but I shed so many tears for Ihe ruin of the
Whig cause, that I made it a real quagmire.
Mayor Humph! I wonder you were not
afraid of being taken up as drunk.
Ralph Why 1 thought of thai; but then
1 considered that if any fool of a watchman
should have the impudence to take me, your
honor would have sense enough to set all to
rights. " ' '
Mayor This tale will hardly do, Mr
Hutchison; but considering all circumstances
you may go. unty taxe care not 10 give way
to such extravagant grief another lime, as my
successor might have little discretion enough
to mistake your case for one of intoxication.
Ralph Very likely, sir. I'll take your ad
vice. Good morning, sir. Exit.
Greglct on Cobb. Horace Creel y. in
his "editorial correspondence,'' thus speaks
of the Democratic candidate? for Speaker :
And Iri roe say here bX Mr. Howell
Cobb is also a man of decided capacity,
tact and energy. Personallv. I fcarelv
know him, but in Parliamentary tactics 9
ha no superq , and as presiding 0(BceP
(in committee of the whole he e -J.
ced courtesy, decision with i'uipartilitT
Hi politics, genera! and ' sectional, are of
tha stamp I cannot see, the beauty of- but
I know no man holding like bninion. r-
pcctin.; the Slavery Eitpriiion; (h, Tarifl
etc., whom I would sna- ... -1.
He is opposed to Mealing, whether in tha
form ot eatr gllowsnce, double-and-twisted
MvSp or any other, and will five his sup-,
part, Avbataer in the chair or aa the floor,
n; measure f J.aliwaxl Eamamr sxrw
seAvotw .J. j , '