PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
MCBBAOE OF ME IfMDESTjLOF TIIS
UNITED MTATE& JLm 'BOTH llSE Of
THE THIRTY-VIBkT ioHGREStl tECEM.
. M9- w T EI ,
VHoif-C i&ns of Mr fcnaf Md W4.mm of
KtprtstntattvM : 6i xi y -yeare- ve eh pseU
since Ihe establishment of this Government,
and ihe Congress of the United -Slates again
assembles to letiislate for an empire of free
men. rrhprillcliori8 6ritjppMoIj JB
rn..vMinn.ii m foretell the the down
fall o(. qar.intityUflitar WpUexed
n7y to be derided, and Iho United States of
J .... ' . . t n ihn
America, at Mis momenr,
world the moat stable and permanent Govern-
But on earthi -- - "-- --- -- -
Such, is the result mf, the;, labors of those
hA hare " c6iie before us. Upon Congress
VULjiiBUwaUydepcmi jne , lutureiBiqie
nance of oor system of free government, and
the transmission of it unimpaired to posterity.
.We are'at nea'ce With all the world,' hud
aeek to maintain our cherished relation of
amity with the rest of mankind. During the
past year, we have been blessed, bv a kind
Providence, wilh an abundance of the fruits
of the earth ; and, -nlthoush Ihe destroyinff
angel for a lime visited extensive portions of
our territory with the ravage of a dreadful
pestilence, yet the Almighty has at lenpth
deigned to s'tay his hand,1 and lo restore ihe
inestimable blessing of general hralth lo a
Seople who have acknowledged his power,
eprecated his wrath, and implored his mer
ciful protection. ' .
While enjoying the benefits of amicable
Inlercniirsa with foreign nations, we have not
.been insensible lo the distractions and wars
'which liHve prevailed in other quarters of ihe
world. II is a proper theme of thanksgiving
to Him who roles ihe destinies of nations,
I hat we have been able In maintain, amidst
all these contests, an independent and lieu
lral position towards all be 1 1 if (-'rent powcis.
Our relations wilb Great Britnin are of the
most friendly character.- In ronsrqnence of
Ihe recent alteration of the British navigation
acts, British vessels, from British and other
foreign ports, will, (under our existing laws,)
after the first day of January next, be admit
ted to entry in our ports, with ihe cargoes of
the growth, manufacture, or production of
any part of the world, on I ho same terms,
as lo duties, imposts, and charges, as vessels
of the United States with their cargoes; and
our vessels will be admitted lo Ihe same ad
vantages in British ports, entering therein on
-the mid j terms as British vessels.. , Should
no order in council distuib this legislative ar
rangement, the late net of the British Parlia
ment, ' by which Great Britain is brought
within the terms proposed by the act of Con
gress of the 1st of March, 1817, it is hoped,
will be productive of benefit to both coun
tries. A slight interruption of diplomatic Inter
course, which occurred between this Govern
ment and France, I am happy to say, has
been terminated, and our Minister there has
been received. It is therefore unnecessary
to refer, now, to the circumstances which led
to that interruption. I need not express lo
you the sincere satisfaction with which we
shall welcome the arrival of another Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
fjom a sister republic, to which we have so
lotig been, and still , remain, bound by the
strongest ties of amity.
Shortly lifter I had entered upon the dis
charge of the Execntive duties, I was appri
sed mat a war steamer, belonging to the ler.
man Empire, was being fitted out in the har
bor of New York, with the aid of some of our
naval officers, rendered under the permission
of the late Secretary of the Navy. This per
mission wastrrdnted during an armistice be
tween that .Empire and llie Kingdom of Den
mark, which hud been engaged iiitheSchles-
Wic-Holslein war. 'Apprehensive that this
act- Of' intervention, on our pari, might be
viewed as a violation of our neutral ubliir.i
tions. -incurred bv Ihe treaty with Denmark
and. of the provisions of tlie act of Congress
ot tne zutn ol April, is IS, l directed that no
farther aid should be rendered by ary agent
or officer of the Nuvv ; and I instrncied Ihe
Secretary of State to apprise the Minister of
the German Empire accredited to this Go
vernment, of my determination lo execute
the law of the United States, and lo maintain
the faith of treaties wilb all nations. The
correspondence, which ensued between the
Department of State and the Minister of the
German Empire, is herewith laid before you.
Tne execution of Ihe law and the observance
ot the treaty 'were lleemml by me to be due
to the honor of llie country, ps well as to the
sacred (Obligations of the , Constitution. I
shall not fait to pnrsno ' the same course,
should a similar case arise with any other
nation Having avowed the opinion, on ta
king ihe oalli of olfice, that, in disputes be
tween conflicting foreign governments, it is
our intetest, not less than our duty, to re
main strictly neutral, I shall not abandon it.
Von will perceive, from the correspondence
submitted to you, in connexion with I his so b-
1'ect. that the course adopted in this rase has
leen properly regarded by iho belligerent
powers interested in the mailer.
Although a minister of the United Slates to
the German Empire was appointed by my
predecessor in August, 1.848, and has, lor a
long time, been in attendance at Frank forl-n-the-Maine
; and ulthough a Minister, ap
pointed to represent that Empire, was re
ceived aud accredited here, yet no such Go
vernment as that of the German Empire has
been' definitively const iltited Mr. Donelsun,
onr representative at Frankfort, remained
there several months, in the expectation that
a union of Ihe German Slates, under cue Con
tituliou or form of Government, mitthl, at
length, ba organized. It, is believed, by
those well acquainted with the existing rela
tion between I'rossia and Ihe Slates-ot Ger
many, that no such union can be permanently
established without her co-operation. In ihe
event of the formation of such a union, and
Ihe organization of a central power in Ger
raaAv, of which1 heishoulil form -a patt, it
would become necessary to xviihdinw our
Minister -at . Berlin ; bar while Piussia- exists'
M an independent kingdom, and diplomatics
relations are maintained wilh her, there can
be no necessity for the continuance of the
mission. to FrUnkfurt. J have,'.' therefore,, re
called jMfc.Doqelson, ..and, directed. jUe ar
chive of the legation , at Frankfort, , to be.
uansierrej to tne American legation at Dcr-
liir.i.l:io-r i:ini H i -- vi-'!. i -iu' i! '
.Having been apprised .that a considerable
number of, adventurers wore engaged u lil
ting out' a military expedition, within he
United States, against a foreign country J and
Dolievin'g, 'from the besl information I could
obtain, :lhal il was destined to Invade the
isjajid ofr Cuba,,- I, damned , it due lo ihe
friendly relations existing between ihe Uui
tea Sfates and Spafn ;' to' Ihe tfeaty between
tbrf lwo-ttarroAs--, to the law's of the United
Slates') end, above oil,: to Ihe American hmi
QTtq eerl the lawful authority of this Go
vernment in suppressing the expedition and
preventing the lovasiori.
'To this ea4, 1 Issued a proclamation," en
joining it upon the officer of the United
Stale, civil and military, - to us all lawful
means wilhiu their powff. A copy of that
proclamation Ss herewith submitted. The
Mpedilienlras been suppressed. 1 So long as
the sot of Congress, of lue 20ia of April, 1848,
ybicltpv its existence to the Jaw, of rw
yons and to ihs pojicy of Washington hinv
self; shut! rertialu nil our ilatnte-book, I bold
it to b-th dniyof rtie "Executive faithfully
to obey its injunctions. i. VJ i ."
While Ihi expedition was in -progress, 1
TM informed ttwl a foreyjner,, svhu claimed
our proiectjoii, had been vlunjesiiiicly, aiuL
as w supposed, forcibly, eartiej ofT'in a
ftsawl from frr 'Orlean to lha island of
nit ijo'i i'-u-'iH ,b:il p.lf, to -Mi c-:
4.iJl at ' tv j! -1 -.-1 , j
Cuba. I immediately csosed siub, steps to
be taken as I thought necessary, in esse the
ioformaliooiiiad received. ohouU proff cot
tovii IcatelWhorli of (ba c4ntry,
art I ihe tii l of etfeiy peMn seekihg )
li(l on oui toil to in jrotskillon nfkourlaws.
Tli persoi alleged ts hsvw been 'sllthicted
Msii rjromi ,Iv restored, anil the i circirrastan-
J crt of ihe yfese araowbout to; ondeifo in-
vesugnnon oeiora a juuiciai mounai, i
would respectfully suggest, that although the
crime charged lo have been commined in
hi,ca.sa is heljl odjous'as being, in oonflict
.wSi dirf.aptuioiw'oh lha ubject'of natiubal
sovereignly aud personal freedom, there is no
ueu in any act ot Congress. 1 oeexpeuiency
of snpuJyiug nhls defect iCour crirmnnl code'
is, therefore, recommended to your considera
tion. 1 have scrnpulonsjy avoided any interfer
ence in the wars anil contentions which have
freeenriy distracted Eiirope.-''-"'-"-1"-'
. JJuriug me uiie ooninct , oeiween Aostna
and Hungary, there seemed lo be a prospect
that ihe latter might become an independent
nation. However faint that prospect at I he
lime appeared, 1 thought it my duly, in ac
cordance with ihe general sentiment of Ihe
American people, who deeply sympathized
with Ihe Magyar patriots, to stand prepared,
npou Ihe contingency of the establishment by
her of a permanent government, to be the
first to welcome independent Hungary into
the family of nations. For this purpose I
invested nn agent, then in Europe, with pow
er to declare our willingness promptly lo re
cognise her independence in the event of her
ability lo sustain it. The powerful interven
tion of Russia, in iho contest, exlingnished
ihe hope of the struggling Magyars. The
United Stales did not, at any lime, interfere
in the contest ; but the feelings of ihe nation
were strongly enlisted in. the cause, and by
the sufferings' of a brave people, who had
mude a gallant though unsuccessful effort to
be free.-, i ,,i -i -. '
. Our claims upon Portugal have been, dn
ling Ihe past year, prosecuted with renewed
vigor, ami il has been my object to employ
every erl'oit of honorable diplomacy lo pro
cure Iheir adjustment. Our late Charge d'
Atfaires at Lisbon, Ihe Hon. George W. Hop
kins, made able and energetic, but unsuc
cessful efforts lo settle these unpleasant mut
ters of controversy, and lo obtain indemnity
for Ihe wrongs which were the subjects of
complaint. Our present Chnrge d'Affaires at
that court will, afsoj bring lo'llie prosecution
of these claims ability and zeal. The revo
lutionary and distracted condition of Portu
gal, in past lime, has been represented as one
of ihe leading causes of her delay in indem
nifying our suffering citizens. But I must
now 6ay it is a matter of profound regie! that
these claims have not yet been settled. The
emission of Portugal . lo do justice to Ihe
American claimants has now assumed a
character so grave and serious, that I shall
shortly make it the subject of a special mes
sage to Congress, wilh a view to such ulti
mate action as its wisdom and patriotism may
supgest.
Wilh Russia Austria, Prussia, Sweden,
Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, and the
Italian Stales, we still maintain our accus
tomed amicable relations.
During the recent revolutions in the Papal
Stales, our Charge d'Affaires at Rome has
been unable to present his letter of credence,
w hich, indeed, he was directed by my pre
decessor to withhold until he should receive
further orders. Such was Ihe unsettled con
dition of things in those Stales, that it was
not neemeu expedient lo give him any in
structions on l tie subject of presenting his
credential letter dillerent Irom those with
w hich he had been furnished by the lute ad
ministration, until the 25ih of June last;
when, ill consequence of Ihe wat;t of accu
rale information of the exact state of things,
ut that distance from us, -he ,wa instructed
lo exercise his own discretion in presenting
himself to the iheu existing ' government, if,
in his judgment, sufficlentlv stable; or if not,
to await I or; her events Since that period,
Rome hits undergone another revolution, and
he abides the establishment of a government
sufficiently permanent to justify liim in open
ing Diplomatic intercourse; with it.
With Ihe Republic of Mexico it is our true
policy lo cultivate the most friendly relations.
Since the ratilicalion of the treaty of Cnada
luie Hidalgo, nothing has occurred of a seri
ous character to disturb them. A faithful ob
servance of the treaty, and a sincere respect
for her rights, cannot (ail to secure the last
ing confidence and friendship of that repub
lic. The message of my predecessor to ihe
House of Representatives, of Ihe 8lh of Feb
ruary last, communicating, in compliance
with a resolution of thai body, a copy of a pa.
per called a protocol, signal" at Quere'tira, on
Ihe 30ih of May, J848, by the commissioners
of ihe United Slates and the minister of for
eign affairs of the Mexican government, hav
ing been a subject of correspondence be
tween the Department of State nnd the En
voy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipolen.
liary of that republic accredited la this Go.
vernment, a transcript of that correspondence
is herewith submitted.
The Commissioner on the part of the Uni
ted Stales for marking the boundary between
the two republics, though delayed in reach
ing San Diego by uuforseen obstacles, arrived
at that place within a short period after ihe
time required bv the treaty, and was ihere
joined by the Commissioners on the pari of
Mexico. They entered upon their duties;
and, at Ihe (lute of the latest intelligence
from that quarter, pome progress had been
marie in the survey. The expenses incident
lo the organization of the commission, and to
Ihe point where its operations were lo begin,
have so much reduced Iho fund appropriated
by Congress, that a further sum, lo cover Ihe
charges which must be incurred during the
present fiseal year, wili"be necessary. " The
great length of froulier along which the bouiu
dary extends, the nature of the adjacent tor
rilnry, and the' difficulty 'of obtaining sop
plies, except at or near the extremes if the
line, render it also indispensable that a liberal
provision should be mude Jo meet ihe noces
sary charges during ihe fiscal year ending on
the 30!h of June. 1851. ' 1 accordingly re
oommeud this subject to your attention.
In ihe adjustment of the claims of Ameri
can citizens on Mexico, provided for by the
late treaty 'the employment of counsel, nn
the put ol the Government, ma become lm"
porturit for the purpose of assisting the com
missioners in protecting Iho interests of Ihe
United Siates. recommend this subject to
ihe early and favorable consideration of Con
tfiV. 1 '"' i1 ' : ' ' '' i: i i- .in 1 1 1 liu;l
complaints nave been made-Irv regard to
the iueliwiency of the mean provided by
the government, of New Grenada. Im trans-
porting the United Slates mail across the
Isthmus of Panama, pursuant to onr Postnl
convention wilh lhat republic, of the 6th of
March, lfltt. Oor Charge 'Affaires at Bo
gota has been diiecled to, make such repre
sentation to (he government of New Grenn.
da as will, it is hoped, lead to a prompt re-
iiitivui ui mis rausa in compiaim.
The sanguinary civil war wilh Which the
Republic of. Venezuela has lor soma - lima
past been ravaged, has been brought lo a
close. In its prngiess, the rights of some of
onr citizens resident or trading there have
bpon violated.' The restoration of order will
allorj thu Venezuelan government an oppor.
tunity lo examine and redrew them grievau
ces, aud oi hers of.longer atamling, which our
representatives al Carraccas have, hitherto,
indueoiuaily urged upon the attention of lhal
goverametiMr i' . i ,r . .!: N'
- The extension (pf ihe coast of the United
5'aleaou lm Pacific., sod ,he unexampled,
rapidity I, which lha iuhbilul,f Cali
rorma, especially, Hra increasing i numbers,
pav Imparled new consequence to our rela
lions with tho other Oountrie whose lerrito.
.) 1 ''1 ; 'U 111 Hi V.-.-, i ; ,ftlJH . , , ,
SUNBURY AMERICAN ftflP-qifAMOKIN
rics border upon lhat ocean, Il is probabls
that tha intercourse between those count rk
mat tne intercourse Del wee
sid one possessionssin that
! irly rh Ihe RrpaVio of I
lltenflva and muHrstly adv
lhal quarter, paMico
Chili, will become
rRhlurrennaJ In nrn
portiotf as California and Oregon shall ire
rn-nso in population and weailb. it I desi
htblOf therefore, that this Government should
do. seri'ihina hi -its power to foster and
strengthen its relations wilh those Stales, fend
that the spirit of amity between us shonld be
mutual and cordial. ' - - :.
1 reonrBmend-the observance of ihe feme
niin towards H ethef Arherican Stales
The United Stales stand as the grenl Ameri
oflri p6wM which, as lhefr nntnral ally and
frurid, .they will always be disposed,.firsl, to
took for medint ion nrtd assMancf, ihthe evrnt
of any collision between ihem and any Eu
lopean nntion. As such, we mav often kindly
thfdiade in' their behalf, without entangling
ourselves In !oretgn wars or unnecessary con
irovetsieiir WhemMrerthe faith of-onr trea
ties with any of them shall require our inter
ference, we must necessarily interpose.
A convention has been negotiated with
Bia7.il. providing for Ihe satisfaction of Amer
ican claims on that government, and il will
be submitted lo the Senate. Since the last
session ol Congress, we have received an
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo
tentiary from that r in pi re, and our relations
with it are founded upon the most, amicable
undeislandiiiff.
Your attention is earnestly invited to an
amendment of onr existing laws relating to
Iho African slave trade, with a view lo .the
effectual suppression of thai barbarous traffic.
It is not lo be denied that this trade is still,
in part, carried on by means of vessels built
in the United Slates, and owned er navigated
by some of our citizens. The correspondence
net ween ine uepartment ot Mate ami I lie
Minister and Consul of the United Slntes at
Rio de Janeiro, which has from lime to lime
been laid before Congress, represents lhat it
is a customary device lo evade the penalties
oi onr javs uy means ol sea-letters, x-sseh
sold in Brazil, when provided with sm-h pa
pers by the Consul, instead of relnrning -to
the United States for a new register, pro
ceed at once lo the coast of Africa, for the
pot pose of obtaining cargoes of slaves.
- Much additional information, of .the same
character, has recently been transmitted to
the Department of Slate. . It has not been
considered ihe policy of our laws lo subject
an American citizen, who, in a foreign coun
try, purchases a vessel built in the United
Slates, to the inconvenience of sending-her
bnmO for a new; register, before permitting
her to proceed on a voyage. Any alteration
of the laws, which might have a tendency lo
impede Ihe free trnrtsler of property in ves
sels between our citizens, or Ihe free naviga
tion of Ihose vessels between different parts
of the world, w hen employed in lawful com
merce, should be well aud cautiously con
sidered; but 1 trust that your wisdom will
devise a method -by which our general policy,
in this respect, may be preserved, and at the
same lime the abuse of our flag, by means of
sea-letters, in tbe manner indicated, may be
prevented.
Having ascertained that there is no pros
pect of the re-union of the five States of Cen
tral America, which formerly composed Ihe
republic of that name, we have sepaiately
negotiated with some el them treaties ol
amity and commerce, which will be laid be
fore the Senate
A contract having bepn concluded with
the State of Nicaragua, by a company com
poseu oi American citizens, loi the
purpose
oi constiuctuig a snip canal through the ter
rilorV of that Stale, lo connect the Atlantic
and racifie oceans, I have directed Ihe ne
gotiation of a treaty wilh Nicaragua, pledg
ing both governments lo protect those who
man tngHge in and pcrlect the work. ..All
other cations are invited by the Stale of Ni
caragua to enter into the tame Healy stipula
tiotiS with her, and the benefit to be derive!
by each from such nn arrangement, will be
ine protection ol this greal luter-oceauic com
munication against any poer which might
seek to obstitict it, or lo monopolize its ad
variingr. ah otatps, entering into such a
treaty, will enjoy the right of passage thiongh
the canal on payment ol the same tolls
The woik, if c-oiislriiiMed under these guar
antees, will become a bond of peace, instead
of a subject of contention and strife, between
Ihe nations of the earlh." Should ihe gieal
maritime Slates of Europe consent to this ar
rangement, (and we have no reason to sup
pose mat a piopositiou so fair and honorable
win ie oppused uy any,) the energies ol then
people ami ours will co-operate in promotin;
Ihe success of the enterprise, I do not re
commend any appropriation from Ihe National
treasury for this puipose, nor do I believe
lhat such an appropriation is necessary, Pri
Vate enterprise, it piopeily protected, will
complete tne woik, should il prove leasible
The parlies who have procured Ihe charier
from Nicaragua, for its const met ion, desire
no assistance from this Government beyond
its proteclion; and they profess lhal, having
examined the pioposed line of communica
tion, they will be ready to commence the
undeitakiug whenever lhat piotccliou shall
oe e.venneii lo inem., Mioulil there appear
to be reason, on examining the whole evi
dence, to entertain a serious doubt of the
practicability of constructing such a canal,
that dnubl could be speedily solved by aii
actual exploration of Ihe roule. . . . .
Should uch a woik be constructed, under
Ihe common protection of all nations, for
the equal benefits of nil. it would be neilher
hisl or expedient that any great maritime
Stale should command ihe communication.
The territory thiongh which the cnrrnl may
be opened ought lo be fieed from the claims
of any foreign poweiv No such power should
occupy a position ihat would enable il here
after In exercise so controlling an 1 influence
over Ihe commerce of the world, or lo ob
struct a highway wliirh ought lo be dedica
ted lo the conuiioii uses nf mnnkind. -'
The mules across Ihe Isthmus, at Tehnan
fepec ami Panama, are also worthy of our
serious consideration.- They did not fail lo
engage ihe utlenliou of my prederesaor.
The negotiator of the treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo was instructed to ulfer a very laige
sum ol money for ihe right of transit across
the Isthmus of 1 ehuantrpeas i ,) .
The Mexican government did not econde
to Ihe proposition for the pgichaso of the
right of way, probably becanseU tind already'
CimliiHsled itithpiivata individuals- far the'
cunsliuclioii of a paigj ..from the. Guasacu
alco river lo Tehuunteprv I shajl no re
new any Proposition to purchase, for money,
a right1 which ought to be equally seen red to'
all nations, on payment of ft reasonable "toll
tp the, pnr i)f jue improvement, ,tu ho
wouli, doubtless be well conlepleij. will, that
compensation and Ihe guarantees of the ma-'
ririme Slates of the world, in separate treaties'
negotialied wiia i-Mexiun, tiUiiltng her ami
them to protect, ibosq who . should construct
the work. Such guarantee would do more
to secure the completion of iho communica
tion through Ihe territory of Mexico,' than'
auy other reasonable consideration lhat could
be effected ; and as Mexico herself would be
Ihe greatest gainer by Iho opening of litis
communication between the ' Gulf aud the
Pacilio ocean, it is presumed lhal she wonld
not he lata to yield mr aid, in Ihe - manner
proposed, to.aocomplisb, an jipproyewenl so
important to her own best interests. , .
Wo have reason lo hope lhat the "proposed
railr.wil acros the Isthmiisef Panama will
be successfully constructed, under the pro
tection of he Ida treaty wilh New Gienada,
ratified ami exchanged by my , predecessor
on the lOlh day of June, 1848, which gijaran-,
lies lha perfect neutrality of the Isthmus,
and the rights of sovereignity and property of
New, Granada over, lhal Umiorv.! wiih a
vicar that the free irapsi'i from ocean lo ooeaii
. j
ft"' i.'.aj 'i :i .
.. ;ha exkfleDca of the treaty, It la our
policy to enceoraga .ovary practical rouio
ci oss lha -Isthmus, Which counecis North
and South America," ail her by.roailroad or
cauab which lha energy nnd enierpiisvof
our citizens may Induce them to complete;
and I consider it obligatory upon ma lo adopt
lhal policy, especially in oonstquence of Ihe
absolute necessity ol facilitating intercourse
with our possessions on the Pucitio. -,
' 'J hi poaitioii of Ihe Sandwich Island, wilh
reference lo lha territory ol the United Slate
on the Pacific; the success of our. persever
tug and benevulun. citizens who have repair
ed lo lhal remote quarter in christianizing
the iiativesaud inducing them lo adopt a sys
tem, ol government and la vv. suited lo llicic
capacity and wants- and Hie-use "made by
our numerous w hale-ships of the harbors of
the islands us places of I csort for obtaining
refreshments and repairs, all combine io ten
ner iheir destiny peculiarliury interesting to
It is our duly lo encourage the authorities
of those' islands in their etiurlslo iinpiuve Ihe
ruuiul and political condition of Iho inhabi
tants; aud we s Lou Id make reusuuble allow
antes Jor the difficulties inseparable liom
this tusk. We desire thul the island may
iiiaiulaiu theil independence, and lhat olher
nations should concur wilh u in this senti
ment. , We could in no event be iudillerent
lo their passing under the dominion of auy
other power. 'Ihe principal commercial
Slates have in this a common interest, and il
is to be hoped lhal no one of them will at
tempt to interpose obstacles lo the entire in
dependence ot the islands.
Ihe receipts into I lie. treasury fur the fiscal
year, ending on the thiiliclh of June last,
were, in cash, t48,830,0U7 5U, ami in Treasu
ry notes luuded, 10.833.01)1), making an ng
uieuale ol e5y,ub:i.0y7 fib, and Ihe e.vnemti-
idics, lor the sumo lime were, in cash, 846,
7118,067 62, and in Treasury notes, funded,
$10,833,0110, inuking an aggregate ol $57,
3l,tMS 82. , , . .
'1 he uucounts and estimates which will be
submitted lo Congress in the report ol the
Secretary 61 ihe Treasury, khow lhal there
will probably be a deficit, occasioned by the
expense ol iho Mexican war and Irealy, on
thu first day of July next, of $5,828, 121 Cb,
aud on the nisi day ol July, 1861, of &I0.547,
092 73, mukliig in llie whole a piubable de
ficit, tu be provided tor, ol 16,37 5,2 14 3D.
The cxliauidiuary expenses ol the war
wiltl Mexico, and the purchase of California
and New Mexico, exceed in amount Ibisdebcit
together wilh llie loans herelulore made lor
lhoe objects. I therefore recommend lhal
aiilhorily bo given lo boi row whatever sum
may be necessary to cover lhat deficit. 1 re
commend Ihe observance of strict economy
in Ihe appropriation and expenditure of the
ublio money.
1 recommend a rcvisiou of ihe existing ta
riff, and its udjustuicut on basis which may
augment Ihe leveiiue. 1 do not doubt the
right or duly ol Congress to encourage do
mestic industry, which is the great son ice of
iiuiionul as well as individual w ealth and pros
perity. 1 look to the wisdom aud patriotism
ol Cuugiess lor iho adoption of u system
which may place home labor at least upon u
sure and permanent looting, ami, by due en
couragement of mniiulucluics, give a new
and increased stimulus to ugiicullure, mid
promote the developeinent of our vasl ie
sources, and Ihe extension of our commerce.
Believing jliul In the uttuiuineiil of these
cuds (as well us the ueccesssary augmenta
tion of the revenue and Ihe prevention of
Irauds) u system ol specific dnlies is best u
dapted. I sliongly lecomtneiid lo Congress
the adoption ot lhal system, fixing Iho duties
HI tales high euuugh to afford substantial, and
sufficient cucouiiigeiiieut to uuruwiijniluslry,
and at llie same liuiu soudjuslcd as to lusoie
slubilily.
The question of the continuance ol Ihe
Sub-Treasury system is respectfully submit
ted 10 ihe ladom ol Congiess. ll cunliuued,
liupuilaiil inoiii.iiiulitins of it appear tu be
indispensable.
For liirihcr details and views of ihe above,
aud other mullets connected Willi commerce,
Ihe finances ami levcnues, 1 leler lo ihe ie
port of Ihe Secretary ol the Treasury.
No ill act aid has been given by the Gene
ral Government tu the improvement of agri
cultural statistics, and lor pome chemical
analyses, which have been, thus tar, paid lor
out ol the patented fund. This aid is, in my
opinion, wholly inadequate. To give tu this
leading branch of Amciican industry the en
couragement which it merits, I respectfully
recommend the establishment of an Agricul
tural Bureau, lo be connected with the De
partment ol ihe Interior. To elevate me so
cial condition of Ihe agriculturist, to -increase
his prospeijiy, and to extend his means of
uselelness tu his country, by multiplying his
sources of information, should be the study
of every statesman, and a primary object
wilh every legislator.
No civil government having been provided
by Congress for Culilornia, the people of the
Territory, impelled by ihe necessities of iheir
political condition, recently met in conven
tion, for the purpose of forming a Constitu
tion and Slate Government, w hich, the liilesl
advices give me reason lo suppose, has been
accomplished; and it is believed ihey will
shortly apply lor the admission of California
into Ihe L'uin, at a Sovereign Slate. Should
such be llie case, aud should their constitu
tion be conformable to the requisitions of the
Constitution of the United f-intes, I recom
mend their application to Ihe favorable con
sideration of emigres. ... i . t . , ., i
The people of New Mexico will also, it is
believed, ul uo very, distant period pivsent
llieinselves ipr admission into ihq.L'iiinn.
Preparatory' to tlie admission of California aud
New Mexico,' the people of pitch will have
hisliluled for themselves a republican form
of government, "laying- its foundations in
such piiucipjesand organizing its power in
such iorro, us lo them shatj seem must likely
to effect iheir satcty and happiness, j, ",. ' ,
By awuiliug ihe'jr action, ail causes of iin
easiuess may be avoided, unil confidence and
kind feeling- preserved. With a 'view of
maintaining iho harmony and tranquility s
dear loeM, we sbould' abstnin fiom'lhe in
liutluctioii of those exciting, Ionic of a see.
tioual chaiacler, w hich Iwvii. jiiiUvrlq pro
doced paiiifnl apprehenskins , in (he (Hiblic
mind; and I repeat the solemn warning of
ihe first ami most illustrious of my predeces
sors, against furnishing "any ground lor char
acterizing parties by "geographical discrimi-naiiouarV-,
(,f,-,i -,. ,!--,n:,( -j.; 4 r
A, cokqior. hns..been appointed: all San
rrancisco," miller the act of Congress exlend
ing the revenue laws over California; and
meaauN's'haVo been taken to oisarlize ih
custom-house at that ami Ihe1 ther ports
mentioned jit that act. at Ihn
tiraoticabla Tha colletr proceedl oven,
laud, and advices have not ei Im luim re
ceived of his nrrivafafari Fiancisi-o. Mean
while, it is niirlerslood lhal the eiislim hnvo
continued to be collecU'd Ihere by officers
acting under ihe military authority, as they
were duruig the adiuinis'iraiion of my prede
cessor, -. ' , . , ....
lit Willi think, be expedient inninUrm i),i
coiieciion inns made, pitd direct lha avails,
iiicr Mien allowances Congress mav think
til to authorize) to bo exjiemled willdu Ihe
Territory, or lo be paid into the1 Treasury;
...o uo ui niet-iMig appronriatMtns tor
l"" "jwinBB n us. rivers ami harbors.
, A paity, engaged pn.ihe coast survey, was
desp.i.tchyd lo Oregon iu Jauuury . last. Ac
toriniig io ine latest advicev ihey had
left California; aud direclions.havo I
given lo Ihsrn, as soon as ihey shall havi
HOI
been
kiiita ri
eu on the sites of the tw o li-'ht-honses and
tha biMivaaalborized in h .i .A i
pWd (tl Cveton, io. proceed r-wilhout dolay
t make recotinoMMHMHia. 0( ihf most imiwr.
taul piuntf oi , jhe. oouat pf Calforaia. and
)t'3l
r.ri
a
vs.1 U
JOURNAL;
for tha licht-house on that coast lha speedy
ereotion of which is urgently demanded by
our rapidly increasing corrrmerco. f T '
i nave irausierretl lh. Indian genf fs
from Upper Missouri and Council Violuff lo
Santa Fe and Salt Lake 'and bate cduaed to
ba appointed sub-agents in the valleys of I be
Ihe Gila, lha Saciamento and SuilJoaqnin
rivers- - Still further legal provisions wilklft
necessary for tha effective and successful ex
tension of our system of Indian intercourse
over the new Territories.
; I recommend ihe establishment of a branch
mint in California, as it will, in' my1 Opinion
afford important .facilities to those engaged in
mining, as well as to the Government in the
diiposilioiyf themiiieial lands.i -f ( r, i -t;
f also" recommend lhat commissions be or
ganized by Congress, to axamine and decide
upon Ihe validity of the present subsisting
land lilies in California and New Mexico;
and that provision be made for Ihe establish
ment of ofljeers of Surveyor General in New
Mexico California and Oregon, and for Ihe
surveying nnd bring into market tbe Public
lands in Ihose Territories. Those lands, re
mote in position and difficult nf access, ought
to be disposed of nn terms liberal to all, but
especially fnvurablo to the carlv' emigrants
lu order thai I be situation and character of
the principal mineral deposited in California
may be ascertained, 1 recommend that a geo
logical and mineralpgical exploration be con
necled with thu linear surveys, and lhat ihe
mineral lands be divided into small lots suita
ble for mining, and be disposed of, by sale
or lease, -so nslo give our citizens all opportu
nily of procuring a permanent t ight of proper
ty in the. soil. This would set in lo be as
important to Ihe success of mining us of agri
c.ullnral pursuits. ' ' '
The great mineral wealth 'of California,
ami the advantages when its ports and har
born, and Ihose of Oregon afford to commerce
especially with the islands of ihe Pacific and
Indian oceans,, and the populous regions. of
Western Asia make it certain that there will
arise, in a few years, large and prosperous
communities on our xvestern coast. It l hero
fore, becomes important lhat a line of com-
mmiM-ation, Ihe best and most expeditions
which ihe nature of ihe country will admit,
should be opened, withi.i Ihe territory of Ihe
United Stales, from navigable waters of the
Atlantic, the Golf of Mexico to the Pacific.
Opinion, as elicited and expressed by two
large and respectable conventions, lately as
sembled at St. Louis and Memphis, points to
a railroad as that which, if practicable, will
best meet Ihe wishes ami wants of ihe conn
try. But while this, if in successful opera
tion, would be n work of great national im
portance, nnd of a value to ihe country w hich
it would be difficult lo estimate, it ought also
to be regarded as an undertaking of vast
magnitude ami expense, and one which must
if it be indeed practicable, encounter many
difficulties in its construction and use.
Therefore, to avoid failure ami disappoint
ment ; to enable congress lo judge xxhelher
in the condition of the country thiongh which
it must pass Ihe work be feasible, anil if it
be found so, w lielher it should be undertake
as a national improvement or left to indivi
dual enterprise; am! in the latter alternative
what aid. if any, ought lo be extended to it
by the Government, I recommend as a pre
liminary measure a careful reconnoissance
of Ihe several proposed routes by a scientific
corps, n ml a report as to the praclicabilitynf
making such a road with nn estimate of Ihe
coast of ils construction nnd support.
For'funher vhwsou these and on other
matters connected with Ihe duties of, the
Home Depailmciit, I refer you lo the report
ol llie secretary ol lliu inteiior. ,
I recommend early appropriations for con
tinning the fiver and harbor Improvement!!
w hich have been already begun, and nlvi for
Ihe construction of those for which estimates
have been made, as well as for examination
anil eslimales piep.uatory to Iho commence
ment of sm-h olheis as Ihe waulsof the conn
try, and especially iho advance of our popula
tion ovei new districts, aud Ihe extension of
commerce, may remlei necessaiy.' An esti
mate of iho amount xx hirh can be nilvauta
geously cipe'idi',1 within lb next fiscal year
under the direction of Iho Uureau of Topo
graphical jMigiuecrs. accompanies the rexrl
ol ihe recrelnry ol Vxar, to winch I respect
fully invite the attention nf Cougjpss.
Thecossion of territory made by the late
treaty wilh Mexico, has greatly extended
our exposed frontier anil rendered its defence
more dilticult. 1 lie t real y has also brought
us under obligations to Mexico, to comply
w ith which a military force is requisite. Bui
our military establishment is not niateiiallv
changed, as lo ils efficiency, from the condi
tion in xvhich it stood before the commence
ment of Ihe Mexienli War. Some addition
lo it will therefore be necessary: anil I re
commend lo the favorable consideration of
Congress nu increase of the several corps of
ine army ni our distant western posts, a pro
posed in the accompanying report of the Sec
retary of War.
Great embarrasmenl hns resulted from the
effect upon tank, in the army, heretofore
given to brevet and staff commissions. The
vjews of ihe Secretary of War on Ihis subject
are deemed important, and it earned into el
feet will, it is believed, promote Ihe harmony
of the service. The plan proposed for reti
ring disabled officers, and providing ah asy
lum for such of the rank and file as from age
wounds, and other infirmities occasioned by
service, have become until to perform their
respective duties, is recommended asa menus
of increasing ihe efficiency of the army, and
as an act of justice, duo fiojn a grateful
country to the faithful soldier. - , ;
' T.he-nceoriipnnyirfg report' of the Secretary
of ihe Navy presents a lull Mill satisfactory
account of Iho condition and operations ol llie
naval service during he ptit year. Onrciii
eus engaged in .iho .leuiliinale : pur sails of
commeice have enjoyed ils benefits. . Where
ever Our lyillouul vessels have gone,' ihey
have been received with respcct,'obr officers
have beeWtrxsnled whll tihdiirW and courle.
ay, jvuxI Ihey have', oh-iill- occasions, pursued
a eoM'se pf niriet neutrality, in accordance
with ihe policy tii our Government.- -. . ;
..The imvnl force at present in commission is
as large us is admissible, wilh the number' of
men authorized by Conyrese lo be employed
I invite your attention tolh recommenda
tion of ihe Secretary of Ihe Navy on the sub
ject of a reorganization ol the 'Navy, in its
various giades of officers, and ihe establish
ing a retired list for suqh of Ihe officers ,as
are disqualified for active, and efleolive ser
vice. Should , Congress adopt 'some such
measure as is recommended, it will greatly'
increase ine emriency oi ine ravy,-and :re-'
iniuc in enprnilliures. i -i.i - nun ..in
. iaJso ask our attention to llie! views ex.
piessed by him in reference to. Ihe employ
meiil of war-steamers, and in , regard to the
con I rails for the transportation of Ihe, United
Stales' mails, ami the operation nf ihe sys
tem npon the prosperity of ihe Navy.
By nn act of Congress' passed Angus' 14,'
1848, provision was made lor extending po.'
office ami mail nocummodations to ' Califor
nia and Oregon. Exeilione have be mi rmde
to execute the Ja,w but Ihn limited provisions
nf ihe, ac, tbe in adaptation of our.poa'.-otlioe
laws to Ihe situation, of that country, nd tbe
measure of compensation for service 'allowed
by those '!a(vs, compared w;h the "prices of
labour ami refit in California, render those
exertion In a prenl degree, ineffectual Mom
particular nnd efficient provision by ikir it
required on, this anbjecl. . , ,,.
.The Ac of 1845,( ,reducin3 postage! has
now, by lis operation fforing four vea.rs, pro
dueeil tosiiits fully showing thai tKe income
from 'atn'h" rednreil' postage is sufficient lb
smtain 'ihe-whole expense of fhelsKrvie ef
Ihe. Pud .CHTko, O'-pttrliBs'atJ eat iiurtudiiig ,
ihe tsansnofiaiion in tad- sleinBfPO shij
ine trout (vw i ortt ,lo Chsgres, and (mm J
Panama to,A''jh, ,wfct W",, -jWJ
li ,-o4 , j inll r .ft.'i'srxH
i ct ii M ,.;. oi I C.'.'. fllttf JJ ?f
consiilered by Congresses properly belo'noing
to Ihe mail service.
trisTMlfcmiited I rnhrwie,loifi of jrgrevl
wnriuer a lunner reouteon Ot post M should
not now (be made jpor Trliculrl an the
lettpr crr-spondenCT. i, This sheald ie re.1
lieved fri the friostteurlhen?jf transport
InglsndrleliTerK i llilfrankei matter of
CongtMy for whicfryMie service prevision
should be made from the treasury. I conn,
dently believe that a change may safely be
made, reducing an single-letter postage lo
Ihei antfoftn (rtxtf of fiy( dcrifi ( (effirdl
ofdisiahc, wlihOift 'thereby imposing hny
grcaiftHei flnine.iteaenfy.iaea. wale
lute a Very moderate compensation for this
public" servitrr, nnd t hhereforef rpect fully
recommenu sucn a renuciiun.
Should Congress prefer toabolish Ihe frank.
ing privilege entirely, it seems probable lhat
no demand on Ihe Treasury would result
irom the reduction of. postage.,. Whether any
further diminution should now be made, of
Ihe result of the Wuet ion. 1o. Jive tents,
w hich I have recommended, should bo Gist
tested, is submitted to your decision.
cmice ine commencement o( Ine last ses
sion of Congress, a Postal treaty with Great
Britain has been received and ratified, and
such legulaliotu have been formed by the
Post Olfice Departments of the two countries,
in pursuance of lhat treaty, as to carry its
provisions into full operation. The attempt
to extend this same arrangement, through
England, to France, has not been equally suc
cessful ; but Ihe purpose bas not been aban
doned. .
For n particular statement of the condition
of Ihe Post Office Department, and other mat
ters connected wilh lhat branch of the public
service, 1 refer you to the report of the Post
master General. -,, . i -. . i - . .-: ,.- i
By,lheact vfih0 3d of March, 1849, aBoard
was constituted to make, arrangements for
inking Ihe seventh census, composed of Ihe
Secreiaiy of Stale, Ihe Attorney General, and
the Poslmasler General; and it was made
Ihe duty of this Board "lo prepare and cause
to be printed such forms ami schedules as
might be necessary for the full - enumeration
of the iidisbiinnts ol Ihe United States; and
also proper forms and schedules for collecting
in statistical tables, under proper heads, such
information as lo mines, agiicullure, com
merce, manufactures,- education, and olher
topics, as would exhibit, a full view of the
pursuits, industry, education, and resources
of the country." '
The duties enjoined upon the Census Board
th." established having been performed, il
now rests wilh Congress to enact a law for car
rying into effect the provision of the Consti
tution which requires an actual enumeration
of the people of tho United Slates within Ihe
ensuing year. '
Among the duties nssigned by the Constitu
tion lo ihe General Government is one of lo
cal and limited application, but not, on that
account, the less obligatory ; I allude to the
liusl committed to Congress, as ihe exclusive
legislature and sole guardian of the interests
of ihe District of Columbia. I besj to com
mend Ihesn interests to your kind' attention.
As Ihe National metropolis, theciiy of Wash
iugton must be nn object of general Inleres't ;
and, founded as it was under the auspices of
him w hose immortal name il beais, ils claims
lo the fostering rare nf Congress present
themselves with additional strength. What
ever can contribute to ils prosperity must en
list the feelings of ils Constitutional gnaidians
and commend Iheir favorable consideration.
Onr government is one of limited powers,
nnd its successfnl administration eminently
depends on the confinement of each of its eo
onijnale branches within ils own appropriate
sphere. Tha first section of the. Constitution
ordains Ihnt. '-all legislative ' piwers therein
granted shall be vested in a Congress of the
Untpd Slates, xvhich shall consist r.f Senate
and House of Representatives.'1 The Exe
cutive has authority io recommend (not lo
dictate) mcasmcslo Congress.
Having pcifor-ried that duly, the Executive
depnitmcut of'lhe Government cannot right
fully control the decision of Congress on anv
subject of legislalinii, until that derision shall
have been officially submitted lo the Presi.
denl for nppioval. ' The check provided by
Ihe Constitution, in the clause conferring the
qualified veto, will never be exercised by
me, except in Ihe cases contemplated by the
fathers of the republic. '. I view it as an ex
treme measure, to be resorted to only in ei-'
traordinary cases as where it may become
necessary lo defend Iho executive against
Ihe encroachments of the: legislative power,
qr lo prevent hasty ami inconsiderate or un
constitutional legislation. , ...
By cantioiisly confining this remedy ' with
in the sphere prescribed to it in therotempo
raiieoiiaexnositions of ihe framers of the Con
stitution, the will nf the people, legitimately
expressed on all subjeclsof legislation, through
their constitutional organs, the Senators and
Representatives of Ihe United Stales w ill have
ils full effect. As indispensable to the. pre
servation of our system of self-government,'
ihe independence of the Representatives of
Ihe Slates ami people is guarantied by Ihe
Const it Gl ion; and Ihey owe no lespnnsibilily
to any .human powei 'but : their constilueiJs.
. By holding the Representative responsible
only to Ihi people, and. exempting him from
all other influences, wo elevate the charac
ter of the constituent and quicken his sense'
of responsibility-to. hi country, ft is under
these circiimsianerieslv lhat ihe elector can
feel lhat, in the cbnice of ihe law-maker, he
is himself, truly, component parts of Ihe
sovereign xr of Ihe iiaiion. Wilh equal
care xve should study lo defend the right of.
lha executive and judicial departments. Qur
Government can only be preserved in its pu.
rity by tin suppression and entire elimination
of every claim 'or leniioney of one co-ordinate
branch io; -encroni'iimenf upon another. . ': i
.,Wjih the strict observance of this rule and
Ihe olher injunctions of '. t he. Consul ulKni-
iui rx-iiuion iiiciucaiion oi inai respect
and love for ihe Union of ihe Slates, which
our fathers cherished ' and enjoined upon
their children, and with Ihe aid of that over,
ruling Providence which ha so Innar and so
kindly guarded oui liberties aud instMulion,
xve may reasonably expect to liaosmit l hem.
wjth their innumerable blessings lo tbe re-tnotest-posterity.
"' , '" ''
' But attachment- tcrtha' Pninh'h'fKa fiii-
should -be habtiuany fcislered in every- A me.
rican heart, i For more lha half a CMiiarr.
during which, kingdom and. empire! have
f .ilu.. il.;. t..:.. l. , i . ,
- vinvunx-piwi- juanitBpa i 4ne
Patriots . who. formed .'il . have laiur aim
.Uu..'...l...l .1 Tl' 'l ..-11 .,","T
.T' T'I- - 7 'mwv 1 ""' H remain.
IhC proodeil mdnunienl to Iheir memqry1, am
ihe object' of afleellwT'anrt admiration with
every oner' worthy 'te bear the Amrcae
iiaiuo. ,; . c ,'r. I - lit- ..-).)-. t irtf i.J H-)
. lu, my, judgment it dissolution would lie
ine ffreatesl ol mlamiliiu. ml in ilui
should be llie rttuly of every American. Up.
on it preseivatiun must denend our own hap
piness and that of counties generations to
come.11 Whatever dauber may threaten it,
i snau staiiu by H and mamiain il in it hi.
legrity, to ihe full extent of ihe obligation
imposed, aud the power conferred upon me
cy inecmuiluliun.. . A. lAiLUIt,,,;
. Washinuton, DecmbtT ill 1849. j.; ,
T - r! - .' " ' - 7,-Jll-V
MBKIED,
In ihi p!er, en Tuesday last, by the Rev.
B. W, MomK Mr. Dvxcsa C CtursuL, lo
Miss N'ANcr, few st, both of Hmdj lowuship,
1 riiilailelphia, by the Bev. Mr, Colclnarr,
Dc Rs P, Cote, io Mi Evoia,A-BojjJAr.
... k.:.i:.r ti.:io.i.i..l,:. -
; biko .i
i 'Tri WiltJeweprse rmiihe taa itaateJOSCPlI
ANTJIONV CAMPBCLLy ton. .if, Jefan nd
bubiJA CwipWrl, Hmi J jrra jramh
ifsd yrfl ti a .nsnsiik-j Mil diui u
; d! ci ti!ui.'ic e "jirlt-i'n-.-j rs it'ts
THE AHEPsICAIT,
slJATVI?afc,CfiilUBfc.i
tt. U. MAIMER, E4ltor mmi TnrtUtm.
ttxroit-a table.
lii 1l,(urti ftmtle. '
6HM LeeVe Bei ! Tars Aeterne
Those.of.eur reader wh WonU like to eahatribe
fur this elegant monthly periodical, ran now Vo
at a very small cost. The ladv'a nuns: ' mlu
- j r
Itshed at $3 per eimom, but as an rodawiaent,
which we are enanfej lo hold out liy means of ad
arrangrmeiit with the puMisherv w will fanissj
me Lady Book and tbe Kunbury American, omt
year for $g,6 rash in advance, to those wke mj
wish to nibacribe. --....
T Deat at or nn Rsv. Job Wmtr.
Thi large sed magnificent Metxotinto Eitcrm
vihe is offered aa a Premium to anv torn nnlu
ting $3 in advance, for one years mtWription to
tiixley s Lady s Book, tlie leading msvnin f
Amcricai. . j. . . . - . t , -$,
V. B. Pitvra's Brsir. Ms Aiaiirjrs.
We have tacaived fi-wdoi'a at dvesr Alma
nacs for tlie purpose of supplying our frirmla with
a little work contaiuinf a vast araoant of matter
at a liule e i pci isc.. It rouuin a . larsje snoent
of facts and statisral information, and is extreasrly
useful for daily reference, and would form, in or.
dinary type, a book of several hundred page
Pric 13 cu. per coiy. ' '' ' " ;
Tas Amtu Law Jaraastr The Decem
ber number of this Journal, amen; a nim of use.
ful and instructive matter, contains an eUWate
and able vindication of the Supreme Court in lh
case of HV v leidcllry,'m ; reply te the oW
turrs of a correspondent. V Tlie' Jotaruil ii pul
lished by H. meruit t Ce. Jmsielrr, anJ T. B.
Peterson, Philadelphia. li;Jltif
"Tin Cjimxii'i t)VrsTta is the tide of Aa
interesting novel by McKeuxi Daoiel, ' peMnheJ,
by lng k Brother, New York. We have aot
read it, but find it favorably noticed by the London
Press. - ...
BcrrALoa Robes. tt will be seen by an Ad
vertisement in our columns that onr young- friend
Charles S. Bogar lias relumed from the West,
with l.irj;e assortment of Buffalo robe, which
are oA'srcd for sair at the stare of John W.Frflin;.
Now ia the time for old folka and young g-aluutta,
to supply Ibcmaclvea w ith thia needful acrompa
nimetit to good aleiiiing, , . ,
tt- """""mssw nea "
C70r(:a.mztio! or Cocress. On 5a
Inrday lal the House was organized by ihe
election of Howell Cobb, of Georpia, the
democratic nominee, Speaker, by a plurality
vote. 4 On the sixfy-lhinl ballot the vote stood
for Cobb J02; AVinlhrop- 100: Wihnot ;
y.lv.H. o.., , s..f
m tIHET' MEMAGL.
'Our readers will finrj in oor columns this
week the long delayed . mes&ige of Gen.
Taylor. It has ouV trait characteristic' of
its author, and one lhat has no little merit
in the eyes of editors and printers its bred
xHy."1 The message occupie only about
one IhirJ the space usually ocenpied by the
messages of our late Presidenfa,- In its tone
the message is conciliatory, and its recom
mendations will meet wilh general appro
' The views of Gen. Taylor on ihe tariff-are
decided, plain and unequivocal, aoal
will meet wilh Ihe approbation of a large
majority of all reflecting and intelligent '
minds democrat as well as Whigs, in this'
section, of Pennsylvania. He is in favor of
specific duties so adjusted as to ensure sta
bility, and ays in regard to the tariff: ' .
"I recommend a revision of Iheexistingta '
rid aud its adjustment on a basis which may
aucment the revenue. I do 'not doubt the
riyht or duty of Coiisjiewi, to encourage do
mestic industry, which is Ihe ereat eouree of
national a well a individual wealth ami
prosperity. , I look tpthe wisdom and patriot
ism, of Conercts for tho adoption of a system.
w hich may place home labor at least oil a'
, sure and pennanrut footing, and by due en
j coiiraemeut of manofaclures, pive a, new.
j and increased rtimulus lo. agriculture," and
; promote Ihe development of our vast resour
J cea and the enpHeaiu ofuRwewwaeree -,
A mixed system oTfpecific suu) ' ad-valo.
j rem duties will, in our opinion, alone pre-.
j. vent the frauds and unequal operations of
j the tarifH The reduclion of posage iialao
properly recommended. . The SuiTreaMU.
! ry be leaves entirely fo Congress. His views
jot. the veto power are the same aahere-'
. lofore expressed in his let I era before bia
election. As a. literary performance Il will
probably not equal the expectation of those
hftoniraA nVeiSirisf
graceful stvloof bis despatches. .? r
' - 1 i. i.; i' : -. i
B1Tieefof''li Mmerican,i
tenders' hi omplJroeuts of. the aeascia 4e
it reedeee, -and reeoest u to say (hat fce'
wi.lf e'iver fcii' ., nnuai,' message on
Year's dayv-r-i-f-'A oa a. i...
mr We Jr hnder man obligation to"
the Hon. Joseph Casey tor', bis umeroipa
favors from Washington.
07" The Cor. Tt aoe iron t the jShanso
kin Mines for (his season ap to Decrmbet
21, amounts to 19,659 ton.' About 1000
tons more will be added for consamptiosj
and sale'et this plawf Wr.ReobeBTefely ,
informs us that next year they expect to
ship upward ot 30.000 totWri
OT" We call the attention of onr reader
lo the coniinualion pf n iaiere(ing narra
tive or tneoMcoeery nnt arreat of tbe au
thor of the Torpedo box, an jnlernal roa
ch in r, that came near destroy ine tbe fiuxulr .
of MWarr id, N-, Yost. :,TW aiUor
I Mr. Wilkea'of tfie Mice Gaiette.
,T i i-.''' a ,-M ii . j.ar
Ti TWt'lni.' pTace'-vrVi cttjed
on MondaVTriuihf ' Tne xveAirwaa ,V1
bttl km 4KHkrtM4
Moai A o iUbftv 4 ii.ai ,A.S-'' o's
MI ,T a tf-y-