their own reward. Thousanee of matrons and thou
arias of maidens have experienced a delight in these
er reedy toils and services, compared wish which the
I I,,seures of the hall-room and the opera-hones are
tame and unsatisfactory. This en cent' is reward
enough; but a richer is ia store for them. Yes,
blethers, meters of charity, while you hind up the
wounds of the poor sulterere—the humblest, per
haps, that have shed their blood foe the country,
lorget not who it is that will hereafter say to you,
"Inasmuch as ye have done It onto one of the Tenet
of these My brethren, ye have done it unto me."
Antrnow, friends, fellow-citizens, as we stand
among these honored graves, the momentous ques
tion presents itself, which of the two parties to the
war Is responsible for all this suffering,—for this
dreadful sacrifice of life—the lawful and constitu
doper flovernment of the (Jetted Staters, or the
ambitious tram] who have rebelled against it t
I say "rebelled" against it, although Earl Russell,
the British Secretary of tate - for Foreign Affairs,
3n his recent temperate and conciliatory speech in
Scotland, seems to intimate that no prejudice ought
to attach to that woAl, Inasmuch as our English
forefathers rebelled a lust Charles I and James 11,
and our American fathers rebelled against George
111. These certainly are venerable precedents ;
hut they reeve only that it is 'lint and prooor to rebel
eerier:at oepreesive governments. ('hey do not
prove that it was just and proper for the son of
.Tate , p 11 to rebel against (}porn T. or his grand
son Charles Edward to rebel against George 11. ;
nor, as it seems tome, ought these dynastic; strug
gles, little better than femlly quarrels, to be com-
pared with this monstrous conspiracy against the
AmericareUnion. These precedents do not prove
that it was just and proper for the "disappointed
great men" of the cotton•growing States to rebel
against "the most beneficent Government of which
history gives us any account," as the Viee President
of the Confederacy, in November, 1860, charged
them with doing. They do not create a presumption
even in favor of the disloyal slaveholdera of the
South, who, living under a Government of which
Mr. Jefferson Davie, in the session -of 1.86461, said
that it .was " the best Government ever instituted
by man, unexceptionably administered, and under
which the people have been prosperous beyond com
parison with any other p eople whose career has
been recorded in history, "rebelled against it, be
cause inch' etprirug politimaue hinmelf among the
eat, were in danger of losing their monopoly of its
oilloes. What would have been thought by an im
partial posterity of the Americeu rebellion against
George 111, if the colonists had -at all times been
more than equally represented in Paritatuent, and
Jellies Otis and Patrick Henry, nod Washington,
and Franklin, mei the Menies, and Hancock, end
Jefferson, and men of their stamp, had for two gene
rationa enjoyed the confidence of the sovereign
and administered the_ government of the . Empire'?
What Would have - been thought of the rebellion
against Charles I, if Cromwell, arid tile-then of his
school' heel been the responsible advisers of that
Prince trona 'his accession to the throne, and then,
on account of a partied change in the Ministry,
brought hie head to the block, and involved the
country in a desolating war? What would have
been thought of the Whigs of 1685 if they had them
selves composed the Cabinet of ismer , IC, and been
the advisers of the measures and the promoters of
the policy which drove him into exile? The Puri
tans of 1640 and the Whigs of 1688 rebelled against
arbitrary tiotver in order to establish constitutional
liberty. If they had risen against Charles and
James, because those monarchs favored equal rights,
and in order theineelves, for the first time in the
history of the world," "to establish an oligarchy"
"founded on the cornerstone of slavery," they would
truly have furnished a precedent for the rebels of the
South ; but their cause would not have been sus
tained by the eloquence of Pym or or Somers, nor
sealed with the blond of Hampden or Russell,
I call the war which the Confederates are waging
against the-Union a "rebellion," because it is one.
and in pave matters it is best to CAil things by their
right newer. The Constitution of the United States
- puts "rebellion" on a par with "invasion.' The
Constitution and law not only of England, but of
every civilized country, regard them in the same
light; or rather they regard the rebel in arms as far
worse then the alien enemy. To levy war against
the United states is the constitutional detinition of
treason, and that crime is, by everyeivllized govern
ment, e evaded as the highest which citizen or sub
ject can commit. Not content with the sanctions
of human justice, of all the crimes against the law
of the land it is singled out for the denunciations of
religion. Tbe Litanies of every church in Christen
- dom, as far as I am aware, from the Metropolitan
Cathedrals of Eurape to the humblest Missionary
- Chapel in the islands of the sea, concur with the
Church of 'England, in imploring the Sovereign Of .
the Teniverse. by the most awful adjurations which
the heart of man can conceive or hie tongue utter,
to deliver us from "sedition, privy conspiracy, end
rebellion." And reason good; for while a rebellion
against tyranny, a rebellion designed. after pros
trating arbitrary power, - to establish free govern
ment on the basis of justice and truth, is an enter
prise on which good men and angels may look with
complacency, animprovoked rebellion of ambitious
men against a beneficent government, for the pur
pose—the avowed purpose—of establishing', extend
ing, and perpetuating aol form of injustice and
wrong, ie an imitation on earth of that first foul re
volt of "the Infernal Serpent," which emptied
heaven of one-third part of its sons.
Lord Barren, "in the true marshalling of the SO ,
vet elan degrees of honor." asergne the first place to
"the Condderes Impel-forum, founders of elates and
Cemmonweeltes," and truly to build up from the
discordant elements of our nature ; the peacetime the
interests, and the opinions of the individual man;
She rivelriee of family, clan, and tribe; the influ
ences of climate; the accidents of peace and war ma
eirnitilated for ages—to build up from these often
times..warring elements, a- well-compacted, pros
perous, and powerful State, if it were to be &acorn
. plialied by one effort, or in one generation, would re
quire .a More than mortal skill. To contribute in
some notable degree to this the greatest workl of
men, by Wise and patriotic counsel in peace, and
. loyal heroism in war, is as high as human merit can
well, rise, and far more than_ to any. of .those to ,
whom Bacon assigns this highest place of hoiior—
Romulus Cyrtis, Caesar , Ottoman, Ismael-is it due
to our Washington, as the founder of the American
Union. : But if to achieve or help to achieve this
greatest work of manta wisdom - and virtue gives
title to a place among the chiefbenefectors, rightful
- heirs of the benedictions of mankind, by equal rea
son ehall the bold bad men who seek to undo the
noble work, Eversores Imperiotura, destroyers of
States,,who, for base and selfish ends, rebel against
beneficent governments, seek to overthrow wise
Cul , b{ltUtlt93l , , lay powerful republican Unions at
the loot - of foreign thrones, bring ou civil and fo
reign war, anarchy at home, dictation aoroad, deso
lation, ruin—by equal reason, I Gay, yes, a thousand
fold stronger, shalt they inherit the exeerations of the
' sees.
But to bide the deformity of the crime under the
cloak of that sophistry which mekea the worse ap
pear the better reason, we are told by the leadere of
the rebellion, that in our complex system of govern•
.maut, the separate States are "sovereig n," and that
'ettieeientral power Is only an !'agency ' ,established
by these sovereigns to manage certain affeirsewhich
they )could not so conveniently adminiater them
selvde. It happens, unfortunately for.this theory,
that the Federal Consiitearion, e which had been
adopted bythe people of every State of the Union,
as much as their own State Constitutions have been
adoptee, and is. declared to be paramount to • them),
ne eveme zeicignizee the States as "sovereigns," in
fact tbat,lby their names, it does not recognize them
at all; while the authority established oy that in•
strument is recognized, in its text, not as an "agen
cy," but as "the Government of the United Stiles "
By that Constitution, moreover, which purports in
its preamble, to he °rammed and establiatied by " the
People of the .United States," it ie expressly pro
vided, "that the members of the State Legislatures,
and all the executive officers, shall.be bound by oath
or eflirination to support the ConstitutiOn.” Now,
it is common thing, under all governments, for an
agent to be bound by oath to he faithful to hie cove
reign; but I never heard before 'of sovereigns being
bound by oath to be faithful to their agency. -
Certainly, I do not deny that the separate Statee
are clothed with sovereign powers for the admini•
ideation of local affairs. It is one of the most beau
tiful features of our mixed 'system , of government,
but it is equally true that in adopting the Federal
Constitution, the States abdicated, by express re
reineiation, all the most hirpOrtant functions of na-
Atonal soremigaty, and by one comprehensive self
denying clause gave up all right to contravene the
Constitution of the UniZeti States. Specifically, and
by enumeration, they - renounced all. the most im
portant prerogatives of indepeedent Suites,,:.for
-peace and for war; the right to keep troops or ships
of war in timeeif-Peace, or to eugage in war unless
actually inyeded; to -
enter into compact with ano
ther State or foreign Power ; to lay any duty on ton
nage, or any impost on exports - or imports, without
the consent of Congress; to enter into any treaty,
alliance, or confederation ; to grant letterset marque
and reprisal, and to emit hills of credit; white all
these powers, and many others, are expressly vested
in the General Government. To_aseribe political
communities, thus limited in theirjariediotion—who
cannot even establish,: a; pint , office on their-•own
soil—the character of inde,petetient sovereignty; and
to - r aeduce ,eational•organization, clothed with .all
the teanecendent powers of government, to the name
- and-condition of an " agency" of the. States, proves
nothingibut that the logic of secession is on a par
withsits loyalty and patriotism.
011ebut "the reserved lights I" And what of the
reservede rightsi The tenth amendment of the Con
stitution supposed to prow rile for "reserved right's"
is constantly misquoted. Be that amendinent e " the
powers not delegated to the United States or profit: .I
Wed by itto,the States, are reserved to, the States -
leapt elicit; or to the People." The "powers" re
served must ef course be such as could have been
but-were not delegated to the States; could have
been bit were not prohibited to the Staters; but to
speak of the right of an individual State to secede,
as ape:vet- that could have been though it was not
&i.-e.ted to the United States is simple nonsense" '
But, waving this obvious absurdity, own need - a
MUMS argument to prove that there can be no
State - right to ;enter into a newoonfederatton, re
served under a Constitution, which expressly pro- '
Whits a State" to enter into any treaty,. alliance or
confede e ation," or any "agreementor compact with
another State or a foreign Power('
,' To say that the
Stietemisweby enacting - the preliminary farce of se
cession, acquire - the right to do the prohibited
thing& ; to say, for instance, that though tne States,
in forming the Constitution, delegated to the United
States and prohibitecteeer them, elves the power of
declaring war, thereewers by implication reserved to
each State the right or seceding and then declaring
war'; that though they expressly prohibited to the
State's, and delegated to the United States the entire
treaty-making 'power e they reserved by implicetion,
for an'exireess reservation is not pretended, to the
individual-States, lib Florida, for instance, the ri g ht
toaecede and then to, make ae treaty with Spain, re
tro-ceding that Spanieherolony,. and thus surreinter
ing to a foreign Power the key to the Gulf of Meiele'
co; to maintain propositions like these, with what:
ever affected seriousness it is ,done, appeals to me
egregious trifling,
Pardon me, my friends, for dwelling on these
wretched sophistries. But it isthese which conduct
ed the armed hosts of rebellion "toy our demi on the
- temple and gloribue days of July, and which have
-brought upon the whole lano the scourge of an - ag
gressive.and.wicked war—a War which can have no
other termination compatible with the permenent
safety tied-welfare of the country' but the complete
destruction of the military power of the enemy. I
have, on other oariaaloneeatternpted to show thet to
yield to bin demands . and acknowledge his inde
pendence, thoinesolying the Colon at once into two
hoitile o;:meaty, with a certainty of 'further dia.
intigrethinwould annihilate the strength and the
' influence of the country as a member of the family
of nations; afford to foreign Powera the opportunity
' and the temptation for disastrous and humiliating
interference in our affairs ;-wrest from' the Middle
and Western Stetes Some of their kreat natural oet
lets to the sea, and of their most, impoftaert hem of
internal• communication; deprive the Commerce and
navigation of the country of two thirds of our sea
coast and of the -fortresses which protect it; not
only so,hut would enable each individual State,.
some of them with a white population equal to a
geed-elzed Northern county—or rather the dominant
,piety in each State—to cede its territory, its liar
bora, its fortresses, the mouths of its rivers, to any
foreign Polder. It cannot be that the people of the
loyal States—that twenty-two millions of brave and
prosperous freemenwill, for the temptation of a
brief truce in an enternal border war, consent to this
hideoue national
Do not think that I exaggerate the consequences
of 'yielding to the demands of the leaders of the re,
belhon. I - understate them. They r. spire of
not only all the s.crifices I have named, not only to
cede to them—a foreign and hostile Power—all the
territory of the United. States at present occupied
by.the rebel forces, but the abandonment to them
of the vast regions we have rescued from their
grasp—of Maryland, of a pelt of Eastern Virginia
and the whole of Western Virginia, the sea-coast
of North and South Carolina ; Kentucky, Tennes
see and Missouri; Arkansas, and the larger portion
of Mississippi and Louisiana, in most of whichi
With the exoception of lawless guerillas, there is
not a rebel in arms ; in all of which the great ma
jority of the people are loyal to the, Union. We
must, give back, too, the helpless colored popu
lation thousands of whom are periling their
livesin the ranks - of our armies, to a bon
dage retdered tenfold more bltler, by the mo
mentary enjoyment of freedom. Finally, we
must surrender every man in the Southern country,
white or black, who has moved a finger or spoken a
word for the restoration rt the Union, to a reign of
terror as remorseless as that of Robespierre, which
has been the chief instrument by which the rebellion
has been organized and sustained, and has already
tilled the ,prisons of the South with noble men,
whose only crime la that they are not traitors. The
SOuth is full of such men. Ido not believe there
has been a day since the election of President Lin.'
coin, when, if an ordinance of secession °mild have
been fairly submitted' o the mass of the :people, in
any single Southern State, • a ,Majoeity ?if ballots
would have been given. in its favor. No, not in
eo u th.crirta l a. I. not possible that the majority
,of ;the people, even'of that State 'if permitted, With
but fear or favor, to give a ballot nu the question,
WORM bare abandoned a /eader like - Patera arel
all the memories of the Gadadens, the Ituttedges,
and the Cotesworth Pinekneys, of the revolutionary
and constitutional age, to follow the agitators of the
present day.
Nor must we be deterred from the vigorous prose
cution of the war, by the Suggestion continually
thrown out by the rebels and those who sympathize
with them, that, however it might have been ateta
earlier stage, there has been engendered by the
operations of the war a state of exasperation and
bitterness which, independent of all reference to the
original nature of the matters in controversy, will
forever prevent the restoration of the Union,and
the return of harmony between the two great see•
floes of the country. This opinion I take to be en
tirely without foundation.
No man can deplore more than I do the miseries
of every kind, unavoidably incident to war. Who
could stand on this spat and esti to mind the scenes
of the 1-3 of July with atty'otticr feeling? A. Bed
tot eboding of what would ensue, if war should break
out between North and South, has haunted me
through life, and led me perhaps too long to tread in
the path of hopeless compromise, in the fond endea
vor to conciliate those who were pre-determined not
to be conciliated. lint it is not true, as is pretended
by the rebels and their sympathizers, that the war
has been carried on by the United State; without
entire regard to those temperaments which are en- ,
joined by the law of nations, by our modern civiliz is
tion, and by the spirit of Christianity. It would
be quite easy to point out, in the recent,militery
history of the leading European Powers, acts of
violence and cruelty, in the prosecution of their
wars, to which no parallel can be found among us.
In fact, when we consider the peculiar bitteraeaa
with which civil ware are almost invariably waged,
we may justly boast of the manner in which the
United States have carried on the contest. It is, of
course, impossible to prevent the lawless wits of
atragglers and deserters, or the 000nsienel unwar
rantable proceedings of subordinates on distant sta
tions ; but I do not believe there is. in all history, the
record of a civil war of such gigantic dimensions,
where so little has been done in the spirit of vindic
tiveness as in this war, by the Government and
commanders of the United States; and this notwith
standing the provocation given by the rebel govern
ment by assuming the responsibilities of wren:hos
like Quantrell, refusing quarter to colored troops,
and scourging and selling into slavery free colored
men from the North, who fall into their hands, ere
Venlig theses with pirates, and starving prisoners
of war to death.
In the next place, if there are any present who be
lieve that, in addition to the effect of the military
operations of the war, the confiscation acts, and
emancipation proclamations have embittered the
rebels beyond the possibility of reconciliation, I
would request them to reflect that the tone of the
rebel leaders and rebel press was just as bitter in the
first months of the war, nay, before a gun was tired,
as it is now. There were speeches made la Congress ,
in the very last session before the rebellion, so fero-
Moue as to show that their authors- were under the
influence of a real frenzy. At the Present day, if
there is any discrimination made be the Confederete
press in the affected acorn, hatred, - and contumely,
with which every shade of opinion and sentiment in
the loyal States is treated, the bitterest contempt is
bestowed upon those at the North, who still speak
the language of compromise, and ,whit condemn
those measures of the Administration which are al
leged to have rendered the return of pease hopeless.
No, my friends, that gracious Providence which.
overrules all things for the best, from seeming evil
still educing good, has so constituted our natures
that the violent excitement of the passions in one
direction is' generally followed by a reaction in an
opposite direction, and the sooner for the violence.
If it were not so, if anger, produced abiding anger,
if hatred canted undying hatred, if,injuries inflicted
And retaliated of necessity led to new retallatione,
with forevene.ccumelatieg compound interest of re
venge, then the world, thousande of years ago,
would have been turned Into an earthly hell, and
the nations of the earth would have been resolved
into clans of furies and demons, each forever
warring with his neighbor. But i't is not so ;
all history teaches it different lesson. The warn of
the Roses in England lasted an entire generation,
from the battle of St. Albans, - in 1418, to that
of Bosworth Field, in 1435, Speaking of the
former, Hume says : " This was the first blood split
in that fatal quarrel which was riot finished tu
less than a course of thirty years ; which was sig
nalized by twelve pitched battles; which opened a
scene of extraordinary fierceness and cruelty ; is
computed to have cost the lives of eighty princes of '
the blood, and almost entirely annihilated the ancient
nobility of England. The strong attachments which,
at that time, men of the saute kindred bore to each
other, and the vindictive spirit which was considered
a point of honor, rendered the great families I mpla.
'cable in their resentments, and widened every mo
ment the breach between the parties.". Such was
the state of things in England, under which are en
tire generation grew up; but when Henry VII in
whom the titles of the two houses were united,
went up to London after the battle of Bosworth
Field, to mount tee throne, he was everywhere re
ceived with joyous acalemetions, "as one ordeined
and sent from Heaven to pie - . an end to the (linen
, stone" which had so-long afflicted the country.'
The great rebellion in England of the aerenteenth
century, alter long and angry premonitions, may be
said to have begun with the calling of the Long Par
liament in 1640, and to have ended with the return
of Charles H, in 1660—twenty years of discord, con
flict, and civil war; of confiscation, plunder,
havoc;
a proud hereditary peerage trampled in thedust ; a
national chinch overturned, its clergy beggared, its
most eminent prelate put to death ; a military despo
!ism. established Oh the ruins of a monarchy which
had subsisted seven hundred years, and the legiti
mate sovereign - brought to the block ; the great
families which adhered to the king prpscrihed, im
poverished, ruined ; prisoners of Wee sold tit slavery'
in the West Ladies-1h a word, everything that can
embitter and madden contending factions. Such was
the state of tbinv for twenty emirs, and yet, by no i
gentle transition, ut suddenly and "when the restore-
tion of affairs appeared most hopeless," the son of the
beheaded sovereign waebroirght hack to hie father's
bloodaitained throne, with such "t' unexpressible and
I universal joy" as led the filerry Monarch to exclaim
"he doubted ith'adbeen his own fault he had "been
: absent so long, for he 'saw nobody who did'not ins>
test he had ever wished for
- his return." "In this
wonderful manner," says Clarendon, " and with
this incredible expsditiore s did God put an end' to ei
rebellion that had raged near twenty years, seed losd
been carried on with all the horrid circumstances
i of murder, devastation, and parricide, that tire and
sword, in the bands of the most wicked men in the
world—[it is a royalist that is speaking]—could
he instruments of, almost to the desolation of two
kingdoms,' and the exceeding defacing and deforming
,
of the third. By these remarkable steps did the
merciful hand of God, in this short space of time,
not only bind up and heal all those wouuds, tilt even
made the scar as undiecernible as, in respect of the
) deepness, was possible, which was a glorious wide
! Lion to the deliverance,"
, In Gerniany, the wars of the Reformaiitn and of
1
Charles V. in the kith century, the thirty-years war
in the 17th century, the severs-years war in the 18th
century, not to speak of other lees celebrated con
tests, entailed upon that country all the miseries of
intestine strife for more than three centuries. At
the close of the lastnamed war, " fen officer," says
Atehenholz, "rode through seven villages ia Hesse,
and found in them but one human being." More
than three hundred principalitaes, comprehended in
the Empire, fermented with the fierce passions of
proud and petty States. At the commencement of 1
this period the castles of robber Counts frowned
upon every hill-top; a dreadful secret tribunal froze
the hearts of men with terror throughout the lend ;
religious hatred mingled its bitter poison in the
seething cauldron of provinoiel animosity ; but, of
all,theee deadly enmities between the States of Ger- -
many, scarcely the memory remains. Tnere is no
country in the world ,in which the sentiment Of na- -
tional brcitherhood is stronger. e
; In Italy', on the breaking up of the Roman Empire,
society might be said to be resolved into its original
'elements—into hostile stoma, whose only movement
was that of mutual repulsion. Ruthless barbarians
had destroeed the old organizations and c ivered the
land whil e s merciless feudalism. An, the new
civilization grew up, under the wings of the Church,
the noble families and the walled towns fall madly
into conflict with each other ; the secular feud of
Pope and. Emperor scourged the land ; 'province
i against province; city against city . ., street against
street, waged , remorseless ward against each other
from father to son, till Dante was :able - to till his
1 , imaginary hell with the real demons of Dallier his
tory. So ferocious had the factions become, that the
great poet exile himself, the glory of his native city,
and of his native language, was by a decree of the
, municipality ordered to oe burned alive, if found in,
the city of Florence. But these deadly feuds and
hatreds yielded to political influences, tic the hostile
cities were grouped into Stetes undeestable govern
, ments ; the lingering traditiOns of the ancient ani.
Dap:shies gradually cited away ; and now-Tuscan and
LomberaeSardinian and Neapolitazwas if to shame
the degenerate sons of America, are joining in one
cry for an united Italy. -
In France, not to go back to the civil wars of the
league in the sixteenth century, and of the Fronde
in the seventeenth ; not to speak of the dreadful
scenes throughout the.kingdom, which followed the
revocation of the Edict of Nantes ; we have, In the
great revolution which commenced at the close of
' the last century, seen the blood-hounds of civil strife
let loose as rarely before in the history of the world.
I The reign of terror established at Paris stretched
I its Moues'Briarean arms to every city and village in
1 the land; and tithe most deadly feuds which ever di
vided a people, had the power to cause permanent
alienation and hatred, thusswurely was the occasion.
But far otherwise the fact. In seven, yeersTrom' the
fall of Robespierre, the strong ' arm of the youthful
ie conqueror' brought order out of the chaos of crime
'
and woe-; Jacobins whose heeds were scarcely
cleansed from the best blood of Preece met the re
turning emigranta. whose estates they had confis
cated and whose kindred they had dragged t..) the
guillotine in the Imperial antechambers; and when,
after another turn of the. wheel of fortune, Louts
, XVIII was restoredeo his throne, he took the regi
cide 'Touché, who had voted for
_hie brother's death,
tolls cabinet and confidence. '
i The people of loyal America will never take to
their confidence or admit se/dun:ea share in their
Government the hard-hearted men, whose cruel lust
of power hap brought this desolating war upon tee
land, but there is no personal •bifferness felt even
against them. They may live, if they can bear to
live efterevantonly causing the death of so many
thousand fellowmen; they may live in safe obscure
ty beneath the shelter of the they nave
soueht to overthrow, or they may fly, to the protec
tiomof the Governments of Europa— some of thesi
are already there, seeking, happily in vain, to ob
tain the std of foreign Powers in furtherance of their
own treason. There let them stay, The humblest
dead soldier that lies cold amid stiff in his graver be--.
fore up, is en object of envy bonsai. the clods that
ewer him, hi comparizein with the living ruse, who
is willing to`grovel at tile foot of a foreign throne,
for assistance compassing the ruin of hi 3 country.
hour
But the is coming, and „now is, when the
potver of the leaders of the rebellion to delude - and
inflame mutt cease. There is no bitternees oa tee.
i part of the masses. The people el the. South are not
I going to, wage an eternal war for the wretched pra
t texts by which this rebellion is sought to be justi
fied. The bonds that unite na as one People, a sub.
stanlial community of origin, language, belief, and
law (rhe four great ties that hold see societies of
men together); common national and politic:Wm.
! tercets ; a common history; a conamon pride in a
I: glorious ancestry ; a common interest in this, great
beritaee of , blessings ; the very geographicel fea
tures of the country ; the mighty rivers that cross
l the lines of climate, mad thus facilitate the inter
change of natural and industrial products ; while
, the wonder-working arm of the engineer has levelled
the
.mountain walla which. separate the East 'and ;
West, compelling your own eilegeaniee, my finery-
land and Pennsylvania friends, to open wide their
everlasting doors to tile ehaelot-wheels of traffic &nil
travel—these bends of union are of perennial forhe
ere, ene:ge, while the causes of alienation are ima
ginary, factitious, and transient. The heart -of the
people North and South is for the Union . .' -Indica
tions, too plain tire mistaken, announce the hert,
both in the East and the West of the States in rebel-.
[ lion. In North Carollers
_and. Arkansas .the. fatal
charm at length is broken. Al Wilde/ and Little
Rock the lips of honest and brave men are unsealed,
and an independent press is unlimbering its artil
lery. The weary masses of the people are yearning
I to tee the dear old flog floating again upon the
' carltols, and they etch for the return Of the peace,
proeperily, and happinees, which they enjoyed un
der a Government whose power was felt onlyin its
bleasligs.
And now, friends , fellow-citizens of Gettysburg
1 and Pennsylvania, and you from re:tenter states, let
i me again invoke your benediction, as we part, on
; ther e honored graves. You feel, though the 0003 %
sion is mournful, that it is good to be here. You feel
that it was greatly auspicious for the cause of the
country that the men of the East and .the men of
i West, the men of nineteen sister States stood side
by side, on the perilous ridges of the battle. You
now feel it a new betel of union, that they shalt lie
side by side, till a clarion louder than that which
marshalled them to the combat shall awake their
slumbers. God bless the -Union ; it is dearer
to its for the blood of these brave men shed in its
defence. _ The spots on which they stood and fell ;
these pleasant heights; the fertile plain beneath
them; the thriving village whose streets so lately
rang with the strange din of war ; the fields be
yond the ridge. where the noble Reynolds held
the advancing foe at bey. and while he gave up
his own life, assured by his forethought and self'
sacrifice the triumph of the two succeeding days ;
the little streams which wind throtigh 4. the
hills, on whose banksin after times the; ondering
!ploughman will turn up, with the rude weapons of
,savage warfare, the fearful missiles.of modern artil
lery ; the Seminery ridge, the peach-orchard, Cem,e
tery,"Oulp, and Wolf Hill, Round. Top, Little Round
;Top, bumble names, henceforward dear and famous ;=
no lapse of - lime, no distance of space, shall cause
; you to be forgotten. "The whole earth," said Pe-
-
t ricles, as -he stood over the remains of his felleW
' citizens, who had fallen in the first year of the P_elo-
Iponnesion war, "the whole earth is the sepulchre of
l'illustrioue men." All-time, he might have added,
', is the millentum of their . glory. surely -I would. do
no injustice to the other nobles dhlevements of the
war, which hive reflootedl much ho nor on both imp
• THE PRESS.-PllOll
of the service, end have entitled the armies and the
navy .of the United States, their officers and men,
to the warmest thanks and the richest rewards
which a grateful people can pay. But they, I. am
pure, will join us in saying, as we bid farewell to the
dust of these martyr.heroes, that wheresoever
throughout the civilized world the acsounts of this
great warfare are read, and
th down to the latest ls pe
rd of recorded time, in e glorious anna of our
common country, there will be no brighter page
than that which relates TEE BATTLES OP GETTY'S.
BURG.
TILE PRESIDENT'S RECEPTION.
raasoaits OP THR PPICEODHNT, THS EleloaliTAßY
OP STATIC, AND MR. JOECIT W. FORNEY,
Gwrryonnno, Nov. IS.—The Presidential train
arrived hero on Wednesday evening, but the Go.
vernors , train wee , delayed, by ,a slight accident to
the engine, till nearly midnight, and the various
Governors were not able to participate in the pro
ceedings of the night, which were of a lively charac
ter.
Tho President, Secretary Seward, and Colonel
Forney were serenaded, and eaoh severally replied
to the compliment.
The President said he was happy to see so many
of his friends preeent to' participate in the oeremo•
nice, but he would make no'" (speech, as he had both.
ing particular to say. [Laughter and applause.]
ME. IEIEW.AALOS 81.103011
The following is the speech of. Dlr. Seward in
reply to the serenade :
Fxra.ow-cerixeate: I am now sixty years old,
and I have been in publics life for forty years
of that time. This night is the first time that
ever anybody in the State of ' Maryland was
ever willing to listen to my voice—(A.• voice.
This is Pennsylvania I)—or in Pennsylvania so
near to the border of Maryland, and the reason
was, that I saw forty years ago, opening before
this people the graveyard that was to be fillet
with brothers who fell in mortal political con
filet, and I knew that the cause that was hurrying.
them on to that dreadful strife was slavery, and when
1 did lift my voice it was to warn them to remove
that cause, if they could by peaceful and comititn
tional means, and so avert the catastrophe of civil
war, which has now fallen , upon the nation. (
Valise.]
I am thankful that you are willing to hear me at
last. I thank my God that I believe this strife is
going to end in the removal of that evil which
ought to have .been removed by peaceful means
and deliberate counsels. [Applause.] I thank
my God for the hope,-that this 13 the last fra
ternal war, which will fall upon the country,
that, haaaheen voucheafed to us by Heaven—
the richest, the brightest, the most .beautiful, - the
molt raagnifleencthe- most capable of a gto &ins
destiny of any, country that God has ever given to
any portion of the htiman race,
and that when that
cause is removed, .simply by the operation: of pe
rishing as the cantle, And the agent of a treason that
is without j uetitioation ' and without parallel, thence
forth we shall be indeeda Union—one couutry,ttavina,
only one hope, one ambition, one destiny, [Applause]
Then tomorrow, if we have not knowu it before,
we shall know that we are not enemies, but that we
are friends and brothers; that this Union is a re
ality, for it is one common country, and we shalt
mourn, I am sure,Agith equal sincerity over the
grave of the misguided insurgent, whom we have con
signed to hiselset resting place, and pity him with
the Beam sincerity and the same heart felt grief that
we mourn over the brother by whose hand, raised in
the defence of the Government Jo which -we all
owe allegiance, that misjtidged brother fall; and
when we part to-morrow night, let us remember
that we owe it to our country. that we owe it to
mankind, that this war shall have a triumphant
conclusion in the eetablfshment Of a democratic:
Government upon the simple principle that what
ever party or portion of the nation shall prevail
in an eleetion, that party shall be respected
and maintained in power, - .until it shall give
place upon another trial, and after another
verdict, to a different party of a -different per- ,
lion of the people, [Applause.] Without thrkti
let um tell you that you are drifting at ones and ir
resistibly to the very verge of the destruction col all
Governments, With that principle, this Govern
ment of ours will be the best, the fl:st, and happiest
in the world, and may be, and so far as we are con
cerned will be, immortal. Good night, [Meets and
applause.]
Colonel Forney made a - brief speech, referring to
the politest aspect of the campaign, and particularly
to the ervices of Douglas to the Union. He paid
,
a eulogy to the President, and spoke of him as anti
that would live in history as the saviour of his
country..
THE CEREMONIES © F TIN DE OICHION.
The Procession—The Military Escort—Rio.
quent Frryer by the Rev. Thomas H.
Stockton—Dedicatory Address of the Pre
sident—The Oration of Mr. Everett.
GaPrvanuaG, Nov. 19.—The ceremonies attend
ing the dedication of
- the National Cemetery own
menced this - morning by a grand military and civic
display,'under the command of Major Gen. Couch,
the programme for which luta already been pub-
The line of parade was taken up at ten o'clock,
tind proceeded:through the principal streets tothe,
cemetery; where the military formed in line and
saluted the President.
At a quarter past eleven o'clock the head of the
procession arrived atithe main stand. The President
and membera - of the Cabinet, together with the chief
military and civic delegations, took their positions
_on the stand, the President being seated between
Milan. Seward and Everett, after a reception
mulcts' with , respect and , perfect silence, due to the
solepnity of the occasion, 'every man among the
innAnse gathering uncovering uPpn his appear.
The military then formed inlinaextandlogaroul*
the area between the stand and the 'military being
occupied by civilians, comprising about_ls,ooo peo
ple, and including men, women, and children. The
attendance Of ladies.Jwas quite large.
The tiMitary escort - comprised one squadron' of
cavalrY,_two batteties of artillery, and a regiment
of infantry, being the regular funeral escort of honor
paid to the hightst officers in the service.
After the pelformance of - the -- funeral military.
dirge-by Birgfeld'a, band, an eloquent prayer was
delivered by the ..rier. Kr. Stockton, as followa :
TILE PRAYER.
:Oh God! Our Father, for the sake of Thy Son,
eineSaylour, inspire us with Thy spirit, and sanc,
tify ins to the right fulfilment of the duties of this
occasion. We come to dedicate this new historic
centre as ` a National:Cemetery. If all , departments
of the one Government which Thou halt ordained
over our Union, and of the many Governments
which Thou has subordinated to the Union repre
sented'; if. all classes,' relations, and interests of
our blended brotherhood of people stand severally
and.thoroughly apparent in Thy presence, we trust it
is benause Thou haat called us, that Thy blessing
awaits us, and. that Thy designs may be embodied
in. practical results of the incalculable. and tin
-perishable good. And so with Thy hely Apostle,
and with the Church of all lands and ages, we unite
in the inscription "Blessed be God, even the
Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of
Mercies, and the God. of all comfort, -who
comforteth us in all our tribulations, that
we may be able to comfort them which are
in any trouble, by the comfort wherewith we
ourselves are comforted of God." In emulation of
all angels—in fellowship with all saints and in sym
pathy with all sufferers—in remembrance of Thy
works, in reverence of Thy, ways. and in accordance
with Thy word, we love and magnify Tale Infinite
perfections ' Thy creative glory, Thy redeeming
grace, Thy providential goodness, and the progres
sive richer and fairer development of Thy supreme,
universal and everlasting administration. In be
half of all humanity . whose ideal is divine,
whose first memory . is Thy
. image lost, but
whose last hope is Thy image restored, and es
pecially in behalf of our own nation, whose history
has. been so favored c whose position is ao peerless,
*beim mission is so sublime, and whose future is so
attractive,
we thank Thee for the unspeakable pa-
tience of Thy compassion and for the exceeding
greatness of Thy loving kindness. In contem
plation of Eden, Calvary, and Heaven, of
Christ in . the God; on the crone and on the
throne—nay more, of Christ as coating again
in all.subduing power and glory—we gratefully
prolong our homage by this altar of, sacrifice,
on - this field of deliveranae, , on this mount of salve,- .
tion,. within the fiery and bloody line of these
munitions, of rocks lookingback to the dark days of
fear and trembling, and to the rapture of relief that
mime after. We multiply our thanksgivings, and
confers our obligations. to renew and perfect our
personal and social consecration to Thy service and
glory. Oh, bad it not been for God! for lo 1 our ens
mien they came =existed, multitudinous ' mighty,
thrilled wlth - victory mursure of success. They ex
ulted on our mountains ; they revelled in our val
leys- they feested ; tney rested; they slept; they
awaked ; they grew stronger, prouder, and bolder
every day ;'they Spread abroad; they concentratel
here ; they looked beyond this horizon to - the stores
of weeltit, to the haute of pleasure, and to the
seats of power
in our Capital and chief cities ; they
prepared to cast the N ehain of slavery around the
form of Freedom, and to bind life and death together
forever. Their premature triumph was the mockery
of God and man. One more victory, and all was
theirs ; but behind these' bills was heard the
feebler march of 'a smaller but still pursuing host ;
onward they hurried day and night for Mete court
try and their God ; footsore, wayworn, hungry,
thirsty, faint--but not in, heart—they came to dare
all, to beat all, and to de all that is possible to he
roes. At first they met the blast on the;plain,
and bent before it like the trees '; but then led by
Thy hand to these hills, they took their stand on
these rocks, and remained as firm 'and - immov
able as they. In vain were they assaulted; all
art, all violence, all desperation failed to .
lodge them. Baffled, bruised and - broken, theirene
mie.s retired and disappeared. Glory to God Tor
this rescue 1 But Oh, the slain, in the (nehmen and
fullness of their young and:manly life with such
sweet memories of•father and mother, brother end
sieter„ wile and children, maiden and friends, .frOM
the coasts beneath the eastern star., from the
shores of the Northern - lakes and ricers:.: From
the homes of the midway and the border,
they came - here to die 'for - us' and for .man
kind. Alas ! how little we can. do for them.
We come with humility of prayer, with the ',ethane
eloquence of venerable wisilem, with the teader"
beauty of poetry, with the plaintive harmony ofmu
sic; - : with tee, honeet tribute of our Chief EVlagistrate,
and with all this honorable attendance, but our best
hope la in Thy blessing. Oh ! Lord our God, blees.
URI. Oh ! Our Father, bless the bereaved, whether
absent or present. Blese our sick and'wounded
`fliers and sailors. Bless all our-rulers and people:
Blue our army and navy. Bless the efforts •to sup
pres'e this rebellion, and bless all the associations of;.
'this day, and the plane and scene forever. As the
trees are not dead, though their foliage is .
- gone, so our herpes are not dead, .though"
their forms have fallen; in their proper personality
trey are all with Thee,. and the spirit of their ex
ample is here. It fills tbe air; it fills our hearts, and
as long as time shall laid it will 'hover on these
Aim and rest on this landscape ; and the pilgrims
of our own land, and of all lands, will thrill with
its inspiration,.and confirm their devotion to
_li
berty, religion, and God..
--
MR EVERETT'S ADDRESS.
[This addrese is published on our first page.]
Mr. Everett then commenced the delivery of his
oration, which WKS lilltSrled to, with marked atten
tion thteughout. The vast assemblage, gathered
within a circle of great extent around thee tend, were
eo . quiet anti attentive that every word uttered by
the orator of. the day must have been heard by theig
all. lyumeroue flags and banners, suitably draped,
were exhibited on the stand and among the audi
ence. The entire scene was one of a grandeur dull'
to.the importance of the occasion.
Drannouisnitn PERSONS ON TEE PLATFORM.
Among the distinguished persons 6n the platform .
were the following: Governor Bradford, of•Msry•
land; Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania; Governor
Morton, of Indiana ; Governor Seymour, of New
:York ; Governor Parker, of Net‘Jersey.; Governor
Tod s of Ohio ; ex-Governor Dennhion, of Ohio,; Jae,
Brongh, Governor elect of Ohio; PlEcjor Generale
Sohenck, Stahl, Doubleday, Couch ; Brigadier Gene
tat Gibbon, and Provost Marshal General Fry.
IitISDIOATORY SPEECH OF THE - PRESIDENT.
The President then'delivered the following dedi
catory speech : • .
Four score and seven years ago ourlathers brought
forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in
liberty and dedicated'to the Proposition that all men
are coated equal. [Applause] Now we are en- ,
gaged in. a •great civil war, testing' whether that
nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedi
'Gated, can long endure: - We are met on a
14 mend battle-field of that war; we. are
met to dedicate a portion 'of it as the final
Tt sting place of those who here gave their lives
that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting
;and proper that we should do this, but, in a larger
sense we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we
;cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living
-and deadi who struggled here,. have consecrated it
tar. above , our: poor,..power to'add or .to.:_detract.'
[Applause.] The world will little note, nor long
remember, what we , say here, but it en never for
...
get what they did here. t plause.] It is for us,
the living, tether 'to be d eated here to the ue. ,
finished work that they hav thus far en nobly car
ried on. (A.pplause.] It is
a ther for us here to be
i; v.
dedicated to the great task r aiming before us, that
from these honored dead we ke inereased devotion
to that cause for which they ere gave the last full
measure of devotion. That here highly resolve.
that these dead shall not h e died in vain. [Ap
plause I That the nation stall, under God, have a
i
new birth of freedom, and t t the Government of
' from the earth. t ong applause. Three
the people , by the people an for the people, shall
not perish
°beers given for the Presiders of the United States
and Governors of the States.
1
After the delivering of this dress, the dirge and
benediction Wooed the erten es, and the treasons*
assembly separated about two 'cloak.
DIROI
gong at the Consecration of the idlers' Cemetery, Oat
tynburg, Pennaylvania The orde by James G. Per
cival. Wale by A. Deleny. mused for band and
voices, by A. Birgfe!d.
I.
0 I it is great for our countryto whoa mkt;
are contending. \
I3rtglit Is the wreath of our fame ; glory awaits us
for aye I
Glory, that never is shining oa with a light
s 115 Unn, shining
never ending— • , •
Glory, that never shall fade, never, 0 t never away t
n.
0 t it Is sweet for our country 'to die ; how softly
reposes •
Warrior youth on hts bier, wet by the tears or his
love,
Wet by a motheks warm tears; they crown him with
garlanda orroseo,
Weep, and then joyously turn, bright where he
triumphs above.
Not in Ellysinn fields, by the atill obltvloue river;
..Vot in the Wee of the bleat, over the blue rolling
sea;
But on Olyinpien heights shall dwell the devoted
forever;
There sheTheesemble the good, there the wise,
valiant And free.
O f then how great for our country to die, in the
front rank to perish.
Firm with our breast to the foe, victory's shout in
our ear;
Long they our statues shall crown,' in, songs- our
memo: y cherish;
We shall look forth from our heaven, pleased the
sweet music to hear.
Scenes After Axe Dedleatioll.
SPEECH O 1 GOVERNOR 8E 711017 n.
About three dolook in the afternoon, the 6th New
York Regiment of heavy artillery, Colonel aturray,
was marched to the temporary residence of Gov..
Seymour, where they passed in review before the
Governor, presenting a handsome spectacle. Upon
the conclusion of this ceremony, which attracted
quite a crowd of sight seers,. GOvernor Seymour
presented a handsome silk regimental standard to
the regiment accompanying the gift with the follow
ing speech
Soldiere of New York, we love our whole country
without reservation ; but while we do so it is not in
consistent with that perfect and generous loyalty, to
love and to be proud of our own State. This day,
when I took part in the celebration that was to con
secrate yonder battle.lield, while I felt as an
American citizen, proud of my own country, and
,proud. of the gallant- services of her citizens
in every State, nevertheless, my eye did
involuntarily wander to that field where lie the glo
rious dead of our own good and great State; and
when I returned to , see marching before me your
manly and sturdy column, not knOWing you be
longed to New York, my.heart did quicken, and illy
pulses tingled to know that you were acting
under commissions issued by myself, and I em
most proud and ,most happy that I have .this
opportunity, on behalf of the merchants of the great
commercial city of New York, to present to you.
this glorious bannerovhich has been sent as a token
of their confidence -in your loyalty and in your
courage and your fidelity in the hour of danger.
Sergeant, I plane these colors in "your hands iu the
firm-toLtidence that they will be borne through
every field of triumph, of toil and of danger, in a
way that will do honor to -yourselves, to the great
State . which you represent, and 'the eau greater
country to which we all belong. .
May God bless you as you serve your country on
the distant field of danger. We find in those glori
ous hada you left behind you are not indifferent to
this coal isti are not indifferent to the welfare of the
whole Union. Ido not doubt, therefore, that when
you shall return from your dangerous fields of duty,
you shall bring bath. this standard to be placed
among the archives of oar State, with honorable
mention of the services her sons have performed. I
do not doubt that though it may perhaps be re
turned torn and stained, yet it will be eat more
glorious, and with glorious recollections clustering
around it.
In concluding 'Ulm remarks, I ask in return of
the men of New York to give three - cheers for the.
Union of our country, and .three cheerst for the flag
01 our land. -
facAcrril ;soloAvlifollow@d pa ft abort opiseali,
DNPAIITURE OP THE PRESIDENT.
The President's party started for Washington at 6
o'clock this evening, followed by the Governors ,
train. Thousands of persons were gathered at the
d6p6t, anxiously awaiting transportation to their
homes, but they will probably be confined to the
meagre :accomniodationa.of Gettysburg till to-mor
row.•
BRiISORIPTIONS FOR STIR RICHMOND PRISONERS
A:SUbseription of $2BO has been, made by the Mar
shals attending these eeremonies,"to be devoted for
the relief of the Richmond prleoneic
[Special iespatch to. The Preem.)
GTITYSISUILta t Nov. 19, 1862
• • -
The President and Messrs. Seward, "Usher, - Malt,
lad Csnierony Generals Stahl arkd Doubleday, with
Governpie Curtin, firbugh Tod, Horton, Pierpont,
and Seymour, arrived, in a epeolsi irain, last night.
The ceremonies begun $t noon to:day,"cer the Ch3rae
tery Hill, The procession was 'many miles long,'
and imposing and grand in , the extreme. , Flags, at
half-mast, were hung from every house.top. Dele
gations attended from all parts of the State and the
country. The programme
-published in , Tkc ~fress
was strictly adhered to. -The cerernonlEe were
opened with prayer, by.,the Rev. Thomas H.- Stook
ton, chaplain of the House of Representatives.
He concluded with the Lord's-Prayer, and during
the delivery of these eloquent words there was
scarcely a dry eye in all the vast assemblage. D.
. .
[For The:Presqj , •
TILE CCM -O..C.IC:ICTICIP
• - •
auture BROpx.
PEACE ! today, a Nation's flat
Mellows into Sabbath quiet.
Village hum, and city riot.
On the mountains, wan November
Lights her sad and golden ember
01 the glory we remember :
.T,ike the grand, unburied , glory,
Heroea'of °lir summer story,
Writ and left on valleys gory !
Now—a Nation's hearts are doatirig
On the tale—and eyes are noting
All her banners half-mast floating I ..
Long funeral lines are meeting,
And funeral drums are beating, -
- Where the humeri locked their greeting:
' .
And the Nation's mourners Scan her,
Raising now the starry banßer, - -
O'er her grand funeral-manor !
O'er the manor, where th' inVader,
Far in reeking furrows, laid her
Children, who so well obeyed
Scattered mourners! dry your weeping,:
For a NATION'S heart is keening
Vigil, where your loves are sleeping. ,
Sage and-Poet ! spare`your praises:
--
On each mound,-a Ipf tierlay-ia -
Wafted by the trampled dilates:
For their choral hymn hath Waited
'Tß the soil, by Fansoorkfate.d,
By her blood was, coesecrated.l-. -
Shout, oh 1 shout—the graves - that stein ye,
Shrine your Country's dear arcana,—
GETTYSBURG and REPIESYIkArtiA.!
PHILADELBRIA, N0V1D19;1863. ' •
AID FOR THE . SOLDIER. _
To the Editor of The Press :
SLR : I propose that the published. proceedings of
the coming service at Gettystnirg be printed in a
neat pamphlet form, and, perhaparaecompanied with
a map or chart of the battle-field, and sold exclusively
for the benefit of those Union soldiers who euffercit en
that terrible conflict. It would carry blessing. to the
heart of many a sink and wononded hero, and give
food and 'raiment to thousands of families made
helpless and desolate by the offering of husband. bro
ther, father, and son, on the glorious altar of a na
tion's liberty, Very.reSpectfully,
.3":IIYA.Tr SMITH.
Ax INCII3IIIIT OF INTEREST--The first, and, .I be
lieve, the only action of any official body taken in re
gard to the burial Of the Gettysburg dead, was that
of the City Council of Boston, which, on the 23d of
July, upon the recommendation'Of his Honor Mayor
Lincoln, appointed a -committee of eight "to pro
ceed to Gettysburg to:procure' a suitable lot in the
cemetery at that place, to mule the remains of those
soldim a from thia city, not otherwise .disposed of by
their friends,-to be deposited therfitn, and ti suitable
monument to be erected over the same." As soon
as =practicable, 41derman IliraniAß.;Steyens, chair
man, and Councilmen Wro:Cumatonotthis eom.
mittee, proceeded to Gettysburg: Upon 'arriving
there they found that the "military authorities had
interdicted the removal of bodies during the hot
weather. While this prevented any. immediate
action in regard to the exhumation and reburial of
the bodies in one place, it did not delay these gentle
men in moat zealously examining the,-' ground and
identifying bodies, and otherwise forelfaing.the ob.
yet of their mission. Under the guidintio of Kr. So
lom On Powers, a citizen of Gettyaburgi who bas since.
acted as an agent of the committee and been of,
great service to them, they traversed the battle
field and visited the hospitals, giving; for several'
days their personal attention to:theAdentification
and ',designation of grtives,. and ,the -procurement
train souties,, especially from .wounded men in
the
from.
.of informatioriwhfah Would lead 16,
the discovery of any of our-cleadl In many cases
they found the head.stakes marked in swan a man
.ner that one or two rain storms woeld, have (Wi
fe] ated the writing, and for these they substituted
distinct and lasting painted . boards, besides taking
a careful memorandum of every grave and its re
lative location. Many persons who ;were there in
eemch of their friends were also greatly. wielded
by the committee in their dill:Wilt , tasW;,,ln one
instance a beautiful young lady of — Hitrisburg,
who had been but lately 'married to a mem
ber of the lath MasSachuaetts.-Hegiment, came
to them for help to find her husband, from whom
she had not heard since the first day , s• tight.
She had visited Baltimore to ascertain if' he had
been taken prisoner, and had gone through all the
hoomtais in vain seeking some comrade who Could
tell her his fate. There were twenty "unknown"
graves in a cluster near the spot' where the 13th
rough; and. these she sought permission to open.
By the intercession of the committee she coo.
mined It, and every one of the twenty gravea
were opened' without discovering her husband.
St e was about;to turn away in' despair, from the
last ol..the'tiventy graves, when:her eye caught'
eight of a button,upon the overcoat of the burled
soldier. She instantly knew that her' husband
lay before her ;.for in a previous-engagement - _this
button wad struck by a , ball , and indented in a pecw
liar way. He bad promised to leiwe it with her as a
memento, but in the hurry of departure forgot it,
and now it gave evidence of-the untithely end of
him to whom her young lifet,i hopes had so lately
been united.
A Nuw COMEET.-A. new comet was discovered at
Leipmc on the morning of the 9ti of. October. Dr.
Etgieman, of the Rol at oi:sere tory of that city,
has calculated thelollotving eiemrnte of its orbit :
Perlinlion Passage ............. 20.
Longitude of Perihelion 123° 28'
Lobgitude of - ascending node 105° 03'
Inclination of orbit " 83'.•28'
a Perihelion distarioe 1308
These elenients show that the comet will bemean,
est to the. sun on the 29 '. h. of ,December, and will
then be distant from that luminary about one hun
ched and twenty-three millions of miles. We hive
not yet seen any ephemeris of this comet, and there
fore cannot give any information respecting its
luture carter.
Tn vote of the Ohio soldiers promises to be
larger than was anticipated. It .1a .thought it will
'reach from forty to 'forty•two,thousand. This will
Jun up Brough's majority close onto one hundred;
;thousand. The soldiers' vote is wiping out the
:Copperhead majority in most , of the few counties
!that. were carried by the home -vote.= One of the
,gratifying features of en latcpaleotione Pi the one
-WWI .:tharacter, - 44; the_soldleral vOtt 0 1 4t;;;:.0f
eighteen thousand returneci .from Ohio, Vallandig
ham received less than onettiousand,
• - - ;
;, • -
ELPIECLI, PRIDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1863.
Vrtss.
Are We can take no notice of anonymous commu
nications. We do not return rejected manuscripts.
Air Voluntary correspondence solicitea from all
prate of the world, and especially from our different
military and naval departments. Whenused, it will
be paid for.
IT is OVER Now—that grand and solemn
consecration of the battle-field of Pennsyl
vania, the eternal hills and plains of Get
tysburg—first consecrated by the anguish
and death of thousands of our bravest, by
-their victory so dearly won, and now
dedicated to perpetual peace. Now the
ground is doubly sacred by the blood of
the slain' and the blessing of the peo
ple. The many thousands who yesterday
moved aniong_ those immemorial fields of
glory have departed ; the President, who
there met the loyal men of all States, has
returned to his high duties happier and
stronger for the revelation of their trust in
his wisdom. Eloquence and - music are
silent now, and the dead are left alone in
their silent graves. It is enough. To them
the last funereal honors are paid, and now
it is for us to so live that they will not have
died in vain.
The dedication of- the National Cemetery
must be a new dedication of the nation to
the holy cause for which, for two years, it
has battled. From the sepulchre of heroes
must spring the soul of- heroism, and the
living must live with all their life for - the
'truth for which - the dead have died, For
Government, for Freedom, for Union, the
lives of thousands, whose bones lie scattered/
from the Potomac to the Gulf, were offered.
There are few of us, who in our happy homes
read of war, who need sacrifice life or fortune
for our country. But can we not sacrifice
prejudices, past political ties, and party pre
cedents ? Men ofall parties marnled. un
.der the national flag as AMerican soldiers,
fought and died, not as Democrats or Re
publicans, but as patriots, and cannot,we
emulate their ldyalty; even though we may
not equal their sacrifices
In the presence.of the sublime thoughts to
which thin great and solemn occasion gives
birth, we dare - not speak as partisans, we
dare not argue as friends of any man or any
administration. These will pass away, even
as the thunders of the battle have ceased to
echo, and the agonies of the wounded are
ended. The administration of ABRAHAM
LINCOLN will end, and -of those who now
direct,the path of the nation few will live -
When twenty years have passed, But Free
- dom will not die, and it is our duty to leave
to our children the Union we receiVed from
our fathers. This we cannot do by oppo
sing-the. Government which embodies the
Union, .by quarrelling with:itS measures,
and. dividing into parties upon questions of
subordinate importance. This we can only
do by unanimous and loyal action—by for:
getting party—by giving our souls to the
work, as the heroes of Gettysburg , gave
their lives. We are Americans; our Go
vernment is threatened with destruction ;
and if this truth e,ann6t unite us upon a na
tional platform, -then we need no National
Cemetery at Gettysburg. Then the• war, is
in vain, and those who have fallen are hap
pily dead, being spared the spectacle of their
country's shame. But why should we re
peat this argument ? twenty States have
enforced it, and yesterday it was triumph
antli sustained by DelaNhre. All the pa,
triotism of the nation is not interred at
Gettysburg.
_ -
The condition of the Union soldiers in the
Richmond prisons is terrible. These men
are starving. They are starving while the
whole North is longin& to supply them
with every comfort, while the Oovernment
is ready to convey provisions and stores of
all kinds to the very doors of their cells.
They are starving simply because of the bar
barityArof the rebel authorities, who will
neithef feed them nor permit them to be
fed, and who have thus given new proof
that - slavery brutalizes the slaveholder far
more than it degrades the slave. Last
Saturday a steamer sent from Fortress
Monroe with clothing and food for
the Union prisoners at Richmond was
cruelly turned back, upon what mili
tary pretence no- military man can ima
gine. The wretchedness of these men
cannot be exaggerated. The released pri
soners ,who have reached Annapolis tell the
pitiful story. Mr. ROBERT R. Oonson,
State military agent, writes to us that in
the hospitals there 50 men out of 189 died
of the effects of starvation. Our citizens will
see that this suffering which they can reach
is relieved ; but what of that suffering, more
extreme, existing in the horrible prisons and
slave-pens of Richmond ? Is that beyond
our reach,. and can nothing be done`?
A correspondent of Tux PRESS suggested
on Monday that "an army of Liberators be
raised for the special and only Object of
going to Richmond. Let the President
call for one hundred thousand volunteers
for this purpose—the speciality of their,duty
to,be clearly set forth and their term of ser
vice noted." Yesterday the. New York
Herald dechired that the refusal of the
rebels to supply their prisoners with 'food,
or permit the 'Government to save them
from the agonies of slow death from starva
tion, "must be made the signal for a new
crusade, the object of which is the imme
diate capture of the rebel capital." It ad
vises that the President "at once call upon
the loyal States for a specialorolunteer force
of two hUndred thousand men for this ex
press purpose." -
The enthusiasm and earnestness -with
which Ahe. people hive taken up this idea
is remarkable. It is urged by voice and
pen. The feeling is akin to that which
thrilled the nation when the flag was
,fired
on at Eunipter, andneeds, only encourage
ment to become *irresistible and universal
piiiiiose. This unheard:of cruelty and
wickedness of the „ rebel leaders, so, steriO.
iy opposed to the just and • Christian'
treatment of rebel' prisoners by -'theGo
vernment, is working up the North to
a passion of righteous indignation which
w,l,ll : „sweep the iniquity away. Were it .
otherwise, who would not blush for the
heartlessness of the North ? Yesterday,
while the nation was solemnly consecrating
itheburial place of its slain heroes, , their
comrades in valor and victory, were suffer
ing -a living death. From Gettysburg to
Richmond the path is straight. It will yet
be, trodden.
It is declared that the Japanese, fearing
that the English' may be too
. powerful as
enemies, have solicited aid from France. It
is possible that NAPOLEON may offer to me
diate, but it is not probable that he will take
part against England, at the call of a third
party. The Japanese are bylfar the best of
all the Asiatic people. They linotv a great
deal about mechanics and other branches of
practical science_; they are fully aware of
the advantages of - machinery ; they possess,
great powers of observation, adaptation, and
imitation; they can not only manceuvre, but
even build steam vessels; they make cannon
and other muniments of war ; unlike the
•
Chinese and the Hindoos, they possess
courage, discipline, and familiarity with
European weapons of warfare ; lastly,
they haver seen how England became
Raster of India, and has. got the wedge
in which will one day open. China to
their occupation, and it need , not be won
dered at that they desire to cease having any
intercourse •ts , hich can lead to such danger
(mit customers obtaining a footing on their
;soil.. They have assailed the English from
4 i distrust. athem, and.the-contest, with. the.
4aPanessi literally fa their altars and
_ -
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1863
Is it Again «On to Richmond,'
The Japanese and. the British.
their hearths. There has been a misunder
standing between the Japanese and some of
the United States war. ships, but it is to be
hoped that sufficient explanation, apology, or
compensation may be made. Our footing with
the Japanese has been honorably obtained,
and we have been regarded in a very diffe
rent light from other nations. We paid the
Japanese a very sufficient compliment by
specially sending Commodore PERRY to
make a treaty of alliance and commerce
with them, and when, for the first time,
they sent ambassadors to remote lands, the
first mission was to this country. With us,
they may soon renew friendly relations, but
they so much distrust the English that they
will prefer hostility to alliance with them.
England's desire for additional territory is as
well understood, even in comparatively rude
countries, as our principle of not burthen
ing ourselves with colonies. England, it
seems to us, has plunged into a war with.
Japan, which must be expensive, can
scarcely be satisfactory, and be almost in
terminable.
Mexican Matters.
Enormous lying has long been part of the
Emperor NAPOLEON'S stock in trade. He
acts precisely as a dishonest trader would
act, when, Wanting to cheat his creditors, he
carefully " books the accounts " and pre
sents a plausible balance-sheet, with a hand
some amount on the credit side. His sys
tem, ever since he obtained the Presidency,
in 1848, by solemnly swearing that he would
maintain the French Republic, has been' one
of persistent misrepresentation. He de
ceives as much by what he does not say as
by what he says. Yet he is plausible, with
al, and an adept in deceptibu. His last
trick, worthy of such a Tupiter Scapin, was
practised on a trusting, well-meaning, and
high-principled young gentleman, the Arch
duke 31.&ximinrAx, eldest brother of- the
Emperor of Austria. At the risk of repeat
ing Some facts with which we have already
made ourreaders acquainted, we shall briefly
relate the circumstances of this case.
Over two years ago, NAPOLEON induced,
or rather seduced, Spain and England to
join him in the invasion, then tenderly
called • " the occupation," of Mexico, by a
naval and military force to which the three
nations should contribute. lie solemnly
proclaimed to the world that his sole object
in getting up this expedition was to obtain
satisfaction from the Mexican authorities for
various wrongs sustained by French, Eng
lish and Spanish subjects, ,and also to de
.
mend and-obtain payment of the Mexican
debts to the three invading Powers. In a
solemn and public manner, NAPOLEON vo
luntarily rgpudiated the idea of having any
but these ostensible objects in view, espe
cially declaring that he did not purpose,
under any circumstances, to interfere with
the form of Government then existing in
Mexico. Republican it was, and republican
it might continue, for anything. he cared.
Spain and England believed this public as
surance, and heartily went into the invasion
or occupation of Mexico. The first united
effort of the invaders was the seizure of the
port of Vera Cruz. It was also their last,
for Gen. Prtim, who commanded the Spanish
contingent, sagaciously saw through Nero-
LxON's schemes, openly declared that they
went to the length of conquering Mexico
and overthrowing its republican institutions,
and immediately withdrew the force under
`his-command. The British forces were also
withdrawn, and the French army, under
General Folmar, remained to hold its own
in Mexico, as it best could. Although
largely and frequently reinforced, fully a
year * andkhalf elapsed before Puebla, half
way between the city of kexico and the
sea, was captured, the native troops, under
CorktolrFoßm, fighting with great energy,
perseverance, and courage. Eventually the
French occupied the capital, where they
have since continued, unable to obtain pos
session of more than a very small portion of
the country, and threatened, even there, by
the native troops who stand by Jue.nuz,
the elected President of the Republic. The
latest account states that General Clomow:
FORT is at the head of 15,000 to 20,000
Mexican troops, anxious to encounter the
inv4ers, whose tyranny - is greatly com
plained of.
General Fonny, and the French brigands
whom he commands, had not I.ong been in
possession of the city of. Mexico,when he
proceeded to carry out the 'policy and Obey
the instructions of his astute master, the
Emperor NAPOLEON. He assembled a few
of the base Mexican adherents of the French,
constituted them into an "AsseAnbly of the
Notables," and desired them pass ord-. ,
Dances whereby Mexico was decili:red ad
empire, and no longer a republic, And the
crown of which was voted to be offered to
the Archduke MAXIMILIAN, of Austria, or,
in default of his acceptance, to be placed at •
the / dispo*l of the Emperor of the French.
This was a decisive stroke, considerably at
variance with NAPOLEON'S public promise
and declaration that, he had not the slightest
intention of making any change in the Mexi
can form of government.
Why any (so-called), Mexican Assembly
of Notables should have selected an 'Austrian
prince as head of the newly-proclaimed em
pile was a puzzle' to many at first. 'But,
after the news of the great change in Mexico,
had been thoroughly discussed in Europe, it
oozed out, through newspaper .revelitions,
probably permitted, if not suggested by NA
POLEON, that early in October,lB6l, (weeks
before the united French, English, and.
Spanish foree had quitted Europe to invade.
Mexico,) NAEOLICON had written to the
Archduke MAlrmrtizAN, offering to make
him Emperor of Mexico, 'and that Maxi
rruArT had conditionallynacceßtcd—pro.
vided the thing could be decOrobsly done..'
It may be presumed that MAximusAiv did
not signify such assent without consultation
with his brother, the Emperor of Austria..
How these princes must have felt when, at
the very time this negotiation was in pro
gress, NAPOLEON solemnly repudiated any..
idea of promoting, provoking, or sanctioning
any change in the Government of , ' Mexico I
To simple-minded people it may seem, in
deed, as if the Austrian princes made them
selves, by silence, participants in the Na
poleonic deceit They tacitly lent them
.selves to it.
A deputation from Mexico waited upon
MAxramtax, showed him a 'Map of the
country on which was marked-that portion
of it said to be in possession of the French
boldly boasted that the "loyalty" of the
Mexican nation, to a German prince whom ,
ifey had never seen, would speedily Make
his -call to the throne as-unanimous as could
be desired ; intimated the civil war - Would
end when he reached Mexico, and formally
offered him the crown of the new Empire.
MAxprxmAx's reply, previously a'pproved
by his brother-of 'Austria, and his cousin• of
France, was to the effect that he would ac
dept the crown if unanimously offered by a
people among whom civil war had ceased,
and that the map assured , him how large a
part of Mexico was in his favor; showed
him fully a fourth part of that country occu_
pied by the French. The map may have
shown this, but` showeda • falsehood. In
stead of one-foura of Mexico being held•by
the French, not one twenty fourth part is so
occupied, and the'French find it difficult to
maintain themselves there—the guerillas
constantly harassing , their out-posts, and
General COMpIiTORT having from fifteen to
twenty thousand soldiers of the Republic
eager, to meet the foe in battle.
-When intelligenpe reached this countryof
the false declaration as to the portion of
Mexico _ occupied, by, the French, the Nele
York Herald published a map of that tout;
try, on wIA - dlkts distinctly marked, by
heavy, darYliiies;`the very limited portion
held by the French soldier'. This - showed,
at :a - g lance, how different the real" was to
the pretended position of the French in.
Mexico. The map appeared in the Herald
of October 12th, and all rombers of that
date destined to pass through the French
post office have been suppressed by order of
the . Emperor NArotzox: Many , ..copies ' no
doubt, have already been circulated in
France, independent of post office prohibi
tion, and have told their tale. The fact that
Neronnox prohibited the truth being seen
is. sufficient, and only in keeping with the
rest of his conduct as regards,Mexico. He'
~
commenced his • operations -.against .that
country with a lie s itLthe face of 411 the mt.
tions, and his last act, like his first, is a
falsehood. Should the circumstances of his
map-suppression reach MAXTMILL&N, it may
tend to change that gentleman's ambitious
desire to set on the throne of Montezuma.
If this does not open his eyes, nothing can.
Buiwer, Thackeray, and Dickens.
Not only play-goers and actor; but the e
public at large will rejoice in the truth of
a report, prevalent in London, that Sir
EDWARD BULWER-LYTTON is writing a
play for M. Fiturran, the French gentle
man who has succeeded so well upon the
English stage. A new play by BULWICR,
would be particularly acceptable to the
numerous " stars," who have well nigh
exhausted public patience with hackneyed
dramas and sensational productions manu
factured, by paste and scissors, out of popu
lar novels. There appear, no truth in the
on dit that Dir. THACItERAY would com
mence a new novel of society, in the Janu
ary number of the Cornkill Magazine. It is
positively declared, however, that CCIARLR3
DICKENS is writing -- a new. story, to appear
in twenty monthly parts, in the old fami
liar green cover, and that the first number
will be issued, with the magazines, on May
day, by CHAPMAN . & HALL, for whom he
first wrote " The Pickwick Papers,"
twenty-eight years ago. As before, " Boz"
will be illustrated, in his new work, by
" Phiz."
Union Triumph in Delaware.
The country will be satisfied. With Dela
ware. Hon. N. B. SMITHERS, - Unconditional
Union c,andidate for' Congress, is elected
without oppositiorr. -- We commend the good
taste of the disloyal party in concealing its
insignificance, and withdrawing from a use.
less contest. We know, however,"that Mr.
Enowu's name was _withdrawn, the day be
fore the eleetlon, to give color to the charge
that the Government intended to forcibly in
terfere with the election, and that prominent
politicians in other States advised the Cop
perhead leaders in Delaware to adopt this
course. It is the last zesort of a defeated
and disloyal party. ik
WASP-13[1'1G,TON.
Special Despatches to The. Press,
WASIEIFOTON, Nov.. 1
The Flag at Halll4last itt W ashington.
The flags upon all the departments, and on all the
other public buildings, were at half-mast taday, in
honor of thosewho felt at Gettysburg.
The Issue of Treasury Notes.
BY the act of 'March 3d, 1863, the Secretary of the
Tres:tory is authorized to issue four hundred mil
liens of dollars in Treasury notes, running not
-longer than three years, and bearing interest at a
rate not higher than six per cent., which he can
make a legal tender for the face value. Under this
authority fifty millions of two-years notes, at five
per cent. interest, payable every six months, were
negotiated with the associated barls of the three
cities on the Bth of September last. These notes
are to he a legal tender for their face, and, if paid
out by the banks, will to a great extent operate as
an equivalent increase of the currency. Plates
have been prepared for the issue of one-year notes
at the same rate of interest, payable at maturity
with the principal, which notes are also a legal
tender, but no declaim has yet been arrived.at
to their issue. The aggregate amount of "United
States legal•tender notes which the Secrettryv.has
been authorized by various stets of Gongressto give
issue absolutely, is four hundred millions: - Allot this
amount has been issued, Re has, besides, condi
tional authority to issue flfty millions more for the
redemption of the temporary loans, should it beam°
hecersary to do 10, Thn above fasts- were Obtained,
on inquiry, irom an authentic source.
nines§ of Admiral Stkubricti.
Admiral SnulirticK fell suddenly ill orsTriday•
night, and before any . (exCeotiii& his Most intimate'
friends) were aware of it; hie case had assumed a
serious aspect. Under the treatment of his physi
cians he.has rallied, and is now pronounced out of
danger, though requiring great care.
He entered the navy in the year 1806, and though
on the retired Hat, by the opeiration of the law - of
1881, he has continued iri active Bervice,and is now
president of the : Light house Board. —.
The United States District 'Court.
The United States' District Court for the Eastern
District of Virginia, at Alexandria, Judge TINDER
WOOD presiding, yesterday ordered decrees of confis
cation and sale against the property of thirteen
persona, including Captain Fnxxcir Fonnasr, late
of the U. S. Navy.
A court martial, of -which Ge,nerel SLOUndi wet
nresident. and Major Glam. t. judge . • advocate, was
today dissolved: - The findings in the following
eases are officially announced : IseaO: EnEDISIZICX
IliicCAirmut was found guilty of stealing 1:40,000 of
Government money; he is to be confined five years'
in the penitentiary in Albany. Captain - VV. HO* ,
LAND, A. Q. fit., convicted of embezzling $16,470.05,
to be cashiered and compelled to refund the money
unaccounted for, and be confined five years bf.
hairy. Captain CHEII.IIE'Itt LEVI, con
victed-Of signing a...falai?' certificate - to .. pai"oft: the
Men• under his cotrunand, is to be cashiered, and
compelled to return the money fraudule _ ntly obtain
ed. - and be forever disqualified from hiving any
office.
The Relief ef the Riehniond Prisoners.
' The supplies sent by the Government have been
permitted to reach their destination by the rebel
authorities,. Theluinor that the rebels have per-
Mittegiidotldng to bestistributed and.not food i 4 an
'Forty.eiglit; thousand:ratimm sent by. the
,
Secretary - of -War laat , vireek. have, been.reeeiyed,and
a letter to the Governinelt Irom i Genered
DoW states that they have been distributed... The.
error was. caused by the fact that the rebel autho
rities would not permit the officer in charge to ac
company the rations further than City Point.
_ _
We have 34,000 prisoners now in-ourpossessilen
armed. .
There are 40,000 teroes and the service
g
of the Government.
CHARLESTON'
Fort :gnmpter Soon:to Stqrender.
-New:Y(l . lm, Nov. 19. : —The. steamer . DepoSit. has
arrived . Aom Chatleston pig., with dates to the even
ing of.ole:l*h:init. She reports thit the bomhard
rnent.of_Stirapter continues day and night, and the
. •
fort JP iointich reduced that it_ will be compelled to,
surrender in a short time. . -
The Prize steamer. Ella.
BOSTON, Nov. 19 The. prize , steamer Ella; which
arrived here today, was captured off Wilmington;
about fifteen miles ilorth of Fort Foster, on Novem
ber lOth, atB P. M. The Honqua fired two shots at
her, one of which passed over, and the other struck
her, when she hove to.. and surrendered. She got
ashore two nights previous, but in getting'
off by throwing overheard part of bar cargo. At
the time of her eke - titre, the Elia :had a crew of
about twenty men, and her cargo was on account of
•
the rebel Government,.
Thu steamer was btillt in New. York, her. engines
hiving been cOnetrticted in 13r,00klyn .1863. Her
original name was the..Republie, and.she, was in- .
tended for a Sandy. Hoo k. ti:igbOat: — „She was sold'
parties ,St. John, p - . 134 -for 004000, and sailed
under a British `register; but really owned by
Southerners. :Her purser, who belongs to,Alabama,
is said to have owned - half of 'the steamer.: She can
make about twelve miles per hour.
This was her Iva attempt to • run the blockade.
Captaiti Swazey, who is in command of the Ells 2
belongs in Rhode Island. "7,•,4"
.. •
Provisions. for our . Starving-Soldiers.
BALTIMODA Nov. 19.—Thesshipment to Rfehniond
to morrow, for Mir,starileg prisoners, froni the Bal.
timore American 'Relief Fuca, will consist of 50 bar
rels of flour, la barrels of beef, la of pork, 3 barrels
of Bologna sausages, 1 barrel smoked beet s 12 boxes
soap, with a supply of yeast cakes, salt, &e., to the
value of $l,lOO, making the whole amount thus far
sent by Mr. C. C. Fulton, about $3,400,
Delaware Electlexi.
.THE UNION CANDIDATE ETALCTED WITHOUT OPPOST
WIiMINGTOI4 ,. Nov: 19 havini become evi
dent, from the`Vigorous - campaign conducted by the
Unionists, that Charles Brown would be oierwhelm
ingly defeated, the friends of , that gentleman-with
drew.name the day before the election. Smil hers,
the Ilidoninindid ate, has 4,00& majority in New
Pestle county. • The returns from the other °min
tiest indicate his triumphant election without orr
pooltion.
Naval Movements.
NKR YORK, Nov. 19 —The- steamer. Empire, City
has arrived from Key West, with dates Ur:the-15th.
instant.
Arrival of Prize Steamers.
Boszo4, Nov. 19 The prize ateaMerw:Coraubia
and Ella have arrived.`` , '
_
Markets by Telegraph.
Pnimarone, Nov. 19.—Wbe.at aetive ; ,tlales of yet
nt $1 65©110 lioni active ; sissies of .old at slo6@
1.08, new sl@l 03. Flottr aotive -at $6.75 for. Ohio
superfine MII - 147 62,44. 1 for extra. Whisky firm at 690
for Ohio, Coffee tending downward sales of 600
bAgs Rio at 3.3'&99k4c.
Citscirirwrzi' Nov. 19 —Flour has advanced 15c;
sales at $6 . 60. Wheat buoyiint. Corn has an'ad
vaneing— tendency. Hogs—Prices are stiffer, but
quotations are unchanged ; sales at VIVI; receipts
6,900. Whiskey 67c. Pork is firm. Exchange , on
New York dull and discount.
Shipping IntelltgOce.;
NNW YORK, Nov. 19 —Arrived, ship .Garibaldi
from Liverpool, bark Clienfuos frozmpieaftproa,
PORTLAND, Nov. 19. —The steamship North. Am
erican, from Liverpool, arrived tanight Her 'Ogee
have been anticipated. _
_,_
A COMPLIXENTARY BECNEWIT tOMila :KarrPrat
vest will be given this evening, at the
Theatre. This is the last 'night but,one".of ber en:.
gagement and that of the Arabs. -, , -
SALE OF OARPBTINEE, SFEAMDIEScecO.—The at
tention of purchasers is roll:mated to the desirable
assortment of Bruseels, ingrain, Venetian ) , Hit,
cottage, and hemp msrpitteitkui to ..he pererantro
rily sold, by catalogue, on lour. months.-credit,
commencing this Morning at precisely half past ten
o'clock, by John B. Myers & 00., bros. 2.32, and 24
Market street. r
TEE nonowAT. Loati.--The subscription
agent reivrts the sate Or ave.tweattiN7 on Thulxdap,,
at $731,660.
'A GREAT B i t TLE IN EAST
TEIINESSEE
GENERAL BURNSIDE FIGHTING
LONGSTREET,
The Enemy Repulsed.
A FIERCE AND BLOODY -ONTESi.
Clux• AkarriPa - sr 304 , 4,11 es 3121"0.1c,
cork X:Cra.c>a-v-ilil.e).
TUE BATTLE PROBABLY RENEWED
THURSDAY.
KNOXVILLE, Nov. 16.—[Special to the New York
Herald,]—General Longstreet, after crossing the
Tennestro river, on Saturday morning, 14th inat.,
was attacked in the afternoon by General Burnside,
who drove the advance guard back to within a mile
of the river edge. By nightfall Longatrtet crossed
the remainder of his troops, and on Surrnsy morning
advanced in force.
General Burnside, finding It impossible to cope
with him with the small force at his disponi, fell
back to Lenoir, the rear guard skirmishing heavily
with the enemy through the day. Three desperate
charges were made upon our poaitione during Sun
day night, but they were handsomely repulsed.
On. Monday morning Gen. Burnable evacoated Les
noir, but, owing to the energy with which the rebel
pursuit mita keptup, it was determined to give
them a decided check, and 'accordingly he came
Into line of battle at Campbell Station, whoa.
a fight ensued, lusting from late in the foret ,
noon until dark. Our first position commanding
the road from both sides, the infantry deployed In
front of this, and were soon attacked by the ene
my,-who made several gallant charges, and finally
succeeded by out.ftanking our men in driving, them
to the cover of the batteries, which now opened a
terrible and destructive fire,
The rebels retired before it, gave way, and even
tually fell baclr to the river: It was now 3 o'clock
in the afternoon, and the rebels showing a desire to
renew the attack, and having brought three hat•
teries to their aselstimee,G-encral Burnsidefell back
toe more desirable position, and again gage them
battle. The eon:lest continued, clueing at nightfall,
with our troops in posseeeion of their own ground,
The,object of the fight having been attained, and
as thd detention of the rebels had enabled our train*
to get all in the advance, our troops fell back during
the night, anti early on Tuesday morning reached
Knoxville, Where a general battle is expected to be
fought to-morrow:
Yesterday the rebel advance guard attacked oar
outposts upon the London and Clinton roada, and
heavy skirmishing was continued all day.
This morning the attack was resumed, when the
fog which , had set in during the night had lifted.
The rebel! finding it impossible to drive out men
with infantry, brought several guns into poeition,
and pound in a flartkingtire. In the afternoon they
brought forward a heavy force of infantryonee more,
and after a brief skirmisb, , charged our position., A.
terrific hand-tceband conflict occurred, both sabres
end revolvers being used on both aides ; our men
fought with the greatest gallantry, but at last were
compelled to fall hack about a third of a mile to a
strong line, which-they hold tonight. /We have to
regret the wounding of General Sykes, of the ea
%%airy, who commanded the outpost. His condition
is critical. •
Lieutenant Colonel Smith, of the 20 , h Michigan,
was killed at Campbell's Station. Our loss in that
fight was between 200 and 300. Our loss to-day will
nut exceed 150. -
The enemy's loss on-Monday, owing to the severe
lire of our artillery, could not have been less than
1 ; 000. Their loss tn.day is estimated at MO or 60.).
aeneral Shackelford 'had a brisk fight on Sunday
with the rebels, on the other side of the Holstere„
three nudes from here. He kept the enemy in checlir
and at night they disappeared. Odr men are in the
beet of spirits, and perfectly confident of success to
morrow.,
Desertlions from the RebelA:Tray Frequent,.
Glijamerroooa, Nov, 19.—The desertions frornthe
rebel army are now mOrentlineroile.thall ftl any
P....t-ce we expulsion of Bragg from•Xiddle Tennessee.
The demoralization of the rebels increases daily.
- On tie - other hand, Grant's troops are all in splendid
roenlistments in the veteran corps are more
numeral il than wairea - pplted, and good authority
says that not less than four•ilairofzthe-entise force
- •
•
will enter the army for the - neWterm.
All is quiet, and the weather - fine and cool.
Awn Of ME POTOMIC,
A SKIRMISH ON THE RAPID AN
CsxueLoweLacA.l33.g.
Half of 'Lee's Army Retiottato . be Falling
Back to liclunonii.
The Otitel, 4 llll,lf &One ab - cra,rd
Masnaoloiburg. •
WASHINGTON', No —Tbe intelligence received
from the Army of the-Potomac to-night, is that a
cavalry skirinieh tieiiveerf about two hundred rebels
and a portion of the 18th Pennsylvania Cavalry took
place Yesterday' morning at GerManla ford t on
the Rapidan: The rebels crossed the river, when
our men fell back npon our infantry pickets. The
lose was small, hut some of our men were captured.
There are frequent reviews and division drills, the
country and the weather being favorable for such
purposes.
Rundiedsof contrabands could be profitably em
ployed in the Army of the Potomac, as drivers, &c.
In one artillery brigade alone a - sufficient number of
soldiers are employed as wagoners and teamsters to
men a six-gun battery, for mint of nag-roes.
Last evening some cannonading was heard in the
direction of the Rapidan, south of Culpeper, but no
particulars had been received when the messenger
.left the army, this afternoon. •
No sutlers are yet granted trauspOrtation for
stores to 'the army. A few Occasionally find their
way out, butare !table to arrestand the confiscation
of their goods.-
The-pasmasters. are busy in the proper diacharge
of their duties in almost if not !ill the army corps: :
A tug-boat, which arrived at the Navy Yard to
day, brought a torpedo of two sections, containing
about fors y pounds of powder, provided with a fric
tion time-fuse and piston.
It wai found floating down the James river. The
tin canisters arnnow, and owing to the peculiar con-
Struction of the machine, it was doubtless intended
to accomplish its work by striking against (meet our
vessels:
The Alexandria Gazelle says that a lot of prism
nets at,Point Lookout, who were to be sent by the
steamer`Which left this place on Tuesday morning,
were stopped at the wharf by an order from the
mi
litary authorities here. _
[Epecial Despatch to the New York-Times.]
WAsnixoTon, Nov. 18 —Lee is falling back to -
Hanover Junction, with one-half of his army, as a
protection for Itichmond. The other half has gone
toward Lynchburg, to reinforce or protect the re
treat of the force sent against Burnside.
[ep.cial•Deepatch to the I.vexting Post .1
W.A.antoratt, Nov. 19.—The rebel guerillas are -
growing very bold in Virginia. They have captured
several sutlers and citizens at Falls Church, in Fair
fax county, but a few railea.front Washington.
The story-that Lee has fallen back from the Rapi
dan is doubted here.
RET4BS FOR OUR Suarinirre MEN IN Sorrrit
aux Pnisons.—Every assurance that the case ad•
Mita of has been given to the United States Chris.
tlan'Cornmission, that stores gent to our Union suf
ferent,Tin Richmond prisons,,reash,them.
General Meredith; United States- Commissioner
of .exchange, at gortreisMOnroe, engages to receive
all that is sent to his care - by'exnress prensid and
send them under flag, or truce to City Point.
• - - •
_,..,
L00L131:0621033er Gulp gives written assurance that
ley will bericeiVed,WCity Point, and delivered
to-titinritonersito wllOnt. they 'are directed.
_ . .._
General Neal Dow -anti other reltable men in the
prison will reoeiveand diairibute whatever it cent
to them among theisfeilove•prieoners. The price&
ere write_ that they receive them.
Thephgatian gommisafeinia arranging, and hopes
eooratio have itsOiCp.. — deiegites - ihire to receive and
diktriblrte all it cends,`. and to do whatever Meg can
tdrelieve are‘tienefit the suffering.
A islaveholderYs InZientoTy.
[Froth - the &idea Journal-]
Robert Toombs once said that he'Wel - uld "hall the;
roll" of his slaves on Bunkerlllll, hut he has not yet
doze it, and if he has all hitbeindmensafe in Georgia
doubtless considers himself fortunate. The tables are
now turned on the slaveliiilders, aul'socie of them
foil to retain possession even of their " rolls " while
the chattels are, rejoicing. in newly-fonad f reedom. - :
VG e have before - us the - roll of a Louisiana plantation,
in whichrthensWites, ages, value, and quell Etc &Mao of
ninety eight negtoes; Who were once the property
and pride of tome lordly planter, are set forth with
mercantile exactness. lt is an interesting relic of
thew "Firbarlsra Thurallina. The high-,
istrated Wave was "Lyons," thirtyctive years,
hld, and valued at s2.,ooo—"driver,-,faithful, trust
worthy, good planter." The next was "Henry,"
33 yenta of see, and "chief plotighthan," who was
Valued at $l,BOO, and" for whop. $2,000 had been re
fused. Good ploughmen appeay, to hive command•
ed fir:strata prices, as seve.W.-Who are rated as ex._
eellent workmen are" appraised at $1,200 to stfioa
..esch. One poor fellow; ." Anthoey," 50 years old,
and consumptive, has his value expressed thus-000--
while, " Lindor" a patriarch of 80 years, is set
down as " wort hless." Sotrie of the negroes were
evidently. versatile, and could "turn their hand to
more than one. thing." Thus, "Addeo," worth
$1 500,,Was " a good ploughman, oxcart driver, field
hind ;•" Arb quire," "field hand; sugar maker;"
" a , "cooper, ploughman,-field hand ;"
t s Qua," a " bricklayer end fiehrpitad."... "Jacob"
stands on the inventoryi "trainable negro, good
engineer and carpenter, eine worth $l,OOO, al
though fifty.five years old•:;.".tewis " *ea a " tleld
hino and horse. doator o!fiferisure" was a "good
gardener, very industrious? . butvalaed at only eloo,
for he was seventy•tive years old, and the time had.
molly come for ..him to "lay down de shovel and de.
hoe " Kasen ", wise a "harness maker;" "Reu
ben "'was "blacksmith, engineer, ploughman—valor ,
He" and eet-down at $1,600.- All.these" were very
suitable occupations for men ; but:on coming to the
Olasaification of the women, wir'finct 'that Adele,
l Agathe,_ Charlotte, Caroline,.Daysa,' Bleonore,
}lances, Tane, and a dozen others are set down as
_"field -hands ," and, of course, requiredto labor in
- the field, while Esther " mieds sheep and hop."
hisiliume is described as a "valuable-hospital nurse,
a good physician," and worth': 411100. Rachel. is
"good field band, has sevetalChildren," which latter
fact no doubt was a greatjeschninendation to her
master. Of thirty-onst-avomen. on the phintation,
only rive wets serviceable" any working capacity ,
except as "field. handa;" according to the record.
The black " wemtinis'sphere" at the Soethis natiroue
and hard. The whole nifiety.eighte aegroes were
valued at $76,100. . .f Added ;to this list of the " live
stcek'i. of the estate a memorandum :of " fifty-Ave,
melee' and 'hair oxen," 'which shows in
WhaVeategorrthd , slaves were classed. They were
pranunted the brutes that perish;" - •
Tll*Fthjr cfc never sueeeee Well' in colonization •
04 , Viiiornite" netted • for such. ooridillon by thei r
lover- et:lM ,desotion to war. llinden*Liouise Val
41=0,,,ilkijKlecent work - "on erie,ray,ll4o,., run.
111rty ..coneatiirts, swindlers, :/oreitss, '.a - cougiers.
Ulteituttle, form the bulk or the