THE - PRESS , .
PUBLISHED DAILY, (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED,)
JOHN W. IrORAEY.
OFFIQ NO. 417 OREi3TNUT FITREIST
DAILY PRESS.
TWELVE CENTS PER WEEK, Vayable to the Carrier.
Mailed to Bubsorthere out of the City at Six DOLLARS
f!rryi.
,!twiront, FOUR DOLLARS WOE illuaT NIONTES,
TERSE DOLLARS von Six Molina — invariably in ad-
Vanua for the time ordered.
-WEEKLY PRESS.
Mailed to itutiortberta out of the City. at Tuusx DOL
LARS PER ANNUM. ill WIVSMOUt
CiO3IISIISSION HOUSES.
SHIPLEY, HAZARD, & HITTOITENSON,
1.12 CHESTNUT ST ,
COMMISSION MERCHANTS
FOR THE SALE OF
PHILADELPHIA-MADE
GOODS.
WASHINGTON MILLS,
FORMERLY BAY STATE MILLS
SHAWLS of all eines in great warletr.
Rini:awed end Pnnted TABLE COVERS.
UNION BEAVERS and BROAD CLOTHS,
BALMORAL SHIRTS.
DOESKINS. and Double and Twisted COATINGS.
8-4 : SACKINGS, and Herm ZEPHYR CLOTHS,
Twilled end Plain FLANNELS and OPERA FLAN
NELS.
Printed FELT 'CARPETINGS,
For sale by
FROTHGNGIIAM & WELLS,
34 South FRONT Street. sad
3d LETITIA Street.
GROCERIES.
NEW FRUIT.
BUNCH, LAYER, AND SEEDLESS RAISINS,
CURRANTS. CITRON, ORANGES,
PRUNES, FIGS, ho., d.o,
C. ROBERTS.
• DEALEIVE
FINE GROCERIES.
iudit Corner ELEVENTH and VINE Streets.
VAMELY FLOUR,
'MADE FROM nowt{ WHITE WHEAT.
O. H. MATTSON.
S. W. am. LAME and TENTH streets, son
SEWING MACHINES
WHEELER & WILISON.
Prim' ReduCed, Nov ! 1860.
SEWI.NI3. MACHINES.
rue CHESTNUT STREET —SECOND puma,
11A.RRIS' BOUDOIR
.:SEWING MACHINE.
4o.I—FOR FAMILY UBB•
Otat—A Haw MACGILNR, FOR QUILTING AND
• HEAVY WORK.
&than. from twopsoola without the trouble of re
winding, end roue with little_or no noise, , _
N F A inargOrE ARC H
"Little , F itt i r le . !gar
LOOKING GLASSES.
A.4 OOIIING-OLABI3/18,
0'A.99.T14ar.1.:1..4(9411: 4 •i:k1•.1
ENGRAVINGS.
OIL PAINTENIIIB,
aeltss s. SABLE & sox,
taire -- Arimg. MANUFACTURERS. WHOLE
. SALE AND RETAIL DEALERS.
CABLES' GALLIRIES,
Ile CHEMIN FINSS V
8`; JEWELRi,
THE BEST GOLD =:JEWELB ' —THE
BEST GOLD JEWELRY. i'
OT _,.1 1,
LARGE OONSIGNM AN ENI O F OLD ANOV!ATED
A BROKEN
UP . A BROISEN.-lIF , ,
A DINNEEN-UP. A BROKEN UP '
' MANUFACTURER.
NoUslYStdasdt.Gslt dr 9 tit JewelrY sold in our &tsar
TiN - IT rs -. _ IT Is . 1T IR
AL GEQUlrttg GOLD, AND .pLATED GOODR.
DEAN & CO.'S . • . 1 4 , 151 N &. C 0.13
. , DEAN & 00.'8 D EAN lc CO. 'd
ORIGINAL $l ORE.
No. 33 CHESTNUT Street.third slots below Fourth,
, LOOK O&
01 4... AT'lel.f,rl2l 9 ET lll9lo NEW'.
itrimo worfe6flxiisaf F cHAlNs, ke.
. •
B ALI, FUR. di BAOH,. ,„
kWh, ands rplendid assortment of Jewelry to be sold
without re rd to cost.'
YQUR OROICE FOR Si FACIE.
Thil following het oompttees some of the artloles sold
at this establishment for El each. it being impossible to
enumerate them all in circular form. Call and examine
for yonnelves: .
iris Size and Splendid Cameo Nets, General Aetna
uses
E. . di.; do. Lava d0_.... Ito 0 2tr
• do.' do. • Carbuncle seta-- Bto 30.
Ladies' Enamelod and Coral do— 7to Iti
Do: do. do. and Ctirbunole d 0...... 7to 30
E. * do. - do end Ruby d 0. . -...... 7to 80
. Gold oluster Grave Setting Sets do—.lo to so
,- • do. do, ' lime - • do. do --.10 to So
1
o. - do. do. Jet Set ' do. CIO ......... IS to IS
o. - do. Black Mown* do. do.—. 6to is
o. do., Gold-stone Mosaic do. do -........ dto 17
. do. Calico Seta ... do. do.---.' 6 - to . IS
. Cbtel Twists , with brilliants d 0,:......- 6to 16
. gust Bets, new style do. d 0.....:.... Bto 20
rt. Enamelled °luster do. do.' do 10 to 30
Over NO other 'different , styles Ladle.% Jewelyr, Me-.
dalions, all et l eg patterns, and eine; Lockets of every
description; G old Vens,l4 karat. With Silver Extension
Holder' Got Pencils, Gol' Thimbles,- Plated Silver
Ware. Sleeve &WPM, Studs, &s, k 0.; ., Corgi. Lava.
Cameo, and Bend Sracielets; Gems , Yea Deems war
ranted to wear for ,tem years .withotit' changing color,
and Will stied the sot. They are'ususily sold by
Jewaiterstalteoild P old ahainc ll made in Foie.- Yon
can labeyour'obotee for 611 eaoh. Ladies ' and Gents ,
Geard - Clatting; 81'each, usually sold by jewellem at from
pa to 11119 *soh; ,Ladies' god Children's Neck Chains,
beautria pattern.; Armlets, brilliant, enamelled, and
ruby • eettmge I Cromer, !dam and enamelled. for Si_,
*soh; retail "Noes Rom SIS to 9129 each Every stYle
and variety.oflewelry and dimmable goods for Pt each
Thle.eale, at the above • prices, will 'continua long
enough to sell .our immense stook . which was pur
chased. 'At, ft treat sacrifice from mancifsetuters ,who ,
nave railed. • • • - .
Call end see the bast stook of boods in. philidelidos.
Terme esetn, -Take your choice rSI each. .
No eldest° exceed one dozen anyone kind m ..
goods
at the
• above rives, notes* at our Irbil at ao.
No. 316:ONEtTNITIlltriet, Philadelphia.,
To those who order goods by mail, must send 16 mints
extra. to mu postage on a single article' on. twdarti.-
Wes 16 cents. and 9 cents on each additional article.
PINE WATC4 'REPAIRING.
10160N8 'HAVING .FINS WATOOZS
P
liar hive hitherto eiveu no iatiitsoticui to the
wearily
„are invited to bring them to our More;_where
all deNele aga, tie • reaiedled by thoroughly HUM and
goiennle,morimeea,ead.the watch warranted to give
entirrinatiefaotion.,
Mantel .Ctoekm„ Mutest oarefhlly.. put le,
.eooelsteerd ar FAßß & BROTHER,
Inuct ta riat Watcher. BtltURCI_Si Boxes. Clams, &o.;
3114 tavirrgi UT h treat, helot/ Fourth.
FARB.
- •
F 1131115 - FT.JRSI
GEORGT F. WOMRALTH,
NIA. 411 k AND 417 Altall STICKET.
Ito ewer Optnt • •
A 'FULL ABSORTIC4gT
e 1 i
LADIES': .
To trttiok the attention of the Pnb ois invited. 00-dm
!grimy- PUBLICATIONS.
Nrcv -MEI:A(7AL BOOKS.
AMERIOA,N.
I. Lyon* Band.mook of Hospital Practice;
2. Letdri Hyman Anatomy.
2. Hodges Themes Peen'larsto Women. •
4. Borderj Medics)
on the Reation.
b. Altha ediold Kleotripity,
e. Xing', Quackery Unnumik.
7. HMIs Yookot Anatomist.-
FOHNION.
I. Desire Phyiiohginal Chef/linty,. •
L Virchow s'Oenalar ~.Patholculy. •
a. Thudionm'a PathelesY of tkll Urine.
4. Morel's MOZIISi of BUlpart
a. Angina' Itipanstive Process.
2 Parkiel Composition or the Orme.
Sir_foreign Medics' and Htuentitlis Henke imported to
American'rifedtq l Work"; new and old
ON, on
hand. NiiAKIBTON, •
Pnb ahem:
fals 22 SOUTH SIXTH 420 above Chestnut. ,
17:: G. EVANS ) GIFT,BOOR. STORE,
ILN• 140.4 39 OftEBTNUT Street-
BOY 'VOW/ BOOKS AT EVATOY:
All 'BOOM are old ae oheap an at any other store, and
jog hay.e the advalitage of receiving a handsome Sift
I T U ll '" 441 :1 1 44' fil z tnias. cop..
of all the Otanditatilooki In every , oepartment of Lite , -
rebut, telOther At. Tl ßE Boom r
410 ilibbd,
with
a 0 ift word' from One to
One Handrod Dollars with each.
Detonatorduo as high reputation already
hes - owed ryes own asitenwiss, ws ehatkpresest to our
angSCOOr• • oupoAor quality and greater aseartenent.e
outs. 40 ktillefore, and guarcialtid to Om satu
ficti"!-- .' REMBMBER.
Than 4Veryeanaser ti Book - . to the mnount of
el or riplintr , will - receive n
hegfzli le
sent,
whereby the
tk4lt 811littf OF ONE.
And in many inatenot, t •it nt
received will be a
lheastree fold the itninnunt~ad.
TO TILL - - ,r9OOF.
Calf in; and one eurohsson ill assure Too that the hest
Fla" i t ie ! mLY
°WTI3O7 k TAM." .114ENT,
' • • N0...449 GRES UT Street, Esiladelehia,
litre {erg inviting theuhf are resseotrony invited
to nail and . =amine the large aolligotion of Books.
.
. .
BOOK: *UYEKS.---Otentlemen: I lune
411CPAtrifregririfir t e h r.Vegtg: iiiie,f
qs(a. I vs hit MO Oril done at the 011r-0111
AVOITZBOO kand 1 old and new Law ton Milk
es s pc. rave ro r sale upwards a lt , i, old
tam za,,_l Boots printed priori.° the year 1 1 9% Al.',.
a MO,O Snapp on the New Testamsat, a vols.,ftto,
in UK Hi Mk
rive M. L Val allodeal in Engraving'
4
ani,..„,,,,k.._Persorm at a dustanoa wishing to sell
sad odd to upon Asnenna wanted.
mo wn! .
ondstobeettiess.ir Pamphlet Law s aisejdr,lannd.ing
selkilei , ='• ' - - - • - JOHN CAMPBELL.
Ppldr-tRANDy lib's superior ,
Ugh*. 'of fieorili, nook Broady, foy sale bY
_ - . 0, C. ABLER &CM,
MIME /03 &Run Street Mama door above Front.
VOL. 4.-NO. 143.
THE WEEKLY PRESS.
A NEW VOLUME
TIEN WEEKLY PRESS will enter neon e New Ile
ums with the Nevi Year.
To sortznerely,tbat our parer ban boon suooestfull
would be to give far too weak and indefinite an idea
of our position—for, not only has
THE WEEKLY PRESS
been established on a senora and permanent foundation,
but it is, in reality, a marvellous example of the degree
of favor which a rishtlr-onndunted
LITERARY, POLITICAL, AND NEWS
JOURNAL
oau TOOSIVe at the hands of a liberal and enlightened
public. Our most grateful thanks are tendered for the
Patronage already bestowed upon ue, and we shall spare
no efforts which may serve to render the paper even
more attractive. useful, and popular in the future.
The POLITICAL course of THE WEEKLY PRESS
need not be enlarged upon here. Independent, deay
and fearless. it itas battled, unwaveringly and zealous
ly, in defence of the
RiGHTS OF THE PEOPLE
against EXECUTIVE USURPATION, and unfair and
tyrannical legislation; ever declaring and adhering to
the doctrine that POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY consti
tutes the fundamental basiSof our free institutions, and
that the intelligence and patriotism of our citizens wil
always be preservative of a wise, just,and salutary Gos ,
ernment. These are (the principles to which THE
WEEKLY PRESS has been committed, and to these it
will adhere.
OUR NEWS COLUMNS
will coahnue to be subject to unremitting care and
attention, and all diligence be employed to make this
paper a compendium of all the principal events of inte
rest which transpire at home and abroad.
The LITERARY character of TEE WEEKLY
PRESS. now universally acknowledged to be of an ele
vated stamp, elan 'not only maintain its present high
standing, but shall be enhanced by important and valua
ble contribution' from able writers. Dooming PURITY
or MORALS the great safeguard of private happiness and
publio prosperity, we shall carefully exolude from our
column, everything which may reasonably be objected
to on the store of improper tendency. The fields of
Pine literature afford sufiloient material to make an AC
CEPTADLE FAMILY NEWSPAPER. containing all
the elements of excellence, without a single °Wootton
able line t and the proprietor of the THE WEEKLY
PRESS may justly claim that no head of a family need
hesitate to let its columns go under the notice of any
member of his household.
The, general features of the paper, in addition to its
POLITICAL AND NEWS DEPARTMENTS, will be
Poetry, Sketches. BiograYly," and Original and So.
lasted Tales; ohoien for their lessons of life, Illustra
tions of history, depioture. k of manners, and general
merit—and adapted, in thew* variety. to the testes of
both sexes and all ages.
COMMERCIAL DEPARTMEN T.
Due care will be taken to furmeh our renders with
correct and reliable reports of the produce and cattle
markets, made up to the latest hour,
In a word, it will be the eadeevor of those concerned
to make TEE WEEKLY . PRESS continue a favorite
FAMILY JOURNAL, embodying all the characteristics
of a oarefully-preSared newspaper.
iffir Subscriptions are respectfully solicited. To those
who tomatoes patronising the " WEEKLY PRESS."
promptitude in forwarding their orders for the New
iformms is earnestly recommended, as, from present
indications, it le believed that large as the edition may
be which will be printed, it will not long be in our power
to furnish , beak rummers, in which case disappointment
mustociour.
One Copy,pne 82 00
Three Copies, one year.— --. 0 00
Fria Copies, one --. 800
Ten Copies, one year.-12 00
Twenty Coping, to one address, at the rate of
elper annum—......—,..... . 20 00
Twenty Copies, to one address of eaoh rub
sortber 24 00
Any person sending no a Club of Twenty or more, wil
be entitled to an extra copy. We continue to send THE
WEEKLY PRESS to Clergymen for 81.
- Specimen Copieir will be forwarded to those who re
quest them.
Subscriptions may commence at any time. Terms
always cash, in milvanoe. All letters to be addressed to
JOHN W. FORNEY
No. 417 CHESTNUT STREET,
1 2 .7r11T, A- r) LP73I .A.
riulbd•ifkla
THE NEW ,
,JOE PRINTING OFFICE
"THE PRESS"
1, prepaid to emote neatly, olomply, end expeditions!,
PLAIN AND ORNABDINTAL PRINTING.
PAMPHLET,
BLANKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION
POSTERS,
AUOTIONEEAS, LA WYERS,
MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS,
RAILROAD AND INSURANCE COMPANIES
AS! qtdara loft at. the 'Pubbastion Office of The
Prith N 0.417 CHESTNUT street, will be promptly
atteadod to.
rum AND CHEAP BREAD,
biABurAuTuRBD By THE
MECHANICAL BAKERY,
• eAel 11 oBTAINID AT Tall NOLLOWIXT
PLACES:
MECHANICAL BAKERY, B. W. corner of Broad and
Vine streets.
street, below
ftioNElL.—Sixth and
JATHO ASON,— —..........N'aeliVtnifthstreet.
JOHN q. No. 1121 Vine streeß
T. P. laildlT L —..—.N0.111 North Fifth street.
• S.' , E.
corner Fifth and
iiiltaW. W. MATHEWS.—.—riZenth and
L rt e rstaelow
Wel.
eg94431; GARVlN........— r itit n .hl9 Lombard street.
D. ,W. corner Sixteenth
WM Xi a o i neli ne ggit a lwelfrit
treat.
b. H.WANANAXFAL--.......Fid oral street, above
Fourth and
nolilimi., ••• —S. o.no s g:elligtenth an
DAM EtabbLER..........-..N c o l . g ig i gigt Eleventh
street.
street, below
n St.
11. S. Th°m TO ow ft or t reet h Front
atre
H. —..—. S. corner of Seventh
F. MORRIS. rtrikr r . = t eT e l s ;nth and
E. 13:TURnilt,—. AVIR,o 'V e nt Front
str et.
Broad and
THOS. W. BLEST OirrreVirgagith treat
B. 5. //OWN N an . e dit q nle a r ve rt u n e en and
Federal streets. .
.5113INTYRF Twelirecond street, ab.
ALEX. FirLLARTON.--CeniegkFiftli and Okla-
MRS.& Coates street
D. F. & Ti W. WOLF—.....MOlrard avenue.
WhygoORAOKEN— —Hee Hamilton street.
G. G. isc i orroi; of Twelfth
JULIUS ---.8. 41 - 1 4.*:.;;Trf ri gfrteenth
• Parrish t"
M. NIPPES eortrnun n
and Green street.
KIM F. W. corner Tenth and
J. L. Osn ''` d e s e n n t a ll. e store 110
Wil,ll , tilLtiphia,adthst.
X. I.'l/Jl34F:l4uni road.
Penns, JOENlAAßAtT.4—.:..i,..;.—...Tr i tmont and Pine Grovel
sido.l. l iOWNSENO.....—.Wetttester,Fenr.a
Citr,ll. J. ,
D. HigtTO.N— Floremoe. N. J.
EBOLELN Columbia, Pa,
iell4l • 1,.
T'S
WA. HIAWATRA R' AIR RESTORATIVE ,
• ' Is warranted la every instance to
I RESTORE GRAY IiAIR
1711 011,101NAL COLOR..
hat boon applied
- IN TROITSAIVDS OF OASES _
,
In theirrino4al cities di New England, and H A S NOT
FAILED in a Jingle lestrinee tooooompilsia
all that is Maimed for it.
No Bair Is to Orly or Red but - the II lAWATHA
change it to a beautiful and life-like Brown and. Black.
It is not an instantaneous dye.whioh ()rooks. smite,
and gives a dead .black voter to the hatr,the prttient.
i
having to stibrait, to seeping. leashing, and @pinging of
the hair eyery time tis applied; nor is it a preparation
of inlpbur, sugar of lead, ate.; nor of any ingredients de
later-lows to tbe hair or skin. It is an article requiring
no. pre p( e ion, mi
sit e s
ti
applied flue b grdewlrth a lrii:tantl, , g)l:
spit reolldellratiriorstliti fhb
...e le p_ration ' declare it la
mirecniorta itNeireote,aelthatit will perform all that
it proton& Ur CIO '-486.110ris otorial,
• Ite aucceise tilirtraderful, =A we can only sal we an
dorm) all the proOrlotorroom regard to rt."—tßotton
Journal. •
•c we observe. by not ide in Beaton paper, that a
ti• i issuium was awarded by the Messaohusetto Mechanics
hargitable Arisomatida, at - their late F air , , Boston, to
r. Reit, Of this city, for his core - bulged • Hia
watha Hair Kestorattve,'sn article which noblymerit
ed this - Diver. 'tares for itis - superior merits in this re
silient that thrfoornmittee, after sufficient evidence pre-
eentedd to themselvog, awarded to Mr. lion this flatter
ing testimonial."-1 rovideUce 'Evening Prete.
For sale by the principal Druggists in Philadelphia,
and throughout the country. JON). HOYT.. Pro
tirietor, No. 4 MATIIEWSON Bt., Providence , R.
Jag-im
MARTIN & QUAYLE'S •
STATIONERy. TOY, AND FAIIOY GOODS
- •E M.POI2I UM
10a WALNUT BTRKBT, •
BALOW
teli•lal7 PKIADELPRIA
. .
. .
, ,11:1;rt(f*-.,
r..-,'.44:41..%,-4,.., •
(...- (..
'
41 '‘,.. `.., \\ S o i /// ," 111 - , ' le.al' ',... ! . ...,: , ,,:1;• 'tel . 12
:',.., .. .
. „
(e; /:\''..'' " 0 , AY ,. 5...7 . .-'.j.:.:---'i /..,-,..r
'. .-.......,'
.:Z'....'„,
:,,..; --------''.____.... '..f, ::. ::;,'.
...:. , L.
i. ,.
:,. ___
e. ) ., Ili ,7,„,-.4,-- 1 .,---.. 0
_.....„.
:
•
. ,
, 111 , „,,...• ~., _......----... ~.,..__•,___ .- 1 ,...„----,.. ,T.. 4 •-„,p,„., s ,iirl.__. ~.x.r.,___.-1-1,
~.
..„.4,.....,,,y, ...v
, ...., _ _ ,_ _
,
. ,_ .L.. , •
_
_ ., , a ,,,,0,-. _. ,41 r4i . i , -.., :;7 .,.... -.:,.. : ,,.. i ,„ 1 ,... . ._ , - ~,,,., ..__ _
~ ...1 -..- -.0 0 ~n- , ~,A A ; :.,, _
.1,1 . :6- -..i., Ae . ~,1 , ..„..,,,,,- ~ .
•,.:—.--- ---,-. ar
..".-
• ,
~,, - • ---- -'4 , , ,“, - ,-.„ - : , .- . ,:i , • 1 16g10., - - ~.... : ;,.., ~ '-- '''.° MIL.. °I ''''
- - 1 -' '-'.
'-' '-)-- - '.e . '+•-•••' • ----- ---.
._ ~ „. ........ , ...s - -A------- --__ - ---V..4 -,,,.. - - , -.,..Cfiej.-- -- - ------.,--
_
......._ .....,__
.„.,
- ...,,
.--._ ~...
~....
. .
TERMS
JOB PRINTING.
PAPER BOQKB,
OIROULAREI,
BILL lIIUDB,
JIANDHLLLS,
LABELS
?RIOTING FOR
MECHANICS, BANKS,
BREAD.
tip ;liress+
WEDNESDAY. JANUARY IG. 1861
The China Question Settled.
Full particulars have been received of the
terms upon which Lord Elgin and Baron Gros,
respectively representing England and France,
have concluded a peace with China. We have
already enumerated the leading conditions—
namely, the Emperor's apology for the past;
permission for European Ambassadors to re
side in Peking ; doubling the former money
indemnity ; the opening of Tien-tsin to trade;
full permission for Chinese subjects to emi
grate; the cession of Kowloon to England;
the immediate operation of the Treaty and
Convention; the immediate promulgation of
both; the continuance of the troops in China
until the greater part of theindemnity be paid.
There is also a payment, exacted and made on
the spot, of $500,000 to the families of the
British subjects arrested; on the 18th Septem
ber, when under the protection of a flag of
truce. The sum paid to France, for the same
outrage to her subjects, is 1,600,000 francs,
equal to $300,000. The indemnity to be paid
to France, under the new arrangement, is 60,-
000,000 francs. England gets $10,640,000,
From this is to be deducted $2,660,000 to bo
appropriated to the indemnification of the Bri
tish Mercantile community at Canton, for losses
sustained by them. The balance, amounting
to $7,980,000, goes towards liquidating the
war-expenses of England.
As these expenses, up to the first of Sep
tember, amounted to £10,000,000, (about
$50,000,000,) and the amount actually to
come back to the British Treasury is only
£1,600,000, (or $7,980,000,) it is likely that
John Bull will greatly grumble at having got a
very small quantity of glory at such a very
great cost. Lord Elgin, communicating with
the British Government, thus justifies his mo
deration : "I hold on this point the opinion
which is, I believe, entertained by all persons,
without exception, who have investigated the
subject, that, in the present disorganized state
of the Chinese Government, to obtain large
pecuniary indemnities from it is simply im
possible, and that all that can be done practi
cally in the matter, is to appropriate such a
portion of the Customs' revenue as will leave
to it a sufficient interest in that revenue to in
duce it to allow the natives to continue to
trade with foreigners. It is calculated that it
will be necessary to take fbrty per cent. of
the gross Customs' revenue of China for
about fbur years, in order to• procure pay
ment of the indemnities already claimed by
Baron Gros and me, under instructions from
your Lordship and the French Government."
Small as the indemnity is, its amount is more
by $1,000,000 than was guaranteed by the
Treaty of Tien-tsin, in July, 1858.
Tho mode of payment is an important con
sideration. It was arranged thus, et at Tien
tsin on or before the 80th day of November,
the sum of 500,000 taels; at Canton, and on
or before the Ist day of December, 1860,
333,833 taels, less the sum which shall have
been advanced by the Canton authorities to
wards the completion of the British factory
site at Shameen ; and the remainder at the
ports open to foreign trade, in quarterly pay
ments, which shall consist of one-fifth of the
gross revenue from customs there collected,
the first of the said payments being due on
the 81st day of December, 1860, for the quar
ter terminating on that day."
The residence of Ambassadors in Peking—
ivhich turns out to be the mere "sham" of a
city—has always been a sore point with the
Chinese. It is conceded now, but to insure
it, the Allied Armies should continue in their
present quarters, until the diplomatic repro
sentatives of France and England are duly
and honorably installed as residents in Peking.
Tho European Times of the 29th alt. says : It
would have been as well, we think, to have
waived this article of the treaty; but having
insisted on it, we aro now bound to see it
carried out, and to do this effectually the pre
sence of Lord Elgin appears to be essential.
The probability is, that had Lord Elgin re
mained when he was there before, the treaty
of Tien-tsin would have been ratified without
bloodshed, the disaster of the Peiho avoided,
and the present war rendered unnecessary:
All the blundering commenced when our Pie
nipptentiary returned home. This ought to
be sufficient to induce him to stay, and thus
prevent, as far as possible, fresh complications,
should they unhappily arise."
Three or four French and twenty-six British
subjects, captured by the Chinese, while pro
tected by a flag of truce, were most cruelly
treated. Lord Elgin's letter to Prince Kung,
the Emperor's brother, says : it Of the total
number of 26 British subjects seized in de
fiance of honor and of the law of nations, 13
only have been restored alive, all of whom
carry on their persons evidence more or less
distinctly marked of the indignities and ill
treatment from which they have suffered, arid
18 have been barbarously • murdered, under
circumstances on which the undersigned will
not dwell, lest his indignation should find vent
in words which are not suitable to a commu
nication of this In addition to the
indemnity ($500,000) paid for this cruelty,
the English 'deter : mined to destroy the Empe
ror's Summer-Palace, situated a few miles
from Peking, and said to be the rnos€ magnifi
cent building (or buildings, for it centrists of
a series of palaces, each in its own superb plea
snre-grorinds,) and this was done, because, in
that "Celestial" abode, took place the most of
tish and French subjects were subjected. The
the wanton cruelties to which the captured Bri
value of the palace and its splendid furniture
and adornments cannot have been less than
froM ten to twelve million dollars.
The island of Chusan; occupied by the
Britplb, has been surrendered. Many political
and commercial authorities have thought it
should have been retained. The Times says:
as We believe it would be only a vexation and
an expense, and the French seem to have
been of the same opinion. It is a beautiful
island, and has a fine harbor, but it is much
more profitable to use it than to possess it."
The sixth article of the Treaty of Peking,
however, give's England a substitute. It seems
that tKowloony in the province of Kwang-
Tung, (of which Canton is the capital,) was
leased, some time ago, to Mr. Parkes, the Chi
nese int'erpreter attached to the British Lega
tion. It is a small peninsula, (marked on
some of the. Chinese maps as Kinlung,) oppo
site the northern part of the island of Hong-
Kong. Hero it was that the English troops
encamped; last slimmer, during their stay in
the smith Of China before they marched to
the north. The few miles of coast ceded to
the English on this point are insignificant as
rdgards extent, but they afford a situation
much more salubrious than that of the town of
Hong-Kong. It is now a refuge for the pi
rates and for the worst characters among the
Chinese population of Hong-Kong. The Eng
lish will probably build a town there, from its
aalubritnis climate and convenient position.
Its acquisition, under the new Treaty, may go
looked upon as theft& entrance of the Bretish
wedge.
Finally, comes the question—what Is the
value of the Treaty of Peking / The Lou
don Times of December 29, says : "Properly
used, it ought to be our last extorted Treaty
with China. If we put it in operation at once,
and accustom the Chinese to its provisions
While our army and navy are still in China, we
shall have no More difficulty with them. Tins
Treaty is like a sapling ; we must guard it
round at first, or the boasts of the field will
nibble at its bark and destroy its growth; but
let it have time to strike its roots firmly into
the earth, and you may take away the rails,
for the strong trunk can protect itself, and the
same cattle which would have destroyed it
will repose in its shadows. Protect it now
against these Tartar rulers, and the Tartar rulers
will themselves protect it when they see its
fruits. Shanghae gives to Pising an annual
million of dues. The Northern ports yet to
be opened will, give as much, and if the Stath
PHILADELPHIA,- WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 16. 1861.
should remain subject to the North, quite as,
much again will arise from the ports of tho
Yang-tse."
The same authority, no doubt, expresses
the opinion of British commercialists when it
says:
" Last year the foreign trade at the port of
Shanghae alone was twenty-eight millions and
three-quarters sterling, exports and imports; and
in 1851) it was seven and a half millions. This is
the increase made in Chinese trade at one port
alone during nine years, and three-fourths of this
commerce is in the hands of British merchants.
This increase has gone on without cessation, even
while we have been at war—even while we have
been advanoing upon the capital and assaulting
the Imperial Palate. It is only a spooimen of
what will yet be done when the treaty now rati
fied is in operation. Tea will then be approach
aole in the districts where it is made, and may be
bought at a price which may osoonrage our Chan
cellors of the Exchequer to diminish the ditty, not,
perhaps, down to a vanishing point, but until tea
may become a plentiful article in the moot humble
household, and an item of expenditure of as little
importance as salt. China is all Europe; it is
more than all Europe, for it is greater)n popula
tion, in fertility, anti in communications. it is all
Europe out up by broad, navigable rivers, and re•
tionlated by canals. We have hitherto only just
looked upon the land, and drawn from it by our
agents specimens of its products; we may now go
in and enjoy. To the twenty millions of trade on
which we draw our profit at shanghae we shall
soon add other twenty millions in various other
ports, and still greater operations in those vast
cities upon the inland lakes and huge rivers."
It must not be forgotten that the general ad
vantages and privileges which Groat Britain
and France derive from this Treaty, which has
cost them so much, must also accrue, under
our American-Chinese Treaty of 1858, to the
United States. That has boon fortunately
provided for, and it will also be remembered
that as our relations with the Chinese have
been friendly, for the most part, we are likely,
in the long run, to be the most favored nation
trading with them. In their relations with us,
there is no sting, there cannot be any linger
ing enmity.
The Fine Arts--Miss Stebbins , Marbles.
During the present week there have come amongst
ns, with a rare modesty and unobtrusiveness, a few
pieces of marble statuary whioh merit more than
a passing notice. We allude to Miss Stebbins' sta
tuettes of " Labor " and -"Commerce," and her
bust of Mies Cushman, now on exhibition (tree) at
Barle'ir gallery, Chestnut street. •
We find in these little figures of " Labor " and
" Commerce" what is rarely to be found in mo
dern sculpture—a good, wholesome, honest idea,
nobly conceived and conscientiously wrought out.
They both not only chow strict technical fidelity,
but are filled with a genuine and lofty poetic truth,
While the spirit of labor and commerce in their
amilier and practical aspect, finds in them a full
and masterly expression, they are yet typos of the
labor and commerce to be. They are not merely a
jaunty, careless, graceful sailor, and a sinewy, re
solute, self-reliant miner, each with the appliances
of his craft beside him—they are the nobly-con
salons agents and representatives of the two most
vital elements of the world's political economy.
In consenting to undertake saoh a pair of sub
jects, with such appalling restrietions in the matter
of size and costume, Miss Stebbins has shown a
daring disregard of traditionary usage and con
ventional standards that gives hope for sculpture
as a hve art yet, notwithstanding Mr. Rookie's
despair. In the result of her undertaking, she fills
us with the conviction that thiei branch of art lan
guishes, only because of its dilietantism—only be
cause it daintily scorns to take hold of what is
vital and trao in this age. Greek sculpture is im.
mortal because it incorporated the genius of a
People and a Period.
The bust of Miss Cushman seems to us to be
one of the most successful instance of reel, living
portraiture in marble that we have ever seen. It
is not the imperious mistress of the stage—the
great tragedy-queen who looks out from this beau
tiful marble—the artist was too truly an artist for
that. With the subtle insight of her craft, and
more , especially, with the fine intuitions of her
own / woman's nature, she has penetrated to
sacred recesses in that great Soul whirl
the glare of the footlights has, never reached.
She hoe found something better and loftier &di
appears to tata on the stage—a strong, fervid, tender
womanly nature—earnest, humane, and sympa
thetic; and with this has she inspired the marble.
Not that she bee Ignored the more familiar obarao•
taristios either; for about the mouth, wo note the
cow:Meat energies and latent fires that have won
for Miss Cushman her supremacy on the stage.
But as these are not the best qualities of her
nature, they are made subordinate to such as ore.
And such seems to us the true historic mission of
art in portraiture—to give no eharaoter in ire
noblest condition, or its highest achievement.
Common attributes will make themselves known
somehow, bat lot art he a scared repository of only
the heroic in heroes—of only that which is greatest
is the great. For it is by the highest examples of
the highest excellence in character, thought, and
achievement, that the world is guided upward
through the ages.
As we have said above, these works aro being
exhibited free, at Barlo's gallery, and we would
advise all who aro interested in art not to fail to
sea thorn.
IVater Gas at Aurora
With some surprise wo have heard from a
citizen of Aurora, Indiana, that this city, twenty
five miles from Cincinnati, has for the last two
weeks been illuminated with gee, and this
the much-talked of "Sanders' Water Gas," the
discovery of a former citizen of Cinoinnati.
As no public notice has before been made of this
enterprise, and It is important, not only from the
foot that this is the first town lighted with the so
called " Water Gas," but from its success, pro
miaing almost a revolution in gas matters, we have
endeavored to gather some details on the subject,
or at least interesting generalities.
The efforts of the friende of this gas to intro
duce it in the publio gee of Philadelphia, and
the resistance of the companies there, whose inte
rests are identified with the coal mince, and the
final lighting up of the Girard house with success,
are facts familiar to many newspaper readers.
Mr. Add IL Sanders, the owner of the right in
Indians, desirous of trying the gas in some town,
induced Mr. Julius Severin, an enterprising me
ohanio in Aerate, and somewhat acquainted with
gas violin, to investigate personally this subject,
and the result wee, last fall, hia determination to
at once commence the erection of Water Gas works
in his own town, the right of the county being sold
to him at a mere nominal sum. An individual en
terprise, and with but limited capital, Mr. Severin
has had many difficulties to overcome, but is at
last successful , and with the prospeot (hieing Jibe
rally rewarded for his enterprise. Ills gas works,
capable of supplying the consumption of Aurora
for many years to come, have been in steady ope
ration for two weeks, produce a pure, brilliant,
and almost odorless gas. So well pleased are the
citizens, that many who had held off, fearing the
final result, aro now having fixtures placed in
their houses. At present, there are nearly five
hundred burners, supplied through seven thou.
rand feet of main pipe in the streets. This gab is
not " purified," thus dispensing with a heavy ex
pense and much labor, indispensable to the manu
facture of coal gas, yet the gas is oaid to be impa
rter to the ordinary coal gas in brilliancy. Puri
fied,. it would, of course, be much brighter. It
gives a bright and beautiful light when buret just
BB it comes from the retorts, even before passing
through the " washer."
The works are similar to those for the making of
coal gas, excepting for the prod:sr:dem of gas, with
similar pipes, fixtures '
/se. The Aurora works
contain but three email retorts, which are claimed
to be the full equivalent of a bench of six by nine
of the large coal gas retorts. In addition, there is
a steam boiler ; aloe, over the retorts, a tank for
the carbonizing material, such as rosin, erode oil,
or other material containing carbon. Water gas
works cost one-third less than coal-gas works of
the same capabilities, as we are informed, and can
be managed by one•third the number of men. In
addition to these facts, the experiment at Au
rora has demonstrated, we are informed, that the
water gee can be made much cheaper than coal
gas; it is almost odorless, the works being no of
tenet) to their immediate neighborhood; it does not
condense so much as coal gas; it does not leave de
posits of any kind in the pipes, by which they or
their meters may be affected.
These facts are certainly important enough tore
commend the "Sanders' Water Gas" to the care
ful examination of all persons, companies, and
communities interested in gas. The additional
fact, that the Aurora Works promise to amply re
ward their builder, when the limited number of
consumers would -render the ereotion of coal-gas
works there an enterprise not to bo thought of for
a moment as a payingspeculation. is suggestive of
the importance of this discovery. We are informed
that thorough estimates will soon be made of the
cost of this gas, day after day, so that the point of
its economy will be made more apparent. Although
Mr. Severin is still engaged in improving his
works, and experimenting in different carbonising
materials, we understand visitors are freely admit
ted to the works, and every facility offered them
for the examination of details relating to the pro
cess of manufacturing water gas.—Cincinnatt
Daily Commercial.
The Archbishop of St. Louis on 'The
To THE ROMAN CATHOLICS OX BT. LOU/S—Be•
loved Brethren : In the preatist disturbed atate of
the public, mind, we feel it our duty to recommend
you to avoid all docasions of public, excitement, to
obey the laws, to respect the rights of all'oltlaens,
and.sfo'keop away, as much as possible, from all
aseemblages whero the indiscretion of a word or
the impetuosity of a momentary paselon might en-
danger the public tranquillity. Obey the Injuno
lion of the apostle, Bt. Peter "Follow peaco with
all men, and holiness, without which no man can
ace God." Paran RICHARD ICZNILICK,
Archbishop of St. Louis, '
A Poon, ball-witted mother, near St.
Louis, last weok planed a feather bed over her
little baby to keep it warm, as ebe said, and smo
tbered it.
Guarantees that will Save the Union,
and_ Firmly Unite the North and South.
[For The Press.]
The folloWing series of amendments, taken al
together in a body as they stand, have been ap.
proved by snob members of the seceded States as
have setti: them, and who promised to give up sp.
cession, and return to brlng.them before the peo
ple, if the Committee in Congress will pass them.
They were compiled in Washington, after con
sultation, by Wm. Wheeler Hubbell, Esq., of the
Philadelphia bar, who is interested in property in
the South, and is well known as a lawyer, and the
inventor of tho explosive war shells of the navy.
PROPOSED AIIENDIIENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION or
Tgt EiNITND 9TAT.E9
Anricr,r, I Persona held to service or labor for
life in any State, under the laws thereof, may be
taken into any Territory of the United States south
of latitude 30 degrees, 30 minutes, and the right
to suoli service or labor shall not be impaired there
by. Aud any Territorial Legislature shall have
the exclusive right to make all needful rules and
regulations for the protection of ouch right, and of
such persona, and for the maintenance and treat
ment of &oh persons and their deeeendants,in their
dementia relations. But Congress or any Torriter
slat Legislature shall not have power to impair. or
abolish each right of Beryline in the said Territory.;
nor in any other plaoo within thojailid'etion of tho
United States, withbut the consent of all the Stator
which maintain Filch service.
Aim 11. Whorl any Territory of rho United
Staten shall hava.a population equal to the ratio
of representation fOr ono member of Congress, and
the people shall have formed a Constitution for a
republican form of government, it shall bstedniiri
ted as a sovereign State Into the finish, on an
equal footing with the other States; by the procla•
motion of the President of the United States ; and
the people may In the Constitution for such State,
either prohibit or regulate the right to labor or
service, and alter or amend the Constitution at
their will. And if the President refuses to admit
such Territory as a State, this article shall not de
prive Congress of the power t) admit snob State.
ART. M. The present right of representation in
the motion It of article I of the Constitution of the
United States shall never bo altered, adibout the
consent of all the States maintaining the right to
service or labor for life. And the regulation of the
right to labor or eervico, in any of the States, is
hereby reoognized to be exclusively the right of
each State within its own limits; and this Consti
tution shall never ha altered or amended to impair
this right of each State, without its consent: Pro
vided, That this article shall not be construed to
absolve the United States Government from ren
dering assistance to suppress insurrections or do
mestic violence, as provided in the section IV, arti
ste IV, of this Constitution.
ART. IV. The exclusive power to regulate or
abolish the right to labor or torsion for life in the
District of Columbia is hereby ceded to the State.
of Maryland. to be exorcised in ocimmon with ouch
right in that State; eul , ,jeat, nevertheless, to the
judicialjurisdietion of the District of Columbia.
Ant. V. No State shall pass any law in any way
interfering with or obstructing the recovery of
fugitives from justice, or from labor or service, or
any law of Gangrene made under Artiste IV , sec
tion 11., of this Constitution, and all laws in vio
lation of this artlelo may be declared void by the
Supreme Court of the United States at the suit of
any State.
Any, VI As a right of comity between the citi
zens of the several Staten, the right of transit with
persons held to labor or service - for life, or for
years, from one State to another, shall not be in
terfered with without the consent of all the States
maintaining such service.
Au?. Vit. Whenever any State shall grant by
law to citizens of other States the right of sojourn
for a limited period with persons told to service or
labor, if such persons escape, they shall be subject
to recovery as fugitives, under the provisions of
this Constitution, and shall be returned to the
State flow which they were brought.
ART. Yin The traffic in slaves with Africa is
hereby .forever prohibited. And tho descendants
of Afrisans shall not be made citizens.
Aar.-IX, All rota of any inhabitcnt of the
United States, tending to incite persons bold to
service or labor to insurrection, or acts of donles
tie violence, or to abscond, shall be considered, and
prohibited, as contrary to law, and a penal offence.
Anr. X. The county of any State wherein a
parson owning service or labor Is rescued from the
custody of tho owner, Iput, or officer, shall be
bound to pay tho full value of such person, for the
ties of the owner, tit th 6 suit of tbs. United Staten.
ART. Xt. Peisoini hold to service or labor for
life, under the laws or any State or Territory, shall
not be taken into any Territory of the United
States, while in a territorial condition, north of la
titude 30 degrees 30 minntes
Anr. XII. Alleged fugitives from labor or sor•
vice, on request, shall have a trial by jury at the
plane to which they may be returned.
ART. Mir. All alleged fugitives, charged with
saline committed In violation of the laws of the
Slate from which they fled, shall on demand be re
turned to each State; and shall have the right of
Itladhyjary. And if such person claims to be a
ditizen of another State shall ].,are a right of ap
peal. or of 'writ of error, to the Supreme Court of
the United States.
ART. XLV. Citizens of any State sojourning in
another State shall not be eubjeot to violence or
puriishment„nor injured in their persons or pro
party, without trial by jary, and dno process of
law.
ART. XV, No Stato, or tho people thereof, shall
rotire from this Union, without tha consent of
three.fourths of all tho States.
ART. XVI. The reserved power of tho people in
three-fourths of the States to call and form a na
tional convention, to alter, amend, or abolish this
Constitution, according to its provisions, shall
never be questioned, notwithstanding tho dirootions
in Art. V of the Constitution.
Awr. XVII. The Articles VIII, IX and Xof
those amendments shall not bo altered without the
consent of all the States maintaining service or
labor for life
To TOE PROPLE : Tho power to command and
save this Union rests with the people; The Union
cannot bo cemented with blood and the bayonet.
It must stand on Fraternity, Equality, and Jos
tles, or not at all.
The Federal flovernment has no right to make
war upon tba whole people of a State, contending
that their constitutional sights ate in process of
violation, and that their peace and security are en
dangered, and that they are seeking to place them•
selves in such a position as to preserve their rights in.
violate, in the face of the fact that their opponents i n
power maintain that their rights, which have been
In legal existence and possession for nearly a cen
tury,arenot placed upon an equal footing with other
rights, by the Constitution, for protection and en
joyment under the jurisdiction of the United States.
And while secession is not provided for in the Con
stitution, and is unlawful under the principles of
law, still it is not prohibited; and is as fully an
open question as the right to prohibit slavery in
the Territories is an open question.
The South, I have been assured, will give up the
claim to a right of secession for the safety and
equality which the proposed amendments will,
taken as a body, give them in the Union.
They are presented to the people for their con
sideration and support. They take the eubjoot of
slavery out Of Congress. They admit free labor
without competition of slave labor north of 36
deg. 30 min. They allow slave labor a fair com
petition in that section of climate and country best
suited to raise cotton, rice and sugar, in which it
can bo most profitably employed. They protect the
slave as well as the master. They forever secure
the exoluaive sovereignty of State jurisdiction over
the subject of slavery, either to aoknowledge it or
abolish it. They preserve the right of representa
tion inviolate. They preserve the right of pro
teotion from insurrections end domestic violence,
even though the slave States may bo in a minority
of lees titan one-fourth. They protect the slave
States against ;crimes tending to disturb their
publlo peace. They protect them against unoon
stitutional personal-liberty laws, by resorting to
the highest judicial tribunal of tho country, with
out subjecting their citizens, as individuals, to the
dangers of their penalties, and the expense of
their litigation. They protect the right of' tran
sit with this labor, as time and circumstances
may best promote the useful results of its appli
cation, without trespassing upon the free States.
They protect the right of recovery of fugitives,
when sojourning in a free State by its own grant
or will, and not otherwise. They forever pro
hibit the African slave trade, and prevent a
conflict between the races that would ensue from
their meeting to sot as citizens. They indemnify
the owner for any neglect of the county-police in
preventing a reme by any inhabitant. They
give the fugitive not only the hearing anti decision
under the Constitution where arrested, but also
give when returned, if he desires, a trial by a jury
free from prejudice, and where he con most easily
prove the truth. They give a eitizin of a Northern
State, who may have fled, not only a trial by jury,
but an appeal, or writ of error, as he may choose,
to the common judicial tribunal of the country,
having jurisdiction over both the law and the
facts. They protect Northern citizens from any
unlawful violence. They forever close the door of
voluntary megaton. They secure to the people
their inalienable right to alter or males the Con
stitution equable and just to all at their will,
without being dependent upon the accidental poli
tical aspect or temper of the Congress ; that is,
they place the people above the Congress, and not
the Congress above the people.
The people must save this Union by commanding
Congress by petitions showing a majority.
If that fails, then, by exorcising their reserved
sovereign "potters," as indicated by the explana
tory article XVI of those amendments, in forming
,a National Convention, including the Southern
States, nine -tenths of the people of which, I am
reliably informed, and fully believe, from my own
knowledge and interest with thorn, will be satisfied
with this proposed basis of settlement, because it
is eposilic, clear, and makes them sato, though tho
free States may acquire a majority of three
fourths.
I humbly nsk the people to assort their rights to
Congress and their Legislatures on this basis of
fraternity, briunlity, and justice, and save the
Union, °monied stronger than ever.
Respootfully submitted.
WiLLien WnEELan ilrf BunLL,
Philadolphia, Pa.
INAUGURAL ADDRESS OF
GOVERNOR CURTIN.
Having been entrutited by the people of Penn;
sylvania with the administration of ' the Executive
department of the tiovernment for the next three
years, and having taken a solemn oath of fidelity
to the Constitution of the United States, and to the
Constitution of Pennsylvania, I avail myself of
your presence to express to you, and through you
to the people of the State, my gratitude for the die-i
tingnished honor they have, in their partiality,.
oonferrod upon me.
THE POLICY TO BE PURSUED
Deeply impressed with the responsibilities and'
duties. I enter upon the office of Governor of Penn
sylvania,
with a determination to fulfil them a 1
faithfully, to the utmost of my ability. Quest.ons
of great moment, intimately connected with the
convietions and interests of the people of all parts
of the nation, now agitate the public mind ; and
some of them, from their novelty and importance,
nro left for sett.ement in the uncertainty of the
future. A selfish caution might indicate silence
as the safest course to be pursued as to these ques•
tions, by one just entering upon the responsibili
ties of high official position; but fidelity to thehigh
trust reposed in me domande, especially at this
juncture, that I yield to an honored custom, wbioh
requires a frank deolaration of the principles to
be adopted, and the policy to be pursued, during
my official term.
We have, assailed, as the , great fundamental
truth of onr political theory, that man Is capable
of self-government, and that all power dmaaates
from the people, An experience of seventy-three
years, under the Constitution of the United States,
has demonstrated to all mankind that the pimple
can be entrusted with their own political destinies;
and NO "deliberate expression kf their 31411 xhouid
furnish the rale' of conduct to their representatives
in official station. Thus appreciating their liberal
capacity for self-government, and alive to the Im
portance of preserving, pure and" unsullied as it
came from the hands of the Apostles of Liberty,
this vital principle, I pledge myself to stand be
tween it and encroachments,
whether instigated by
hatred or ambition. by fanaticism Or folly.
The policy that should regulate the administra
tion of the Government of our State, was declared
by its founders, acid is fully established by tape
rienop. It is just and fraternalin ita aims, liberal
in its spirit, and patriotic in its progress. The
freedom of speech and of tho press, the right of
conscience and of private judgment in civil and
rellious faith, are the high prerogatives to which
the American citizen is born. In our social orga
nization the rich and the poor, the, high and the
low, enjoy these equally, and flit, constitution and
the laws in harmony therewith protect the rights
of all
LIBERAL EDUCATION TO BE ENCOITRAGED
- - - • • • • • •
The intelligence of the people is one of the main
pillars, of the fabric of our government, and the
highest hopes of the patriot for Its safety rest on
enlightened public morality and virtue. Our sys
tem of common sehools will ever enlist my earnest
solioitude. . Its g rowing . wants should be met by
the Legislature i n the most liberal spirit. I feel
that I need not urge this duty. The system has
been gaining in strength and usefulness for a quar
ter of a century, until It has silenced opposition by
its beneficent fruits. It has, at times, languished
for want of just appropriations, from changes and
amendments of the law, and perhaps from ineffi
ciency in its administration; but it has surmounted
every difficulty, and islnow regarded by the en
lightened and patriotic of every political faith as
the great bulwark of Safety for our free institu
tions. The manner in which this subject is present
ed to the Legislature, by my immediateprodecessor
in his annual message, fully harmonised with pub
lic sentiment ; and his recommendation for aid to
the Farmers' High School of ' Pennsylvania meets
my most cordial approbation. Invited to the rich
prairie lands of the West, where the labor of the
husbandman to simple and uniform, when popula•
Lion has filled our valleys, it passes away from our
highland soils where scientific culture is required
to reward labor by bringing fruitfulness and plen
ty out of comparative sterility. •While individual
liberality has done much for an institution that is
designed to educate the farmer of the State, tho
School languishes for want of public atd. Au ex
perience of ten years has fully denionstrated that
the institution can be made self-sestaining; and it
requires no aid from the State except for the com
pletion of the buildings in accordance with the
original design. A liberal appropriation for that
purpose would be honorable to the Legislature, and
a just recognition of a system of public, instruction
that is cf tho highest importance to the State in
the development of our wealth, the growth of our
population, and tho prosperity of our great agriccil
tural interests.
MGM XCI1X0111(' RECOMIZNDED.
The State having been wisely relieved of the
management of the public improvements by their
sale, the administration of the Goverment is greatly
simplified, its inseams are certain and well un
derstood, and the amount or the public debt is
definitely ascertained. A rigid economy in all its
various departments, and a strict accountability
from all public officers, aro expected by our peo
ple, and they shall not be disappointed. Now that
the debt of the btate is in the course of steady
liquidation, by the ordinary means of the Trea
sury, all unnecessary expenditures of the public
money must be firmly resisted, act that the gradual
diminution of the indebtedness shall not be in•
terrupted.
To promote the prosperity of the people and the
power of the Commonwealth, by increasing her
financial resources, by a liberal recognition of the
vast interests of our commerce, by husbanding our
resources and diminishing the burdens of taxation
and of debt, will be the highest objects of my am
bition and all the energy of my administration
will be directed to the accomplishment of these
results.
TRH PARDONING POWER
Tho pardoning power is one of the most im
portant and delicate powers conferred upon the
Chief Magistrate by the Constitution, and it should
always be exorcised with great caution, and never
except on the most conclusive evidence that it is
duo to the condemned, and the public security will
not be prejudiced by the act. When such appli
cations are presented to the Executive, it is due to
society, to the administration of justice, and to all
Interested, that public notice should be given. By
the adoption of such regulations imposition will be
prevented and just efforts will be strengthened.
GENERAL LAWS I.IIOPOSIn
The assooiation of capital and labor, under acts
of incorporation, where the purposes to be accom
plished are beyond the reach of individual enter
prise, has long been the policy of the State, and
has done much to advance the prosperity of the
people. When the moans of the citizens aro mo
derate, as they generally are in a new and grow
ing country, and where the concentration of the
capital of many le necessary to development and
progress, such associations, when judioionsly re
stricted, confer large benefits on the State. The
vast resources of Pennsylvania, and the variety of
her mechanical and other industrial pursuits, in
vite capital and enterprise from abroad, which on
every sound principle of political economy, should
be encouraged. Much of the time of the Legisla
ture is consumed by applications for special char
tered privileges, which might be saved by the enact
ment of general laws, and by such amendment to
our general mining and manufacturing law as will
remove needless and burdensome restraints, and
at the same time afford ample protection to capital
and labor, and to the community at large. Our
statute books are full of Rots of incorporation con
ferring special privileges, various as they are nu
merous, dissimilar in their grants of power, and
unequal in their liabilities and restrictions. Well
considered and judicious general laws to meet all
classes of corporations, would remedy the evil,
economise time and money, relieve the Legislature
from the constant pressure for undue privileges,
and be last and equal to all in their administra
tion.
13=
The veto power, as conferred upon the Executive
by the Constitution, is one of the extraordinary
powers of our Government. It was given with
mush hesitation, and not without serious misgiv
ings as to its abuse, by the framers of our organio
law. It is, in my judgment, to be used with the
greatest caution, and only when legislation is
manifestly inconsiderate, or of more than doubtful
constitutionality. The legislators, chosen as they
are directly by the people, in suaea manner that
a fair expression of their views of the true policy
of the Government can always bo bad, give to all
well-considered measures of legislation the solemn
sanction of the highest power of the State, and it
should not be arbitrarily interfered with. While
I shall shrink from no duty involved by the sacred
trust reposed in mo by the people of the Common
wealth, I would have every department of the
Government appreoiate the full measure of respon
sibility that devolves upon them.
TEE POSITION OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE NATIONAL
CRISIS.
The position of mutual estrangement in which
the different sections of our country have been
placed by the precipitate action and violent de
nunciations of heated partisans, the apprehensions
of still more serious complications of our political
affairs, and the fearful uncertainty of the future,
have had the effect of weakening commercial ore
dit and partially interrupting trade, and as a natu
ral consequence our exchanges and currency have
been disarranged. Yet the elements of general
prosperity are everywhere diffused amongst us,
and nothing is wanting bet a return of confidence
to enable us to reap the rich rewards of our diver
sified industry and enterprise. Should the resti
tution of confidence in business and oommeroial
circles be long delayed, the Legislature, in its
wisdom, will, I doubt not, moot the necessities of
the crisis in a generous and patriotio spirit.
Thus far our system of Government has fully
answered the expectations of its founders, and has
demonstrated the capacity of the people for self
government. The country has advanced in wealth,
knowledge, and power, and secured to all °Mem
of its citizens the blessings of peace, prosperity,
and happiness. The workings of our simple and
natural political orgontzations have given direction
and energy to individual and associated enterprise,
maintained publio order, and promoted the welfare
of all parts of our vast and expanding country.
No ono who knows the history of Pennsylvania,
and understands the opinions and feelings of her
people, can justly charge us with hostility to our
brethren of other States. We regard them as
friends and fellow•oountrymen, in whose welfare
wo fool a kindred interest ; and we recognize in
their broadest extent all our constitutional obliga
tions to them. These wo are ready and willing to
observe generously and fraternally in their opirit
with unswerving fidelity.
Tho oleotion of a President of the United States,
according to the forms of the Constitution, has re.
Gently been tondo a pretext for disturbing the
peace of the country, by a deliberate attempt to
wrest from the Peaerat Government the powers
which the people conferred on it when they adopt
ed the Constitution. By this movement, the ques
tion whether the Government of the United States
embodies the prerogatives, rights, and powers of
sovereignty, or merely represents, for specific pur
poses, a multitude of independent communities,
confederated in a league which any ono of them
may dissolve at will, is now placed directly before
the American people. Unhappily, this question is
not presented in the simple form of political dis
cussion, but complicated with the passions and
jealousies of impending or statist conflict.
There is nothing in the life of Mr. Lincoln, nor
TWO CENTS.
any act or declaration of his, before or since his
election, to justify the apprehension that his Ad
minietration will be unfriendly to the local institu
tions of any of-the States. No sentiments but those
'of kindness and conciliation have been expressed
or entertained by the constitutional majoritywhich
elected him ; and nothing has occurred to justify
the excitement which seems to have blinded the
judgment of a part of the people, and is precipi
tating them into revolution:
The supremacy of the National Government has
• been so fully admitted, and so long cherished by
the people of Pennsylvania; so completely has the
idea of its: nationality and sovereignty moulded
their political convictions and directed their politi
eat action, that they are surprised at the pertina
city with which a portion of the people elsewhere
maintain the;oppositg view. The traditions of the
past, the recorded teachings of the Fathers of the
Republic, the security of their freedom and pros
perity, and their hopes for the future, are all in
harmony with an unfaltering allegiance to the
National Union, the maintenance of the Constitu
tion, and the enforcement of the laws. They have
faithfully adhered to the compromises of our great
; National compact, and entertained a proper re
' spent for the peculiar institutions and rights of
property of the people of other States. Every true
Pennsylvanian admits that hie first civil and pelt-
tidal duty is to the General Government, and he
frankly acknowledges his obligation to protest the
constitutional rights of ;all who live under its au
thority and enjoy its blessings.
hints-my election to the Chief Alegistrady of the
State, I have taken occasion to , say publicly, Cott
If we have any laws upon; our statute-Woks which'.
infringe upon the rights an% •pelipte of any; of the
States, or contravene any law of the Federal Go
vernment, or obstruct its execution, they ought to
the. repealed. We ought not to hesitate to exhibit
to other Stateb that May hive onseted-lawcrintor--
tiering with the rights, or obstraetivo of the; rtimd- 5
!dies which beicmconstitittienallyifti'VPAMerican
joititens, an example of . magnaniniityand impli-'
!oft obedience to the paramount la*, end by' a'
t prompt repeal of every statute tbat'may, even by
lour
be liable to reasonable objection, do ;
•our part to remove every just cause of -dissatisfac
tion with our 'legislation.
Pennsylvania has ever been loyal and magnanl
moos in.her recognition of all the duties imposed
;upon her by the national compact, and she will, by
,every dot consistent with her devotion to the in
threats ofher own free peeople, prortiote fraternity
rand; peace, and a liberal comity between the
::States. Ear convictions on the vital questions ;
"which have agitated the public mind are well un-
, derstood at home, and should not be mieundetateed •
!abroad. Res verdicts have ;been as uniform . as
;they have been decisive, in faver of the dignity,
;the prosperity and the progress of her free indus
try, and support of the principles of liberty on .
which the Government is Minded, and menace or
;;rebellion cannot reverse them. ;They have passed
• into history as the deliberate judgment of her
I people, expressed in a peaceful, fraternal, and
; constitutional mannetri; and when they Shall have
been administered in the Government, as soon they
will be, the madness that now rules the hour will
I subside, as their patriotic, faithful, and national
aims bring ample protection and peaceful progress
to all sections of the Republio.
In the grave questions which now agitate the
country, no State has a more profound concern than
Pennsylvania. Occupying a geograPlaioat position
between the North and lite South, the East and
; the West, with the great avenges of travel and
trade passing through her borders, carrying on an
! extensive commerce with her neighbors, in the vast
and varied prodaations of her soil, her mines and
• her mantifaetoring industry, and bound to them by
the ties of kindred and social intercourse, the ques
!
Lion of disunion involves momentous consequences
to hor people. The second of the thirty-three
' States in population, and the first in material re•
sources, it is due both to ourselves and to the other
States, that the position and sentiments of Penn-
Sylvania on the question should be distinctly un•
derstood.
All the elements of wealth and greatness have
beeu spread over the State by a kind Providence
with profuse liberality. Our temperate climate,
productive soil, and inexhaustible mineral
wealth, have stimulated the industry of our peo
ple, and improved the skill of our mechanics. To
develop, enlarge, and protect the interests which
grow out of our natural advantages, have become
cardinal principles of political economy in Penn
sylvania, and the opinion everywhere prevails
among our people that development, progress,
WA wealth depend on educated and requited
labor; and that labor, and the Interests sustained
by it, should bo adequately protected against fo
reign competition. The people of Pennsylvania
have always favored that policy which aims to ele
vate and foster the industry of the country in
the collection of revenue for the support of the
General Government ; -and whenever they have
had the opportunity in a fair election they have
vindicated that policy at the ballot-box. When
their trade was prostrated and their industry pa
ralyzed by the legislation of the General Govern
ment, which favored adverse interests, they Waited
patiently for the return of another opportunity to
declare the public will in a constitutional manner.
In the late election of President of the United
States the principle of protection was one of the
prominent issues. With the proceedings of . Con
gress at its last session fresh in their memories, a
large majority of the people of Pennsylvania en
rolled themselves in an organization which, in its
declaration of prifielples ' promised, if successful,
to be faithful to their suffering interests and lan
guishing•ladustry. Protection to labor was ono of
. the great principles o t its platform ; it was inscribed
on its banners; it was advocated by its public jour
nals; and throughout the canvass it was a leading
text of the orators of the successful party.
This is a propitious moment to declare that,
while the people of Pennsylvania, not indifferent
to other vital issues Of the canvass, were demand
ing justice for themselves in the recent election,
they hod no design to interfere with or abridge the
rights of the people of other States. The growth
of our State had been retarded by the abrogation
of the principle of protection from the revenue
laws of the National Government; bankruptcy had
crushed the energies of many of our most
enterprising citizens; bat no voice of disloyalty c
treason was heard, nor was an arm raised to offer
violence to the sacred fabric, of our National
Union. Conscious of their rights and their power,
our people looked to the ballot-box alone as the
legal remedy for existing evils.
In the present unhappy condition of the country,
it will be our duty to unite with the people of the
States which remain loyal to the Union, in any
just and honorable measures of conciliation and
fraternal kindness. Let us invite them to join us
in the fulfilment of all our obligations under the
Federal Constitution and laws. Then we can cor
dially unite with them in claiming like obedience
from those States which have renounced their alle
giance. If tho loyal States are just and moderate,
without any sacrifice of right or self-respect, the
threatened danger may be averted.
Ours is a National Government, It has within
the sphere of its notion all the attributes of sove
reignty, and among these are the right and duty
of self preservation. It is based upon a compact
to which all the people of the United States are
parties It is the result of mutual cenoessions,
which were made for the purpose of assuring re
ciprocal benefits. It ants directly on the people,
and they owe it a personal allegianoe. No part of
the people,
no State nor combination of States,
can voluatarily secede from the Union, nor eh
eolve themselvea from their obligations to it. To
permit a State to withdraw at pleasure from the
Union, without the consent of the rest, is to con
fess that our Government is a failure. Pennsylva
niacan never acquiesee in sea% a eonspiraoy, nor
assent to a doctrine which involves the destruc
tion of the Government. If the Government is to
exist, all the requirements of the Constitution
must be obeyed; and it must. have power adequate
to the enforcement of the supreme law of the land
in every State. It is the first duty of the nation
al authorities to stay the progress of anarchy and
enforce the laws, and Pennsylvania, with a united
people, will give them an honest, faithful, and as
dye support. The people mean to preserve the
integrity of the National Union at every hazard.
The Constitution which was originally framed to
promote the welfare of thirteen States and four
millions of people, in loss than three-quarters of a
century has embraced thirty-three States and
thirty-three millions of inhabitants. Our territory
has been extended over now climates, including
people with now interests and wants, and the Go
vernment has protected them all. Everything re
quisite to the perpetuity of the Union and its ex
panding power, would seem to have been foreseen
and provided for by the wisdom and sagacity of
the framers of the Constitution.
It is all we desire or hope far, and all that our
fellow-countrymen who complain, can reasonably
demand. It piovidos that amendments may be
proposed by Congress; and whenever the neces
sity to amend shall occur, the people of Pennsyl
vania will give to the amendments which Congress
may propose, the careful and deliberate considera
tion which their importance may demand. Change
is not always progress, and a people who have
lived so long, and enjoyed so much prosperity, who
have so many snored memories of the past, and
such rich legacies to transmit to the future, should
deliberate long and seriously before they attempt
to alter any of the fundamental prinaiples of the
great charter el our liberties.
I assume the duties of this high office at the most
trying period of our national history. The public
mind is agitated by fears, suspicions, and jealousies.
Serious apprehensions of the future pervade the
people. A proooncerted and organized effort bee
been made to disturb the stability of Government,
dissolve the Union of the States, and mar the sym
metry and order of the noblest political struotrire
ever devised and constructed by human wisdom.
It shalt be my earnest endeavor to justify the con
fidence which you have reposed in me, and to de
serve your approbation. With a consciousness of
the rectitude of my intentions, with no resent
ments to cherish, no enmities to avenge, no wish
but the public good to gratify, and with a profound
sense of the solemnity of my position, 1 humbly
invoke the assistance of our Heavenly Father, in
whom alone le my dependence, that His strength
may sustain and Wei wisdom guide me. With His
divine aid I abaft apply myself faithfully and fear
lessly to my responsible duties, and abide the judg
ment of a generous people.
Invoking the blessing of the God of our fathers
upon our State and nation, it shall be the highest
object of my ambition to contribute to the glory of
the Commonwealth, maintain the civil and re
ligious privileges of the people, and promote the
union, prosperity, and happiness of the country.
INTERCOURSE WITH CIIARLESTON.—Wo un
derstand that a vessel in this port which had near
ly completed its lading for Charleston, B. C., Yes
terday abandoned the voyage and discharged her
cargo, with consent of all parties Many of the
houses in the Charleston business have not received
any letters from their correspondents for over a
week. The bark Modena, Capt. Ryder, of Sill°.
way's line, is the last vessel reported as cleared
from that port. Capt. Ryder has been in the Charles
ton trade for many years, and as he left almost in
the height of the excitement, his account, when ho
arrives, will be very intoresting.—Boston Coin.
anercial Bulletin.
THE railroads crossing the Western prairies
are protected from drifting snow in winter by high
farces, which servo in summer to keep the cattle
from the track. In the winter of 1859, before theta
fences were constructed, the Illinois Central Rail-
road Company expended $lOO,OOO in endeavoring
to keep their track clear.
THE WEEKLY PRESS.
Tal WEXKL7 Palms win be sent to elltiellitete by
mail (per annum in advance,) at —___ll2.oo
Throe Conies. " 6.00
Five 2 00
Ten ~"
Twenty " " " (to one addreso. 2o .oo
Twenty Copies, or over (to address of
each enbeariberd ems& 1.20
For a Club of Twenty-one. or over, we will send as
extra copy to the setter-up of the Club.
Postmostorn oro notated to oat as Agents fo
Tan Wsuntr Paw.
CALIFORNIA. PRESS.
lamed three timer a Month, in time for the Californi
Steamers,
THE REVOLUTION IN THE SOUTH.
LETTER FROM GOVERNOR PICKEX/3
CHARLESTON, Jan. 14, 1861.
G. B. Lamar, President Bank of the Republic,
New York.
Btu : Please have it authoritatively published
that no flag or no vessel will be disturbed or pre
vented from entering our harbor unless bearing
hostile troops or munitions of war for Fort Sump
ter.
All trade is desired, and all vessels in oosameros
only will be gladly received. F. W. PICKJINS.
BUSINESS IN THE SOUTH
A. gentleman born at the North, but who for
many years has been in business in the South, was
in this city a day • or two since making the neces.
sary arrangements to transfer his capital from the
South to the North. He holds that, even if the
present troubles are temporarily adjusted, he has
no security that another diffmulty may not occur,
and he prefers to have his capital invested where
i will not be endangered by, the frequent occur
rence of rebellion and revolution.—Boston Tra
veller.
HUMANITY AND CHEMISTRY
. . .
Some.humane and chemical son] suggests tolls
South Carolinians that, by icatnerairig cotton fibre
in ii mixture of Equal parts of fuming nitrie acid
and of .oulphuriu acid (of sp gr. 2 00), it is at one.
converted tato gun cotton, a material more effective
than the best gunpowder, and which can be pro
duced at a cost of fifty per , cent. leas.
' BWOII,DS FOR UAJOit ANDEItfeON.
We votfoe that all the . .Northern. der.porations,
instead of. feeding their -atarying:operatives, are
getting ready to present swords to !Haler Ander
son. If this work of benevolence goes on, the ma
jor will soon have two swords for every man in hie
;garrison, drummers included. Par parendursia,
we wonder whether - the Major , is going aftenthe
atreriler•or whether the presentation comnilttees
mean. to ibziwg pot to , hiin.— , Oharlestme lifer-
: SEIZURE OF raIVDER
Forty-five hundred kegs of powder. worth about
$23,000, shipped, from the East via New Orleans.
to Lefibm,,Smitli,:te Bair,. of St. Louis, on board
ship Torvad9, hag been, seized in New Orleans, by
the SeoetisiedisEs. The Odireiphnderies 'of Aleasie.
L. b. & B: have telegraphed theleesele St. Louis,
desiring tile privilege to : sell it to the State for
cash, - otherwPo fearing they would not get any
thing for it.
The French Press on Disunion.
(From La Presse, of Paris, Deo. 4.)
Trance cannot be otherwise than proud to End
her protection claimed or her alliance sought by
all oppressed nationalities, and it is her interest
and her glary not to fail in any of the obligations
that her high position imposes upon her. But in
the present case (that of the proffered alliance of
the Southern States), the gondola of independence
is complicated by a question of elavery, and the
one flings an unhappy shadow over the other.
France, who abolished slavery herself, cannot
even seem to protect it in other countries. Such
an idea even would do her a serious injury. The
Americans of South Carolina must, then, be per
suaded, that if ever they obtain from the French
Government the moral.supportlhat the demand,
It will not be as proprietors, but in spite of their
being proprietors of slaves, and by virtue of the
principle, acknowledged forthirty years, that all
Governments de facto shall be recognized by the
Governments of Europe and America.
There is only one of the divisions of the Union
in regard to which France can have, in certain
events, any more extended rights and duties., It
is Lostislaua as it geographically existed when it
was ceded by us to the United States in 1803. The
treaty of cession guarantied to the French .colo
nists and their descendants the enjoyment of their
property and of their civil and religious rights.
The vast and rich Territory of Louisiana has form
ed since Ilion, besides the State itself of Louisiana,
the States of Missouri, Arkansas, lowa, parts of
Alabama and Wisconsin, and the Territories of
Minnesota, Nebraska, and Kansas. Every time
that one of these had to be organized or admitted
to the Confederation, the slave proprietors have
invoked their rights guarantied to them by the
treaty of 1803. The right of Arkansas, founded
on this argument; Wes recognized by John Wiley
Adams himself in-1838. 'The Governor of Nehru
kainveked the same argument in vetoing the: bill
to prohibit the introduction of slaves into the Ter
ritory, and this dootrine is also to be found in the
decision of the Supreme Court of the United States
rendered in the ease of the negro Dred Scott.
These are the historical and judicial precedents,
which will not be without value in case any seri
ous attack is made upon the civil, political, and
religious rights of the ancient territory of Lotthi
ana. But the institution of slavery—was it 'a por
tion of these rights forever guarantied? And
these rights, are they really ignored? These are
questions that France can neither raise nor solve,
and which she cannot be called upon to examine,
except at the request of. the Louisiana authorities.
At present this State, happily, seems to take no
part in the Disunion movement. There is, un
doubtedly, an extreme party, which is recr uited
chiefly from the nanny planters, whose principal
wealth is in slave property, and whose revenue lies
iu the produce of the soil. But, by strange con
trast, while Southern agriculturists are the most
determined in favor of slavery, the most fanatical
Abolitionists are to be found among the agrieultu
sista of the North.
The seacoast towns, on the contrary, are strongly
conservative., New York gave twenty•five thou
rand majority against Lincoln, New Orleans voted
for Bell, and Charleston, Savannah, and all other
Southern ports have, to a certain extent, opposed
the tide of schism proclaimed at Augusta and Co
lumbia.. The reason is, that the maritime towns
understand better than all others that the prospe
rity of the Union depends upon union, and that in
rupture the basis of its success is destroyed. Com
mercial instinct rises in them to the height of po
litical intuition, end merchants and traders are at
this time the truest patriots.
France has in the United States the same inte
rest that then large towns have, and ought fo fol
low the same lino of conduct. The rupture of the
Union will entail more risks than benefits ; for
while the commerce of England and the whole of
Europe will be admitted, with our own, to the free
ports of the new Confederation, the Northern Con
federation will immediately seek. in an exclusive
alliance with England, a counterpoise to the
Southern agreement with France. War will ine
vitably flow from this antagonism. Having es
allies slave proprietors, we will be foaled, by the
nature of things, to defend their institutions,. end
to tolerate their plan of annexing Mexico and the
Island of Cuba, which the North up to this time
has alone prevented.
France will never lay herself open to such a
course. • She ought not to allow the Southern
States to deceive themselves in this matter. She
cannot even lend such consent as silence may af
ford ; her duty is to labor with all her power to
prevent a dissolution. There ought not to be for
us, on the other side of the Atlantis, either South
ern Americans or northern Americans, but States
whose union is important to the equilibrium of the
world. The American marine is not less necessa
ry to France than the Russian, Spanish, and Ita
lian navies, to prevent a single Power from seis
ing the empire of the seas.
France was the first ally of the United States;
we hope that she will now be their counsellor, and
expose the abyss Into which they are hurrying—
en abyss in which will be buried forever a past
most glorious and a future most hopeful. For the
American Union, separation is suicide; it is mur
der of a great nation and a great principle.
France cannot lend a hand to this suicide and this
murder. She has helped to make this people;
she will never help to destroy them.
Such are, we are convinced, the sentiments of •
our Government.
FIGHT WITH THE INDIANS.—The While Man i
(Texas,) of the 28th nit., has an extra, containing
the news of a fight on the Ifith. Capt. hoes, with
twenty-five United States cavalry, bad a fight with
sixteen Comanches, in which thirteen of the latter
were killed. The chief's youngest son was cap
tured, together with a white woman and her child,
the woman having been among the Indians rinse
shildhood.
THE CHIORASA.W9 AND CHOCTAWS FOR TEXAS.
—We notice an important fact in the Grayson
county Monitor, of the 19th nit. The citizens of
Preston, in the county, on Rod river, held a pubic
meeting. The lone star flag waa hoisted. Strong
" resistance " and "secession" resolutions were
passed. A large portion of the respectable citizens
of the Chiokasaw and Choctaw Nations were pre
sent at this meeting, by invitation ; heartily parti
cipated in the deliberations, and assisted in the
duties of the occasion.
YAIIKINB rN EunorE.—lt is estimated that
there are 30,000 Americans in Europe, and that
they spend among them a sum of $160,000,000 per
annum. This accounts to some extent for the
large shipments of gold made to Europe over and
above the amount credited to mercantile transao.
lions.
THE AMOUNT OF TOBACCO ON THE GLOBE.—
The present annual production of tobacco has been
estimated, by an English writer, at 4,000,000,000
pounds! This is smoked, chewed, and snuffed.
Suppose it all made into cigars, 100 to the pound,
it would produce 400,000,000,000. Four hundred
billions of cigars ! Allowing this tobacco, unman-
featured, to cost oa the average 10 cents a pound,
and we have $400,000,000 expended every year in
producing a noxious, deleterious weed. At least
ono and a half times as much more is required to
manufacture it into a marketable form and to dis
pose of it to the customer.
Is a discussion on acoustics in the Insti
tute of Arohiteots, England, in reference to the flat
surfaoe behind a speaker, it was stated that the
Bishop of Lincoln, preaohing once in the open air,
instead of turning his back to the wall, faced about
towards It, and the result was that he was heard
disttnatly by tateral hundred persona.
Mn. WEEKS, of Sandwich, writes as follows
to Mr. Rowell,who, at the British Association, sug
gested the possibility of bringing down rain from
the Claude at pleasure : " I have from very early
life been an assiduous experimenter with electric
kites, atmospheric exploring wires, do. Now, I
beg to assure you, that it has several times hap
pened that when my kite has been raised under a
distended light dewy cloud, at a moderate eleva
tion, a free current of sparks has passed from the
apparatus during some ton or twelve minutes; I
have suddenly found myself bedewed with a de
scent of fine misty rain ; and on looking up, have
I
seen the cloud upon which was operating sur
prisingly reduced in magnitude."
THE teller of a Boston bank paid two thou
sand dollars last week, instead of two hundred dol
lars. Happily, B. F. Pratt, an honest man, re
ceived it.
—Eastloyernor Banks has consented to it to
Mr: Bunt for a portrait, at the request of a num
ber of prominent citizens of Massachusetts.
—Mr. Wills is the name of the subordinate edi
tor of Dickens' All the Year Round. It is be
who in reality does the editorial work of that
magazine.
—Moses Kelly, Esq., ohiefelerk of the Interior
Department, who has been Acting Secretary lime
the resignation of Mr. Thompson, is still in dis
charge of the duties ad interim.