The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, January 05, 1860, Image 1

THE - PAESS,
rtrailalign DAILY (BUNDAtEt BIECIPZO,TED)
BY JOUN - FORNEY,
OFFICE PIO. 417 OIEFAT‘NUT,P3TRESI.
DAILY PREEN.
iwavr4asamer=fiWM, pueblo totheassriers.
„Metlo4 to quheoribers out of the City' et Six Dorxeis
Pia Arm% SOUL bOLLASII •os TI GH T MOXTIVII;
Thais Dome:as' 701 Ettx htorgue—lnveFiably In ad
vent* for the time ordered.
• Team ONLY FRIBAs.' .
Maid to mi odtan mkt of the (317 et Tuuz Dot.
Lam PIM Amprit;in idnooe.
STATIONERY.
.1860 D 1
MIAS -AND
CHAN(IkEI. • '
WM- F. XUR,I)II,Y & EON S.
.
- ouzeniuT irraiwr,
• - 'Below Fourth,
intioTtuAr. SAITFAOTOINSte
BLANK BOOKS,
• 'Mode ort,lnen Stook.
Bpooial Orders promptly exeouted.
_Ch e eglur, DrolNoteo, -Copying Prone*, Leper mot
/121 7. Lopag o v i for o n s wkp A p ri v i m y wk . or
ACCOUNT BOOKS.
- OLD AND NEW FIRMS.
1111QIIIELINO
WHOLB OR PARTIAL SETS
the oomlzig season, will gad on our elselvie a
LARGE AND COMPLETE ASSORTMENT
ma widish o eelset, *min have them made to order of
ANY DESIRED PATTERN,
OW ru
VERT BEST QUALITY OF MATERIAL AND
, WORKMANSHIP,
Together with s full assortment of
FOREtON AND DOMESTIC ,
COUNTINO , HOUSE STATIONERY,
AT TEE 'THEY LOWEST PRICER
• MOSS, - BROTHER, 8a 004 ,
amlat • No. 430 MARKET STAB BT.
MILLINERY GOODS.
• E 729.
FLOWER -& FEATHER
STOUR,
ImosEsTiggi , STUBiIT,
against int, at GREATLY LEDUCED MIMI& out
Cairo 'took of .
"RADJO_MBI39,_ BRIDAL wase,n9 a
rENNOW FLOWER& FEATHE
MILLIN Y GOOD&
rEIOS.KENNEDY &BRO..
729 CICESTNIIT 6T.,AND 43 S. SECOND ST.
00324221 • --
BOOTS AND SHOES.
'HAZELIA & HAVER.
• MANIIPADTURRIMI
AIM
WHOLE3AIii MAUER _
•
BOOTS AND SHOES.
WI 128 NORTH THIRD STIEHL
A fall usortman t of City made Boots and Shoes oon
*tautly on hand. .10-ti
HARDWARE PACKAGE HOUSES.
HANDY 16 BRENNER.
PM 93, 23, AND '27 NORTH PIPTH STREET
PHILADELPHIA.
WHOLESALE COMMISSION MERCHANTS,
For the tale of ell kinde of
ANIBILIOAN MANUFAOraLED H.ARDWAIB.,
AID INPOITIDS or
•BR.MAN, BELGIAN, FRENCH, A.ND
HARDWARE AND CUTLERY,
feta acnietartrlg ea hand a large stook of Goode Weer
PIT HaftZra Niger&
BUTCHER'S BILKS,
BY the oast or othorwiso.
BUTCHER'S EDGE TOOLS,
BUTCHER'S STEEL OP VARIOUS KINDS.
WRIGHT'S PATIENT ANVILS AHD VICES,
It! #ll. CHAIN,
£44 other him' to every Yeti*
BEA BP'S RPEATIIR .PIBTOL;
WEIGHING ONLY 8M OUNCES.
S ews NEW MODEL RIFLES AND PISTOLS.
IDWAZD B. NANDI. J!10.11. lIIIIIMI2III. 0. POUNIIIO6,
W94l'
PAOICAGt - HARDWARE HOUSE.—We
i,L. would renneotfolli call the attention of the ft m e a s
kil i fardvere' 'fat& to our extensive Stook of S -
SUSAN. UnßoWiiitS, whiok we offer at a,
e rr
ky the
err for dirstritilsortaSon solicited, and goods de
flected either in this city, New York L ioafewurleans.
~ W. 0,143w - ro & Son,
411.00.11M.SRCIE Sloth
Immting and C_ innommi on Me ronelln
AM Monti ler Foreonn and DosteadoKsrdware.
CABINET WARE.
VABINET FURNITURE Am) BILLIARD
'ad TABLES.
MOORE & CAMPION.
No. NI SOUTH SECOND STREET,
m connection with their extensive Cabinet Enmesh ore
now marnsfao izirilattesitoeluf
:Ehave now on hand a isr lyrehed
()ORE it AMPION'S Rd VED EMMONS,'
h ere pronounced by all who have used them to
open& to Worker&
For the re queirti and finish of these, Tables the mum
boozers fer to their nuaierbne patrons thrmighout. the
Union Who are familiar with the oharsoter of their
wort. lyNt4tm
DRUGS. CHEMICALS, Pico.
DRUGS,
,G 4.95, PAINTS, &o.
ROBT. SHOEMAKER & CO.
NORTHEAST CORNER
NONNI% AND RAOE BTFIENTS,
WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS,
Importers and Dealers in WINDOW CLASS, PAINTS,
Ito., Invite the attention of
COUNTRY MERCHANTS
To their large stook of Goods, blob they offer at the
lowest market rates. noe.tf
LOOKING-GLASSES.
L OOKING -GLASSES,
t reduced prices.
J. OCMPLAND,o. at South Fourth street. has or
hand ittlle stook of French Fists Mirrors in_ gat
tunnel, riehlyornamented or plain. which are olTered
Ist be low crepe. Square and oral Portrait, Picture,
Ful Photograph Frame,, French Plebe on hand ifOM
by sOup.to .t= by 36, at moon below former pries.
Were-solicited. JOSHUA COWPLAWD,
d9-lm 1i0.53 South Fourth street.
SCALES.
goroa FAIRBANKS' PLATFORM SOALES
Fsele „NI",
TIA TAUT Street.
JOHN MACKAY'S PURE EXTRACT OF
CALVES' FEET.
pEttlails bri L i d a gr and i
t utr l l i t s i g " :vittL a g
tb a en
..oups an ,Einmea. B. ..ld by
EDWARD PARRISH.
800 ARCH Street,
TRW. WEAVER,
RIDE TEENTH and VINE Streets.
,AS. T. SHINN,
1444 BROAD and SPRUCE Alrsata.
Hun COAL
,OIL ,W 0115,13.
FIRST PREMIUM.
AWARDED AT
PRINNITYLBANIA, STATE BAIR,
'LOWRY ROOD BTRBBT, WHARF 00IWYL
011102 127 WALNUT STET
N. P. 141/MAAN /e. MN
A IT TI 0 N I --ASTROLOGY !—LOOR
OUT i—Oljeln NEWS FOR ALIA—The never
bans him VAN 'BORN Is the best; she 612.0..
orhrip ell others have failed. AU who.are
r a lible, o all who a hove bee f !! ugortnnats, deceive d
fr br
In
moo 4Fai n t l l774 /reeve', h er r. She tir n se o eyiit of
winning the effeetions of the opposite' sex. It is thin
foot with* indoor Illiterate pretenders to try to
'value her, and gopy her advertisement She shove
rut: l i ttVeirlgo u gi t o u tle w p i litilit a ledcllA b ag
As —rat only person who rap show the dkenew
tyloan.grve *nitre nabs rooftop on all the eon.
series Mn '
married- dab be tested and proved by Mot
• lindw; married - and iiingle,whor daily and mite y
nt her. Come one come all Ito No, IS LOMB?, Li
met, between Jardoor end 'Arnett ded-nt
I'IRAWING AND PADITING MATE-
A-. ay.
. - ger m. aniii ArAhitelte . Stationary.
yd, II 61.0ElpM10311ftiS.
at
IA .11tl and Yuen
, • nt eil or shildron, and also for Artiste and
• do- es oadllotizo Prunes.
. 4 , • ,,,xi i CloZt a a:14911 7 rono
h.
-, dank & .TA.NENIIKY,
No. 118 South MONTS. Street.
WWI tiE AND RETAib. oln-Sm
/14LOTITTA TWINE.Just received, a,
aortic" let of OteraltiNitti s fir atitay .
421 -n H. afar it. and XI le:Wharves.
EPPER.;=—Ait , invoiee received. and fci
dale hr - WETHERILL & BROTHER,
dU Ma. luot 49 North nECOND &rent.
Amor" Du‘ (ILAB2i on hand
and tot' paietby WRTHBRILI, lc BROTHER,
Non. had 49 North SECOND Street.
MEM, MAOHEREL—A , fine invoice of
ht54.9.11i, and VllWbffypClo, iOlO , OO.
gllto.o l l d irllll ralreMir m.
1 • 0 IT ur •
-bated Bitter' are misting iith e g- •
1 I
1, 101'1400 Woman, and permanently en .
isr oqt of *want orproor too enlthtu
- eatinapt the diary (wort %V 111 t IY rerni
''ll3llCl3l4sbtairtindiug tbrat'an cad n':l
posts, .trorcomalliort srvoucDebility, Fever an ,
kO, , , • TlEt *AB BRA.DIR,Y,
it rdn/illiata Arse,
eta Km. 111.15 , ,morner siXTgand ett esof mg.
L•T't'"-.6IIII.,BOAtiIONYI-' Viirgini , for sale by . ,
wErmanz & 13403,11 ER.
; 47 as 11.9,rfOrIlt 82COrt U Street.
ER-
Le.. large and well.
uwtodiltoo . ItAlt tar Inenufeetured sad for
ma miOntarvia
• •
. ~\,
'.
.' \ .
41 I i .//./4,./.." ItlP 4 k )6.. .
. , -s, \\\V. i 1/ , '' ''. 7 ''...... -,-,' 41 ~ t.' (
••• s s ' ..A 4 ,I I / //'. I! . 4 r ' ‘..:;'*'''.-''
(1;1. "1 1 44,1. ' ‘:.' tiTi' .. ;. , ..... \: s. . s .: \ \‘,!: //. ... 44 4. %i r --:--,.. c, ~,,,...*: ..• •
.• . 4 ' ..,,._A , .
tw .„.,
~.
r . 2 ., ; „1.; 1 r,,,,,,:......,..,
•
,
..
.. ..... -,. \ • x.... ,
' I
:''' 0 111 11 ..'
','. I
• , Lt .
.. .
..,„ ,„,,,,...,:. . •
..10„..,...„..,..„ -,,....-....-...-.t..,,.,74..:.,-„....--,-,...,, .4.... id's ,,.,, ,:,!,....,...„....,....; ::..,. ~ ...
1 ,' ' A
.-:-'----.4.. -- -----.
•• , .
''.
. . ......- ' ' c 'i''.i
............. f....._
____,7,71.7...,,,
...,,_
.. ,..,..„9,... . , ~ p:
1. : 0, - ;:,..:11 I. :„.. f ., . ,s ; .....:::'. ,.., :. -: ,. - 1 ,11 : 1,4 4 : : • '1L . " , .: .. ,. . ,. ili = 7 o: l 7 - RI fr7.:::_"4.r _
....-..-_.
( r:I.: ' -.....--c .----,-.--- -_.:......--• -..../... - .
1 . , .. . 1..‘4 : . .: , .... - .:
_.........!.....,-• ~ ~ ..
.
VOL. 3.-NO. 13 3.
CIGARS, .TOBACCO, &c.
THE CELEBRATED
ENELIER MILO PIPE
ENGLISH MILO PIPE!
ENGLISH MILO PIPE:
RUSTED, N. R. corner THIRD and 6 HILSTNUT
has juat sewed an aaaortment of
MILO'S PREPARED PIPES !
Imported direct from London.
These celebrated Putee are of the float Brodleh Clay,
and will color equal to the Meerschaum. They are sold
with or without Morocco, Tin, or Wooden Oases.
ENGLISHMEN ! ATTENTION I I
The delight oral' English Smokers is the.Mu.o Pipe
Herron, N. E. THIRD and COSTNIJT, hae re
edged all the Styles, viz s
BATTLE, IIITsLIA RD.
' OoUILISR, LONDON.
• SCOTOO, IRISH.
GUTTY, MAJOR.
Wholesale and Retail,
dtt tf gegar lt. R. t tr. MID and CHESTNUT.
ESTABLISHED ,1760.
• -
P'ETFIR. LORIFT , AR,_
•BNuFF & 'TOBACCO MA.NUFACTIIKER,
16 a 18 CHAMBERS tairßE3,
Formorw nd
ds Oliatharoatreet, New York.)
Wouti cell the *avowal stten qoa of Grocers and
Dragg ate to am rarragvag. and also the ertielee of his
=outgo:ore, vie:
- BROAVN
I" 9l l 3 Y itaprgaag Di Ta g ai " t i tTgitia,
Coarse Itspreo.,. rgisterutoches,
L"Allien itit T BVlMUPP. 94nbag‘3.
t esp i o . a. ` 4 " 6.0t0k: er f ah Scotok,
Irish T eest,
Freak Honey Dewßootelt, or bandyloot.
TOBACCO.
.
SMOKING.. . . .
MINE CU CHEWING. SHOEING.
No.l, P. A. L.. or plain, alt. Joao,
No, 2, Cavendish, or meek Elpenlen,'
Noe. 14 s', mix'd. Sweet doented Orinoco, °finials,r ,
_
Nitefoot Tin Foil Ce.vendiali. Pure Turkish.
A Circular of Prices will be sent on application.
N. B..—Note the new exhale of. Frexh Scotch Bnulf,
whioh w ill be found a aneerior artwle for :lipping pun-
Moses. . . d&S.3m
ZW.ISSL.VIR*I7.4O.
no NOATH THIRD staina,
Moro for islet largo apply of
OIGAR S
OF THIS Olin •
HAVANA BRANDS.
TOBAOOO, SNUFF, PIPES, &o.
AGSMS POS. GAIL I AS,
%ERMAN 8)101UNG TODASCo AND CIGARS.
cooSisSal
A MERINO..
140 bOUTH ritON't 13111.1211,
11l In store and bond, end
Mrs far Bala, a Largo bakirtiaaat at
OIGARS,
Illoosivall Creel from Havana, of *kolas ant favorits
Brands.
RETAIL DRY GOODS.
DECEMBER
REDUCTION
IN PRICES,
L. J. LEVY' ea CO.
Announce to the Public and their Customers that In se
cordanee with their usual custom at this sermon of the
rear , they have reduced the prim of their stook of
FANCY DRY GOODS.
which comprises manyoholoe and betualfal descent:lone
of goods suitable for
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS.
L. J.L.& Co. have received, this week, a very Gnome
collection of Embroidered Cambric lOUs, New Lace
Goods, Embroideries, k0.,t0 which there snll be added,
on Monday. December 10, several oases of Notrreautes.
espemally selected for
HOLIDAY PRESENTS.
809 and 811 CHESTNUT STREET.
dl-0
LADIES' FANCY FURS.
GEO. F.. WOMRATH.
NOS. 415 AND 417 AROH STREET,
HAS NOW OPEN HIS USUAL
OIIOIOE ASSORTMENT OF FURS,
Mae of otialr endeoted bl Motell In Europe during the
put Spring. oeSS-gm
CLOAKS! CLOAKS I I
IMMENSE ATTRACTIONS.
EVERY NEW STYLE.
EVERY NEW MATERIAL.
THE LARGEST STOCK IN THE CITY.
;sr Prizes more reasonable than at any other estab
lishment.
IVENS.
nl9-ti 93 SOUTH NINTH STREET.
CLOAKS I CLOAKS 11
THE GREATEST OF BAR¢AINS D. ID CLOAKS EVER
FERE
IVENS,
. 93 13011TH NINTH STREET.
LIONS CLOAK VELVETS.
All widths of these goods in brilliant blacks.
They ate composed or pure tfilk i and considered the
best manufacture that. resoheis this market. Imported
expressly for our retail sales hy
RPLESS BROTHERS
CHESTNUT and EIGHTH Strati&
CLOAKING CLOTHS.
Fine Bleck Cloths avd Beeman.
Ladies' Black Cloakinns, Slab to
Overcoat Cloths, 4111 to ace°. •
ireu-coat Cloths, IPA to U.
lack and fancy Cassimeres,
Extra heavy fanny Winter
Satinets and Union Caainneyee.
)od and cheap Venial/I,Bllk, Pluckk Valenela ,
• Dope wear—soodi espeoialhaeaptee to.
d 7 COO CUARD,
NI It and MARKET.
A.: . - ()LOA S.
raincla °l Bl 6 2 f ici, m Blll.o l° Ost
lack Beaver o vioaks, 810 to 819.
Blank Trioot Cloak., vo to 319.
We are now selling large quantities from a large,
fresh, and clean stook. Cloaks made tq order and gua
ranteed to fit and pleats. coormt, k CONARD_
dl7 NINTH and MARKET.
COMMISSION HOUSES.
FROTHING - HAM
& WELLS.
24 SOWITI FEONT,
AND 36 LETITIA STREET,
Are AGENTS for the este of Goods Manathetured by
the following Cogripanitet, viz
Ha sea° yam
Bassi Pape,
LITICiaI .
.8 , N1911.1
.M 8971013,
BARTLIT.
Brawn,Bleaaked, and Goland Sheeting', Gldrtings,
ham and Dnlie,
ROBESON'S BLUE PRINTS,
RAIODIN COMPANY'd
TWEEDS AND COTTONADEB in great variety.
WASHINGTON MILLS
(Formerly Bay State)
bawls, Plano and Table Covers, Printed Felting',
Flannels, All-Wool and Cotton Ware Cloths, heavy big
anti blue Beavers, Caasimeres, and Tricots. Also, Her
SAM /Atlanta. and Tweeds. al-'tutu-ern
FARRELL& MORRIS.
CHESTNUT STREET,
IMPORTERS.
COMMISSION MSEC HANTS
CLOTHO,
CASSIMERZe,
DOMINO, AND
SPRING AND
KIDAIMBR 00ATIMOB,
MANTELETS,
PANTALOON EITNITII
FROTHING/LIAM & WELLS,
36 IiETIT/A STABET, AND 30 BOUTS
FRONT STREET.
COTTONADES.
6attebte for both Clothiers and Jobbers, in large
variety.
BUMMER. coATirms AND oAlsll.PallltlirCd
Made by Washington hillbs.
Orders for thew desirable goods for Berths trade
SHEPLEY, HAZARD, it HEITOHERSON,
NO us CHESTNUT ST..
0011.11118819 N 10110HANTS
FOR THE SALE OF
PHILADELPHLA - MADE
' GOODS.
0441
'l),,e Vl-„ess
THURSDAY, JANUARY 5, 1880
Publications Received.
FROII J. B. LIPPINCOTT .t CO.:
Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World,
with Narrative Illustration's. By Robert Dale
Owen, formerly member of Congress, and Ameri
can Minister to Naples. 1 vol. 12M0., pp. 528.
Philadelphia : Lippincott 't Co.
Manual of Publio Libraries, Institutions, and
Societies in the United States and British
Provinces of North America. By William J.
}theca, chief clerk of the Smithsonian Institute.
Philadelphia : Lippincott & Co.—A work too
important to be hastily passed by with a mere
acknowledgment. We shall notice it in full in a
few days, in conjunction with another most mei
ful book—Triiner's Guide to Amerloan Litera
ture.
The Organon of Scripture; or, The 'Minoan
Method of Biblical Interpretallon. By 3. H.
Lamar. Lippincott.
Poems liy Two Friends. Follett, Foster, is
Company: Columbus.
Lectures on the Philosophy and Practice
of Slavery, as exhibited In the Institution
of Domestio Slavery in the United States;
with the duties of Masters to Slaves. By
William A. Smith, D. D., President of Ilan
delph•Macon College, and Professor of Moral
and Intellectual Philosophy t Edited by Thomas
0. Summon', D. D., Nashville, Tonn. Steve:A
xon h Evans.—A very able and temperate view,
from a Southern aspect, of Slavery in America.
Messianic Prophecy, and the Life of Christ.
By 'William S. Kennedy. New York : A. S.
Barnes & Burr.
Sermons for the Poople, upon important sub
„loots. Selected from eminent Divines. New
York : A. &. Barnes (lc Burr.—Au admirable en
leotion, the best ancient and modern preachers
having boon laid under contribution.
The Christian's Instructor. By Rev. Josiah
Hopkins, D. D. Fifth edition—revised and en-
larged. A. S. Barnes A Burr.
FBOK HAYES ot ZELL
History of the Religious Society of Friends,
from its rise to the year 1828. By Samuel M.
Janney, author of The Life of William Penn,
&o. Vol. I.—lt was very desirable that a good
History of the Sooiety of Friends should be writ
ten by a competent person, and Mr. Janney ap
pears to have brought to the task large know
ledge of his subject, liberal impartiality, and
great acqualntanoo with the old books in which
the early portion of the subject is contempora
neously treated. The work will be completed
in four volumes.
FHOAI S. HAZARD, JUN.:
Re-Statements of Christian Dootrine, in twen
ty-five Sermons. By Henry W. Bellows, Minis
ter of All-Saints Church, N. Y. Pp. 434. Now
York : D. Appleton & Co.
FROM IMES CHALLEN & SON :
A Laddor to Learning for Little Climbers
showing how Play and Study may bo combined.
By Anna M. Hydo.
English History Condensed and Simplified for
Children. By Anna M. Hyde.—These are excel
lent books for young people, and might.be ad
vantageously used In schools, and for home in
struotion.
FROM G. G. EVANS
An Overland Journey, from Now York to San
Franclmo, in the Summer of 1859. By Horace
Greeley. Now York : Saxton, Barker, & Co.
116011 CIIARLIG DE SILVER
Praotiaal and Progressive Latin Grammar;
Elementary Course. By Thomas Clark. A now
and carefully revised edition, to which has been
added a Second, at Full Course of the Latin
Grammar.—We believe this to be the beet ela•
mentary work on the Latin language ever pub.
Babel
PROM T. B. ?MERLON tt. BROTIMAII :
Christian Believing and Living. Sermons by
F. D. Huntington, D. D., Preacher to the Uni
versity and Plummet Professor of Christian Mo
rals to Harvard College. I vol., hmo. Boston:
Crosby,Hiehols, A Company.
Life of Lafayette. Written for Children. By
E. Cecil. With six colored illustrations. Boston :
Crosby, Nichols, St Co. A -well•exeouted bio
graphy of one of the most chivalrous ohtimplona
of liberty during our War of Independence, and
for the succeeding half century. ,
Ftto)l J. McFentax, Ancina 'form :
The New American Cyclopedia. A popular
Dictionary of General Knowledge. Edited by
George Ripley and Charles A. Dana. Vol. VIII.
pp. 795. Articles Fugger to Haynart. New
York : D. Appleton A Co.
FROM W. B. ZIEBER :
The Art Journal for December. London: T.
E. Virtue.—A Monumental Group, by J. H.
Foley, galled "The Tomb Revisited," and first
class lina-engravings from pictures in the Royal
Collection, Buokinghem Palaoe, by Wilkie A.
Greene, are the principal illustrations of this
number. There are numerous wood-engravings
of the highest merit, and a great quantity of
letter-press, almost exclusively upon art and Da
accessories.
FROM TICKICOR A FIELUI, DORTON:
Tom Brown at Oxford, No. 2. Boston : T.
F. Seven Years and other Tales. By Julia
Revanah. Boston : T. tt F.—This is not so neat
reprint of Miss Kavanall'a excellent book as that
simultaneously published at a lower cost, by Ap•
pleton A Co., of Now York. It appears as the
first number of T. A F.'s Standard Library of
Fiction."
The Banking System of the United
States, its Defects and the inception
of a Remedy by the State of Pennsyl
vania.
(Communicated.]
A mysterious languor has long prevailed in all
departments of trade and commerce throughout
the United States. Two years or fliers ego the
banks at large suspended specie payments. The
suspension was not of long duration. It was gene
rally regarded as the effect of a popular panic.
Resumption was effected gradually throughout the
whole country; confidence was said to have been
restored ; money became, in mercantile phrase, " a
drug;" speculation revived 14 some quarters; im
portations increased correspondingly with specu
lation, and our country again wore the aspect of
strength, except in the eyes of a few, whose erne.
Hence pronounced the strength to be only the
strength of fear. Such men did not pretend to
say that the patient had not a good constitution at
the bottom ; but they then averred, and they still
aver, that there is something wrong in the action
of our commereial and financial system. Else
whence this dullness of real estate, this depression
of legitimate trade, this want of confidence amongst
men of capital, this unsteady and excitable money
market, this complaint, common to merchants,
farmers, bankers, planters, manufacturers, alike,
to say nothing of spooulatora ? all of whom say
either loudly or quietly, and emphatically, that
there is no life in trade.
Now, this state of things is plain evidence of eon
coaled ineolvenoy, somewhere, to an enormous ex
tent. If nearly the whole population of the United
States were either producing or trading legitimate
ly, snob languor and depression, such uncertainty
and want of deadens° in the future could not by
possibility have existed during two suocessive years
of good orope and of perfect peace. It is therefore
safe, or at least it is most prudent, to assume that the
present finanoinl condition of the United States is
She to that which prevailed in our country between
unoriginal suspension of payments under the sweep
lug oriole of 1837 and ultimate liquidation and per
manent resumption in 1842. It is greatly to be
hoped that the two years which we have already
suffered aro not to be prolonged into tive such years
as we had under the tedious but mighty death
struggles of the United States Bank of Pennsyl
vania.
BATINIATI
The suspension of 1837 was purely a domestic!,
affair. Land-speculation bad, in 1835 and 1838,
taken the place of farming. The result was, that
in 1837 flour wee about twenty dollars per barrel
In the United States, and exchange from the
United States on Great Brittain was at about
twenty•five'per cent. premium, or fifteen per cent.
above par. The National Government was then
hopelessly entangled withthe bead of the elm
try; and neither the United states, as a confede
ration, nor any ainglo State of our Union, enjoyed
In Europe any mob confidence as is implied in the
word credit.
The crisis that swept over the United States In
1857 was, on the oontrary, mainly of an indirect
or reflected character, being attributable primari
ly to the exhaustion of Europe generally, and of
Prance particularly, from the effects of the Russian
war. The drain of treasure to go East, and to
return no more; the enormous outlays of tho great
military Empire for armies and fleets, soon put the
Bank of France upon the purchase of coin at a
premium. Now, when the notes of the Bank of
France ware below the value of speme, in 1854,
1855, and 1858, every banker and financier throitgla
out the oivilised world should have understood
that the Bank of France had virtually suspended
oash payments. What is suspension in tho daze o
bank but Inability to keep its notes exchange
able without premium for specie?
During the time abovemamed of Frenoh ember
PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY. JANUARY 5, 1860.
rassments, the banks of the United Statile opened .
themselves to draught of the white of their specie •
reserves at any moment. There was more or lees
specie at all times in tho vaults of the banks of our
seaboard. The aggregate =mitt of that specie
was quite immaterial in practice, for the enormous
capital anti credit of the dealers in European ex
change, who are concentrated in the city of New
York, enabled them to keep ' 6 co call" at all
times such an amount of money as would at any
moment drain our batird of their gold and Giver
coin, anti leave our people—the people of the whole
United States—temporarily, at least, with nothing
but paper currency as a measure of value. In
August, 1857, a email cloud suddenly gathered, a
general blackening of the heavens immediately en
sued, and a Storm of portentous violence °rumbled
many structures, which a few days before had been
supposed to be of prodigious strength.
That storm soon reached, Great Britain. The
Bank of England bad, by loans to bankers on bills
of exchange, previously put herself, moot in
judiciously, in the power of the "leading draw.
ore," and eho was therefore obliged to ask the fridul:
genus of the Ministry, and of Parliament, foe an
Issue of one-pound notes, or, in other words,. for a
virtual ausponsion of cash payments. Since that,
time she hoe adopted the rule of lending no more
to the class of customers who humbled her to nave
themselves in 1857. It is competent for tho people
of the United States, it is competent for the people
of any State in the Union, to protect themselves
against future debasement of the currency, and
we propose to inquire how that protootion %nay be
effeeted.
An excise of oonsldorable amount, in the nature
of a stamp-tax on bankers' European iixobango,
drawn or sold in the United States nt loowJn time
- than three or tive days' sight would be a constitu
tional and effective measure for adoption byout na
tional Legislature. There is but ono reason why
bankers check on Europe at sixty dap' lisp, and
that reason is plain. It is to gain an enormous and
overgrown credit, by means of which they get the
control of the speoio boats of the currency Of the
country for the benefit of Europe, in time of &mice,
or of war, or during the painful suspense of a do.
bious poems. Wby should the banker, who chocks
from Now York, or Philadelphia on New Orleans at
sight, chock on Liverpool, or London, or Paris, or ,
Hamburg at sixty days, get from his onstomerS
for foreign exchange the notes of our own banke
in paymens of that time-exchange, lend "on
the money so borrowed on Iris credit, and thus get;
without any sort of taxation, a monstrous oonir6l, for
foreign account and interest, of the metallic fora. , ,
datione of our currency ?
But the matter above indicated belongs to us as
a matter of general interest only. Our concern;
as a State Doi:naive and as a State Legislature, id
with the currency of our own Commonwealth; and ,
hero we should boar in mind that a sound currency
is of the highest importance to any oomniUnity;
and that the State which best regulates its own
currency most, in the long run, have the most
prosperous and virtuous population. Suspension
of cash payments by banks demoralises the whole
community. Their example is pregnant wi,th mis
chief; and disregard of all contracts follows close.
ly on suspension, stay•laws, and all other 'oonse
games of a bad currency.
The banking law of this Commonwealth, (the
act of 1850, we mean) is full of absorditk4 and
unreasonable provisions. It requires country
banks to maintain their issues at a eertain7alue
elsewhere than at their own counters ; and under
color of this provision the banks of the oily of
Philadelphia lately endeavored to regulate the rs !
demption of the notes of the country banks,pd al
most to monopolize the oiroulation of ban Te notes
throughout the State. We can see no reason why
it is not just as proper fur city banks to redeem at
convenient points in the country as It Is for
country hooka to redeem in the principal thy of
the State. Nay, we go further as to city Unita,
for we do not see any good reason why they should
wish to make currency at all. Cities are, orehoull
be points of purchase and sale, points of aArose
lion of cash capital. City banks should therefore,;
by all means, be bard-money
Country banks, on the other hand, represent MAW ,
ly a population subsisting by agricultural or Inimul
featuring or mining industry. Aare—in the count
try we mean—la the labor, and here only should bo
the temporary facility and convenient breakwater
against unfeeling hard-money apt:ciliation whieh
bank-note elroulation is designed to p! 0 " 14 4.4" 1 *
city is a vast commission house, having abundant
credit for its own good and for the good of the Com
monwealth, without any adventitious help from
bank note circulation. Tho simple plan, therefore,
for tho good of all stases, is to offer to tho city lac
duceuients to maintain a purely metallic currency,
and to suffer the country banks to go on without
any other proviolon of law than that they shall, as
they value their charters, redeem on demand at
their own counters.
Recent legislation (rays an cot of Assembly
approved —, 1858) has given to individuals
the right to contract as to loam of money at rates
of interest above six par contain per annum. To
extend a like benefit, or any part thereof, to a hank
enjoying tho privilege of nicking currency—that is
to say, a circulation of notes of the low do.
nomination of five dollars—would evidently elevate
such corporation above an individual who, what
ever may he lie wealth, cannot lawfully issue a
circulation payable on derpand. utif a bank
were allowed to charge seven per cent= per ag
o= in commutation for the renunciation of all
circulation of its own or other notes below the
denomination of ten dollars, eight per cent. for a
like renunciation as to denaminationsbelow twenty
dollars, and nine per oont. for renunciation of all
circulation below fifty dollars, probably .ail the
banks of the city of Philadelphia would, in the
end, come up to the lest•named highest ratio of
commutation. The dixuso of notes below fifty dol
lars would make the currency of our great me
tropolis, and reflectively that of the State at large,
Independent of those fluctuations which must, front
time to time, so greatly convulse our sister State
and city of Now York so long us tho specie of her
bunks is under foreign control, which way at any
moment of political or commercial disturbance
sweep away the precious metals to another conti
nent, and leave In the bends of ber citizens a oUr
'tau which the Comptroller of the State cannot
find immediate means to redeem, although it theo
retically rumps firmly on the loans of the Empire
State.
Under the liberal privileges which bavirre - elt
suggeiited as to the rates of discounts by banks re
nouncing circulation, the instituting so commuting
could afford to pay into the treasury of the Cons.
monwealth a moderate tax on the large deposits
which they enjoy by virtue of their location in
larger cities. We would suggest one-tenth of one
per cent. per month, payable at the end of oaoh
month, on the average not or real deposits of said
month, to be verified by the joint oath or solemn
affirmation of the cashier and prieeipel bookkeep
er of each bank; the amount of the aforesaid ta*
to ho pledged by act of Assembly as a sinking fund
fur the redemption of the loans of the Common.
pealth.
If we are right In the premises with which ilds
lino of argument was begun—to wit: that a vast
amount of conocaleal bankruptcy exusts throughout
the United States, depressing energy and logy
mate enterprise, and involving trade and es/a
merce in great hazards—then we cannot too
speedjly proceed in a reformation of the banking
system of our State. In 1811, a national bankrupt
law developed the existence of an amount Of
insolvenoy which had existed during several , yeara
of mysterious previews depression, but which few
persons had suspected to exist to such an altruting
extent. Why should not the Logialatureviof this
Commonwealth make at once eueh enactments, ip
respect to currency, as will, in any contingency,
make the hard-working farmbre, metsitanics,
miners, and manufacturers of Pennsylvania com
paratively tale in their property and in tht fruits of
their honest toil? Why should we aontemplato with
patience the possible substitution of irreaemnable
paper for precious metals In this ooniteetion we
may remark that, in 1842, the lion. 'bury Clay,
no hard-money 111121, admitted—or rather stated—
that the k-note currency of the whole United
States was at that time as nearly as poasible equal
to, and not greater than, the whole estimated
amount of gold and silver coin in the country.
The ourronoy was then pure ; the United States
Bank of Pennsylvania, and many minor bankrupt
banks, having then Just died, after many hard
struggles.
The report of the Secretary of the Treasury of the
United States shows that, immediately after the
suspension of 185 T—that Is to say, whilst all the
banks in our country were endeavoring, not to ex-:
pond, but to liquidate and to reams) specie pay
monts—the aforesaid report, we any, shows that
then signin, fora few months, just about two years
age, there Was an equalization of bank-note ear
rency and of colts throughout the United Stalea.
Now, utter two years of unprosporous distrust,
growing' out of paper expansion, bank-note circu
lation, throughout the length and breadth of the
lend, Is greatly in excess of the specie lands. It
behooves the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to
take the lend in establishing the oiresdation of
gold and silver only, at least In our commercial
metropolis.
Max Kimain.—A man named John Cloud, a
resident of the suburbs of Columbia, wee killed by
the passenger train of ears on its way down from
Marietta to Columbia, on kiaturdsy morning last,
running over him, between the tunnel at
Point" and St. Charles foremen The unfortunate
man was dreadfully mangled, He skull Wok
smashed, and his leg crushed off near the ankle.
Doubtless, whiskey was the prime cc the fret cause
of his death, a bottle of It being fund on his per
son.—Harrisburg Union.
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE
EXECUTIVE CUAMBER,
11ARRISOU140, Jan. 4 1880.
To the Honorable the Senators and Members
of the House of Representatives of the Com
monwealth of l'annxylvania
GENTLELINN : In complying with that provision
of the Constitution of Pennsylvania which makes
it the duty of the Governor, from time to time, to
give to the General Assembly information of the
atm° of the Commonwealth, I Elan moat happy, on
thin ocoasion, again toaeongratulate the represen
tatives of the people upon the highly favorable
oondition of the Oneness of the State. •
The receipts at the State Treasury, from all
sources, for the flood year ending on the 30th of
November, 1859, were $3,820,350.14, to which add
balance In Treasury, December 1, 1858, $892,027.70,
and it will bo seen that the whole sum available
for the year was $1,718,377.00. The expenditures,
.for all purposes, during the same period, were
$3,879,054 81—leaving an available balance in
the Treasury, on the Ist day of December, 1859, of
$839,323 09. Included in the expenditures for the
fiscal year are the following sums—Vie :
Loans redeemed.
sates cancelled .. 4.137 el interest certi fi cates p aid 4,813 30
Making of tho public debt notually paid. -
during the year, the sum or 80,24 60
The tundod end unfunded debt of the Common-
wealth, on the let day of December, 1858, was as
follows:
EDEI=2II
6 per cont.loardi
6 do
Total funded debt
UNFUNDED DEBT
Relief notes outstanding.
Interest certificate. ..
Lo do unclaimed.
Domestic, creditors
Total unfunded debt. . ... 13.3,958 W
Making the entire debt of the Dounnonwealth,
at the per iod named, $39,484,213.117.
The funded and unfunded debt of the State, at
the close of the last fiscal year, December 1, 164,
stood as foklpws :
6 loans
por cent a .
4% do
4 do .
Total (Orland debt ......... ............ 37
!MIT:CUED inair.
Raliaf notes In circulation . 8101,213 00
Interest °orb finatea outstanding 11,513 82
Do unclaimed ... . 4,410 3-.4
Domestic creditors 802 GO
Total unfunded debt . , 124.977 70
Making the public, debt on the first day of De
cember lest, $13,638,961.07.
Since the oleic of the fiscal year, the commission
ers of the sinking fund have redeemed, of the live
per cent. loans, the sum of $lOO,OOO, leaving the
real debt of the Commonwealth, at this time, funded
and unfunded, $33 478,961.07. If we deduct from
this sure the amount of the bonds received by the
Stale, from the Ale of her public works, and now
held by her, as follows :
Bonds of the Pennsylvania Railroad Corn-
BL a la e
pany • • • •• • • •
Bonds of Wyoming Canal Compeer
Total ~......911,081e00 00
we ha1e527,301,1161.01, the remaining debt of the
Commonwealth, the principal and interest to be
provided for, from the ordinary souroes of revenue.
It will be observed, that from the let day of De
cember, 1838, to the 31st day of December, 1859, a
period of thirteen months, besides meeting all the
ordinary &mends upon the Treasury, there has
boon actually paid, on the principal of the public
debt, $1,009,282 60.
When it is remembered that, during this period,
the law reducing the State tax upon reel and per
sonal estate, from three to two and a half mills, has
been in full force, and that nothing for the last year
has boon received from the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company, on account of tax on tonnage, making
the receipts, from those two warm of revenue, lees
by four hundred thousand dollars, than they were
for the preceding year, it is a souroo of congratu
lation that, under such oirotunstanees, a result eo
favorable has been produced by the ordinary ope
rations of the Treasury.
For nearly two years past the State has been
entirely free from the ownership or management
of canals and railroads, and the gratifying . result,
thus far, is, that her public debt is now less than
it has been since the year 1812, and is decreasing
at the tato of nearly ono million of dollars per an
num It to now morally curtain that nothing but
the grossest mismanagement of the financial in
terests of the State can prevent its sure and speedy
extinguishment. Why should not Pennsylvania
press onward until she is entirely froo from debt?'
She is longer engaged in the construction oft
groat works of internal improvement, nor is elm
the proprietor of railroads or canals. Believed of
these, goveromental notion is greatly simplified,
and is now happily limited to subjects of a purely
governmental character. Having sensed to bo in
terested in ordinary business pursuits, it is her
plain duty to devote her beet energies to relieving
her prople from the burden of an onerous debt.
When this groat result shall have been accom
plished. ihu_mbormary. enomditurees of at economi
cal administration of the government can be
readily met without the imposition of a State tax
on reel or personal estate—the remaining sources
of revenue being more than sufficient tor all lo
etiolate purposes. until that end, so anxiously
looked to, is scoured, true wisdom, as well 11.3
sound polio', dictates that our resources should be
carefully husbanded; that none of our present
merest of revenue should be cut off or diminished ;
that all departments of government should consult
a proper economy; that all extravagant and un
ueeessary appropriations should be avoided, and
that every now scheme for embarrassing the Tree
sury should meet with marked condemnation.
tncournging, as ere the results of the past two
jears, it must not be forgotten, that we have but
ust commenced the payment of the principal of
our debt; and that to prevent a misapplication of
the public finances, and thereby insure a continu•
once of its reduction, from year to year, is mend•
featly the first duty of those placed by the Consti
tntion in charge of the public Treasury, and to
whom belongs the exclusive right of raising, econo
mising, and appropriating the public revenue. I
earnestly commend this whole subject to the care
ful attention of the Legislature—entirely satisfied,
that, as it is the most vital of all the interests coin.
witted to the charge of the General Assembly, it
will receive that consideration which its import
ance so eminently demands
In my lost annual message, I communicated to
the General Assembly all that, up to that period,
had been dune under the act, entitled An act for
the sole of the State canals." approved April 21,
1858 Since the adjournment et the last Ilegisla
tore, catialuctory evidence having been given to
me, of the compliance of tho Sunbury and Erie
Railroad Company, with the conditions mentioned
in the third section of the act referred to, the State
Treasurer, under my direction, has delivered to
the eompany the canal howls for two millions of
dollars, deposited in the Treasury under the pro•
visions of the said act.
The railroad company has also become entitled
to, and hos received, tine million of dollars of the
mortgage bonds referred to in the sixth section of
the coins act; leaving mortgage bonds amounting
to two and a half millions dollars, still remain
ing in the Treasury of the Commonwealth, to bo
doliverod to the company, " from time to time,
pare jeers,,, with the progress of the work, as as
certained by the returns and eetiinates of the chief
engilieCr of the said company." When the bonds,
last tuentloned, shall have been surrendered to the
company, as directed by law, the state will still I
bold, as absolute owner, three rind a half millions
of dollars of the mortgage bonds of the company,
payeblo in the year 1872, and In the six succeeding
guars, as mentioned in the not of Assembly, with
interest, at the rats of five per centum per annum.
payable semi annually, on the thirty•first days of
January and July of mica fear. Intorested, as the
Commonwealth is, in tho ugly completion of this
important thoroughfare, it atiordr Ice groat plea
sure to be ablo to inform the General Assembly
that the progress of tho work, for the past year,
has been highly satisfsotory.
:rho Eastern division of the road, extending from
Sunbury, in the county of Northumberland, to
Wetham, In the county of Clinton, a distance of
eighty ono mike, is finished; passenger and
freight trellis passing over it daily. The Western
division, extending from the city of Erie to the
borough of Warren, in the county of Warren, a
distatico of sixty•six miles, is OW completed, with
regularpassenger and freight tralus now running
over it daily. Making ono hundred and forty-so.
von tidies of railway, along the lino of the route,
that have boon already brought into practical ope•
ration—ono hundred and seven miles of which, ex
dusts o of sidings, wore finished during the past
year. On tho intermediate portion of the line, be.
twee,, the borough of Warren and Wethnin sta•
Lion, a distance. of one hundred and forty miles,
ninety•five mid u half miles aro graded, leaving
but lorty-four and a halftones yet to be graded, to
place the whole el the unfinished portion of the
read in a position to receive tho superstructure.
If no untoward event shall delay its vigorous prose
cution, another year will not pass before the entire
lino of the real trill Ito finished and in ties ; thus
allotding a ilizaot and continuous communication
by railroad from the city of Philadelphia to the
harbor of Erie.
By tho teenty-seemid section of the act up
prol d the ljth day of Aptil, 18111, entitled "An
not to incorporate the petinqlvania Hothead Com
pany," it is piovidcd " that all tonnage, of what
see; or kind or description, except the ordinary
baggage of passengers, loaded or received at Har
risburg or Vitt4burg, or at any internirdinto point,
and carried or conveyed on or over said railroad,
more than twenty miles, between the 10th day of
March and the let day of December '
in each and
every year, shall be subject to a toll or duty, for
for the use of tho Commonivenith, at the rata of
are Olt, per male for each ton of two thousand
pounds; and it shall be the duty of cold company,
between the :10th and :10th days of July, and be.
tweet, the let out lath days of December, in ouch
and Lvery year, after thlity mites or more of said
railroad shall have been completed and in use, to
cause to be made out, and liled with the Auditor
cur rot, a I, cc and correot stetetnont, exhibiting
the amount of said hilltop, so landed or received,
and the dietetic° co carried end imivoyed, dating
the respeetive periods intervening between the
said 10th day.of March slid the ',lllth day of July, end
between the wild 20th elJuly and the lst of De
°ember, in ettela and or cry year ; which said state
ment shell be verified by the oath or affir
mation of the 'Tech log or tbrwardlng agent
or agents, or other proper officer or °Meets,
of sstd eompany having knowledge of the pre
mises; and at the time of fille t ; wild statement,
en ni before the said Uri) day of July, and the 10th
Jay of December. In each and every near, the said
comp my doll pay to the Wale !Preabnrsr the
amount of said toll or duty Eli 11110,1011 g, for tllO use
or the CGIMII O rIWr all h, during tile lezpecilve inter
vening periods before mentioned " And. in a sup.
plement to the act just referred to p 1, ,, ed on the
same day, it wag further provided, that In moo
raid company shall, ht any time, fail to pay the tell
or charge on tonnage, 'whirl, may accrue, or be
come duo to the Commonwealth under the provi
sions of said act, the voice shah be and remain a
lien on the property of the sold eempany, and shall
have precedence over all oilier liens or imam
broncos thereon until paid." By the not of the
7th of March, 1840, the tax on tonnage of Elven:11110
por ton, por mile, from the 10th of March to the
let of December, was umlauted to a tax of three
mills per ton, per mile, during the whole year.
Subsequently, by the act ot the 7th of May, 1855,
lumber and coal were made exempt from the ton
nage tax.
In pursuance of the provisions of the several acts
referred to, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company
has paid into the Treasury of the Comnionvrealh
the following sumo, viz :
For , the Neal rear ending November 30, 14.51, 17 , ; : 54 03
6.5,713
USA, 112 liso 3o
11,5.5. 129 2.51
••
1.511, 22,1 MS 01
1n37, 171,933 16
4.
1030. 224333 02
Since July, 1858, the railroad company has re
fused to pay this tax, and consequently there is
now duo from said company, on that account, ex
clusive of interest, the sum of $350,405 00.
On the 21st of February, 1959, an account wits
settled, by the Auditor General, against the coin
pany, for the tax on tonnage, from the 21st day of
July to the 30th day of November,
1850, inclusive,
amounting to the sum of $87,375.22. Frtitn - this
settlement, the company, on the 10th day of April,
took an appeal to the Court of Common Pleas of
Dauphin county ; and, in the specifloations of oh
jeetions which wore filed, it was averred that the
tax was unconstitutional, and an opinion to that
effect, signed by eminent °mined, was filed in the
office of the Auditor General, at the time the ap
peal was entered. In August last, the cause was
tried, and atter it full Investigation end argument,
the constitutionality of the law imposing the tax
was affirmed by the court, and a verdict and judg
ment rendered in favor of the Commonwealth, fur
the =omit claimed, with interest. The ease has
since been removed, by a writ of error, to the Su
premo Court of the State, and will, probably, be
heard and determined, by that tribunal, in the
course of the present winter.
On the 25th day of August last, another account
was settled against the company, for the tax on
tonnage, from the 30th day of November, 1858, to
the 20th day of July, 1850, amounting to the sum
of $150,388.58, from which an appeal has also been
taken by the railroad company, and which will
probably be tried during the present month.
As this question largely }zircons the revenue of
the Commonwealth, and as the principle involved
is ono of the first importance, 1 have deemed it a
duty to lay before the General Assembly, somewhat
in detail, the history of this tax, and the present
condition of the legal controversy growing out of
its imposition and enforcement. It will be observed
that the plower of the State to grant chartered
rights and corporate privileges to a ralload com
pany, upon the condition that It shall . pay to the
Commonwealth a portion of its earnings, in the
shape of a fixed tax upon the freight carried over
the road, is questioned by the company, and that,
too, after the grant has taken effect, and while the
corporation. is in the full enjoyment of all the bene
fits conferred upon it by its charter. The question,
it is true, is a legal one ' and its decision, therefore,
rests with the judicial department of the Govern
ment; but I have not the slightest doubt that the
decision, when had, will entirely vindicate the
right of the Government to impose the tax, and to
compel corporations of its own creation to obey the
law from which they derive their existence. When
it is remembered that the tax was originally im
posed in order to indemnify the State, to some ex
tent, for losses which she was eure to sustain from
a competition which was inevitable between the
railroad authorized and her main line of public,
works; and that this competition did, not only se
riously affect the revenues of the Commonwealth,
derived from her public, improvements, but ulti
mately induced the sale of the main line to the
railroad company itself, at a price many millions
of dollars below what It would have produced in
the absence of such competition, it is certainly not
to bo presumed that the Commonwealth will will
ingly yield her demand for revenue from this
source, until she is, at least, fully indemnified for
the pecuniary injury sustained in the depreciation
of her own property, by her liberality extended to
the company which now denies her power to en
terse a contract, voluntarily entered Into, upon a
consideration entirely adequate.
The annual report of the Superintendent of
Common Schools, with the tables and documents
accompanying it, will exhibit the condition of the
vast engine of social improvement to which it re
lates engine
number of pupils, in all the public
schools of the State, is 631.851 ; of cahoots, 11,495;
and of teachers, 14,071. The sande have been in
operation, on an average over the whole State, five
months and nine days. The average salary of male
teachers is $24.36, and of female metiers $17.79,
and tho cost of instruction per pupil fifty-three
mints per month. The average tax for tuition,
to , is 'about five and a half mills, and for building
purposes about three and one-sixth mills on .the
dollar. Including the city of Philadelphia, the
entire coot of tuition, de., was $2,047,661.92; the
building expenses, $331,413.85; and the whole ex
pense ot the. system in the State, for the year,
$2,579,075 77.
Though the school year ending on the first Mon
day of June last, was one of unusual difficulty in
money Weirs, yet the system manifests en encour
aging activity in all its departments, while the
rate of taxation, both for tuition and buildings,
would appear, from the official report, to have
somewhat decreased. lint, it is by a contrast of
the present condition of the system with that of
1854, when Dal - agencies now operating so benefi
cially were created, that results are most plainly
seen. Within that period, the whole number ut
pupils has boon increased nearly one-seventh—of
teachers, one thirteenth—and the salary of teach
ers, the best index of improvement, one-sixth for
males, and one-fourth for females. These results,
with the others which the official report will ex
hibit, unerringly point to the duty, as well as no
comity, of the utmost oars and attention, on the part
of alt public agents, to this primary social
Lion—primary in importance, no less than In the
career of each citizen. To strengthen, to retain
pure, and to properly direct, this tocintain-head of
eociiil influenue, to, it seems to tue, the great duty
of the law-maker, in his highest and most respon
sible capacity, as the framer of the future of the
State,
8445,130 00
119 t2O 90 07
369 eou 00
IX,OOO 00
SD :ZS .0 67
6105.:20 00
23,357 12
A,AI3 Si
LO
640,636 00
37,676 153 87
MS 200 00
WO OiX) DO
CNA (Kra (X)
2i1,m3 Oo
The attention of the General Assembly was
called, somewkat at length, to the existing condi
tion and further requirementeof our wheel system,
iu the annual message of last year. It is not,
therefore, necessary to repeat the suggestions and
conclusions then presented. They are again, how
ever, commended to your favorable consideration;
the events and experience of the intervening pe
riod, having Increased the conviction of their pro
priety. This is especially the ease in regard to
the plan devised by the net of 20th of May, 1857,
for tho duo training of teachers for the cowmen
schools of the State. A full supply of competent
teachers is admitted by all to be the great need
of the system, and the first want to be provided I
for. Unerring indication', in every quarter, nut
only establish this foot, but point to (he general
adoption of the proposed tllOllll9, at no distant day
The efforts of the teachers, themselves, for profes
sional improvement, encouraged and sustained by
all who duly estimate the value and influence of
the toucher's office, not only foretell this, but the
strong public sentiment in laver of institutions fur
the purpose in question confirms the probability of
this reault. In every quarter, indications of this
kind aro perceived, more or lose strong in propor
tion to the force of local circumstances. In the
Second Normal district, composed of the counties
of Lm waster,
ncaster York, and Lebanon, an iustitution,
up to the full requirements of the law of 1957, has
been established and officially recognized, and is
now iu successful operation, as a State Normal
school. For its details the Legislature is respect.
fully referred to the annual report of tha Superin.
tendont of Common Schools; but, I should do in
justice bottle intelligent enterprise which moulded,
and the enlarged philanthropy which produced,
this noble institution, as well as to my own feel'
Inge, were I to forbear congratulating you upon
the result. It is the first fruit of a law which
seems to be as muolt in accordance with the cau
tious, yet generous, character of our people, as it Is
admirably adapted to effect the great end in view.
All that seems requisite to give full effeot and
general success to the plan is, at this juneture, to
guard it from mutilation, or radical change. It
the intelligent and liberal minds that aro now
weighing the project, and contemplating its exten
sion to other parts of the State, be assured that
this is the settled policy, their efforts will be con
centrated, their activity inereased, and final sue
cuss bo hastened. Whereas, radical or important
changes will destroy this growing confidence, crush
the hopeful efforts now being made, and. postpone
for years, if not totally destroy, all hop? of suectss
in this essential departmept of public instruction
The tree metro will he to cherish the law, and
bring it into general operation, by holding out the
certainty of State aid to each institution establish
ed under it, as soon ae a certain number, to be
fixed by law, shall have been legally recognised.
and are in full operation. The money of the State
appropriated In thie manner will ef f ect mere bene
fit, in proportion to the outlay, than in any other of
the operations of the system. The instruction of
the child is n duty; but the instruction of the
teacher is economy as well as duty. It will pro
bably be advisable to make ouch appropriations,
payable only when the schools are legally recog
nized and in full operation, This course will have
the double effect of guarding against loss by the
State, and of stituutating ipto early existence a
eufficiont pumber of institutions to supply the ex
isting want in every quarter of the State.
The period for the third election of County Su
perintendents is rapidly approaching, and the pub
lie mind will paturally be turned to the results of
the office. My own observation, as well as inform
ation from various and reliable sources, leads to
the opinion that thin office, when filled by the pro
per person, and Its duties discharged in full coin.
pilule') with the design and spirit of the law crea
ting it, has been of great advantage to the schools.
Indeed, no candid person can deny the fact, appa
rent to oven alight observation, that more improve
ment has been effected in the workings and results
of the system, since the creation of the office of
County Superintendent, than in any previous pe
riod of even double duration. It is true, that when
examined by illOorripoteut officers, or crippled by
insufficient compensation, little, if any, advantage
has accrued. But this is no argument agelnst the
office itself; and it is to be hoped that the directors
of counties thus heretofore deprived of the benefits
of this egonoy, will, at the next election, noting
under the teachings of experience at home, and the
light of success front other parts, correct this evil
and realize the full benefits of this provision of
the law.
The increasing ease and soundness of our finan
cial condition, will, at no remote period, justify an
addition to the eonimon-sehool appropriation. The
general policy of the State has been that each dis
trict shall raise within itself the main support of
its own schools; bat, an annual donation, distribu
[ebb) amongst them all, in proportion to popula•
Lion, has also been a part of that policy. The ob
ject of this State grant comes to he two-fold : First
--It is a tnoans of securing regularity in the pro•
cm:dings and reports of the several districts, so
that the Popartment of Common Schools shall bale
the requisite information for the duo discharge of
its functions: And second—lt lightens, in some
degree, the burden of local taxation, to the relief
of the poorer mill more sparsely peopled diatriots.
An increase of the annual appropriation would en
hanoo both •theito objects, and, whenever the fi
nances of the government willjustify it, coin.
mends itself to the favorable consideration of the
Legislature.
The aid whioh the Legislature hue hitherto ex•
tended to the establishment of tho Farmers' high
Sohool, of Pennivivania, stro ng ly eylneoe their high
TWO CENTS.
appreciation of the advantages which it is antici
pated will grow out of that tastitution. While It
must be admitted that knowledge is as essential to
the art of farming as it is to ail the other employ
ments of life, we cannot but feel deeply interested,
that a community so peculiarly agricultural as we
are should have all the advantages of an education
which combines in itself as well the knowledge of
the practical art of agriculture as scientific ac
quirements In all those branches of learning which
are especially applicable to its profitable pursuit.
A school where agriculture is practically taught is
a new field to which our attention has been called ;
and ono which, because of its great importance,
well deserves our attention. It embraces the prin
ciple, that while yenta are 'taught habits of in
dustry, they are impressed with the proud con
sideration that the labor of their own hands con.
tributes to their acquisition of knowledge. And
thus, too, education is brought within the reach of
many a brighti genius, who would otherwise struggle
and languish for the want of the means of acquiring
it Our school, within its limited means, has been
in successful operation during the past year ; htv
lug under its charge one hundred boys, who, while
they are carefully instructed in all those branches
of science which pertain to a high order of educa
tion, aro daily engaged in all the practical opera
tions of the farm—Siting them to return to rural
life, and to infuse throughout the State an amount
and kind of knowledge tihich must ultimately pro
duce a most beneficial influence upon this most
cherished branch of industry. I. he practical work
logs of the school, for the past year, have impressed
the trustees, who have it in charge, with the high
est hopes of its complete success. The great in
terest which is everywhere felt throughout the
Commonwealth, In the further extension and pro
gress of tho institution, commends it to our Care
and protection.
The State Librarian will report to you the com
pletion of the descriptive and classified catalogue
of the books in the State Library, authorized by
the not of the 16th of April, 1855—a work, from
the details it embraces, of much labor, but which
will greatly facilitate the use of the library. It
will be seen, from his report, that the origin of the
library dates far back in the history of the provin
cial Government; and that it received the fostering
care of the Commonwealth during the period of the
Revolution. It is gratifying than, notwithstanding
the waste to which it has been subject in past
years, owing to the want of proper attention—un
der the careful supervision of the present librarian
it has, since he has had the charge of it, nearly
doubled its number of volumes, and now contains
in all 22,000 volumes—the largest State Library in
the Union, with the single exception of that of the
State of New York. The collection of law books,
and especially law reports, is considered by those
competent to judge, among the best in the country.
The library, from its intrinsic value and impor
tance, and its historic relations, deserves, and I
trust it will receive, the continued liberality of the
Legislature.
in my inaugural address,
as well as in my last
annual message, I expressed the opinion that our
present banking system was extremely defective,
and that, unless it wore radically changed, I should
consider it an imperative duty to withhold the Ex
ecutive approval from all bills creating new banks
Without again giving in detail the reasons which
influenced my action on this question, or repeating
the suggestions and recommendations heretofore
made to the Legislature, it is proper to remark, at
this time, that my convictions have been confirmed,
by time and reelection—that my opinions remain
unchanged, and that I cannot approve of any in
crease of banking corporations under existing
laws. If corporate privileges, for banking pur
poses, are needed to accommodate the business
wants of any portion of the State, justice requires
that such institution should be compelled to protect
the community receiving its circulation, by requir
ing that ample security shall be given for the
prompt redemption of its notes, the sufficiency of
which no act of the corporation could impair. All
experience in this State, and elsewhere, has de
monstrated that the present system affords little
or no protection to notedsolders, beyond the per
sonal integrity of the officers controlling the man
agement of the Several banks. For a full exposi
tion of my views on this question, I respectfully call
the attention of the General Assembly to my last
annual message.
The reports of the Auditor General, the State
Treasurer, the Surveyor General, the Adjutant
General, and the Attorney General, will be laid
before you, and will show, in detail, the operations
of their respective departments for the past year.
Deeply impressed with the belief that the pre
sent mode of receiving, keeping, and disbursing
the public revenue is entirely unsafe, and inade
quate to the oomplete protection of the interests of
the Commonwealth involved, I again respectfully,
though earnestly, invoke legislative action on this
highly important subject. The receipts and dis
bursements of the Treasury are each, annually,
from three to four millions of dollars. At times
there is on hand a balance exceeding one million
of dollars. Tho State Treasurer gives security to
the Commonwealth in the sum of only eighty thou
sand dollars. Ile deposits the money of the State
when and where he pleases, and it is paid out upon
his own check exclusively. Ills accounts are set
tled by the Auditor General onee a month, and
this is, apparently, the only safeguard provided
by law to prevent the illegal use of the public
fonds while under the control of the State Trem
rer. That the Treasury of the Commonwealth has
hitherto escaped from disastrous defalcation
owing to the integrity of the officer, and not to the
efficiency of the laws, sad while our main reliance
in the future must be on the honesty of the'
officers to whom the department is entrust
ed, it is, nevertheless, the plain duty of the
government, by proper legislative enactments, to
prevent, as far as possible, the illegal, improper, or
fraudulent use of the funds of the State by a faith
less or dishonest public agent. I respectfully re
commend, that provision be made by law that no
money shall be deposited in any hank, or else
where, by the State Treasurer, without first requir
ing security to be given to the Commonwealth for
the prompt repayment of the sums deposited ; that
all cheeks, is,ucd by the State Treasurer Omit be
eountersigned by the Auditor General, before they
are used; and that daily accounts of the moneys
received, deposited and disbursed, shall be kept in
the office of the Auditor General as well as in the
Treasury Department; and that weekly state
ments of the balances in the Treasury, and the
places and amounts of deposits, shall be kept in a
book to he provided for that purpose in oath de
partment.
Tho ColurnissiOliera appointed in pursuance of the
resolutions et the 19th of April, 1854, to revise the
penal code of this Commonwealth, have presented
to me their final report, which is herewith train
witted to the General Aammbly. Its importance
to our whole community, and the great labor de
voted to its preparation, commend it to your early
and earnest attention. The manner in which the
duties of the commission hove been performed can
not fail, in my opinion, to receive your approba•
tion.
1 commend to your fostlfcre the State
Lunatic Asylum at Harr ; the Western
Pennsylvania Hospital for t rine, at Pitts
burg; the Asylum for tile Blind, at Philadelphia;
the Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, at Philadel
phia; the Pennsylvania Training School for
Idiotic and Feeble minded Children, at Media;
the Douse of Refuge, at Philadelphia; and the
Western Rouse of Refuge, at Pittsburg. These
excellent, charitable, and reformatory State insti
tutions have done, and are doing, almost incalcu
lable good in the relief of suffering humanity, and
in the reclamation and reform of the erringyoung.
They havestrong claims upon the continued bounty
of the Commonwealth. The annual report of these
noble charities will be laid before you, and will
exhibit, in detail, their operations during the past
year.
I refrain from recommending, as proper objects
for the bounty of the State, a number of benevo
lent and charitable associations, equally humane
and beneficent in their operations; because they
are entirely local in their elaaraoter, and however
meritorious their claims may be, and uoqaestiona
bly are, upon the respective communities for whose
particular use they aro founded and conducted, in
my opinion, they have no claims upon the
treasury of the State, which can be recognized with
a just regard to the interests and rights of other
sections of the Commonwealth.
The editor of the Colonial Records and Pennsyl
vania Arshivey has prepared a copious index to the
whole work, which trill ha laid before the Legida
tare at an early day of the session. This publica
tion is row completed, and it is a satisfaction to
know that tho records of the colony, as well as
thoso of the State, preceding tbo adoption of the
Constitution of 1790, era now of easy access to the
public, and in a condition which renders their en
tire destruction impossible. .T recommend that a
suitable sum be paid by tho Commonwealth to the
editor of tbo Reciords and Archives, for the work
performed by him since the discontinuance of his
Calory.
I have so repeatedly presented my views to the
Legislature, of the evil, arising from local and
class legislation, that it is not necessary again to
repeat them. I desire, however, to call the attention
of the General Assembly to the feet that we have, on
our statute books, general laws providlngfor the in
corporation of railroad, turnpike, bridge, plank
road, gas, water, insurance, nod other similar cora
ponies, and that all corporate powers granted by
the Legislature, to suoh companies, should be under
these general laws, so that there may bo uniformi
ty in the provisions of similar association, and that
the time of the General Assembly may not be cc
copied in passing bills of great length, when a
simple reference to the detatis of the general laws
would answer every purpose.
The practice of sending to the Executive a large
nuns or of bills hamodiately preceding the final
adjournment of the Legislature is highly ob•
jectionable, and ought, ae far as practicable, to bo
discontinued. Its necessary conskluence is either
to compel the Executive to approve hills which he
has not fully examined, to sign them after the
final adjournment, or, if ho disapprove them, to
return them to the next General Assembly, with
his objections—thus imposing upon a succeeding
Legislature the final disposition of bills, with the
origin and passage of which it had no connection.
To illustrate the evils resulting from this practice,
it is only necessary to inform you that, of the
largo number of bills presented for my approval,
within a day or two of the adjournment of the last
Legislature, I em constrained, by a sense of duty,
to return, with my objections, twenty-three to the
present Legislature for reconsideration.
It is apparent from the exhibit of the financial
condition of the General Government, recently
made public, that the wants of the Federal Trea
sury will demand a revision of the existing tariff
laws of the United States, with a view to en in
crease of the revenue derivable from imports.
When this revision shall take place, it 13 greatly to
ho desired that a proper regard fur the industrial
interests of the country will prompt the Congress
of the United States, to place her revenue laws
upon such a basis as to afford to our great mining
and manufacturing interests the largest incidental
protection. To substitute pacific tor ad valorem
duties, on a certain class of articles which from
their nature are of equal or nearly equal value--
or to charge the foreign to a home valuation—with
a moderate inerease of the rates now imposed,
would, I am satisfied, infuse new life and vigor
into all the various departments of Industry. and,
at the same time, without impaling burdens upon
the people, afford to the General Government a
revenue amply sufficient for all its wants
The early admission of the Territory of Kansas
as one of the sovereign States of the Union, tinder
R Oenotitution legally enacted, and fully and tidily
THE WEEKLY PRESS.
Winuice'Paius will be Boat to Sebes:Ron by
mail (per amnia, to edrarloa,) at 11.911
Throe Cori Bo," 1.041
Firs Ct . ridlat " IN
Teo " ILO.
Twesty Cocoas," (to see address) D a
Tweet, Copies, Or '• Ito address of
Isaiah !baboon bard Dash—
For a Clab of Twenty-oda or ever, we Vie seed as
extra copy to the getter-up oldie Cate
Sir Pastmaatan ars maenad to Let as siesta far
Tan Waspu Paris.
CALIFORNIA PRES&
lamed amt-moaulty Lit tuns for the CaLifurali
Moamar&
ratified by the direct votes of a large majority of
the peoplq of the Territory, will remove tram the
National Legislature a subject which has hitherto,
in no inconsiderable degree, attracted the atten
tion of the nation, and which, from the nature and
extent of the diseus.ioos in Congrere, has been
productive of much elimination sad recrimination
between the various sections of our common coon
try. Popular sovereignty having finally pre.
veiled, in the full, free, and fair adoption of the
fundamental law of the Territory. according to
the wishes of the people, this vexed and dangerous
question, in that Territory, may now be considered
as satisfactorily and perpetually settled.
Copies of the correspondence between the Gover
nor of Virginia and the Governor of Pennsylvatia,
on the subject of the recent outrage at Harper'e
Ferry, are herewith transmitted to the Legislators".
The letter addressed by the Governor of lirginia
to the Governor of Pennsylvania, wan missent to
Ifarrisonburg, Virginia, and henee 1113 not re
ceived until the first day of December, one day
before the exemation of John Brown ; and, there
fore, it was impossible to reply to it, by mail, In
time to reach the Governor of Virginia before the
execution. The answer was consequently seat by
telegraph, which will account for its brevity and
aententious character.
The recent seizure of the publio property of the
United States at Harper'a Ferry, and the invasion
of the State of Virginia, bye small band of despe
radoes, with an intention to excite the Aare popu
lation to insurrection, have drawn attention to the
dangers which beset our Federal relations. It is a
source of satisfaction to know that the authorities
of Virginia possessed the means and the determi
nation to punish offenders with promptness and
justice; that the military force of the United
States was a power immediately available to aid
in putting down the outbreak against the public
peace; that the stare population were contented
with their condition, and unwilling , to unite with
disorderly white men in acts of treason and reor
der; and that the great masses of the people hare
no sympathy whatever with any attack upon the
rights and inatitationa of any of the States, and
have a deep and abiding devotion to cur
. great and
glorious Union. To us, 84 Pennsylvanians, it is
gratifying to believe that the citizens of this Com
monwealth have not, in any manner, participated
in this unlawful proceeding, and to know that
when some of the guilty perpetrators were arrest-.
ed, within our jurisdiction, they were promptly
surrendered to tie justice of the offended and in:
jured State.
The several States of this Union are independent
aovereignities, except so far as they have granted
certain enumerated powers to the Federal theem
ment. In canes not provided for in the Federal
Constitution, the several States, in their relations
to each other, ought to be governed by the princi
ples which regalste the conduct of civilised na
tions. These principles forbid, in all nations,
"every evil practice tending to excite disturbance
in another State;" and are founded on the maxim,
that "different nations ought, in time of peace. to
do one another all the good they can, without pre
judicing their real interests." This maxim, re-mg
nixed by all thecivilizel Governments, applies with
beculiar force to the several States of this Union,
ound together as they are, by a sacred compact for
mutual support and protection: and : therefore, any
attempt in one State, to excite insurrection in
another, is an offence against all the Statee, be
cause all are bound by the Constitution to put
down each disturbance; and the act of Congress
authorizes the President of the United States to
call out the militia of the several Statea for the
purpose. it is a high offence against the peace of
our Commonwealth, for disorderly persons within.
our jurisdiction to combine together for the pur
pose of stirring up lasarreetion m any of the States,
or to induce the slaves in the Southern States to ab
scond from their masters ; andit would be proper,
in my judgment, for the General Assembly to con
sider whether additional legislation may not be
necessary to insure the prompt panithemut of sash
offenders against our peace and security.
In determining our relative duties towards our
sister States, the morality of servitude is not an
open question, for we are bound by the legal and
moral obligation of the compact of the Union, nu
der which we have been brought into ex:steam,
and preserved as independent States, as well as by
the principles of international law, to respect the
institutions which the laws of the several State',
recognise,) and in no other way can we faithfully
fulfil our obligations ac members of this Confede
racy,
a While I entertain no doubt that the great repub
lican experiment on this continent, so happily com
menced, and carried forward to its present exalted
position, in the eyelt of the world, will continue,
under the Providence of God, to be successful to
the latest generations, it is the part of wisdom and
patriotism to be watchful and vigilant, and to care.
fully guard a treasure so priceless. Let moderate
counsels prevail—let a spirit of harmony and good
will, and a national fraternal sentiment be eultava•
ted among the people everywhere—North and
South—and the disturbing elements which tempo.
rarity threaten our Union, will now, u they have
always heretofore, assuredly pass away.
Pennsylvania, in tae past, has performed her
part with unfaltering firmness. Let her now, and
in the future, be ever ready to discharge her con
federate duties with unflinching bategitty. Then
will her proud position entitle.her, boldly and
effectually, to rebuke and assist in crushing trea
son, whether It shall raise its crest in other States,
in the- guise of a fanatical and irrepressible fon
diet, between the North and the South. or assume
the equally reprehensible form of nullification,
secess.ton, and a dissolution of the Union. Gee
central geographical position, stretching front the
bay of Delaware to the lakes, with her three 'zil
lions of. conservative population, entitle her to
say, with emphasis, to the plotters of treason, on
either hand, that neither shall he permitted to
coerced; that it is not in the pwver of either to
disturb the perpetuity of this Union, cemented
and sanctified, as it is, by the blood oi our patriotic
fathers; that, at every licriflde, and at every
hazard, the constitutional rights of tho people and
the States shall be maintatned ; that equal and
exact justice shall be done to the North and to the
South, and that these States shall be forever
united,
We, as a pcopl e, have great reason to seknowledge
the Providence of God, who rules over the nations
of the earth. Under Els guardianship, hitherto so
signally enjoyed, we feel an unabated confidence
in the permanency ot our free Government, and
took forward, with cheerful hope. to a future
glorious destiny. In the blessings that have
crowned our own Commonwealth the past year—in
the success that has accompanied all cur irdus
trial pursuiL, - -• the steady advance trout educe•
tional institutions—in the quiet and peace of our
domestic homes—ein all that can advance a, nation's
prosperity end happiness—we recognise the hand of
the Great Giver of all Good
WILLIAM F. PACKER.
PERSONAL AND POLITICAL.
A RAND ALT.—The ladies of the First parish, of
Portland. Maine, have resolved to erect a monu
ment to the memory of the late Dr. Nichols, for
about fifty years pas:or of that society, and the
money is raised for the r urpose. It is to be. we
underttard, a statue of St. John the Eranrel:4,
life sire, in marble, and is to be executcd by Akers,
who is now in Italy engaged upon the work-. The
genius of the artist gives ample assurance that the
monument will be a worthy memorial of the emi
nent divine in whose honor it is to be eruciLd. ard
also of the afftionato regard of those who cause
it to be done.
Ee Gerrit Smith will go to Europe ae soon as
he shall be sufficiently restored to health to bear
an Atlantic voyage.
Bev. Thomas Starr King announced on
Sunday afternoon last to his congregation, as
sembled at tho Hollis-street Church, Boston, Most ,
that ho had decided to accept a call to a parish in
San Francisco. Ills reasons. in brief, for this
course, were that his health had been impaired by
constant tabor, and all the circumstances of tbe
call to Califbrula were favorable. He trusted that
his oonstitution would be invigorated by the cli—
mate of San Francisco, and that he might be use
ful in strengthening and advancing the denomina-
tien in the Golden State. lie referred, with much
sensibility, to the ties that would be sundered by
the step he had determined to take.
Alban Pabodie, who since 1543 has fined the
office of city clerk of Proyideucc. , died in
th a t city last Monday. death will be a lot 3 to
that city.
Foreign Items.
A letter from Florence sketches the scheme on
i t s
which Fro 4 Austria aro said to be ft.rreca
for the set of the Italian question Austria
is to give sett
which is to be declared
independent, but governed by the Archduk.,
Ferdinand of Tuscany. Parma, .Slodet.a, end
Tuscany, aro to be nutted under a French or
Russian prince, to be s t rpointed by the Con
gress•, and the Legations are to be re
stored to the Pope, who is to inaugurate
ouch reforms as will satisfy his subjxts.
Tnis is said to be the preposition, but tlo
tenter declares his belief that the time has passci
for such a compromise. Speaking of the Rums;-
nose, he says, , It is necessary to travel throogn
the country, to mingle with the people of ell
classes, in order to become aware of the deep root
that hatred of priestly rule has struck throughout
the Legations. It is necessary to see the daily
food that the press of these countries supplies t.J
popular animosity to imagine the outbreak that
will inevitably follow auy removal of the chock
that the hope; of better destinies still pats upon ti... 1
pasdons of the multitude."
Spain has her work cut out in Morocco. Th-. 3
Government has given orders for a levy of 50.0.0
men neat month—a proof that it has undertaken
greater task than was anticipated. Spain brt no
glory to reap by the contest beyond the glory of
lighting, for she has diAinctly pledged herself to
the British Government that she will not, if EII2-
cessful, take an inch of territory from the enemy
We (liartirit Counties Ilerald) are informed,
on good authority, that the Belgian Government
has gii on notice to the Hanoveri Government t.)
terminate the treaty relating to the Slade tolls.
One of Queen Christina's sms has just entered
the Military College of St. Cyr. Four young
Turks, sent from Constantinople by the Sultan, are
also among the latest enrolments
Lie Noy,' says that the Duke of Modena is about
actually starting a newspaper in the Italian lan
guage, to be printed at 'Vienna, and to advc , :ate
his claims. that press he abhorred. and that p.,b
lie opinion he seamed, he 11,111 - humbly eapidtsat,:e
as an auxiliary.
Russell, the Time,' corresjondent, I. busy
pupating his diary of the Indian campa•gn for
publication, and it will be shortly issued, in two
volumes, by MeEirs. P.ontledge. He has received
11,500 for the work. Col. reer, the T,r7e.e cur.
respondent for the war in Lombardy. is n , i - e• about
to poblish his letters, with connecting rum art , and
additions.
The Cormiiil /gazing is to have three serial
stories running at once.—one by Mr. A. Trerop 4 l,
one by Mr Tbaokerav himself, and one by a lady,
name unknoww. It is to consist of eight Sheet; or
120 pates, with trio illustrations, and is to coil ens
Alining. Of course it will need an enormot air`
oulation to be at all renanneratillb