The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, January 07, 1858, Image 1

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Twenty eopsee, .- , i .- ' ' 'lv:moue - addrtio) -10 00v
Twenty Of Or. --- ovoti -- -.',1" v- (to agrees of each ,
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. - ,rociplotrlat - .TweAteopo or over,. MO Millpond ao -
t.''...,. “00010 000.0,40.0 get,terotp of,the Obar., -, , .'
Dttikeebeeeterig= are eeepoeited to sotr'ell.4goritd for
.:Tar -10-iioxkt Pit* , '-•' -'-, --' • -
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IAVARBUItTON, 4 'INigIiAIitE:
:'lJOVErrilale FOR THE BEAD
, , -ZottnageAll.The petate,o , to I ,
OEN't',4 oiler, • -
and aU the ilitette andeiteeialegaeatea whch' impkrt, •
COAtieItri , rANDIMRABILTTET.
Diattetata erilitetted w Olt Atilt eXUaltits
00 23.66:1-j, • 480.10ilMenillOitretit5
lAQpi4iisg t Itia
waNIAD_ISO4:I4CrF.Oft TEE: ROLL'
f1419".1b1t told lit au
, it5ditt1i464.34130.4, end worth. honeso cents to
•610,5, given w4thunroiy lopkiedd, - yeysunelmithisteg
thelid ittl thus get two valuable Pinhats for th 4 saute
' itaodat'of truer tot which' they could intehate one
elsowlieft. •
••TAII.TI4I,
-
iii ` l44.kisipisagounia-nit '• SO
Juvenile. Forget-Mel Ydendshipse Offering 1 AO
riot - -1 25 Priebdoldp , a Token. ;.1 60
The vet Ai:mm*l,-7441 25 Friendship's Gift... 4 1 50
The Violet 126 Gift of direction.... • 1 50
The Robe Bud ' 1"25 i Lidice Wreath 1 50
' the Gumming Bird.. 1,25 tales , Scrap nook., 100 I
. The Gailand, or To, 6 1 4 1 1667 7'a 011,11 .5 y... 60
ontriendeldp4 - T6O Thil'aeultliniuti...4 1.60
, The Passion InOshr.-1' , 60• -The/Inow 11144,..;••• fio
•
The T0ktm..4..„,....'.,1 Illime„Boe,e. t . r i 1.50
The !tableau ... . ThoPhikiPtutd , 160
Rho Outland '''' 'The Iftessouon'i An
ne Christian_ Hosp.' , ....... 50
cake 150 The kleguolla ... 2 60
The ROllOOll.llBOlll/0. The Ooldet Gilt 2.00
tair , • So
"Melt of the 'above Beak'. is handsomely bound in
morocco, fall gilt, sod illustrated with colored flue
steel pla tes„ • „ -
4411*.1100kh, Oro, cloth. ultra gil t. "..) 0 00
- +', Turkey, ant 0 00'
Lady of the Lake ) " Ore , eloth, 001 CUL. • • 660
a " Turker,Aut. , 00
The Diadehl. lannelco, full gilt 4 00
who Soltsventr Gaiety, s. ... ... .. •.1 4 00
The Book of the Boudoir I , • .. . .... 400
The Book of Dainty, - . 4 00
Leaflets of. Memory, Turkey, full gilt 5 00
The Oriental Annust, ss ant.. 000
The Casket ) morocco, fult wilt • 466
Thdr4des Gift, tdofooeo full gilt ' • 6 00
The Am. landscape Menial, eletir,lllt. 3 , 00
ss • Is, • se monxco, .. . . ... 400
it cIL - - " 600
Gedl o f tliaßesson, Torksji'artt.,. r 600 ,
Herke Anrst, cloth, gilt ' • 3.00-
se
s , mosamm, gilt 4 ' 400
-- s 00
101 - Iterli i reelh, clot ,11 800
' St „111011)dCO 3 cut ' 5 00
Floral IT,oepoitire, royal tre, °loth, gilt ' " 890
‘4. • • is 1110206t0, Ant '- 0 0
The Abeve•Annuale are entirely new, eidetutidly tl
ltistvated'vritli oriel engrovingoiseleoted with groat
ears Train•the beeteditlena published in the United
- 41,90/10.
The Pet A1t5Min.14..444.1 rates ofFriendship 111 76
The , Moosenger mind, Leant of Alieetlon . 1 76
Album;,loo rim ruttopte.Amu;u 1'75 I
Thu, SunbeamAlluna.l 4 oo Token of Lave - 114
The Gem Aihnin.,.. 100 Alborg, of Ifeart..• J. 200
The Rosebud - Album. 100 landscape . 200
'The GiftAlbtun.. - .:— 1 , 00 ro•rget.lue-not Albu m 200
Album of LoVe., ..."1 75 Album of Alinnory.4. 2 00
Album of Itemient- Souvenir, Album.... 200
.1.75 Prteadchip Album. "2 00
The *lova Albums are ad be tutifully illustmted with
, steelongsvinws end colored illustrations, and hand.
comely bound In moroodo, oaks.' " •
AtitripklkKtimi, nwtoceo ' ' 111 25
antique • j . 7 1 in
Bead andlitoril Of thecibont beautlfullp bound and
' appropriate,: presents.file not forget the 'outlet. fea
ture of these Books is, that with frery book purchased
r u n=
, ;sui!ft,Wprll# 0074 Cent/ to one
Veraona neetriidiine4 tithe alnico rattle.
hie Books trillinf , filniiatuaf tritteld!Ci4 t7ll l Pred. or
mall, 64 their-remitting Olt Pried. =,'; ' •
Persons Orderint"hotiki sent by mil trill these sand'
- tsreatir-one nada pestcsO, for, Beoktfrou Ude 1164,: Innt
tblitiAts ben* forldooke more then Met mooed, I
Address 4. G.A
_VAN%
dell-thudigOk . „4B9 (aSSTNUIT strve, 1'11111461We(
G f4; A't:BATia*NB ,
CotairmAs ANT xscs , YEAR
• • ,
'LADTESW- WINTER CLOAKS.:
r - INAL -JINNI:TA:t/ON . ,
IN. YRIOIB, '
TO CLOSE THE SNWN.
d. If— PROCTOR & '
13F44
'7OB ONESTNUTstavot,
4 * -1 0 42 ,
lIHISYMAS 'AND • HOLIDAY GOODS.
C
W. DAUM' 00..20 souttaol7s7ll Street,
ogers to dealers and the public a -
••VRRY LARGE ;VARIETY OT,ANGY GOODS
Boilable for thellolid7 season. „tieing entirely of his
. • dEsO4O-5011104 - 11WIMOMSEAdtsrl''
, •
•AfffO 'lluot atusoro l .prtintt t '
Among it will be foand-, - - •
'•• Palms' /dacha Work Bodies ' liesica, Portiollosi ;
Ladles! Calms sad TcaselloS SW.
Porto idonnales, Parses and„Pooket Books , iii great
variety!, -`4 . „ .
•
• Pearl Card Cues; beautiful styles. - • •
- .Bphenclan Glass Tolle* Bottles, richly decersiVlL
ddor Boxes and Glows Boxes. , -• • , ' '
. Panay Oronselskstands,Thernunnelers, '
Backgammon mral,Ohers.Boanis, Ohesimen.s ; -
Tins Englishlichwors,ln sets.• • ; •
Pactieigar elands and Cigar OMMa. • , •
ftceWood Snug Boise and Fitow Articles.
Red lions in plastic Wry,
Memorsnidcint sad BaliTableto, in peiri and ivory,
Together with, rnemus other articles in the line:
deli-104 t • • ,
ixhitroptc ,lapeirtis
-I BELDE,Iit 00'.; r 0HEST/ID T ,STIgET,
.ENITISG STEALING MITER WARI:
:,..Vades_thefe Inspartloa, on the ill*Xllllol eacolusively
Ch&ennead iltsaigete are Invited to skull; Qui man-.
• *AIMED::
_
Gegittintli din& of llnpes!or
_ Watehes, of all the - WAWA *shell.
fleeklWeee., Boseelete,..-hrooehes, • tar-lillnee, :Mager.
44/. fait *Mass la #0 Dismon4 nap.-
orfwimprot 11104 DIVINs 1,41,1.• made free of
dar e for these within work.lend• to order. .
• • " '.malt GOLD JEWELEI:
A bewstital anantwent of all the new styles' of
- - MN*, easit. leldosale, Stone Ltd- Shell Owego,
'carbuncle, ElawAnlslts, ' •
,
- &t.., - &e;
IaItEMS.D.OSSTOSS, SSANSTiv,wirrias, he.
, hainfißronse and 2dszble 01.008.5, of newest styles,
i th .A:Ri 4 e! i gr q" 2l * • • anldtq&wl7
As;„',oA - Liiirtti,_k
AP , • 44:2-I*Esnitor ot T iet,
• HAW/ Per stoiwenelo, new styles • '
Jewelry, Ottotelsine, Vest Chigoe.
AlPtendfd Yen! ; Hate Noe., , ,
weolt,lnands, 'Doane Beeloote. . ,
Jet Geckle eat Viewer Yeeee, . -
'Oust, Toon and Mosaic flees. • , . .
_- Selo Agouti fie -14111840 f Ohio- f0r'. 4 134 vele of Charles
, Prodetomu'il.OND9N 21.4EtliBXF 1 t1,18, . dell
QI4ILV,ER ' • „
*MILK wriioi j .
- -- A4NtrFACITIRICBSiIIP SILVER WARR,
AUTULISIIVD )612,)•-r• • '
s. - wAton.v.r* . ottrxesp ornmir
• -.* lima desortment -or MIAMI. W 4.112,;" of every de.
• • evidtkv, voittantly of bandior made fo order in mate*
tosiostett of t !UMW trot: itrodogitam Imported
mire?, se3o•4l4fwly •
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Jl3 - .4ILEDtIi IV BRO."
. wpm/rah& "riiroirilim or
kinostpir SW*, abo4 W ATrie
leP Aar*
I . r ati l 'ANi t tn; Trads thty
ontonc.,. LETS OUPEI WAlTsza ,
Apna, 044TOrdliVEI, broom, roUs,
all',l4ottni . eta, 0014 y,
ib#/t)ltiPlts•
,Day *pa 'POCKET, - DAY-BOOK
rItOR :lirt2laitsktdished iffte for by -
7S- VBION d CO„
:-Bit.l3'Lionthißrriustriet; above Cifee 4 nut
nOttey4lookOiintafee on Alumnae, Tableau!' corn.
- - ,)4erstlife Medieliatt Voieso Pablo:Si And their Antidotes,
lfektbdr?. end - -Wendt, -;Mellishiab , ,Mossuree, Atomic)
Welight4iind„combloing:Proyet one,Artioloi of m e t,
Ootgprl the lbefeacenetrie Ball et ;sl4a-81mPa and
24 matO2
Ri g it ileti,o4 Pinsk- oattlife Irina* Vs.
i.hoinscopfs, Pieltingt tend Index,
wels` MQOI4IIIII . logageoatritsc" Batik Account,
' 'lleteistAddreiseevltilli end' Imlay te salted for, Vas ,
Asticeraid-Obsistriblibiteeemente.-,Pestieh, Preach,
wad duunican Milted vottodfelds,
Balas:ArtaPayek-*lt*Adie einOpentlo4l. - ,or weird.
49.shiseS iliereberS .14 thClirtifesston . ;The,Publishers
.trast4bilttitilittidUriamutt vat 011',Oriutt hitherto
"',,-, loo poffe4 end *itti ids* ikil*futfite Itnymentent,
..;o1II;bd WOO' to .rreopive adj entsestiona reipecting
• 4teadistiontroiddittona,
*bore ate prepued , for 25 and '5O betiente, and
--Wand in teilans styles. -Sat
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l'ffifir„icfitirlix on ail GI. -
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:_.VOLI. - .40'.:3,4'.
Cljt `4srtss,
:/tirttSDAY , 34tUrAltY 7, 185&
yOLLOWING IN OUR WAKE
Step by'sleP; England Semi to be adopting
improveMents in law' and social' life ftta this
A stand Will be' made, during the
instiing , tessieWbf pirlhuitent, to engra ft :Vote
Ballot upon her representative system. It is
the chief security for h oneat voting, and has been
,strenuously.opposed, inßngland,by those who
exercise what is called ((Influence" over the
electors: example, though tho Stai?ding
Orders ofthellonse of Commons declare it'to be
a' heady crime, and India-table misdemeanor, for
a' peer tO . interfele hi the election of a Member
Of : Parliament, be may start'his own son as a
eandidateouriploi his own lawyers as'election:
agents, provide „the .funda. necessary to parry
on the war, and put ,the screw upon his tenants
and followers seas compel them to, vote
exactly as he nooses.
The screw is applied- in this wise. Land
.and'ilmolling 7 hottsat, occupied by the laboring
, , _
CV4aal'ir lu Epiland, are usually held, not on
- liaatehicluwould make the occupants lode
'Peisdent of 'electioneering ' inlluences=but
Mostly from year to year. If the' landlord, or
any of hl4rfinally l or any of his 'friends, desire'
to got hitePirliament, be makes, a law,agent
take the roundortheltenantrY, and 1 4 6 rei each
and all that'it le expected that they will dote—
.
Pr 01414 as landford wishes. 'This, of
coarse, is a continuation of the old Saxon vas
eslige. Thejenaiata ,usually, go ' in a drove,
to, vete , according •to ',orders. If any, man
'vote' according to his own mind; or even if
be. ie,fiain from voting , he in favored, at an
early day, with a polite but peremptory notice,
that,.tit the'end of twelve months, he must sur
render his tiptoe, and seek a habitation' else
where. It will go hard with him indeed, be
fore he'-cari obtrdn a 'residence In the same
neighborhood for there is such a great sympa
thtbetween landlords, who are politicians,
'that leis considered had taste, if not an actual
breach .of -Conventional and social courtesy,
for one landlord' o- accept as tenant any one
who had presumed to have an opinion of his
own, and to exercise It in voting , upon it.
The Ballot, as every one in this country is
well award, rendeni such a game as this utter
ly, impracticable it the tenant could go to
the pellitiOrate; and' deposit a voting-paper
in the hallet-hox, without any one but, him
self havhik to know for what - . candidates he
voted, the ride oi'Oligarchy in lin - gland would
Speedily be overthrewn. For then, instead of
compulsory voting for my Lord John Noodle
or the lion...lir.' Doodle; each man would
quietly vote for the person whom he:really be-
lieved -td ber best qualified , faithfully to stand
up and .reprosent, the wants and wishes, the
rights and -the wroags of the great , bulk - of
the community; who ate not part and parCel,
by affinity or Situation; of the British' Aristo
cracy. Then, for the first time since England
Was a Won, the rights of the majority would
hive, ehMtkplona.. At this moment, 6early
'two-thirds ; of the•Brltish liaise of Commons
ate connected with Om aristocracy or hold of
fice, under the Crown. Lord JOHN Bosom
the pseudo 7 liberalils son and brother
of it Bake. Among the sixteen persons who
form the ._Cabinet, only ono (Mr,
Bairea) - is not an aristocrat by birth or family
•connexion. „
.Lord - Pmassrrres, !luring over half '.a cert.
tuiy.of public, life, has been consistent on one
point only. ,Ble has always opposed the Bal-
Mt. It Is un-English, says be—which means,
o is
,it,.,ll!..ApvloNii.ilt
_., founded on - secrecy,
~ ,InisAi,„, wh*la ' itiffe'sia gijdofi4nailik,
I,ll4Yildtafflrtrli f "My* tiii4 i , :iiimiiii9n
iiiinself, - somelifty!*Or Sixty times each year,
when be-bas-to decide. what candidates - shall
tie, sulmitted into - membership with the Clubs
to Which bibelongil. ' What of that ? What
is sauce for goose must not be sauce for gan
!ler, Wheri voting at parliamentary election
Is in question, •
Mr. Census; though not now a Member, has
been_appealed to by many. who desire that
Parliamentary Reform shall be a reality, and
not a mockery. He knofiii, !is well as any
min, .that Lord Pasniasres will grant the
smallest • possible quantity of Reform.
Therefore, be tells the British peop'e that,
whatever reforms they agitate and petition for,
they must invariably include Vote by Ballot.
That is Whit the sham-reformers will oppose
.
almost to te v erge of a Revolution, and that
is what will alone enable the sense of a con
.itituenCy.to-be;unequivocally expressed, at the
titne'of an election. 1
Next Session, when PALrinforroses project
is before' Parliament, much abuse and Ware
presentation of American institutions may be
expected. This will be chiefly caused by aristo
cratic apprehension of the democratic working
of the Ballot. •Until it be conceded, Par
liamentary elections will continuo to be mere
farces, and the Tito Barnacles will flourish, in
the Circumloantien Office. 4 , Un-English,"
or riot, the Ballet must be engrafted on the
English election system.
More Particulars of the Escape and Recap
ture of Donnelly—llls Execution To-morrow.
,(From the Trenton True American of Wednesday.]
.•Ngtwitlutandiag the rumor that the °facers in
pursuit of Donnelly had arrested the wrong man,
and that Donnelly himself was still at large, wo
learned yesterday. direct from Freehold, that
thereinto no foundation whatever for the rumor;
, that the unfortunate .man was rarely lodged in
the Jail at Freehold, and that additional means
had been adopted to prevent his escape. It Is
,stated that Donnelly received false keys and a
file from a person who had been io the same
prima: • He managed to slip the shackles from his
foot, and'unlOck the' door of his sell, between 11
and 12 o'olooic: : • ",
To open the outer door by means of falso keys
was but the work of a moment. Notwithstanding
the prisoner bad three keepers to keep gtiard over
him, he managed to elude them ail and make his
way out Into the open air. Dm:trimly had ho emerged
from the building when the keepers made the die.
coyery, and alarmed the villagers by loudly ring
ing the court-bootie bell. - Hundreds were on the
spot In a moment, and all crowded around the die
consolate'keettera to hear the news. , The timely
disetivery of the:liftmen somewhat disconcerted
thO plena of bonnilly.
He was afraid to leave the prison grounds while
the bell *es tinging, fearing that hi might be re
cognised by some of the citizens who were Booking
tewerds the court-house; and chose rather to re l i
-
meineommaled in the shrubbery until the crowd
had increased to moth extentithat his departure
hero the. grounds would be unno ; loed According
ly, *ben the concourse was greatestfand the excite-
Malt among tho people was ut its highest pitch, he
boldly walked through the crowd and passed out
into Main street, and then, hastening forward,
took the turnpike road to Middletoirn Point, where
he expected to meet a friend who would convey
him to the seaside in a wagon. _
U. carefully avoided any teams coming behind
him, by dodging into the woods on either side of
the rood, and had thus proceeded about eight miles
on bts journey, when he Was unexpootedly ear
prisid and captured, in this wise ; As the party—
Aws/dating of Mtwara, . Larnberison and Conover—
Wito had boast sent to 'Middletown Point and Key-
Crt for the purpose ofwaming the authorities on
Mr-tillages ware oh their return to Freehold,
:eta whew' abintt three miles from Middletown
Feint, they twpied a man approaching them. One
of the pasty hinted that it might be Donnelly, but
the other was inclined to doubt the assertion, and
was not until they came up close beside the
stranger that they were convinced of the identity
of the fugitive. •.- -
They blatantly 'Pooped out of the wagon and
'oohed Donnelly - before the latter could make any
attempt to escape, and in , tess than an bier after
wtfrds the 'firiSoadir was' lodged• in his old apart
ments at FicelfoLL 'Donnelly, it appears, mistook
his captors for the party of friends who promised to
meet him on the road, and convey hien° on Itale,
quented spot on the coast, where a yacht was in
readiness to convey him; to Ntit V York ; and it woe
not until he was within.their grasp. that, he die
coveted the fetal error. The prisoner made no re
ideteeeirerhateicr, but, silently resigning himself
fete, passe d • remaindeof - the night in'
his sett, as if nothing had happened, • ,
D o fykinri_ nor Rnarrran"..---Tbe sodeumannent
by the
Gazette aug ",B4mbiicanj which we pub
lished yesterday, in' regard to the respite of Don
nelly's sentence. proves to be-unfounded. . We
-loam thatdholloveruor has determined net to 111-
le o lleteltith the coarse ofjustimiiand consequently
be a:mintiest of tbo unhappy young man-will
`'. PlitertrOn Friday next, aa at first Intended.
•
,2 iDep(milis , of leanave - rgeantly been dteco
ratad Kadin itninty, Iltinole. Oldininereovho
Wave earveyed the vistaless, agree - that there 'tiro
Witt deposits alma irr the vieinity, giving fail
;credit:le. Indian traditietni - la regard to the
nditorill Wealth b; that vtoidity. - • -- • •
THIRD ANNITAL MESSAGE
JAMES POLLOCK,,
•iIOVERNOR OF PENNSIMPANIA.
PRESENTED TO THE LEGISLATURE,
JAN. 6th, 1858.
To the Honorable the Senators anti 111 - embers o!
the House of Representatives of the Genera! -
Assembly
GENTLVSIEN : By• the suffrages of your fellow
citizens, you have been charged with the duty of
representing them, and the interests of the Com
monwealth, in the - legislative branch of the Go.
vernment. The responsibilities you have assumed,
and the duties to be performed, should ever be re
garded as paramount to every selfish or partisan
consideration. The prosperity of the State and
the general welfare of the people should receive
your earnest attention, and bo the aim and end of
your legislative notion. To promote then objects
I will cheerfully, in every legal and constitutional
manner, during the continuance 'of my official
term, co-operate with you.
The poet year, with the exception of recent
financial embarrassment, bus bean one of gene
ral prosperity. No foreign wars, no fraternal
strife has - disturbed the peaceful quiet of our
homes. Unwonted health, with its blessings. has
been vouchsafed to us. Seed time and barvesthavo
not failed=the earth hath yielded her increase,
and' richly rewarded the labor of the hunband
man. Tho arts and sciences have been advanced,
anti the great interests of education, morality, and
liberally , encouraged and sustained. Oar
nattier In its unity—our free institutions in their
integrity, with our rights and privileges, civil and
religious, have been preserved. Recognising in
these blessings the'goodnem of 'Almighty Cod, we
should render to Him the homage of grateful
hearts. end the devotion duet' liner° praise;
and whilst humbly acknowledging his mercies to
on as a people, let us still further express oar gra
titude to Wm by note of individual charity and
kindness to the poor and helpless in our midst.
Sorrow now fills the hearts, and adversity darkens
the homes, of many of our citizen's. Our liberality
Would be generous ; our benefactions munificent ;
and thus, whilst the wants of the poor and suffer-
lug are relieved, the generous giver will find a rich
reward In the that results from communi
cated good.
-The financesof the Commonwealth are in a very
satisfactory condition. Duriag the punt year every
demand upon the Treasury has been promptly
paid from the revenues derived from the ordinary
sources. The - operations of this department will
be presented to you, in detail, in the report of the
State Treasurer.
For the fiscal year ending November 30th, 1857,
the receipts at the Treasury, including balance in
the Treasury on the first day of December, 1858,
of - $1,244,795.42, were $5,935,383.26: The aggre
gate expenditures for the same period were $5,407,-
270.79. Balance in the Treasury December 1,
1857,5528,106.47. Exoluding the balance in the
Treasury on the first day of December, 1856, the
receipte from all sources were $4,690,587.84, The
ordinary expenditures for the same period were
$3,992,870.20, exhibiting en excess of receipts
over expenditures of $698,217.55. The extraordi
carTolLaiir,,m, to
wit:
.th4lo the w o on ir ep l B e lt i 4 o l n4, o o ol. .A 1 1 );
Portage Railroad,- $49,061.92; to the North
Branch extension, $138,708.85; to relay the south
track of the Columbia R. R., $01,405.48; to enlarge I
the Delaware Division, $10,253; for motive power
in 38 50 , 381,804121; for repairs in 1855 and 1850,
$49,664.78; for the redemption of loans, $820,097.-
03; damages on the Public Works, $46,552.65; old I
claims on the Main Line adjusted under the se
veral
acts of Assembly, $48,548.57; and for the
'new State Arsenal and Farmers' High School, I
$45,000.
The interest on the funded debt, duo in Febru
ary and August last, was then promptly paid, and
that falling due in February next will be paid
out of available moans now in the Treasury. By ,
virtue of the provisions of the act of the Otto of.'
October,lBs7, entitled " An act providing for the,
Resumption of Specio Payments by the Bunks,
and for the Belief of Debtors," the State Treasurer
will be enabledto pay the interest due in February,
in specie or its equivalent. The credit of the
Comusvnwoalth has been fully and honorably sus
tained. The promptness with which every legfai- I
mate demand upon the Treasury has been met has
(wired public confidence In our securities; and
although recent and existing financial revulsion
may embarrass the operations of the Treasury, and
reduce to some extent the revenue, yet the ability
of the State to meet her engagements and main
tain her credit, under an honest and economical
administration of her finances, is undoubted. Tho
honor and credit of the State must and can be pre
served intact.
The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund report
the sum of $414,920.29 as now to the Treasury to
the credit of that fund. This amount will be ap
plied to the redemption of relief notes yet in cir
culation, and to the payment of the funded debt of
the Commonwealth.
„Thu Conamtasteners of this fund, on the ph de,
Of eepttroatrof let, reported to me that the sum or
$1,042,857.64 of the debt of the Commonwealth
was held by them, as followe—viz :
Loans 19th of April, 1853, over due,
temporary $400,000 00
Loans of 9th of May, 1854, over duo,
. temporary 164,000 00
Certificates of stook, loans of April
11,1848,6 per cent
Certificates of stock, loans of various
dates, 5 per cent 9,316 84
Relief notes cancelled and destroyed. 373,040 00
Relief notes in Treasury, net aside for
cancelation
Total 51,042,857 64
As required by law,l directed the certificates
and evidences of this Indebtedness to be cancelled;
and on the 19th of September, 1857, issued my
proclamation declaring the payment, extinguish
'ment, and final discharge of $1,042,857.64 of the
,public debt.
In addition to the amount reported to be in the
Treasury to the credit of the sinking fund, and
applicable to the payment of, the public, debt, the
commissioners of the fund now hold the sum of
$7,500,000 bonds of the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company, pledged by law to the payment of the
funded debt of rho Commonwealth.
By the 4th section of the llth article of the Con.
stitution, as amended and ratified by a majority of
the qualified voters of the State, at the general
election held ou the aimed Tuesday of October, -
1857, It is made the duty of the Legislature, at its
first session after the adoption of this amendment,
to create a sinking fund, which shall be sentient
to pay the accruing interest on the present public
debt, and any additional debt thereafter eonatith
tionalty contracted, and annually to retinae the
principal thereof by a sum not less than 5250,000,
which 1 " sinking fund shall consi.t of the
not annual income of the public works from
time to time, owned by the State, or the proceeds
of the sale of the same, or any part thereof,
and of the income or proceeds of sale of steam
owned by the State, together with other funds or
resources that may be designated by law. The
said sinking fund may be Increased from time to
timo by assigning to it any port of the taxes or
other revenues of the State, not required for the
ordinary and current expenses of Government, and
unless in ease of war, invasion, or insurrection, no
part of said sinking fund shall be need or applied
otherwise than in extinguishment of the public
debt, until the amount of 'Wilt debt is reduced
below the sum of $5,000,000."
This being the first session of the Legislature
since the adoption of this amendment, the duty
therein enjoined devolves upon you, and should
be promptly and faithfully diseharged.
The funded and unfunded debt ti the State '
in.
eluding temporary loans, on the , let day of De.
camber, 1856, as per Reports of Auditor General
and State Treasurer, was at follows, viz :
FONDED /MDT.
$511,781 00
38,860,904 50
358,200 00
100,000 00
per cent 10an5....
„
4 .. u ft
Total funded debt.
UNFUNDED DEZT.
Belief notes in eireu1en.4220,550 00
Interest certificates out.
alluding 24,091 37
Interest eertifioates un-
claimed
Domestie , creditors.
Balance temporary loan,
April 19, 1853 400,000 00
Balance tourorary loan,
May 0, 1854 184,000 00
Total Unfunded debt...
.. 4,448 38
.. 1,164 00
The funded and unfunded dobt, at the close of
the laat Areal year, Drearaber 1,1857, was as fol
lows, viz :
FUNDHD DEBT.
$445,180 00
38,773,212 82
388,200 00
100,000 00
$32,706,692 52
0 por cent. loan
5 II I. 6,
4 i 0 ac
4
Total funded debt
unruxunn DEBT.
Relief notes in eirc'n...8140,421. 00
Interest certificates out
standing 22,473 82
Interest certificates un-
claimed....., ........ 4,448 38
Domestic creditors 802 50
Total unfunded debt.. - 175,145 70
Total debt Deo. 3, 1857 39,881,738 22
Total debt Dec. 1, 1650 40,701,635 25
" " •' 1, 1857 39 681,738 22
Decrease during the fiscal year.. 820,097 55
These statements exhibit the gratifying fact that,
during the past fiscal year, the public debt has
boon roamed $820,095 50. During the same pe
riod large appropriations and payments were made
on account of our public improvements, for old and
unsettled claims adjusted under the mad bat cos
sten, and for other extraordinary purposes.
The condition of the Treasury prior to the sus
petition of specie payments by the banks, justified
the appropriation of at least $200,000 more in pay
ment of the publics debt, and arrangements wore
made by the Treasurer, under the direction of the
Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, to liquidate
that amount; but after the suspension and the con
sequent finatmial embarrassment of the country,
the proposed payment, from prudential motives,
was postponed, lied this payment been made, in
addition twill° payments already reported, the
statements and Calculations submitted in my last
' annual message in relation to tho early payment
and final exlinguishrimot of the public debt would
thus far have been sustained by their actual veri
fication.' The °desks that prevented their realiza
tion; it is believed, will soon cease to affect Wad
om ly the rev anu of the Commonwealth. Actuated
by' that indoirdtable'energy that Weyer characte
rised the American people—faltering for amoment,
bat rot disheartened by itdvorse circumstances that
surround us—roused to more vigorous action by dia•
aster and defeat, oar propose cannot long be
PMLADELYHIA, TIVRgDAY, 'JANUARY 7, 1858.
checked, nor our prosperity long be 'interntpted:
Confidence, the sensitive yet powerful tigtkey,'
that hinds in unity and strength the great flnara*.
Mal, commercial, and industrial interests bf one
country and the, world, has been Suddenly im
paired, producing finanolal and confineraifil.
tress, and affecting' the revenues of the CommonVl
wealth ; bat with the advantages resulting from
the rapid development of our nisourees during'
the last quarter of a century—the' imminsoly ,
valuable increase of oar agricultural, mining, and
manufacturing industry during the same perlith7-
tha abundant harvests of the past year—our ettlim
plated improvements, and all the elements :af I
material' wealth in ' our midst—its restart)*
don- at an early period is not nroblemati
eal. Returning confidenee will be the herald of
'returning prosperity. Notwithstanding, then, tbn
present embarrassment and gloomy condition of
the country, after w• careful consideration of the
present and prospective condition of thelinanees
And resources of the Commonwealth, I °UMW ,
hesitate to remflirm my belief "that the time 112
not far distant when Pennsylvania will Oath re.
deemed from the oppression of her public dibt ,
and her people be relieved from a taxation hit*:
posed to meet' its accruing Interest and malntalq
the faith and oredit of the Commonwealth," and`
that " by practising strict eminency in all depakr. -
motifs of the Government—avoiding extravagant
expenditure, refusing to undertake any new,
schemes of internal improvement, and 11°1)14% (C)):
a rigid neeountability the receiving and ilishnisink
agents of the State; the realization of thenr vlewF
may be anticipated with eonfidence."
As corroborative of the opinion now and titrfi,
tofore expressed; a brief review of the op`orAil
tions of the Treasury during the past OW
years, 119' connected with the payment of this
debt of the Commonwealth, may not be inappro
priate. In my first annual mining° to the hejtla t
laturo the fact was stated, that during the . OA(
years intervening between December 1, 1851; i.n4
December 1, 1854, the public debt had 'beeittb`
creased $1,581,359.34; and that the total dithrq
the close of the fiscal year, December 1; 1854,A]
$41,698,595.74. At the °Woof the late fiscal' ylair'
December 1, ]857, three years later, the ik
and unfunded debt, as before shown, was 830,881:it
738.22; decrease in three yearn $1,818,857.5
Thus in three years the publio debt has deep d6}
creased by actual payment and without reserttp,‘
to the expedient of temporary loans, $1.816 4 857.b2.
If to this be added the gam of $414,920.29 now td
the sinking fund and applicable to the paytneisp
of the funded debt, the reduction will be $2,23N
-777,81
These facts are not only gratifying bat eneenry
aging. It has already been stated that there
in the sinking fund the sum of s7,3oo,ooo—,lgnifis
of the Pennsylvania Railroad Companylbliari -
interest at the rate of 5 per onntum par mu i
payable semi-annually, and pledged to thq 14 , , l',
mont of the funded debt. If this sum be add
to the reduction before stated, we have preitenked
to us a virtual, if net an actual decrease, bf pi
State debt of $9,731,777 81 '
• showing the' WM
funded and unfunded debt of the State onlhe lit
day of December, 1857, to have been $31,905?
818.41.
~,,''
In anticipation of the sale of the Main Line stkl
the decrease in the public debt, the state tax, Or
-an act of the last regular session, was redueoci
from three to two and one-half mills on the dollfit,
a reduction equal to one-sixth of the tax Impostor
for State purposes prior to that aet. Tbisti faits'
speak for themselves. Will may' the people",ba
congratulated on each an auspicious beginning :1W
the process of liquidation, and well may they with
confidence anticipate the day of their deliveraliCi
from State taxation. Financial and otimniereie
embarrassment may postpone—nothing but Orlin
legislation, and the imprudent or dishonest road.
agement of our finances can prevent the early"-
attention of their well-founded anticipations.' i's' - '
liThe condition of the public works, theft OW:
rid operation, the reoeints and expenditiiresilistisig
the past fi;ictil year, will be presented to pain }ti
tan In the report of the Canal Commissioner :
The total receipts at the Treasury, from Itlieitilli:
lie works, for the year ending Novembiir 30, 18 31 1 i
including receipts from the Blain Line up! tsX ette
first day of August last, were $1,308,508.02. 'The'
aggregate expenditures for the same period viiiir
$1.,312,705.67 ; the expenditures exceeding the xa.
venues $1,107.05. .
The receipts at the Treasury from . the soveraVdi
visions were as follows, viz :
Main Line, to August 1, 1857
Susquehanna and North and West
5796 ' 55°
Branch Divisions ' 287,711300
Delaware Division 224, El,
The receipts from the Delaware Division ari4sx
than those of the previous year. The coniplagfin
of rival railroads and other onuses have 1 essii4l
the receipts from this important division oftatir
public works, and it is feared will oontinuo tole
orease them. Its management has been satiMie
tory, and compared with other divislops ofthe
public , improvements, economical. The netpre
venue, nt the Treasury, was 5174,081.87, a'de
crease of $90,093.53, us compared with the. rocetkts
of the preceding year. In addition tothti'dfdl
nary expenditures, the sum of $48,283 wiii4'.fild
for the enlargement and improvement of thlstil-•
vision.
The North Branch Extension of the Penns", a
nte Canal, although so far completed in the ,' of
1836, th0Ltriit0ir..84.4.4 , 74.6-smarriorrOTLk
duetlrwstelhooessfulty passed through Its • tire
length fr,.m Pittston to the Junotion Canal, yet in
consequence of large portienof the •• Horse Race
Darn' having been carried away by the freshet of
last spring, business on the canal was suspended
the greater part of the past year. It was re
paired during the summer, anti in the fall business
was resumed along its entire length. limns after,
the SUMO dam was again extensively injured by n
sudden and heavy freshet, and the greater part of
the canal rendered useless for business. An appro
priation will be required to re-construct the dam.
This canal, although useful and valuable, op
pears to be doomed to failure and disaster. These
are the Delta of former mismanagement and fraud
in its construction. Every effort has beau made
to repair the errors of its early management, and
to oomplete and render useful this division of our
public welly. Under proper management it- can
bo successfully accomplished.
In pursuance of the act of 16th day of May,
1857, providing for the sale of the „Main Line
of the nubile works, after giving the notion re
quired- by law, I caused the said Main Lino to be
exposed to publics sale at the Merchants' Exchange,
ha the city of Philadelphia, on the 25th day of
June last, and sold the same to the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company, far the sum of $7,500,000, the
highest price bid for the same, and the minimum
prieefixed in the act.
After a full compliance by the purchasers with
the conditions of the aot authorizing the sale, and
the delivery of their bonds, in number and for the
amounts equal to and falling duo at the lima pro
vided for the payment of the respective instal
ments, the Secretary of the Commonwealth, on the
.31st day of July, A. D. 1857, as directed by the
net, transferred, under the great seal of the State,
to the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, their suc
cessors or assigns, the whole Main Line of the pub
lie works between Philajelphia and Pittsburgh;to
gather with all the right, title, and interest, claim
and demand, of the Commonwealth of Pennsylva
nia, to all property, real, personal, and mixed, be•
longing to or used in connection with the same by
the Commonwealth; and the purchasers having
given notice of their readiness to take possession of
the said works, possession of the same wee accord
ingly delivered tv the company on the first day of
August lust, of which notice was given to all 9U•
perintendents and agenta of the Commonwealth, by
proclamation, bearing date the diet day of July,
1857, as reauirod by the law authorizing the sale.
The bonds of the Pennsylvania Railroad Com
pany, in the sum of $7,500,0(10, were resolved by
the State Treasurer, and are hold by him for the
Commissioners of ihe Sinking Fund; the entire
proceeds of the sale being required by the 12th
section of the net to be paid to the Sinking Fund
and applied to the payment of the State debt.
I cannot forbear congratulating the people of
the Commonwealth on the consummation of this
sale. Public sentiment, as expressed through the
ballot-box, and in other forms equally signifiount,
demanded it—public policy and the interests of
the Commonwealth required it. It is done. The
many approve, few complain; those moat who hove
gained an unenviable reputation by a reckless
disregard of the public interests, as exhibited in
the extravagant, uselose, and fraudulent expendi
tures of the public money for selfish or partisan
purposes.
0,501 00
30,000 00
$39,860,975 50
- The sato of the Main Line has direo ted public
attention to the Importance and necessity of dispo
sing of the remaining divisions of tbe public no
provements. The reasons and policy that requited
and justified the sale of the ono, apply with equal
force to the salo of t'le other. The propriety of
separating the State from the care and control of
the publio works is not only evident to all who
have given the subject a candid and impartieloon
sideration, but the necessity is clearly established
by the history of their construction and manage
ment. They have failed to be a source of revenue
to the Commonwealth, and if retained by the
State, will require an expenditure In their repair
and management largely exceeding any revenue
that, under the most favorable ciroumatanees, can
bo derived from them. In any phase of the ques
tion this separation is desirable, but In connection
with the payment of the public debt, and the re
duction of State taxation, it beoolues an object of
more than ordinary interest A sale, at the earli
est predicable period, of the whole of our publio
ivorks, for a fairconsidoration, upon terms just and
liberal to the purohnsors, and at the same time am
ply protective of the rights and interests of the
-people, should be auth9ris?d by the Legislature.
Such ante, with the application of the proceeds to
the payment of the public debt, would secure its
still more rapid extinguishment. The subject is
recommended to your unbiased consideration.
8.34,859 75
- - -
340,781,835 25
The law incorporating the Pennsylvania Rail
road Company imposed a tax of three mills per
ton per mile, on all tonnage passing ovor that
road, as an equivalent for any dooroase in the
revenues of the Commonwealth, that might ISrl3O
from the anticipated competition of the road
with the business of the Main Lino of the public
improvements This tax Is not imposed up,m the
company, but upon the tonnage, and it is paid by
the owners of the freight transported over the
road, the company noting as agents in its collec
tion and payment to the State. It is virtually a
tax upon the trade nod commerce of the Common
wealth, and upon the commerce of other States
whom productions seek an eastern market over
this road; and thus,
by ineroasing the rata of
charges and the cost of transportation, the pro
duce of the 'West is forced upon the competing
railroads of other Status, and to other markets
than our own. The necessity that required this
tux, as regards the Commonwealth and her im
provements, has coastal. Its continuance can only
be justified es a revenue measure. It should be
the policy of the State to invite the transmission
of the products of other States through her ter•
ritory . to her own markets, and, thelefuro, the
propriety of relieving the trade end businots of
the Commonwealth and country from this tax
upon it is respectfully submitted for your con
animation.
In consequence of the suspension of spool° pay
ments by the banks of this and the other Status of
the Union, and the financial embarrassment and
general prostration of business, I dimmed It my
duty to call, as authorized by the tionstitutirn, an
extra session of tho Legislature, to meet at Hurls
burg on the sixth day of October last. Alttough
the relief provided by tbitt extraordinary Radon
`of , the GeneinfAsseinbly 'WSW sot as ample as the
etigeney of the onto required, yet 'it was produe
tiveof many heneficial results, end served tonna) ,
.the intense excitement and alarm that pervaded
the entire community. ily the not providing for
the react:option of specie payments by the batks;
•iell banking institutions aoltepting the prOlsions
of that law were required to pay into the Treasury
entufourth of ;one perocnt. on their capital stook;
theamonet realized by thp payment of this bonus
has not only defrayed all the expenses of that :W
-otan, but will:W
otan, leave a balance id the Treashry of
Mot less than thirty : five thousand dollars—a result
Certainly not Injurious to the finances of the Corn.'
Mouwealth., . .
• My views expressed in former communications
An the subjeot of banks and banking capital, in
titbit relations to the ourreney and general in
tereste of trade; remain unchanged. However
;diverse oar opinions may •be en this subject, it
must be admitted by all that the banking and
credit systems ore an intimately interwoven with'
fbb bush:meg and commove. of the country, that
their sudden separation, or a : rash innovation,
WWII produee consequences of fearful magnitude.
:That the present system of banking is perfect is
not pretended ; that it could be essentially modi
' OA fklidimproved, will not be denied, The pre•
"Sent derangement of the currency may and will
suggest the' necessity of reform, not only In the
.system itself, but in the management of our bank
intiustitttlione. • ' :
'• : nilicited'oredlta by corporationaor iddividuala
Wait, and ever will be an unmitigated evil. - They
Contribute to bank expansions, rash speordritions,
extravagant living, and excessive oventrading ;
iiitrays sore to be followed by ruinous revulsione.
What the remedy should be I do not deem H my
liter:nee, under existing circumstances, to suggest;
• fent lobe permanent and effectual, it must accor d,
• eillth the natural and necessary lawsof trade. The
'eur'repey of treenntry forms no exception to these
bilsaNtillidionlit Weft to their operation anti con- ,
:trot 'ao far as may be Consistent with the public '
rg'lt hi, therefore, that a system of free bank
m
, bitted on undoubted publio mourities, and coin
in 'add proportion to circulation and deposits as
`may he'deeused euMelent to secure their conversion
into specie, on demand, with proper limitations
'and restrictions , Is deemed preferable to the pros.
. 0,,t0a
leat system. Its introduction would correct many
a.xi, tintebuses, not only in the system itself, but
'ea Lite present mode of banking. These questions„
,ho
~,, t •er, with the remedies necessary to prevent
.scirocurrenee of the evils - under which we now stif
for, together with the nature and extent pf the
relief, if any, that may yot be required by the
auks of the Commonwealth, to enable them to
- resume the payment of their liabilities in specie,
are all referred to the wisdom of the Legislature.
They,ere practioal and important business ques
tions, and as such should receive your intelligent
'cOnsideration.
The present condition of our Commonwealth and
oottntry deserves at least a pausing remark. A se
vere financial revulsion has occurred, : inducing a
Suspension of specie payments by the banks, not
only of this Commonwealth. bat of all the States
Of the Onion, deranging the currency and affect
ing disastrously all the groat intorseta of commerce
and the industrial pursuits of the citizen. Labor
is without employment, and thousands of strong,
active men aro now asking for work or bread. The
- sautes assigned for these evils are almost as vari
, one as the Interests or prejudices of those who nu
dertake their explication. To whatever mum or
causes they may be referred, it is neither just nor
- proper to charge all oor present financial and
commercial distress to the banks and their man
agement. however- much they may have
contributed, other causes have operated still
More directly and powerfully to produeo
these results ; and among thous, first in ha
portanoo and influence is the present system
lof low 'duties, in connection with the ware
lousing system, adopted as the polioy of the
General Government in 1846. The abandonment
Of the protective policy, as embodied in the tariff
act of 1842, was resisted by Pennsylvania with a
unanimity almost unparalleled in her history.
Tier representatives in both branches of the Na
- tional Congress strenuously opposed the repeal of
that act. The evils under which „we are now suf
fering were predicted as a consequence of snob
repeal. But other cousin's prevailed, tho act was
repealed, and the industry of the country exposed
to a ruinous competition with the cheap labor
of foreign nations. The disastrous effects of the
repeal Were postponed by the operation of owes
well understood by every intelligent citizen. Fa
mine abroad produced an unprecedented demand for
our bleadstuffs, and the gold of California, al
'though It may have added to the excitement of
our progress. and contributed its full share in pro
ducing exists; financial and commercial ember
' rintsment, in millions, supplied the moans of pay
ing the overwhelming balances against us on our
fa - reign importations. tinder thepresent system of
lots duties, the excess of imports over exports bee
been beyond the most extravagant wants of the
country.
They have been enormous and TUilloU2—destrue
tive of domestic industry, and involving the home
manufacturer and home labor in ono common
ruin. Tie have Imported more than we could pay
for, and much snore than we needed. Penney"-
*anis abounds in iron ore. Iron and its manufac
tures are justly - regarded os important elements of
.-.....b.b.i_ataalth.l_ansifrarn her_ lihnnVileth
If properly fostered And protected by a wise na &mini
policy, could supply tile markets of the world ;
and yet, since the passage of the art of 1846, we
have imported of iron and steel and their manu
factures more than 5200,000,000 in value; paid
for in gold or our bonds and stocks, now held by
foreign capitalists, the interest on which hut adds
to the burdens imposed upon us by our foreign in
debtedness. The same is true of many other im
portant branches of home industry. Many mil
lions In value of cation and woollen goods have,
during the same period, been imported, that should
have been made in our own workshops, should
have been woven on American, and not on British,
French, or German looms.
As an example of the practical working of the
system, official documents exhibit the filet, that
during the past four years the Imports of foreign
merchandise exceeded our exports 181,200,768; and
as a consequence, the drain of the precious metals
was correspondingly great. The amount of specie
sent out of the country during that period was
s2l4,3Bl,3Bl—specio imported $20,027,427 ; leav
ing a balance against us on specie account of $184,-
430,07. This depleting process, aggravated by
excessive importations, unsettled the currency and
induced an inflated paper circulation, resulting in
bank suspensions and financial embarrassment.
But the evil does not end here. An inflated paper
currency, by cheapening the price of money, in
creases in this country the cost of production, and
thus, whilst the American manufacturer is ex
posed, under a system of low duties, to a ruinous
competition with the cheap labor of Europe, he is
paid for his goods in a currency less valuable than
that pa'd to his foreign competitor, Asa necessary
result, the home fabric is driven from the market,
and the home manufacturer ruined. The operation
of these causes, stimulated by low duties, is suffi
cient to destroy the Industrial energies of any
people.
With these facts before us, it is no matter of sur
prise that our mills, factories, and furnaces have
been closed and thousands of honest laborers
thrown out of employment; that commerce has
scarcely an existence; that bankruptcy anal ruin
are around us, and our general prosperity paralyz
ed. To avoid these disasters, to which we have
been periodically exposed, reform not only in our
system of banking, but in our revenue laws, be
comes indispensable.
If the principle of the net of 1812 had been pre
served—oven it its rate of duties had been re
duced, our specie by millions would not have gone
into foreign coffers to build up and sustain the
foreign manufacturer; home industry would bo
prosperous, and the my, " We want work," issuing
from is thousand lips in our large cities and manu
facturing districts, would not now be heard; nor
would a foreign debt of nearly five hundred mil
lions of dollars exist to startle and alarm us. That
system that practically prefers forriow
.to home
labor—that keeps our workshops in Europe, in
stead of building and supporting them hero—that
takes our gold to pay the wages of the British la
borer, whilst our own are is ithout employment
and without bread—that fills the country with
foreign morehandise to the exclusion of the home
fabric—that lays the British rail upon the road
through our iron districts and by our rolling mills,
whilst they are silent and deserted, and that in
vites to speculation and extravagance—is at war
with every true American Interest, und:should be
ut once abandoned.
A period of low duties has always been marked
by excessive importations, large exports of specie,
evertrading, hank expansions and suspensions, and
financial and commercial rovulsions. Under the pro
tective policy, these peouli tr and startling dam
teristies of free trade have all been wanting. The
history of the country establishes these facts. A
welbregulated tariff, adjusted to protect the pro
duotive industry of the country, Is not only the
true policy of the Government, but It is a better
regulator of the currency, and a mere certain seou
rity against bank expansions, than any system of
pains and penalties yet devised for the control of
banking institutio:'s or the operations of capital.
To this we should return. Pennsylvania is yet
true to her ancient and long-cherished convictions
of its propriety and necessity. She may have been
Political and partisan pressure may have
forced her from her true position. This was her
misfortune, not her fault. She sees and feels the
wrong, and, with an emphasis intensified by her
injuries, will demand redress, protection for her-
IA( and the great industrial interests of her
people.
Thee agricultural interests of the country should
ever bo fostered and sustained by the State. They
are first in necessity and usefulness, and constitute
the basis of State and national prosperity. Upon
their progress and'ilovelopment depends the success
or our mechanical, manufacturing, and commercial
interests.
Agriculture, in its varied and multiplied rela
tions, is the unfailing source of national wcalrh,
and to its promotion all should contribute. Indi
vidual enterprise and liberality, State and county
ti,sociations, have done much to advance this im
portant branch of productive industry ; have col
looted and circulated much valuable information,
and encouraged by their honorable exertions the
progress of scientific , end practical apiculture.
cioaeo and art have nobly proffered their aid—the
State should not withhold her encouragement and
support.
I have heretofore recommended the establish
ment of an Agricultural Bureau, in connection
with some one of the State Departments, to give
efficiency to the collection and diffusion of useful
knowletlgo on this subject. Impressed with the
necessity and usefulness of sash a bureau, I again
earnestly recommend it to your favorable conside
ration.
"The Partners' High School of Pennsylvania,"
an institution incorporated by the Legislature in
1853, is entitled to tho espeeial attention of the
friends of agriculture. In the teachings of this
institution the seientific and the practical ore
united; anti whilst the art of farming and all
that pertains to the management, business, and
work of a farm, will bo the subject of instruction,
the natural sciences, in their relation and appli
cation to practical agriculture, will also ho taught.
The student of the Institution will be enabled to
test, in his daily occupation, the truth and value
of the knowledge communicated.
Much of the land connected with the school has
been successfully cultivated during the past year,
()tabards of oer". variety of fruit and hedges have
bean planted, and many valuable improvements,
made. •A double-storied barn, large and come.
Weld, as also the farmer'e hone and part of the
oat-buildings, have been erected and °coupled..
Prom the report of the trustees we learn that - r‘a
contrived, has bee* made for the erection of an edi
.
/Ice calculated for the residenee of professors, lec
ture hells- and dormitories for students, to be
built of atone, four stories high, 233 feet in front,
with wings, and to cost $65,000.' This building is
'already in progress, and it is hoped that a part of
it may be put under real and be so far completed
as to enable the board to make arrangements to re
ceive a few students before thetiose of the current
year." The Legislature, at their last session, ap
propriated $50,000 to this Institution, one half of
which had loan paid, the .remaining $25,000 to be
paid on condition that an equal sum be realized
from other sources, within three years from the
passage of the act making the appropriation.:
The objects and' character of thte institution
—its relation to agricultural knowledge, 'and
as the pioneer in the great work of agricultural
edncation—commend it tithe generous - parse&
age of the Legislature, and to the confidence and
liberality of the people of the Commonwealth.
The repoit to be submitted by the Superinten•
dent of Common Schools will present a clear .and
satisfactory statement of the general 'operation of
the system during the past year. •
The separation of the school from the State'Thi••
partment, by the not of the last session, 'was a just
tribute to the importance and value of our common
school system. The great'educational interests of
the State, the oare'and guardianship of the Intel
tactual, social, and moral improvement of
_the
youth of the Commonwealth, should occupy aliro
minent and independent position among the de
partments of the Government. If the care of tine
treasure of the Commonwealth, the development
of her material wealth, and the advancement of
her pelitiocooonorateal interests, have reeelved
'frous l the Government elus marked and distinctive
recognition of their importance,. hove: numb' mote
should the mind of - her youth, with its wondrous
aotivities, its constantly unfolding energies, and
its 'infinite superiority to the material and physi
cal, claim a still higher consideration, and receive
from the representatives of the people a more
honored recognition.
As an independent department, greater efficiency
will be given to the system—a more direct and lin:
mediate supervision will be secured—the details of
its operation more carefully observed—its deficien
cies discovered—its errors corrected—the accom
plishment Of its noble purposes and objects render
ed more certain, and the system itself saved from
the dangerous and debasing influence of political
excitement and partisan prejudice.
The county superintendency, tested by experi
ence, has realised thejust expectations of the
friends of the measure, dui may now be regarded
as a permanent and indispensable part of the eye
tem. When committed to competent mon, it has
accomplished a noble work In promoting the suc
cess and usefulnees of our common Wools; and
wherever the duties of the office have been faith
fully performed. the character of the schools has
been elevated, their number and the number of
scholars increased, and the confidence and encou
ragement of the public secured. In the hands of
incompetent men, these results have not been ob
tained; but, on the contrary, opposition has been
provoked, and the cause of common school educa
tion retarded. This office should not be
committed to any but men thoroughly quali
fied by education and experience for the perform
ance of Its arduous and responsible duties;
and if the school directors of any county, in dis
regard of their obligations, from opposition either
to the system or the aloe, select an incompetent
person for the place, the odium of the act, and of
failure to secure the benefits resulting from a
proper end intelligent administration of the office,
should rest upon them, and not upon the law au
thorising the appointment. The defects of the
system, when clearly established, should be
promptly corrected ; but change is not always re
form ; and innovation, induced by selfishness or
prejudice, may endanger its permanency and de
stroy its efficiency.
, ,The act of the 20th day of May, 1657, providing
for the duo training of teachers for the common
schools of the State, by encouraging the establish
ment of normal schools within the districts desig
nated inithe lea', has received the cordial appro
bation of all interested in the success of our com
mon schools. The pawing° of that set inaugurated
a new era in the history of common school educa
tion in Pennsylvania. It is a movement in the
right direction—fall of encouragement and hope
for the greater perfection and usefulness of the
system. Large and enthusiastic meetings of the
friends of education have been held, in many of
the districts, to promote the establishment of nor
mal schools, as contemplated by the act; and
liberal sums of money have been subscribed to
secure this desirable object. A noble work has
been commenced ; and sustained by individual en
terprise and liberality, encouraged by the State,
and vindicated by its own intrinsic merit, it most
go on until State normal schools, in number and
efficiency, equal to the supply of well-trained
teachers, shall become the just pride and boast of
Pennsylvania.
The organic structure or our system is as per.
feet perhaps, as human legislation can make it ;
but its needs the competent and thoroughly trained
lonotalre to nivoit atotOtar '-¢itailta and Otnolonoy ,
and secure the full accomplishment of the pur
poses of its creation. The teacher, the properly
educated, the well trained, the scientific teacher,
is the great want of the system. We need the
teaching mind, not the automaton movements of
more physical organization or antiquated routine,
to direot and control the intelleetual energies of
the youth of the Commonwealth. IPo require
mind, educated mind, in oar schools, that know
ledge may be communicated not only effectively
and practioally, but that in training the young
they may be taught to think—and how to think—
to investigate and know for themselves; and thus
be fitted and prepared for the high and responsible
duties of the man and the citizen.
This deficiency can only be supplied by Stab)
normal schools for the education of teachers. To
them we must lurk. The fixture is full of hope.
Much has already been done to provide for their
establishment and support. In connection with
honarahlo individual effort, more legislative en.
couragement may be required. It should be given
cheerfully and promptly. No subject of greater
Interest can claim your attention: no one appeals
with more reason and truth to duty and patriotism.
Teachers' institutes, as auxiliary to normal
schools, should be aided by the State. Thiough
their agency, sustained by the noble and self-de
nying efforts of the teachers themselves, much
good has been accomplished in educating and
training teachers, and in dignifying a proteesion
too long undervalued by those mo=t deeply inte
rested in their useful labors.
In the great work of popular education, there
should be no retrograde movement in Pennsylva
nia; no yielding to the impotent clamor of igno
rance, selfishness, or prejudice, in their attempts
to stay its progress. These, ono end all, may de
nounce and condemn, but virtue, patriotism, truth,
bid you onward. Lot the system be maintained in
its unity and usefulness; lot it be improved and
perfected In its details ; but let no act of yours im
pair its strength, or mar the bounty and harmony
of its proportions.
Based as our institutions aro on the will of the
people—dependent for preservation on their virtue
and intelligence—knowledge with us should occu
py the high position to which itis so pre-eminently
entitled. Knowledge, founded upon the pure
principles of eternal truth, is the crowning glory
of the citizen—the safeguard and defence of the
State. Education, full and free to all, is the boon
we ask for the children of the Commonwealth—it
is the duty, paramount to all others, the State
owes to her citizens. Tho aid of the Common
wealth should be liberally bestowed. The subject,
in all its relations, is warmly commended to the
generous earn and patronage of the Legislature.
Legislation, whilst properly encouraging the de
velopment of the material wealth of the State,
should recognise the stilt higher obligation to im
prove tho social, intellectual, and moral condition
of the people The ainelionition of human suffer
ing, the reformation of the erring, and the correc
tion of youthful viciousness, are objects that do
servo the attention of the philanthropist and
statesman. To secure these results, the educa
tional, charitable, and reformatory institutions of
the Commonwealth should be fostered and encour
aged by liberal legislation.
The reports of the State Lunatic Hospital, at
Harrisburg, and the Western Pennsylvania Hos
pital fur the Insane, at Pittsburgh, will be laid
before you, and will exhibit in detail their opera
tions for the past year.
These institutions, in their objects and results,
merit, and should receive, our warmest approba
tion. The condition of no class of suffering hu
manity appeals with more thrilling power to our
sympathies than that of the insane. Ignorant of
the frightful malady that oppresses them, shroud
ed in the fearful gloom of mental darkness, and
shut out from the social joys of home and friends,
the aid of the benevolent and the benefactions of
the Commonwealth should be liberally and cheer
fully given to them.
The House of Refuge in Philadelphia, and the
Western House of Refuge near Pittsburgh, again
ask to share the bounty of the Commonwealth.
These schools for the erring, neglected and out
cast children and youth of the State—these homes
whore kindness rules and love subdues the vicious
and incorrigible, should not be denied their re
quest.
The " Blind " and the "Deaf and Dumb " As) ,
lines at Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania
Training School for Idiotic and Feoblc-minded
Children, present their annual claim for your sym
pathy and aid. The darkened eye, the silent
tongue, and the weakened intellect, in sorrow and
sadness, appeal to the representatives of the pee
de for this boon. It cannot be refused
My views In relation to "local," special," and
" omnibus legislation," have been so frequently ex
pressed In communications to the Legislature, that
their repetition le now unnecessary. Such legisla-
tion, often so subvorsivo of private rights, so de.
Glum:Gal to the public interest, and generally so
mischievous M. its consequences, should not ho en
couraged or permitted.
The report of the Adjutant General will be laid
before you. To its valuable and importent sugges
tions I invite your careful consideration.
I must again call the attention of the Legislature
to the subject of revising the militia laws of the
State. TROY era so crude and imperfect, in many
of their provisions,. and obscure in some of their
enactments, that It is difficult to discover the object
intended, or comprehend the duty enjoined. rho
powers and duties of the respective officers con
nected with the military organization of thu Com
monwealth should-be more clearly defined.
Greater encouragement should be given to the for
mation of volunteer companies; the entire system
should be remodeled, and placed in a position to
become alike honorable end useful to the State.
The Select and Common Councils of the city of
Philadelphia, by an ordinance passed the 7th day
cf Ap7il, 185111 and officially communicated to the
Legislature at their last general session, proposed
to convey to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania a
lot of ground, in that city, for thu purpose of erect
ing an arsenal thereon. By tho net of the 6th of
May, 1857, the Governer was authorized to accept
from the Mayor of Philadelphia, under the seal of
the corporation, tho conveyance in fee simple of
the lot of grossed proposed to he donated to the
Cumnonwealth, for the purpose. indionted. The
conveyance was duly executed by the Mayor on the
TWO . CEIVI S:
. ,
. . ,
26th hey of June:, 1857 end delivered end adeepted.
on the Slst day of July following; an directed by
the act. The fourth section of the same eel author
ized the Governor to apply The proceeds of the
sale of the animal in Philadelp hia (84040) to
the ereollou Of an arsetialon the lot of ground thus
granted to the Commonwealth. In Imseettitetise at
the enthority conferred, a contract wee made with
a ekilfal and expartemied archite6t; foe the erection
and' oetopletian of the proposed linseleals te he large
and oemmodious, and adapted to -the
,porpeses in
tended. The buildiog was tinmediatel commetused,
under the direetsuperrisionhf the At "ufsust Gene
ral, and le now completed and ready x the rebel
tiou of the artrui, ry, stores, en equipments
-milibt
i .
of the Common Wealth. It is of brick; three eptiries
hi hone btindred 'zed nighty-two feet front on
Filbert street, and ftfly.fttet, in depth. The founda-
Alen vales of atone ere Maesdre. The amt .
of construction did. n ot' teciedlitelaPproprietion.
'lt is a stibstandel and-elegant - stalletarei isee will
be a gaffs depository torah() public arres• an 'Penes
merit to the City, and a: - ereditilo , the Common
wealth.
lane of my predecessors, in hie alloill'in
P ° m n°l-
cation to the Legislatire, initnedtatel after the
close of late war with' ISfezeatea ?eche:mended
the erection of a atonement to:the memory of those
citizen• soldiers, from Pennsylvania,, who. died in
the service ofthelf country in that wil.' It le due
to them that sonie 'nubile , ae:knowledgmeet of
' their 'patriotic' vertical shpuld 'ha enade hi, the
' State. „Concurring in the sentlmente.eiprested in
tbe co mmunication to which ' refirende bee boon
mad€l,'l would also Invite 'juror: attention to the
propriety of erecting,•in the,publio grounds of the
Capitol, a suitable moneinent to their meptetl,
and thus honor those who, by theirondeunted bra
very and invineible valor, honoted onenoble'Com
-mouvre el th.
Thepublication of the . Geologleal 'Keport of the
State, under the superlitendence of .Prot Rogers,
is rapidly approaohing ecesglethm„ Thikower
lags • and illasteetiena are nearly cum Toted, and
the first ,voluarts 'mew ine pre, Whion 4s'expeets
will be ready for delivery sewn after the meeting
of the Legislature, and this 60C.0124}124 last vignette
before its adjoeunnlent or ipirnedhstely thateafter.
The style and general' eiecatiow of the wee* will
be "equal,' if sot superior, to that of any eviller
publication by ear, sister States. It will fully sus
tain the reputation of the distirigels hell geidogist
by-whore the surveys wet, made, and who; de
voted 'so much Aare nod -attention to its Sen
nett. The large geological map of the State, hick
will accompany the volumes, will not be 11 !shed
before the aloft of the yea:. Great care has; bean
taken to make it perfect in all its details.; The
whole work will be a valuable addition to geo
graphical, as well 1111 geological — Ranee, and will
be alike useful to the citizens of the Coalman
wealth, and honorable to its author.
The resolutions proposing amendments bo the
Constitution of the Commonwealth were published
as directed by that instrument. In accordance
with the provisions of the sail of 12th of ;May,
1857, the proposed amendments were submitted to
the people for their ratification or selection dtt .the
second Tuesday of October last. The returns of
said election have been received, and will Vie de
livered to the Speaker of the Senate, as directed
by law, when the fact of their adoption thy a
large majority will be officially ascertain and
and
announced. .
The fourth section of the first article pf the
amended Constitution requires the Legislature, at
the first session after the adoption of this *end
meet, to divide the city of Philadelphia into Se
natorial and Representative districts, in the man
ner provided In that section. This duty delreives
upon you, and should be performed with fidelity
and due regard to the interests and rights of the
people of that city. . i
- Relieved from the imputation of selfishness; I
cannot forbear presenting for your considetration
a subject that should claim your earliest attention.
I refer to the erection of a house at tneat of
Government, for the use of the Governor f the
I n
Commonwealth. The want of a public don •
has been seriously felt by all who basal been
culled to weepy that olleial station. ' Whilst ! al
most all our sister Statee have provided residensts
for the accommodation of their Chief • Migti
trate'', Pennsylvania, for reasons ' not credit
able to her as the " Keystone State," hasr fused I
to incur the expense necessary-for the er ectio n of
such a building:The failure to provide, in t man
ner, for his accommodation, subjects the Gov or to
much inconvenience, oftentimes vexatious d an
noying. A suitable house cannot always is ob
i
tained here, and in that event he is compel's:ld tole
shut up in the raoms of a hotel, or crowded veitishis
family into some steal' and obscure dwelling, alike
unfitted for dqmestio comfort, or the - exhibition of
the amenities and courtesies of mist life. Iteihonld
be remembered that the Governor of the Gammon- ,
wealth is regarded as the representative of the peeve
ple, socially res well as politically, and, therefore,he
should be enabled,by every proper applianot‘ to re
present truly their social ,virtues and the,repter.
This he cannot do, to the extentdesired,on the 'very
meagre salary he receives; and Ido nob hesitate '
to affirm that no one occupying this Otte can,
without drawing largely on hie private income,
exercise the hospitalities ,or maintain thedignity
properly associated with the , position: I have
avoided all useless expenditures, and yet. the
salary received' has been wholly . insoffietent to
defray the expenses necessarily incurred. This
should not be permitted. Every consideration of
- P 01,314 Poller:.evers - ...honerable unpalee of 'proper
State pride, require that the - Clad - - Elect:are
officer of the Commonwealth should be provided
with a suitable residence, at the seat of Govern
ment, and with a salary adequate to the expendi
ture incident to his high official position. I
In my last annual communication to the General
Assembly my sentiments were fully expressed in
reference to reform in the naturalization laws,
and the admission of applicants to the rights of
citizenship; to the preservation of the purity of
elections, by the prevention and punishment of '
fraudulent and Steed voting, and the enactment
of a judicious registry law; to freedom 143 the
groat centre-truth of American republicanism—
the
greet law of American nationality; to the
rights of the States as independent sovereignties,
and the power and duty of the General Govetnment
to prevent the extension of the institution of slavery
to the free Territories of the Union ; to the wrongs
of Kens is, as exhibited in the violation , of the
doctrine of popular sovereignty, by the General
Government, in its attempts, by the nil:tarry
power of the country and otherwise, to defeat the
,vill of the majority in that Territory I wrongs ,
still existing nod aggravatedpy recent outrages on ,
the rights and privileg,es of that people, and ap
proved by high National Executive authority. To
the views then presented you are respectfully re- -
tarred.
By the expiration of the constitutional term,
my official connection with the Government of the
Commonwealth will coon cease. The powers, un
der the Constitution, vested in 3110 by the people,
will be transferred to another of their own selec
tion ; and with my warmest wishes for his success,
I will, relieved from the cares and anxieties of offi
cial ',lane, retire to private life. In the discharge
of the duties devolved upon me, I have endea
vored, to the extent of my ability, to promote the
interests and hocor of the Commonwealth, and the
virtue, the happiness, and prosperity of her citi
zens. If not successful, I have at least labored to
deserve success; nod in surrendering the trust
committed to me by a generous people, my only re
gret will be that I have not been able to serve our
noble Commonwealth with a zeal and ability equal
to the interest I feel in her progress and welfare.
Whatever of merit or demerit may attach to wad
ministration, whatever may be the opinion enter
tained of my conduct of the affairs of State, Icon at
least claim from my fellow-citizens, with a full con
sciousness of its right,the award of good intention;
will enjoy in my retirement the proud satisfaction
o" knowing that no act of mine. or of my adminis
tration, in tendency or feet, injurel or corrupted
the public morals, retarded the prospori'y or tar
nished the fair fame of my native State. I will
surrender to my successor the cares and responsi
bilities of the ethos, I now bold with greater cheer
fulness than I assumed them, and will return,
without a murmur, to the society and companion
ship of those who can approve without selfishness,
and censure only at the bidding of truth and
friendship. To the judgment of impartial history
I commit my administration and its acts, without
a fear of the result; cud when time shall have
softened the asperity of partisan feeling. healed
the bitterness of disappointment, and corrected
the errors of prejudice. truth will sustain the
judgment, and justice approve the record.
Our beloved Commonwealth, rich in all the ele
ments of material greatness--her broad and fertile
fields—her lofty mountains , filled with inexhausti
ble mineral wealth—her rivers and her streams—
her internal iinprtivements, ber furnaces, rolling
mills and fruitosita—her colleges, academies,
and her noble System of common schools—
her churches and charitable institutions-her po
pulation, enterprising, energetic, intelligent, and
prosperous—all the so are justly the pride of every
true-hearted Pennsylvanian. Our mighty Repub
lic, " the free heart's hope and home," the Con
stitution and tbo Union of the States—the civil
and religious privileges of the peoplei—the right
of conscience and freedom of worship—the great
and essential principle of liberty and free govern
ment, here enjoyed—and our American nation
ality, founded in a true and single devotion to
home and country—iire objects that fill with patri
otic emotion the heat t of every American citizen.
May they be cherist.ed and defended until pa
triotism ()oases to be a virtue and liberty be known
only as a name. •
The true glory and g reatness cf a nation consist
not alone in the number, privileges, or intellectual
superiority of her people, her material wealth or
physical strength, her politioal position or form of
government. " Rightet amen exalteth a nation,"
and " happy is that p eople whose God is the
Lord." Our fathers tens tad in Him, and wore not
disappointed. Recognisi ng . ilita as the Sovereign
Ruler of nations and men invokinga continuance
of his watchful care over the interests of the Com
monwealth, and his blessing upon your official la
bors—may your acts and t t ho acts of them who may
succeed us in the athninistri tion of the government,
in their character and remits, bo such as patriot-
ism demands, and honor, tin oth, and conscience can
sanction and approve. JAMES POLLOCK.
Pacers's". V. CIiAM MR,
Harrisburg, January 6, 1 SSS. 1_
John 11. Babcock, 29 yours of age, of Port
land, Maine, left Troiston, Missouri, with his wife
and two children, in tiny last , in company with an
emigrant train for C tlitornia,. A letter from his
widow, who has arrived at Dry Creek. California,
gives the following a:count of .his death : "We had
reached the head.w stars of the Humboldt. When
encamped in our Vf egens, on the night of August
11, Mr. Babcock being taken sud denly ill, left the
wagon, when be wris taken by the guard to be an
Indian, who tired upon him. I beard the report
of the gun, and gave the alarm - that Mr. Babcock
was out, when the guard threw his gun away, and
cried out, Good God. I have 'kilted John Bab
cock!' Air. E. lived 3d hours °after he was Ehot,
suffering most see erely.
Tho mortalitr record of the island of St.
Thomas, made u p from January, 11110, to Septem
ber, 1857, shows that nine hundred and sixty-nice
persons died of yellow fever, seventeen bundled
and twenty-fi . le of cholera, two hundred and
seventy-one of small pox, and n'ix thous Ind
eight hundred and ninetynine of .all other dm
ease,, during. that psriod. Tho avevage annual
deaths from 'pit digoaca were five hundred and
Ilftptive.
NOTION 'Pr 9411.ZSPOM
Cc,4l44,6fifiroi"VP P X4 4 ".4th 44114041'
luau, followbog Oft'
f"
Iva l 7 ocaamaakatioia Meet be Meampaalai by His
name of the 'Ma". 'ln afd . is to 'azure eTnectsees of
tie inagraphi t bat 'ail.- side ofa ahem% should be
written van.
We 4.01 difea t tly otpl4rid to titttliotili tilinsyl
viaigiazia other Mates forei r ottribattomis iirlair s the ens.
rent zoos of the dag to their puticuisr the
mamas of the surrosad log eosotry, the inmate of
popilattotr., and soy infortastloo that will be intehetioi
to the getierol touter.
GENERAL NEWS.
A dehperate af f ray took place at West Du
buque, lona, on New Year's night, at a place
tailed the Weetera . Brewery BAD neentned as a
legerbeir Sall on. " 'UM ,
830
that everything in and around the building gave
evidence that atonal desperate and Airway struggle
hid taken place. -. A large pool of blood , trampled
in with mire, pointed oat the spot where the poor
uufortunate young Thomas Gamer hid fallen—his
face, heed; tuodneek horribly mutilated with forty
eight shots—and had died weltering in his -blood,
and where his brother, weeping over hia corpse,
was shot down beside hint.
The face of the deceased was completely riddled
with shot, and be mast law° tiledtiled almost instsnt
ly: 'Dr. Asa 'Darr held .
ettanoination over his
brolly in presence of the coroner and jury, While
so doing, his old father noshed' in, end the scene
over the deaf_ body' of his sea' wan truly heart
rending. Upstairs lay. another son, Tohn Gainer,
very dang%reurtly wounded in,the bead, bY a cut
received in the house. and-:otherwise injured.
In an adjoining housa lay another SOD, dangercuz-
Sy wounded irt the breast and throat by a charge
of shot: -Dv Herr entertains strong hopes of his
recovery. Patrick Melad y , quite an elderly man,
lay in the same househotoribly cat in the face and
bruised, but probably, roe demgmensly,„ Many
others were hurt, hut. not dangerously. No ar
rests had been•madel
' -Minutia(Tay flit - two Viletiihruen '4'ere ar
rested. lin Jersereity for 'parsing counterfeit $lO
bills upon' thalionesdale>Bank of Pennsylvania,
and committed-fir. trial. When the matter was
investigated . ' by the recorder, The Freactireen as
serted that theykall received the money from the
captain of a sloop for' wages. They were, how
ever, committed for trialiaporithe AfEclasits - of the
men unashoixi , thei passed the , "money' in pay
ment f or articles pnrobasQ. Saturday morning
lfra- exptiaw of , veaneta appeired -before the re
corder, and stated that they, too, had been paid is
the saps meetly , men,for ;whom they bad teen
frideithig - and that they luubpahl their men with
the same - gills. The, money, they said, bad, been
paid them at Bonndbrook. ' "A gentleman who
knows all the parties ltis- taken the mailer in
hand, and will endeavor to procure bail fo'r the
imprisoned men.
The Supreme Court of Mexico has just de
aided a ease which has-been pending before the ,
trThenale of that country for_tientral years, in
`which i imither of Americans huptisoned in 31ex
leo were cemperned. - The Arvlciet%e, it will be re
meinheraterere' engaged In what ,wne known as
Iberia 'Pas expedition. but' were by the
dioxides euthontles as filibestenc iusd ardent into
prison,trom which they were, after a long deten
tion' released, through the efforts of Ifr. Forsy th .
the American minister. This timakan, - bolionng
the arrest to be illegal, eauiad the nutter before
the Sapreme Court of Alesdem, end that. tribunal latelynnanimouslj decided that the expedition
WIN not piratical, as the MCII6IIII sathanties al
leged, and therefore the man will be entitled to
indemnity for their Imprisonment. '
The Baltimore papers give 'the following
extracts from the will of the late John Johns, who
died at his farm, ors Long Ore em-Baltimore county,
a few days since : Merytand Colon/anthem Society,
51,000, and an annuity of $34. To the Protestant
Episcopal Theological SeminerY end High School
of Virginia, 115,000; _To the Seminary of the Pro
testant Ep is c o pal Church, Wooten of Ohio, $13,000.
To the American Bible -Boctety, $lO,OOO. To the
American Treat Society, slo,ooo_ . To the Protest
ant Evangelical Society for theYsomotion oiEvan
golical KnoWledgotri New York, $lO,OOO. lb the
Rev- H. V. D. Johns, of this city, his splendid
farm, stock, and everything just as when he died.
Also, all the remainder elm large estate, after
willing his two sisters an annuity of $367 daring
their
.' On New Year's eve - ottr - Canadian neigh
borh says one of - oar ezehanipmyhale a custom of
b°N"‘ th" 1 5 . 1 .1 ,0" olelghs, and going from
door to door limas a song of charity. made for
the oeeasion; - aiad receiving mob artiehts of food as
aro tendered cheat.' They. persevere until their
sleighs are fult, and on New Year morning they
distribute it to the needy. - - Another beautiful
custom of theirs is, the assembling Of the different
members of the family on the morning Of New
Year day to receive the paternal bleerings. Often
this occurs before day•break. The ohildren, when
assembled, kneel, when the aged sire kisses each,
and then pronounces his bene dic tion—after which
they partake of hreakfait together, and then go
forth to celebrate the day. '
The Reading (Pa.) Preas states that con
siderable exalter:tont prevails in the tiller end of
Berki county, originating in the finding of a hat
on the top of the - Blue Mountain, between Reh
rersburg and Plasm's, a few days a_go. The hat
is nearly now , and was made by Brobst, of the
former town. It is broken or eat a few 'inches
above the rim, as if by an axe or blow from some
heavy instrument, ead,_ there are also stains upon
it, whieb - the - physicians who have examined it
prlMOnbeet to be blood. It was found in the brush,
tarty pacei from the road. On Sunday last, bodies
of chinos from Rehrersbarg, hißlersbarg, and
Bethel township, started for the mountain to
search and to unravel the mystery.
The Trenton (N. J.) State Gazette relates
the fellewing strange toineider.ee: Two broihwe 2
Horatio 0. and John W. Suess, wore both indicted
at the September term in Warren county . , for the
same offence, (assault and battery with latest to
kill.) Horatio yeas tried at the same term, found
guilty, nod sentenced for two and a half years to
the penitentiary. John's case was laid over to the
December term, when he *as tried, found guilty,
end sent for a like term of twoyears and a half to
the penitentiary. The assaults were committed on
different pelains.
The New Orleans Picayune, of the 30th alt.: ,
learns from a gentleman who has jest returned
from Mississippi, that Stephen Platt, a laboring
man from the State of New York, was cruelly mur
dered on the highway, in the suburbs of Liberty,
Miss., on Saturday night last. The tcpof his head
had been completely cat MT with an axe. Two or
three negroes bad been arrested on suspicion of
the murder. When found in the morning his
pockets bad bees turned inside, elt.
The lipshur (Texas) Democrat says eahoot
ing affray occurred the other day, four miles from
Mount Pleasant, Titus canny. Full portkulsrs
are not given, but it scenic that James Ri 14011
shot James Kendriok, while on horseback, in the
bock and thmugh the heal ; after ho fell be snap
ped a cap at him. Ile expired instantly. Riddell
made his escape. Kendrick leaves a widow and
family. An old fondly grudge was the occasion of
the sad occurrence
Mr. Henry Belknap, arrived at St. Louis
from the Plains, states that there has been sumo
hard fighting on the Plains the past fan and sum
mer, between the different tribes of Indians ; and
eighty lodges of the Crows had been nearly exter
minated by the Atinnecanjon (Siena) tribe in one
battle. A white man by the name of Willi im
Leclerc had been killed by theTanctonnsir. The
other tribes of Indians were quiet.
The steamer " Hibernia," Capt. Cooke, was
totally destroyed by fire, at Beech Bottom, near
Wellsburg, Ye., at 10 o'clock, on Thursday night
The fire is said to have originated in the cook
house, and the upper works were in flames beforo
the boat could be run ashore. The few passengers
on board, with the crew, had barely time to
escape with their lives. The boat was nearly
new, and will be a total lots.
A Boston (Mass.) paper says a gentleman
who has spent the last two months In the West,
writes from Illinois ip terms by no means encour
aging. He says that grain is plenty, but in no de
mand. Wheat at 40 tents, and corn at 20 cents a
bushel, here no bnyent. The farmers cannot raise
money enough to pay their debts, and almost every
day somebody's farm is put under the sheriff's
hammer.
There are now frozen up in the harbor of
Chicago, Illinois, no less than 217 vessels. vie:
83 steamers and propellers, 21 barques, 38 brigs,
and 123 schooners. A proportionate number of
vessels have gone into winter quarters at other
lake porta. The ice at Chicago, on Friday, was
only about an inch in thickness, yet sullisient to
put a atop to navigation
Wednesday next has been fixed upon by
the Board of Directors of the Gettysburg (Pa.‘
Railroad Company for a formal opening of the
road for business, front Oxford to Hanover. On
and after that time passenger trains will run over
the road regularly. The train will leave Oxford
on that day about noon.
At a late meeting of the directors of the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, that body settle.
rlevd the president orl the road to offer a_roward of
81,000 for the detection and conviction of any per
son or persons who shall hereafter place cbstruc.
dons on the track, or in any way interfere with
the running arrangements of the road.
Resolutions were introduced into both
branches of the Virginia Legislature on Monday,
condemning the arrest of General Walker and his
men by Commodore Paulding. The resolution
(says the Richmond 11 - dig) will come up for con
sideration in a day op two.
The United States inspectora of steamboats
at New York have given George . E. Ashby, -late
thief engineer of the Central America, a certificate
exonerating him from all blame in the loss of that
steamship. lie is, therefore , declared qualified to
resume his protession•
William Prat!, Jr., of Batzville, Warren
county, N. J., was returning home In a carriage
with his family on the evening of the let instant,
when meeting an empty coal train hishorse became
unmanageable and &slim% him against the last
passing car, killing hire Instantly.
Peter Kennedy was drowned from a down
ward bound steamer, near Coalport, Ohio, on Sa
turday last. His friends are resident in the neigh
borhood of Pittsburgh, where he has left a wife
and two or three children.
The light-vessels at Hooper's straits and
Jane's island, Chesapeake bay, upper and lower
Cedar points, Potomao river, and Bowler's rock,
Rappahannock river, have been withdrawn from
their stations for the winter.
Hon. David Stewart, a prominent member
of the Baltimore bar, and for a short term United
States Senator from Maryland, died a few days
since.
• •• - •
Alexander Fadden and John Bloomfield,
both old and respectable citizens of Wheeling, Va ,
are dead.
. .
The inauguration of the equestrian statue of
Yashlngt , n, at Richmond, Va., will take place on
ho 22d of February.
John McCoy, a carter, was killed a few dal a
sit cc, nest' the Relay House, Baltimore caut.ty.
lie loaves a wife and four children.
John B. McPherson, Esq., for the last forty
years cashier of the Bank of Gettysburg Ps.,
Melt ou
Francis Rennings died suddenly in Balti
wore on Tuesday: lie leaves a wife, who reAtlc-t
in New York.
A monument in honor of General Harr:-
eon ia to bo ereciei in Will
••• . .
Dr. 'Washington R. Randy died in Falti
mops pn Tuesday,