AUSTRALIA.
Interesting Pacts Abont the World' Orent.
eat Island
Of the entire area of Australia, which
is very little lees thau that of the whole
of Europe, about one-fifth, or half a
million square miles, in the middle, is a
barren wilderness, which can only be
explored at the cost of frightful hard
Bhips and at the risk of life itself. In
the southern portion of this desert there
are dotted, here and there, hills of soft,
White, yielding sand, thickly clad with
spinifex, scrub oak and other low shrubr,
with an occasional group of eucalyptus
trees ; but in its northern part not even
this mean vegetation appears, aud the
sandhills are bare. The fierce rays of
the sun in summer often set the parched
foliage of the wilderness in a blaze, and
devastating fires prevail, which give riso
to hot winds that render oppressive the
outlying settlements,
Australia has none of the great moun
tain chains and mighty rivers to which
we are acoustomed on this continent.
Its highest range of hills is the Warra
gong, or Blue mountains, which attain a
height of 7,000 feet above the sea level.
There are no great inlets except the
Gulf of Carpentaria, on the north coast,
but the harbors of Sydney and Tort
Darwin are as useful and grand as any
iu the world, not omitting Kio Janeiro,
Constantinople, Hong Kong or dan
Francisco. The enormous expanse of
country is; almost entirely level, giving
indications that it was once the bed of
the ocean. There a;e many salt marshes
and lagoons iu the center aud west, and
in the east a few rivers which alternately
expose their dried beds to the baking
rajs of the sun and overflow their banks.
The largest navigable river in east Aus
tralia is the Murray. Long and severe
droughts sometimes prevail. In 1865
there was no rainfall in central or south
Australia, and cattle and sheep died by
thousands daily.
From a paper rehd before the Geo
graphical society of New York, by Mr.
Jess Young, who was the astronomer of
the Giles expedition, sent ont in 1874 to
explore the interior of the island conti
nent, we get many interesting facts re
garding Australia, which are here given
without much regard to connection.
So dry is the soil and climate in the
interior, so little variation is there, that
Mr. Young often left delicate instru
ments uncovered in the open air over
night, and never found on them the
slightest particle of rust from dew or
other moisture. Great eucalyptus trees
are one of the features of the more
favored parts of Australia. Some of
them ore of enormous growth, 350 to
400 feet high, and one specimen in the
Wnrragcmg range, which is lying on the
ground, measures 420 feet in height, or
rather length. A peculiarity about the
trees is that they begin to die at the top
aud die downward, and that they usually
shoot the b.irk instead of the leaves.
There is an absence of edible fruits,
except a f jw bemes and some small in
digenous peaches. The scrub, of which
wo have spoken, is generally a species of
eucalyptus, and it covers fully one-fifth
of the whole colony. The monotony of
travelirg through it can only be under
stood by experience. "For days and
weeks and months you may be in it
without seeing twenty yards in any
direction. It is in this scrub that so
maDy lives have been lost from time to
time." The kangaroo affords sport and
food for the natives and for the hunts
man among the colonists, and the tail of
the animal, as is well known, makes an
excellent soup. The Australian bear
has scarcely energy enough to move.
Insects are wonderfully proline, mos
quitoes and flies being particularly
abundant. "The native children are
sometimes hardly recognizable, so com
pletely are they covered with flies, filling
their eyes, noses and mouths." Spiders
are very common, as also are ants, the
tarantula being the most formidable of
the former aud the bull dog ant the
worst species of the latter. These ants
are an inch or more in height and about
two inches long. They all fight fiercely,
and their sting is not to be desired. The
fish are whales, seals, sharks, codfish,
snappers, mullet, and hosts of others
not found iu any other part of the
world. There are no ruminating ani
mals, no pachydermata, and no enrni.
vora, except the native dog or dingo.
Australia, however, is distinguished by
the great majority of marsuphial or
pouched onimuls, of which there are
now few traces in any other part of the
world. The birds of Australia are the
emu, resembling an ostrich, and the
more common varieties.
Of the natives of Australia, who are
rapidly approaching extinction, Mr.
Young gives a far more fuvorable report
than those we are accustomed to get. As
the result of his observations, he de
clares that ' tho Australian black is not
naturally so depraved as many other
races better cared for and better known. "
He has never found any traces of can
nibal habits among them, and none of
torture or of scalping. "Any native
whom I asked has scouted the idea with
disgust, and I have seen their graves
and heard them bury their dead." They
are treacherous, as are all uncivilized
races, but they are not bloodthirsty.
They have little or no religion, though
they believe the spirit is immortal.
They also fancy that the dead will some
times return in another shape, hence
they carry a dead body round and round
the grave at some distance, in order to
puzzle the deceased as to his where
abouts. They are also in abject terror
of an evil spirit, called Chinchi. There
seems to be no government among them,
but when anything is in dispute it is re
ferred to one or two of the oldest men
for arbitration. The celebrated boom
erang, bo well known as one of their
favorite weapons, is a curved piece of
thin wood, which, by means of a com
bination of forces, can be thrown with
great dexterity, making the most curious
evolutions, and puzzling any one stand
ing near as to where it is going to stop.
It is unsafe to seek shelter behind a
tree, for one may be taken in the rear
or on the flank.
The continent of Anstrajia, as Mr.
Young likes to call the great island, is
divided into five colonies. The largest
is Western Australia, with Perth for its
capital. Queensland ranks next in size.
and has Brisbane for its capital, ThenJ
comes new ooutn waies, witn Sydney
for its capital, and, last, Victoria.
Victoria is situated in the most south
easterly portion of the continent, end its
most southern headlands enter the tem
perate climate of the fortieth parallel.
The mean temperature of Melbourne is
fifty-eight degrees eight minutes, which
is eight degrees higher than that of
London. This is now the richest, most
prosperous, and most thiokly populated
, of the colonies, though New South
Wales is steadily gaining on it. Vic
toria is best known to the world, for it
owes its wonderful success to the gold
discoveries of 1851, which, in the year
1852 alone, amounted to $70,000,000.
New South Wales and Victoria are the
largest gold-preducing colonies, though
each of the others add something to the
enormous general yield. But, as in
California, the cultivation of tho earth
and the growing of flocks and herds add
more to the oomfort aud wealth of the
peuple than the digging after precious
metal,
Tower of the Cyclone.
A writer in the New York Sun says :
The accounts in the daily papers of the
recent death-dealing cyclone which vis
ited Wallingford, Conn., state as jooosely
as the sad surroundings will warrant,
that some of the people there insist that
the wind blew the horns off a cow. A
plenty of people living in the interior
of Florida to-day will describe to your
readers cyclones which have token the
bark from the tree in their course. Be
this so or not, I have examined the
tracks of tornadoes' there, varying from
three to one hundred yards in width,
that would make the eyes of " Old Indi
cations" open wide with wonderment.
But I know of an instance where every
leaf and the entiie bark ware taken from
a tree in full vigor of growth, and at
least ten inches in diameter at the butt.
This occurrence was during the month
of July, 18G9, in Georgetown county,
South Carolina, and can be substantiated
by more than a score of prominent and
reliable residents of that county who
visited the scene soon after it transpired.
It remains to this day a mooted question
whether the violence of the wind or
some electrical power performed the
wonderful feat.
The exact location of the remarkable
event here described is about fourteen
miles back from the village of George
town, the county seat, at the head of
Winyaw bay, which is fifteen miles in
land from the outer bar of the harbor.
This cyclone was about one hundred
and fifty feet in width only. It laid flat
in the twinkling of an eye scores of huge
live oaks, which for more than a century
had withstood all other storms, and
shaded the long avenue leading up to
the plantation houso of Dr. Fishburne.
It jumped over the houBe, and sweeping
down among the huts of tho bauds,
demolished them and killed a number,
as also several head of live stock. It
then shot out across the broad acres of
the plantation, with nothing to obstruct
its course until it reached the single
hickory tree before mentioned, which
stood near the center of the field. The
bark was entirely taken from this tree,
even to the end of the smallest twig,
without breaking any of its. branches.
I visited it the afternoon of the occur
rence, and can vouch for the phenome
non. The superstitious hands looked
upon the occurrence as a visitation of
the Almighty, and the number of genial
old planters in that vicinity was not small
who believed the gyrating wind twisted
the bark off. Others believed that it
was done by electricity, and cited the
fact that the twigs and branches were
not broken to substantiate their theory.
The color of the wood was loft in its nat
ural state, and without stain of any kind.
A Sew Swindle Scheme.
A new trick has been developed in
Clarion county, Pa. The trick at its
first playing paid, and will doubtless be
played as loug as it will pay in other
parts of the country. It may, therefore,
pay somebody to read this paragraph.
Goodman is a notion peddler, who had
become acquainted with a thriving farm
er named Logue. The peddler told the
farmer that he had dreamed of a treasure
on his farm, and asked tho farmer to go
with him while he identified the spot.
The dreamer did not wish to trespass,
and the farmer humored the whim and
went. Rambling in a woodland, Good
man saw an oak which answered the
appearance of a tree in his vision.
There was a hole in the tree about twenty
feet np. It was the hole containing the
treasure of the vision. Neither man
could climb the tree to inspect the hole.
Goodman asked the farmer to help him
out the tree down, promising to give him
half the "find." The farmer reluct
antly consented to the arrangement, and
the tree was felled. When it fell there
was a jingle of coins out of the hole.
The tree bore $5,000 in silver by actual
count Goodman did not want to carry
his half in silveron account of its weight.
The farmer paid him $2,500 in green
backs for his share, and took charge of
the coin. The farmer cannot pass a
dollar of the money no good and the
peddler aud his pack are gene from the
neighborhood.
Entries on Public Lauds.
A table has been prepared at the
General Land Office, in Washington,
showing the number of entries upon the
publio lands made in each State end
Territory, under the Homestead and
Timber-Culture acts, since the passage
of the original Homestead act, May 20,
1862, to June 80, 1878. The aggregate
number of entries in each year were as
follows: 1863,13,356; 1864, 7,921; 1865,
12,968; I860, 15,973; 1867, 19,369; 1868,
23,542; 1869, 3,054; 1870, 34,443; 1871,
42,694; 1872,33,514; 1873,34,670; 1874,
25,179; 1875, 22,230; 1876, 21,886; 1877,
23,036; 1878, 24,013; total, 384,847. The
figures for 1878 include only half the
year, from January 1, to June 80, inclu
sive. By States the entries were as fol
lows: Alabama, 19,222; Arkansas, 33,
660; Arizona, 147; California, 17,146,
Colorado, 5,493; Dakota, 15,513; Flori
da, 12,623; Indiana, 19; Illinois, 63;
Iowa, 13,796; Idaho, 1,161; Kansas, 61,
034; Louisiana, 7,438; Missouri, 23,327;
Michigan, 22,821; Minnesota, 51,575;
Mississippi, 9,596; Montana, 1,160; Ne
vada, 632; New Mexioo, 319; Nebraska,
47,962; Ohio, 167; Oregon, 8,025; Utah,
3,275; Wisconsin, 21,437; Washington,
6,473; Wyoming, 164; total, 884,848.
The Olive as an American Product.
The olive has been successfully grown
in California and in South Carolina.
General A. O. Jones, of the Department
of Agriculture, after a careful investiga
tion of the matter, is confident that thore
is no good reason why olive culture
should not bo profitably added to the
list of our industries. The forthcoming
annual report of the department contains
a paper, in which is given a large
amonat of information with regard to the
soils and climates most favorable to
these trees, and the inducements they
offer to the cultivator. In full bearing,
the olive tree yields from two to three
bushels of fruit, producing from fifteen
to twenty pounds of oil. An acre of
land, properly planted, should oontain
about 100 trees, and grass or other crops
may be cultivated between the trees to
advantage. Throughout the Mediterra
nean region the olive is an important
source of industrial wealth; and since in
many parts, the climate of oar country
is not unfriendly to the tree, its culture
may prove a great and valuable addition
to our resources. San Franeiaco Bul
letin. It is not generally known that the
Chinese make very fine razors, and that
for a long period no European shaving
knife could compare with theirs in keen
ness and durability. A. fine edge is a
necessity with them, since they regularly
shave their heads carefully omitting
the pigtail without using soap p any
other emollient. They only moisten the
bvxmji mm JHM? WBtW WKWi
FAKM, GARDEN AND HOUSEHOLD.
Inarrhlna.
This method of increasing plants or
trees that are difflonlt of propagation
we seldom see mentioned in the books
or papers, and it is to be presumed that
it is because of the difficulties in the way
of using it, that so little attention is
given it, and yet for some kinds of trees
this method is the most available way to
seonre additional trees, especially with
such os have a very hard or dry bark,
end cannot easily be budded or grafted.
The beech and oak are of this class,
but the pear and apple can be worked
very easily by this process, where it is
desirable to increase a choice variety,
and a gain of one season's growth can be
secured (when it is too late to graft) over
the simple budding process.
Inarching is nothing more than the
simple bringing of two growing twigs
of the same size together, shaving each
one half thrcngh on one side, and then
fitting the cut parts together with the
barks of both to join, and then securing
them in position by ligatures until the
parts are firmly united. Tho limb is
then detached from the parent tree, and
forms the top of the other, the rest of
its branches having been removed. The
principal care required is in removing
this tying material in time and not al
lowing it to cut too deeply into the
growing limb. Twigs of the same sea
son's growth, while growing rapidly,
can be made to form a perfect nnion in
a few weeks, and the ligature may have
to be loosened in one week.
To be successful it requires that both
trees be in vigorous growth, and the
stock on which it is proposed to fcrm a
a new head will have to be planted care
fully, within reach of the limb, by which
it may be worked at the proper season,
and then it can be cut loose and re
moved the following fall, after growth
has ceased; This may be practised on
trees already growing near together, or
when a new top is to be put on a small
tree by grafting. If a few fail to take,
and other limbs are desired, the sprouts
can be worked from the growing gratis
by bending them together, and thus a
symmetrical head can be at once formed
instead of waiting for another year.
This is work for the amateur or gardener,
and, as has been remarked, requires
attention at several times and cannot be
well done where the work is out of reach
from the ground, or where limbs far
apart will be severely shaken by the
wind, and liable to break off where tied.
It is not desirable to do this work
much before midsummer, and no union
takes place until the new layer of wood
is deposited, in the case of shoots of pre
vious season's growth. A little obser
vation will show that last season's twigs
do not increase in diameter until after
or about midsummer, even though sev
eral foet of new growth have been added
to their length. The new growth or an
nual layer, is then all deposited in a short
time, when growth for the season ceases.
Whether this new wood is deposited
from the bark or thrown ont from the
wood below, has been a point in con
troversy, but observation seems to have
established the latter as the correct
theory. Tho bark may be removed
from the trunk of an apple or pear tree
at any time during the longest days of
the year without apparent injury to the
tree. I have seen pear trees that were
apparently on the decline and had
rough, scaly bark, started into new
growth and health by simply removiug
all the bark carefully (without scraping
the wood) from the trunk the latter part
of June. The now bark is left undis
turbed, adhering to the trunk, and it
thickens up in a short time and takes
tuo place of that removed. Home trees
continue this growth much later in the
season than others, and a knowledge of
their peculiarities is of great importance
to every one who attempts to propagate
them. Cor. Country Gentleman.
Prepnrln Block tor Exhibition,
1. Begin to feed animals for show as
young as it will eat. A calf should be
pushed from four weeks old with plenty
of milk and such solid food as it will
eat. That is the time to begin never
quit.
2. Feed anything that they will eat,
the best that is ordinarily given to
such stock, and in such quantities as
they want, being careful always that
they clean up their troughs.
3. I never found it advisable to feed
oftener than three times a day have
tried sucKiing calves turee times, and
feeding the grown cattle five or even six
times, but they will do no better than
three times; and I have had good suc
cess sometimes in feeding twice, buc
that requires experience.
Iu general, I will say that an adept
will soon learn tne thousand details that
mase up the whole, if he has his eyes
and ears about him and wants to learn.
When he goes off to the fairs let) him
notice particularly bow everybody else
does their work, especially those who
take of the prizes. An occasional ques
tion, without being too inqu sitive, will
bring out one piece o information, and
adapting it to his own use, he may see
something better. This is. an art that
must be studied, practiced and picked
up. An industrious man with a taste
for such things will learn more to do all,
or a great part of the work, himself,
than in any other way. Exchange.
An American Empress.
There was a handsome woman got on
the train last Friday. Tall, stately
queenly, when she stepped into the car
she looked down in speechless amaze
ment, as though horror stricken not to
feel the finest Axminster under her feet.
Then she dusted the seat with a lace
handkerchief and sat bolt upright. She
surveyed the seat of the passengers into
a haucrhtv stare that betokened centle
birth and superior breeding, and iu her
Eresence we all felt abashed and
umbled. She wore a gold chain abont
three yards long around her neck, and
Bhe held her ticket by the tips of her
white fingers as though it was contam
ination, and the awed conductor stood
on the farther side of the aisle and took
it from her with his punch. Nobody
spoke save in whispers, so depressing
was her lofty, superior silence.
Presently the goddess spoke. The
brakeman was tip-toeing through the
car. The empress turned her white
face toward his retreating figure, and
shouted after him :
" Sa7 yu ' Ain't we gittin party
nigh on to North wood?"
The spell was broken. Badly broken.
A regular compound fracture. Smash
ed all to pieces, in fact. Burdette, in
Hawkey e.
" Barns trotted a neat at Buffalo in
2:13 the fastest time on record." A
small Albany boy read the dispatch, and
then, after reflecting a moment, re
marked, as he laid down the paper: " I
kinder wish Jim Jones and me cad been
timed Saturday as we made tracks from
that orohard on the Shaker road. I'll
bet the farmer that chased as will say
that we made a mile in a good deal less
than 2:13, and the road was bad in
places at that Jee-hokey, how we did
NATURE M4DE A BOSD SLAVE.
Interesting Description of a Model French
ttnrm.
A Paris correspondent gives an in
teresting account of a model farm, situ
ated about twenty miles from the French
metropolis. The farm is about 15,000
acres in size, and has.the river Seine on
one side and a railroad on the other.
Paul Decanville, the eldest son of the
first proprietor, is the present manager
of the farm, but he will soon have the
assistance of his three brothers, who are
now preparing themselves for their work
at the Polyteohciqne, Ecole Centrale,
and Eoole des Mines. Connected with
the farm is a model village of more than
fifty houses, with co-operative stores,
for the agricultural employees. The
land is situated on an extensive plateau,
and is therefore especially suitable to
the style of farming pursued by the late
proprietor, M. Arniand Decanville. The
land being high, with insufficient natural
water supply in many seasons, M. De
canville erected pumping works on a
large scale, and laid a network of pipes
for artificial irrigation all over the prop
erty. The height of the plateau above
the river enabled him to drain off quick
ly any surplus rainfall, while any de
ficiency was easily made good by his
pumping works. He also took advan
tage of every improvement in machinery,
introducing English and American in
ventions whenever he could thereby
economize labor.
The estate is divided into four sepa
rate departments. The first includes the
f arrawork proper, the animals, dairy and
implements; the second consists of the
beet sugar manufactory, tho pumping
works and the gas works; the third
is devoted to the quarry, which is,
nevertheless, one of the most pro
fitable of the four, sinoe a line
quality of grindstones and millstones
is produced; the fourth includes the
forges, repair shops, and the manufac
tory of freight tram cars, of which a
great many are used ou the farm and
also sold outside. The manager's office
communicates by telegraph with tho
quar.ers of each department overseer,
and other wires are run to different
points on the farm from the sub-offices.
Since the invention of the telephone M.
Paul Decanville has discussed the desira
bility of increasing the number of points
of telegraphic communication, and it is
probable that telephones will be placed
in every field, so that instant commu
nication can be had with the laborers.
Heretofore a system of signals has been
iu use, but it will doubtless be super
seded by the telephone. The beet sugar
distillery was one of the first erected in
France, and it has proved remarkably
successful. At the present time a very
large portion of the farm is devoted to
beet cultivation. Hops are also grown
extensively and with unusual success.
Indeed, it would be difficult for any crop
to be a failure. The earth is never
allowed to rest. It is never fallow,
except for a short period after harvest,
when it is used for pasture. The steam
ploughs are always at it. No portion is
left waste. There are no fences, no un
cultivated nooks. It is divided only by
occasional drainage ditches, and the
crops grow close np to the edges. As
soon as one crop has beeu harvested and
conveyed by the trim cars to the barns
preparations are made for another.
Fertilizers are thoroughly spread and
turned under. Other machines break
the ground and prepare it for new sesd,
and before Mother Earth can feel that
one weight has been lifted from her
bosom, she is threatened with another.
Everything is done systematically and
rapidly, yet without haste. Every crop
is treated by itself in such a way that
there is little or nothing loft to chance.
If hay is to be cut, it is all done in one
day, when the prospect is fine. If rain
is threatened, an army of workers rapid
ly places every straw nnder waterproof
covers, and no harm is done. Again it
is as rapildy spread and allowed to cure.
Then, before any injury can happen to
it, it is loaded up, run off to the weigh
yard, baled, strapped and stored, or
else immediately sent to be sold, ac
cording to the state of the market. If
nightfall seems likely to interfere with
the proper gathering of any crop, eleo
trio lanterns are so placed as to light up
the field, and tue work goes steadily on.
Nature is made a bond slave. If she
smiles on the farmer's labors, she is
allowed to do so without interference;
but if she attempts to overturn his cal
dilations by any of the usual methods
by which she damages crops storms,
drought, rain etc. she is made to stand
asido while artificial aid is given to
them. Is it too dry? Open the irrica
tion pipes, and sprinkle all the land with
refreshing showers morning and even
ing. Is it too wet ? Open the drains
and hasten off the surplus water.
In an elegantly -kept park, surrounded
by flower gardens, stands the family
house, it is only one story in height,
and covers a great deal oi ground.
There is no questioning the good taste
of the occupants, while comfort is
apparent in every part, there is no lack
of tasteful ornamentation. There is
luxury without profusion, aud elegance
without waste. Mme. Decanville is said
to be a lady of fine education and accom
plishments, and her house shows her to
be of a refiued nature. It is comfort
able without being slipshod, stylish
without being stiff. In the large hall.
and in fact all around the house, are
numbers of birds. The gardens are
miracles of beauty. And yet the mistress
is no idler lor all her aesthetic tastes, bhe
is the manager of the household, as her
husband is the manager of the estate; and
from all accounts she is no less success
ful She attends to all the household
accounts, superintends the household
work, and directs the management of
the gardens and poultry yard. She has
a large force of servants, both male and
female, solely nnder her control, and I
understand that the profits of the poul
try yard are all oeded to her pin money.
A Royal Silver Wedding.
The recent celebration of the silver
wedding of the king and queen of the
Jieigians was made tne occasion oi a
general holiday among their subjects.
Brussels was deooratedwith flags and
flowers, and numerous receptions were
made at the palace. The queen was
E resented with a golden crown sot with
rilliauts aud a splendid veil of Belgian
lace by Madame Anspaoh, the wife of
the burgomaster of Brussels, in the
name of the women of Belgium. The
queen acknowledged the gift in appro
priate terms, and said the demonstra
tion would be the most precious sou
venir of her life. The king received I
magnificent silver covered oup, with
handle, sent him by the Prince of Wales.
The oup is elaborately chased, and on
the front of it is this inscription: "Leo
pold II., King of the Belgians, on his
silver wedding. From his most affeo
tionate cousin, Albert Edward, Prince of
waies, Aug. 22, 1878."
The star Aroturus moves through
space who a velocity of not less than
uuj-iour mues a eeoona.
ARTIFICIAL. ICE
An Anpnrntns Which Will Tarn Ont Thirty
Ton of Clear Ice In a, Dot-How It I
Done.
The Ice factory recently opened in
West Eleventh street was visited by a
Herald reporter, and it proved to be an
object of mnoh interest. The ioe, pro
duced in blocks of about nve hundred
pounds each, measuring four feet square
and nine inches thick, was so clear that
the hour oould plainly be told on a watch
dial through the entire thickness of the
block. Printed bills and bottles of
champagne were frozen tight in the ice.
The bills were read with the greatest
ease through the Bide of the block in
which they had been embedded. A ther
mometer embedded with Fahrenheit's
scale was frozen into the block at a point
marking nineteen degrees below the
freezing point.
The ioe sreneratinar apparatus ia run
in the present instance, by a steam en
gine of twenty horse power. On the
right hand of the engine is the refrigera
tor, a copper tubular vessel, enclosed in
a wooden box about six or seven feet
square. The refrigerator is charged
with liquid ether, evaporated, when re
required, by a vacuum pump, which
stands on the left of the engine and is
conneoted by copper tubes with the
refrigerator. The ether is drawn away
in the form of vapor and passed into a
copper tubular condenser, where, nnder
low degree of pressure, aided by a
stream of water, it is again brought back
to its original state and returns through
the ether cooler into the meter, whioh
regulates the flow of the liquid ether
into the refrigerator. The same ether
is used contiguously with inappreciable
loss. To utilize the cold produced by
tho ethor a strong, nncongealable brine
circulated by a machine called tiie
brine pump through the tubes of the re
frigerator, parting with its heat to the
ether vapor on its passage. Thus it
leaves that vessel at a temperature many
degrees below the freezing point and is
then used m the freezing tanks, return
ing afterward to the machine to be re
cooled, tor the manufacture of ice
blocks the machine is furnished with
large woopen tanks (placed at the left of
the vacuum pump) of any convenient
dimensions, which tanks are rilled with
the fresh water to be frozen. In the
tanks a number of hollow metal cells are
fitted r.nd so connected with tho refriger
ator aud with each other that the cold,
leaving the refrigerator at a temperature
of from fourteen to twenty degrees
Fahrenheit, is continually circulated in
side them, thus causing the water in the
tanks, ou each side, to congeal until the
required thickness of ice has been ob
tained by the process of successive
layers, but done as closely and compact
ly as nature performs her admirable
work in winter on the lakes and ponds.
When the blocks aro frozen solid the
cold brine is pumped out of the cells and
replaced by brine of the ordinary atmos
pherio temperature. The circulation of
this comparatively warm brine, for a
few minutes in the cells, loosens the ice
from then? sides and renders its removal
very easy. A knotted and looped rope is
frozen into the block, a hook is inserted
in the loop aud the block is hoisted
away. It is then carried by means of a
traveler in any convenient direction for
delivery at the door ot the factory.
It is claimed that this machine, which,
however novel here, has been in use for
about nine years in Eugland, con pro
duce thirty tous of ice daily at a cost of
one dollar a ton. it requires an en
gineer, two firemen and two laborers to
work it. It will cost, however, from
$75,000 to $100,000 to put it in running
order, so that the invention could only
be made available to corporations or pri
vate individuals commanding a consider
able amount of capital. Neto York
Herald.
Morocco at the Paris Exposition.
The court of Morocco has an inde
scribable air of romance about it. writes
an American correspondent in Paris. It
is hung with mats and scrafs of gay,
warm colors, and displays an endless
variety of attractive knickkaacks. deli'
cately embroidered silk kerohiefs, cigar
and cigarette cases and holders, bril
liantly illuminated bracelets and neck
laces made oi an aromatio composition,
fantastically embroidered slippers, deli'
cate pastilles, and an astonishing varintv
of gilt and tinsel ornaments. Everything
seems to send forth the most delicious
odor. The air is heavy with eastern
perfumes and spices. Olive wood, sou
venir s in the shape of canes, paper cut
ters, paper weights and sleeve buttons,
are spread temptingly before you,
Strange looking musical instruments.
war trumpets, balafans (a very primitive
sort of piano), spears, guns and queer
looking dirks and battle-axes appear.
Then the tall, handsome Moors, with
liquid eyes and languishing manners.
looking like the stage Othellos, in their
picturesque red tarbonehes and flowing
many-coiored robes ; standing in the
tent and around the courts, add greatly
to the romantio scene.
One of these dark-eyed attendants
Drought tor our inspection a box full of
pretty rings. And while he was telling
Mistress Jack about his country and
enlisting her sympathies for his king,
wuo, he said, was very ill, he managed
to persuade her that the rings were the
prettiest and the cheapest in the Exposi
tion. These apparently sleepy Orientals
are in reality quick-witted tradesmen,
and keep up a very lively traffio with
their small wares. They never cease to
praise tne beauty and taste of the Amer
ican women, and the generositv of the
men. JNext to the Americans, they say
the English buy most : the French and
Germans " look a loni? while but don't
buy anything."
Bosnian Women.
Bosnia is one of the most valuable
provinces of Turkey. The population
originally of the same Slavic stork, is
divided only by differences of religion,
They are a hardy, martial race, self-re
liant, accustomed to vicissitudes of life.
and prepared for evnry emergency. The
women are almost as mascunue as the
men. They have strongly marked phy
siognomies, are athletio in form, bold
and intrepid in bearing, and of the
mould from whioh heroio races are east
Their beauty is of the sternest type, and
vet it ia commanding and attractive.
The complexion is fair and free from
blemishes, the eyes large ana lustrous,
and the countenance indicative of both
energy and good nature. When they
love, it is with an intensity that brooks
no control. When they give their
hearts, they expect hearts in return, and
woe be to him who deceives them. Bet
ter that he had never been born. He
becomes an object of hate to all her
family, and may be the cause oi a per
petuation of vendettas from generation
to generation. Often when yon can get
no other guides, a Bosnian woman will
accompany you on the way, and lead you
to your destination though the journey
oooupy several days. eware, nowever.
that you treat her with proper respeot,
or due win be. the consequences,
Sagacity of Chickens. '
The artfulness of common chickens is
illustrated by this fnnny story, pub
lished in Land and Water! In former
days it was difficult for visitors to get
anything to eat at John O Groats, the
extreme north of Scotland, there being
no butchers or bakers within miles.
When visitors arrived, it was the custom
of the proprietor of the little inn to
chise and catch a chicken, pluck and
roast him at onoe for the visitor's dinnor.
In course of time the chickens became
very artful. They kept a sharp look
out, and when they saw a carriage com
ing along the road they eonld see a
long way down the straight road from
the inn they bolted with all legs into
the heather, and did not reappear until
the visitors had eaten their bacon with
out the chicken and taken their depart
ure.
That birds learn from experience is
quite certain. The following fact proves
it : When the telegraph wires were first
put up between Berrydale and Hems
dale, the grouse were continually flying
against the wires and killing themselves,
and in one season the driver of the mail
cart picked up no less than forty brace
of grouse that had been so killed. Of
late years not a grouse has been found
killed by the telegraph wires. They
seemed to have passed on the warning
that telegraph wires were dangerous,
The casual invention of the saw came
about by the use of a jaw of a serpent
as a cutting instrument. It was fonnd
to work well, and was afterwards imita
ted in metal.
Enconrniretnent for the Feeble.
So long as the failing embers ot vitality are
capable of being re-kindled into a warm and
genial glow, )ust so long mere la nope for the
weak and emaciated invalid. Let him not,
therefore, despond, bnt derive encouragement
from this and from tho further fact that there
ie a restorative most potent in renewing the
dilapidated powers of a broken down system.
Yes, thanks to its unexampled tonio virtues,
uosteuer s etomacn liitters is daily reviving
strength in the bodies and hope in the minds
of tho feeble and nervous. Appetite, refresh
ing sleep, tht acquisition of flesh and color, are
blessings attendant upon the reparative pro
cesses which this priceless invigorant speedily
initiates and carries to a successful conclusion.
Digestion is restored, the blood fertilized and
sustcdauce afforded to each life-sustaining
organ by the Bittors, which is inoffensive even
to the fominino palate, vegetable in composi
tion, apo thorougnly safo. use it, ana regain
vigor.
Does the World Move f
Tbeltev. John Jasper, of Virginia, says, "De
sun do move, for in de mornin' it shines on dis
side ob de hous, whil in de ebenin, on dat side
ob de hous. Now, ef he don't move, bow com
he dar ?" Notwithstanding Mr. Jasper's logio
wo vot believe the world moves. When Mr.
Jasper's ideas constituted the popular belief,
people thought that to die of suiall-pox or
cholera was simply fnifilliug one of nature's
laws, now, tnrougu vaccination, smaii-pox is
averted, while cholera, cholera morbus, dyt-en-tory,
(flux), and diarrhoea are readily cured by
the use of Dr. Piorce's Compound Extract of
Smart Weed. Does not such evidence tend to
prove that "the world moves?" As an external
remedy for cuts, bruises, sprains, swellings,
bites and stings of insects, tho Compound Ex
tract of Smart Woed has no eqnal. Veterinary
surgeons have also employed it with marked
success.
From the Newburyport, Mass., Herald.
Grace's Salve Bhould be iu every family, for
thero is nothing of the kind exceeding it in
value. For Sdalds, Barns, Chapped Hands,
and Sores from Humors or otherwise, it is the
n'ost speedy onre known. We speak from facts
under our own observation.
For upwards of thirty years Mrs. WIN8LO W'B
HOOTEINGSYRDP has been nsod for children
with never-failing success. It orrects acidity
of the stomach, relieves wind colic, regulates
the bowels, cures dysentery ana aiarrnoea,
whether arming from toething or other causes,
An old aud well-tried remedy. 25 eta hnttln.
CHEW
The Celebrated
"SlATCnLF.88
Wood Tag Plug
Tobacco.
Thb Piokeeb Tobacco Compant,
New York, Boston, and Chioago.
TU fj-vta'.irffil Pnnulnrttv
Of Doolcy's Yeast Powder ia the best evidence
of its north. Whenever vou want a lieht. white.
sweet hisouit, delioiona pot-pie, elegant cake,
or a choice pudding, Dooley's Baking Powder
should be used. Perfeot purity and absolute
full weight are the watchwords of the manu
facturers. Dvsneutie Bvmotoms. low spirits, restlessness,
sleeplessness, confusion, sour stomach, pain in
the bowels, sick headache, variable appetite,
raising food, oppression at pit of stomach, low
fover and languor. Parsons' Purgative Pills
give immediate reUef and will ultimately cure
the disease.
FnlrbRnka Mcnles.
Numerous foreign governments, as Russia,
Cuba, Siam, Japan, etc, have adopted the
Fairbanks Standard Soales for government use,
and in the last four years only, our own govern
ment in the Post-Oihoe, War and Treasury
Departments, have bought over 11,000.
To oleanse and whiten the teeth, to sweeten
the breath, use Brown's Camphorated Sapona
ceous Dentifrice. Twenty-five oents a bottle
Tbe Markets.
w SOB.
Beef Cattle Native 08 9 09
Texas aud Cherokee. M 0 10
MllohOows 85 00 06 03
nous Live 04 ( 04 H
Dressod 05 C5H
Sheet) 09XM D4M
Lambs 06 06X
Cotton Middling UX& 117
Flour Western Good to Oholee... a 85 9 T VO
State Fair to Oholoe t as 9 5 00
Baokwheat, per cwt 1 95 ( 1 6J
Wheat Bed Western I 05 9 1 11
No. 1 HUwaukea 85 & 1 15
Bve State 51 81
Barley SUte, , 78
BarleyMalt...... ....... . ..... ...... 65
Buckwheat 80
Oats Mixed Western...... 18
Corn Mixed Western. 47
Hay, per cwt........................ 45
Btraw, per cwt....... 80
Hops Good to Prime 08
Fork Mess 11 00
Lard City Bttarc 07
Fish -Mackerel, No. 1, new 18 00
No. 1, new 11 00
Dry Ood, per cwt 4 17
Herring, 8 id. per box.... 18
74
90
80
81
(1
48
40
11
011 87
a 07
20 00
a la "
3 4 60
19
Petroleum Oro ...... MXHOSH Bsflned,
Wool Oaliforr aleece 90 9
l(l
Texas " 90 4
17
Austral lao " M. IB
SUte XX 18
Batter tttate...... 18
Western Oholee...... .... 14
Western dood U Prime.. 08
49X
84
1
93
01
08
Is)
Western Firkins 05Ma
Cheese Stite Factory. . ............ 05 9
State Bkinuued..... 08 8
Western (8 O
Eggs Stats and Pennsylvania, .... 18 0
BDYVALO.
OB
Ot
Oi
18
F:onr 4 M
A 4 78
Wheal- No. 1 HUwanko 1 08
a l ism
Oui-n Mixed
Oats
Bye.............
Barley
Barley Halt.....
a 4
.....
rSIULCBUXtla.
Beef Cattle Extra.. ...... ...... ...
Bicep. ........... ............. ,aM
Hoss Pressed
08
05
05
C8
06
06 it
Flour Pennsylvania I lira, 6 00
Wheat-Bed Western.. ..... 1 to
Bjo 47
Co-n Yellow...... .......... ..... 80
Mixed...M...M..asM... .... 40
a 8 as
a 1 14
a , 69
a si
a 8
Mixed .... M 4 aiy
PrtrolentnOrude.,......08ao8 BeBned, 10)
" " . . .... d'l im a
Texas jg
Oaltforula. 80 a 18
BOSTOB.
va.ue.... ............. ,
Sheep. ...... ................
. 08 08 X
. oejtfa 07M
Hoge..
:onr-
Com Mixed. ... (l w M
P" ' 81 a 81
Wool umo ana Pennsylvania XX. 81 a 86V
California Fall... .. J 80
3MHTOa, KASB,
Beef Cattle........... WK9 07
Sheep..... M 05 a 0H
LircbS. IV a 10
bcp.,.u,.HM....M 07w) 08
W1TS1TOWB, BUM.
WV, ItaJfl.
USM9 . 19 AIM)
l888tU t 00 m I I
uaor uis -eor ig tuotc......
Haecp. ......
tMn.Ps...samMjt
Children do not die of the croup to whom Dr.
Wm. Hall's Balsam for the Lungs Is adminis
tered. Parents will do well to rememrjer tnis
fact and keep a medicine, which saved so many
lives, in the house ready for an emergency. The
Balsam overoomes a tendency to consumption,
strengthens weak and heals sore lungs, reme
dies painful .id asthmatic breathing, banishes
hoarseness and enres all bronchial and tra-
chealinflammation. If you have a coign, nse
it "early and often." an irnggi
t h. raiders of this paper do not
know of Johnson's Anodyne Liniment we nrge
them to find out about it. Write to i Dr. John
son A Co., of Bangor, Me. It is the most mar
velous remedy In the world.
iumstiiiT NOTICE.-Farmers', Fatnl-
h..ul Others ean onrchsaano Remedr equal to Dr.
TOBIAS' VKNKTIAN LINIMKHT for the ' J"""
Cholera, Narrnaa. Dwt-r,. "SL'0.SSl
oatb acornnpanytns each bottle) 5i"t"'T'l'fJ"I
Chronic Rheumatism, Hnedsobe, Toot-haohjsl Bora
Throat. (Jnte, Bnrra, Srellins, Broi, Mointo
Bites, did Sores, Pains In Limbs, Back and Obe.t, It"
VKHKTIAN UNIMKMT Was imiron . '..
noons who baa mod It om ootiuji"" jy "' IV "i
latinr. If It was Ten Dollars Bottle ""'."""J'' nn?J
he without It. Thonsanrle of OertiHoates on be aeen
the Iepot, si
peaking of its wonderful onratlve properuoj.
Hold ty tns
New York.
Drocgist at Octs. Depot,
Saowit S BaowpBiAti TaoorfSS, foreons-bs and polo's
AGENTS In earnest, write Hall. 234 Broad'y. W.Y.
owbrt nan.avii.vai Merllr Lancashire Clog for
p I Oo., poet-paid, J. QhaDBET. Chatham Oentre.N.Y.
CCk a day to AenU to sell a Household Artlolo
tgjy Address Bucheye Jl'Pn t,'o. Marion. Ohio,
A Of ft A BIONTII-Anents) Wnnterl-3p bmt
selling artioles in the world: one eampler.
iPtlUtl Address JAY BRONSUN, Detroit, MioS.
$7
A DAY to A Rente anTssslnnforthe 1 Iresldt
VUltor, Terms and Outfit Kree. Ac dress
P. O. V1CKBRY AngnttH, Mains'
WANTED
Men for one rear, to begin work at
nnrn. Hnliirv filir. BunilieHH first clnfiH.
MuxitorUlass WoskSjCikcihsati.Ohio.
nnnivfi " p"o's9.onlr''?i'.'A,r, .
Great
1fl in sMfinn Inrestedln Wall St. Stocks makes
I 1 111 A III till fortunes erery month. Book sent
if iv iu yivvu ,rHeeIpiajnnn everything.
Address BAXTER CO., Bankers, 1 7 Wall St.. W. T.
DK.FtlOTK'S IIKAI.TU nlONTIII.Y.-IB
octavo panea-Kd.ted by Drs. K. B. tooTJ.Sa.
andjB. Sent on trial for six months for FOUR 3c.
STAMPS I Murray Hill Pab.Oo.,1 g! R. ath Bt..,N.Y.
rIr'TJ1 A O The obnloest In the world Importers
J. tjixiJe prioes Largest Company in Aroorioa
staple article pleases everybody Trade oonttnually
inoreasing Agents wanted everywhere best induce
monte don't wate time eend for Oironlar to
ROR'T WELLS, 43 Voaey St.. W.Y., P. U. Box 1287.
$ 1 0 g $25 Efo&Jhttjttl NoveUies
CataiJl'ne A Olltflt FX66 application "to
J. H. BUFFORD'S SON8, Manufacturing Publishers,
141 to 147 Franklin Street, Boston, Mass.
Kstabl ished nearly fifty years.
GRACE'S SALVE.
Jouksttllk, Mloh.,Deo. J7, lfW7. Mrtm. Favja: 1
sent you 6ti ota. for two boxes of Oraoe'e Salve. I bare
bad two and have used them on an uloer on my foot.and
It ia almost well. Respectfully yours, O. J. Van Ness,
Price 5 oents a box at all drnggists, or sent by mail
on receipt of 33 oents. Prepared by HKTII W.
FOVyi.K ifc SON. S Harrison Ave.. Beaton, Mass.
N y;n U
37
Cures Dyspepsia, Indigestion
Sour Stomach. Sick Headache.
NEW RICH BLOOD !
Pnrson' PnrTnt1v P. Hn make New Rich
Blood, and will completely change the blood in the
entire ayntem in three months A y person who will
take 1 pill ea;h night irum 1 to 12 week may bo robtored
to souud health, it such a thing be tm?i)le.
Bangor, Maine.
900,000 aem Uken la fnar mnntha tv US.Ano renpla.
flnnrf t,'m.l ,U. l. IX IU! S .tini, BDll gfol ,C
ciely. Adilren. A J. titlmore. l,nd Vmu'r, ftatina. k&Qam.
.OaUy andlWeekly, Quarto,
Boston, Moss.
The Largest. OheanAiit .nri Real P.mll. w.n.n..
In New England. Kdited with special reference to the
faried tastes and requirements of the home circle. All
the foreign and local news published promptlj.
Daily Transcript, ! 1 0 per annum in advance.
Weekly " i " " " '
(0 copies to one address,) S7.5U per
annum in advance.
BEND FOB SAMPLE COPY,
WHO WANTS A FARM
WHERE FARMING PAYS THE BEST ?
FOR SALE.
Mil II (111 .sRjph farming
V WVfV VU ftt from ,0 y
located ia MicbiKiui
iiH lis!' nr.ri. an on as
ktiuk ui pa
mmsm
terms of payment. Also.
of Choice Pino
in beat Lumber DlntrltHn
"Send for Illustrated Pamphlet, full of facts.
ilirnn.
LanJ CommlKwIoncr. Kanwlng, Alfrh.
RAPONIFIEj
Is the Old Baliabl Concentrated Lye
FOR FAMILY SOAP MAKING.
Directions aooompanyinc each oan for makin Hard
Soft and Toilet Soap quickly. '
IT 13 FULL W SIGHT AND STRENGTH.
The market li flooded with (eo-oalled) Concentrated
Lire, whioh ie adulterated with salt and rosin, and uan-f
BTM m fJITM, , JYU BUM 2 1M
SaponifieR
MADB B7 THB)
Pennsylvania Salt Manuf g Cdt,
PHILADELPHIA.
Make Hens Lay. I
An English Veterinary Burgeon and Chemist now
traTeliPK in thia coir, try, aaye that most of the Horra
and Oattle Powders sold here are worthless trtteh. He
ears that Sheridan's Condition Powders are aWsolotely
pure and immensely'valuable. Nothing; on earth will
make hens lay like Sheridan's Condition Powders.
Dotie one teaspoonfnl to one pint food.
Bent by mail for eight letter ilamni.
X. 8. JOIINSON A CO.,
Bangor, Heine.
EsUblUhed 1633.
Gargling Oil Liniment
"ellow Wrapper for Animal and White for
Human Flesh,
is good roa
nl, fds, Sprains and Bruises,
Chilblains, f rost Bites, SlrinL'halt, Windfalls.
Scratches or Grease, Foot Hot in Sheep?
Chapped Hands. Foundered Feet.
External Poisons,
Sand Cracks,
Galls of all kinds,
S u fast. Ringbone,
Poll Evil,
Swellings, Tumors,
Garget in Cows,
Cracked Teats.
Roup in Poultry,
Cracked Heels,
Lame Back,
Hemorrhoids or Piles,
Toothache,
Rheumatism,
Spavins, Sweeney,
i-istula. Mange,
Caked Breasts,
Hore Nipples,
Cuib, Old Sores,
Corns, Whitlows,
Cramps, Boils,
Weakness of the Joints
Contraction of Muscle.
Callous, Lameness,
Crownscab, Quittor,
Foul Ulcers, Farcy,
Abcess of the Udder,
Swelled l.egs,
Thrush,
f,?'7,"M 011 the standard
etSSl th VDiUi Sutes- l-artfe size,
f.mil- ,um' J"! s'na", 35c. Small sire lor
family use. a5c. Manufactured at Lock port,
.i 6y Merchant', Gargling Oil Company.
JOHX UODCE, gecy.
in