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THE SULTfS HAREM
Gossip About the Greatest Mo
hammedan Matrimonial '
Establishment and
ITS THOUSAND BEAUTIES.
Millions of Dollars Spent Tearjy on
Jewels and Dresses.
LIFE IN THE IMPERIAL SEEAGLIO.
Hon- tue Kalian Cboosrs BI Wire And
How His Mother Takes Care of Them
Tbe Amusements of (be Pnlocc The
UoTnl.Tbeaier and tbe Seraglio Musi
clnns WhnlblnTe Girls ere U'orlb, nnd
Something-ns to tbe Expense and Cbnr
acter of tbe Imperial Euunchs Tlie
Kindness of tbe Ctnltnn.
nr.OJI OUB TKJ.VXLIXG COU1I7SSIO.VER.J
ONSTANTINO-
PLE, September
,10. Tbere were
more than 1,000
women in tbe lia
remof the lat Sul
tan, and there are
probably as many
in tbe imperial se
raglio ot Abdul
Humid. Tbe num
ber is recruited ev
ery year by slaves
from Georgia and
Circassia, and it is
acurious thing that
uouebutslave girls
can be a pnrt of the
Sultan's establish
ment. All of tbe
buliuus of the past
have bad slave
mothers, and it is
contrary to tbe cus
tom of Turkey lor
the Sultans to mar
rr. The reason for
The due i-vnvch.
this is the prevention of political intrieue
which might arise from an extended royal
family, and Mahm ud IL, the grandfather
SCEKE ET THE
of the present Sultan, who died when Mar
tin Van Buren was President, in order to
make his throne more safe, sewed up the 174
wives of his predecessor in sacks, loaded
them with shot and dropped them into the
cool waters of the Bosphorus. He had a
royal harem himself, however, for all that,
ana when I visited the Treasury of the Sul
tan the other day I saw dozens of mirrors
set in diamonds which his ladies used in
doing up their hack hair. I saw several
pecks of pearls which belonged to his slave
favorites and those of his successors, and I
looked at a little gold cradle set in jewels, in
which his children were rocked.
The lather of the present Sultan spent
several fortunes in building palaces for his
wives. He had his lurniture made in Eu
rope, and it is said that he was especially
fond of blue-eyed beauties with golden hair.
Abdul Azziz, who was dethroned in 1S76,
and who, with tbe exception 01 the three
months' reign of Murad, was the predeces
sor or the present Sultan, had 1,200 female
slaves in his harem ai'd he spent as high as
$3,000,000 a year in decorating his seraglio
and in gratifying the wants of his ladies.
The expenses 01 hi? harem for presents and
dresses consumed 5800,000 a year, and dur
ing some of the years 01 his reign he paid as
high as 500,000 or jewels.
The expenses pf the present Sultan in this
same respect are undoubtedly enormous.and
though I am told that he overlooks the ac
counts himself tbey cannot but run high
into the hundreds of thousands of dollars.
Ml
Aiv, ra M at Ti
fee Tj
? i 1 m
5S
b - jn i r tT r PI I
1 P Ml
$! p" 1 'I, I1!
There are thousands ot servants about the
palaces of tbe Sultan. He has seveia hun
dred eunuch, and these receive salar.es ac
cording to their position. Thecbiei eunuch
ii'quite as important a man as the grand
vixier. He takes part in the imperial coun
cils, and is a man of great influence. I saw
him on the day that the Sultan took his
yearly visit when he went to kiss the man
tle of Mahomet. A tall, broad-shouldered
neero, with dull black eyes, but with lea
turesexpressneof intellect and will. He
was dressed in clothes embroidered in
gold lace, and he rode , a
magnificent Arabian horse. The Sul
tan probably bought him as a slave
and the most ordinary eunuchs are a costly
article.,' They are imported by slave deal
ers trora .Africa, where they are raised.
.Theyareof asdiffertntgrades" as arc other
.men, aodjlhe Sultan has all kinds. The
more inrportant of them have separate es
tablishments of their own in the palace.
Each of the more favorite slaves ot the
hJrem must have her eunuchs to wait upon
her. Slie uses them as her servants, but
they ate guards as well. This chief eunnch
has charge of all the women 01" the palace,
and it is through their power with the Sul
tan tt at much of his influence comes. He
li',new to his position, and he will probably
amuss a fortune before he dies. The last
chief eunnch wore a uniform of scarlet and
vCold. and he bnilt a mosque to serve as his
wsib. Be was coortea aaring ins life time, 1
. ..
- w .
and it is said that his influence was pur
chasable. A. COSTLY EQUfPAOE.
The eunuchs, however, form but a small
part of the servants of the nalace. There are
something like 7,000 people about tbe Sal
tan ana me greatest part ot tnese are em
ployes. Tbe kitchens of the last Sultan had
300 servants, and it must take a number pf
nanus to attend to the thousands ot norses
and to keep the 200 roval carriages in
good condition. The Sultan has his bar
bers, his musicians and his boatmen, and
I am told that there are 100 porters
atYildiz who do nothing else but carry
burdens. The ladies of the harem have
their servant) and the hair-dressers, and the
dress-makers must be numbered by hun
dreds. The less favored among the women
sometimes act as tbe servants ot the others,
but many of these ladies have their separate
establishments, with their own eunuchs,
slaves, doctors and beggars. They receive
visitors in their own apartments, and make
visits to the other ladies of the imperial
city, which is hidden behind the walls of
the Sultan's palace grounds. The feeding
of six or seven thousand people everyday,
year in and year out, costs a fortune, and a
good part of the Sultan's ten millions a year
passes through the hands of his cooks. The
chief part of the cooking for tbe palace is
not done in the grounds where the Emperor
lives. The lood is prepared at tbe great
palace of Dolraa Bagtcbe, about a mile
awav, and it is carried on trays on the heads
of the porters to the harem on the hill. It
is sate to say that a large part of the best ot
its dainties are served cold.
The Sultan never eats with his harem and
it is not the custom for the sexes to eat
together in Turkey. His Majesty sits down
to his meals with his officers of State. He
drinks his coffee out ot gold cups and he
uses a Turkish article which is as thick as
molasses and as strong as lye. He has his
Ministers of State often to dine with him,
and he gives dinners frequently to the diplo
maies at Constantinople. At such dinners
he sits down with his foreign guests save
when their wives are present, and he is said
to be a very good dinner-table companion.
There are a nuuiber-of little rooms in the
palace to which he retires with such of his
friends as he wishes to engage in private
conversation, and he carries on conversation
with loreigners through interpreters. He
can speak French, but prefers to use the
Turkish and an interpreter in his conversa
tion. He believes in 'educating, and he has
a school connected with his harem where the
little prunes are lauglil French and the
modern sciences as well as the Koran.
TUKKISH ETIQUETTE.
The guests of the Sultan never get a peep
into his harem. The man who would at
tempt to enter the apartments reserved lor
tbe women would be punished with death,
and a eunuch in Constantinople has a right
to knock down any man who speaks to a
lady under his charge. A foreigner was
nearly killed not long ago for addressing a
ladyot high caste on the bridge which
crosses from Stxmboul to Pera, and no one
in Constantinople save the Sultan has the
right to ask a lady to take off her veil. Th
Smtan can go anywhere, and he can pene
trate the harem "of his officers it he will.
This right, however, is never enforced, and
he In quite enonih to do 10 keep the peace
SULTAN'S HAREM.
in his own family. Of late years his ladits
have been by no means so secluded as in the
past, and much of their restrictions are
nominal.
"When the Sultan made his annual trip to
kiss the cloak of the prophet Mahomet,
hich is kept in Stamboul, I" saw at least
100 ot them in his procession. They were in
closed carriages, but I could see plainly
through the carriage windows, and the veils
which covered their faces were of gauze so
thin that I could distinguish the layers of
paint on their cheeks. They were dressed
in silks of all colors of the rainbow, but
these silks were made in the shape of very
full water nrool cloaks, and tbey were rather
wrappers than dresses. Manv of the ladies
wore kid gloves, and I noted' that som e of
A f 5,000 Ctrcattian Bfovty.
them had soread handkerchiefs over tneir
knees in order to keep tbeir gloves from
being soiled. Many had their eyebrows
painted and their eves showed out plainly
over their veils. Bes'ide each carriage rode
a somber-faced negro eunuch dressed in
black with a long whip in bis hand and the
carriages were drawn by magnificent horses.
There were some beautiful girls among
them and I noted half a dozen red-headed
Circassians whose cheeks were as rosv as
those of' an English barmaid, and who
would have passed for belles in Cleveland,
ITew York or Chicago. At the head of the
harem procecsion was the carriage of the
mother of the Sultan, who is known as the
Valide Sultana, and who practically rules
the harem.
THE SULTAN'S aiOXHEE.
The Valide Sultana has one of the winpn
of. the pajace set apart for her use. Bhe has I
a court almost as important as that of the
iiSHp
Sultan himself. Sha has her eunuchs and
ber servants, and she is probably the only
one whop His Majesty implicitly trusts.
She acts as the go-between between the Sul
tan and his wives, and she really chooses
his wives for him. I have been in Constan
tinople during the greater part of the Mo
hammedan Lent, or of the month known as
Itamazan. During this month the Moh,am
medansfast from sunrise to sunset, and they
engage in numerous prayers. At the close
of it will come their Easter Bairam, when
every Turk will come out in new clothes
and when the whole Mohammedan world
will engage in rejoicing.
At this time each year the Sultan takes a
new favorite slave to wife, and this slave is
selected from a large number by tbe Valide
Sultana. As I write the young lady is
probably in training for her new position,
and she has been within the hand of the
A Lady of the Barcm.
Valide Sultana for a number of months.
Six months belore, Bamazan each year the
Georgian slave merchants and oth'ers who
hiive girls whom they wish to sell to the
Sultan bring their young ladies to the
Sultan's mother. She looks over them and
picks out 15 or more. These are taken into
the palace and are carefully Ted like so
many prize horses. Shortly before Bairam
she looks over the lot again jind picks out
the one who is to be the bride of the Sultan.
The Sultan has, I believe, the right to take
Mich of the other girls as strike his lancv,
but his Bairam bride he does not see until
the night after this feast. If she happens
to please the Sultan she is given a separate
apartment, and if she has children they are
legitimate and rank with other Princes and
Princesses. It the Sultan does not like her
she ranks with the other slaves of the pal
ace, and it may be never sees His Majesty
again.
A GOOD, LAZT TIME.
The favorite lidies of the Sultan's harem
have by no means a bad time. They are
certainly better off than they would be in
their native lands, and many "of them esteem
it a great honor to be brought to Constanti
nople and sold. Tbeir 11 e in the palace is
a do-nothing, lazy one. They spend the day
in chatting, eating and sleeping. Most of
them smoke cigarettes, and they go out
dining under the charge of their eunuchs
when they can get permission. The Sultan
has a very nice little theater in his palace,
and music for this is often furnished by the
ladies of the harem. Tbe price of a slave is
largely increased if she is a good musician,
and some of these girls are good dancers and
singers.
The price for an ordinary slave girl of the
desirable age, ranging from 12 to 16, is $200.
If she Is beautiful she may be worth $2,000
and more, and if in addition to this she is a
good musician the motherof the Sultan will
give Irom $5,000 to $6,000 for het. Rich
blonde beauties with blue eyes and trans
parent skins always bring high prices if
plump and well rounded, but I am told that
black girls are brought from Africa and sold
for a song in Constantinople. The slave
market of the qty has long since Keen done
away with, but the buying and selling still
goes on underhand and the terms of slavery
outside the palace are such that after a slave
has served seven years she must, if she de
sires, be released. More than half the mar
riages in Turkey are, it. is said, made with
slaves, but tbe slave having a child is
usually elevated to the position of wife.
AH" OBLIGING AUTOCBAT.
The foreign artists who come to Constan
tinople are often asked bv the Sultan to
give per ormances to himself and his
friends in his royal theater within the pal
ace. At such times the favorite, ladies ot
the seraelio get a glimpse of outside life
through latticed windonsof theirboxes and
the event is the subject of gossip in the
harem for weeks to come.
In connection with this theater I was told
an incident which gives some insight into
the kindliness of the Sultan's nature. On
the 22d of last February when an Italian
opera troupe was playing in Constantinople
the American Minister, Mr. Oscar Straus,
gave an entertainment to the Americans at
bis house in celebration of Washington's
birthdav. At this entertainment he had en
gaged tbis Italian opera troupe consisting of
250 musicians, to perform. Late in the af
ternoon of the22df Mr. Straus received a
note from the Italian manager, saying that
the Sultan had requested the troupe to come
that night to the palace, and inasmuch as
the request of His Majesty is equivalent to'a
command, he could not keep his engage
ment with him.
It was too late at this time to countermand
the invitation for the entertainment aud
Mr. Straus sent a messenger to the Sultan,
explaining the situation and asking him to
allow the troop to come to his" house either
before or after the entertainment at the
palace. His' Majesty at once sent back a
messenger, saying that he would under no
conditions disturb the entertainment ot Mr.
Straus, and that it would suit bim just as
well to have the troop come to the palace
after their entertainment was over, which
was done. At another time he disarraneed
one of his dinners at the palace in order to
accommodate the American minister, and I
am told here that a friendship has existed
between Mr. Straus and His Majesty during
the whole ot the former's ministry.
Pbask G. Cakpentes.
WHI CATS HATE WHISKEES.
Appendages Tbat Are Useful in Many Ways
to Bensts of Prey.
Everyone must have observed what are
usually called the whiskers on a cat's upper
lip. Tbe use of these, in a state of nature
is very important. They are organs of
touch. They ire attached to a bed of close
glands under the skin, and each of these
long hairs is connected with the nerves of
the lip. Tbe slightest contact or these
whiskers with any surrounding object is
in us ten moEi uisuuciij uy inn animal, al
though the hairs of themselves are insensi
ble. Thev stand out on each side of the
lion, as well as in the common cat; so that
from point to point, they are equal to the
width of the animal's body. If we imagine,
there ore, a lion stealing through a covert
ot wood in an imperfect light, we shall at
once see the use ot these long hairs.
Tbey indicate to him, through the nicest
feeling, any obstacle which may present
itself to the passage of his body; they pre
vent the rustling of boughs and leaves,
which wpnld give warning to his prey, if
ue was uj aiietupb iu pass inrougn loo close
a bush; and thus, in conjunction with the
soft cushions of his feet, and the fur upon
which he treads (the claws never coming iu
contact with the cround), they enable him
to move .toward bis victim with a stillness
even greater than that of the snake, which
creeps along the grass, and is not perceived
,until it is coUed round his prey.' - ... .,
PITTSBURG, SUNDAY,
HERO OR MURDERER ?
A
Pen Picture of the Right Hon.
Arthur James Balfour, the
CHIEF SECRETARY FOR IRELAND.
Called a Hero in England, a Murderer In
Ireland and tbe
BEST HATED MAN IN GEEAT BRITAIN
M ICORKESFOXDENCX or TBI DISPATCH. 1
jLokdon, September 19. I have just had
the honor of meeting the best hated man in
the thr?e kingdoms of England, Ireland
and Scotland. He is not an impressive man
to lookrat, but just now he is attracting
more interest and attention than any other
man in England except Mr. Gladstone, and
good judges say that, accidents barred, he
will be rime Minister of England yet.
This man is none other than the Bight Hon.
Arthur James Balfour, Chief Secretary for
Ireland, more familiarly known as "Bloody
Balfour," the title given him by the Home
Balers.
There is no disputing Balfour's promi
nence over here just now, no matter what
you may think of his methods. He is the
one active central figure in the Conservative
party. Even Lord Salisbury makes less
noise, or at least seems to, while the saturn
ine Goschen and the cumbersome party
leader Smith are simply nowhere when
compared with the bete noir of the Irish
party.
There is no other politician over here who
can be said to resemble the rather remarka
ble man. He is not built upon the same
plan as Gladstone, he is not even so at
tractive as Salisbury. He is not as con
scientious as Harrington, as nimble a politi
cal change artist as Chamberlain, or as en
terprising as Lord Bandolph Churchill. But
in his own way he is succeeding. He is
making for himself a place in the hearts of
the Conservative squires such as no other
man now holds. It is somewhat peculiar
that this man is now pursutngsomewhat the
same course that was held by Gladstone
half a century ago, when that now great
Liberal was young and had much to learn,
but when he was looked upon as the "rising
hope of the stern and unbending Tories."
- That is what Balfour is to-day. He is the
man to thorn the old lineTories are pinning
their every hope. Just at present they are
especially pleased with him, for just as Par
liament was going quietly out with honors
easy between tbe narties, Balfour bv his
strateey with regard to the endowment'of a
Catholic university in Ireland has split the
Liberal party, and the Irish party, too, has
set Parnell and Davitt quarreling again, and
has filled the breasts of Tories generally
with glee. It is not certain that all the
credit for the move belongs to Balfour.
However willing be will get it, and he need
not care for the jealous wrath that he has
stirred up in the breasts of those other en
enterprising statesmen, Joseph Chamber
lain and Lord Bandolph Churchill.
The Conservative party is not overbur
dened with coming men, consequently they
appreciate Balfour, who seems full of
promise.
The rise of Balfour has been rather a
queer one, and it has been one that it is
hard to understand, when one considers the
apparent qualities of the man. It is true
that Balfour happens to be the nephew q!
vue c rime, minister 01 .cngiana, wnicn Hap
pens to account for a good deal over here.
But this does not wholly account for tbe
fact that he has succeeded, at least in the
eyes of a large number of Englishmen, in a
position where pretty much every one be
fore him tailed. It is true that he has not
been hampered as other secretaries for Ire
land have been. Lord Salisbury bas seen to
it that his nephew should have bitowT wav.
and a sweet way it has been. His reign has
been a reign of terror in Ireland, and ih that
once happy country no other name is is de
tested as that of Balfour.
A NtJKSEKY OGEE.
Young children are taught to shake their
little fists at mention of it", and it wot Id be
impossible to compute the number of i irses
that have been showered upon it. But
Balfour has not been at all moved by his.
He has gone steadily ahead with his pc icy,
such as it is. He has imprisoned mei: bers
of Parliament, priests, men and women of
high and low degree. Nothing has bee too
big or too little for his drag net. Hi has
been assailed as no man has been be ore,
but he has never budged. A majorit of
the Tory party look upon this as an exi ibi
tion of strength. They like a strong po oy.
When they read that a regiment of sold ers,
with the assistance of "Balfour's maide is,"
have succeeded after a fierce strnggli in
evicting a dozen families somewhere in re
land, or when tbey receive intelligence hat
WllJinm iVTIriDn Tiuq Kaon a.erl ..,?n
.. .... .. vu .,i 1U, i
or mat some uniortunate nome Kuler -has
died in prison, or something else of hat
sort, they rub their hands and congratu ate
themselves that if this sort of thing is ept
up the rebellion muse soon be crushed, ind
so they support Balfour's policy and hey
swear by Ballour.
So it is that Balfour is held as a hen in
England and as a murderer in Ireland. In
Ireland he is held directly responsible for
all the deaths ot the Home Rulers whom he
has sent to prison. Just now they are com
bining for 'one great cry ot "Murderl"
should William O'Brien die in prison, as it
now seems he may. William O'Brien's
death in prison might mean a political revo
lution or worse, and Balfour kliows it. It
might, too, put his lite in greater danger
than tbat ot any other man in Europe, and
it is probable that he knows this, too. It
does not move him. Hollands by his policy
even to the extent of refusing to al low
O'Brien's physician, who is familiar with
the constitutional disease from which
O'Brien has all his life suffered, to attend
him, and has allowed him to be attended by
the prison doctor and none other.
A STEEN POLICY.
grange things niightgrowoul of O'Brien's
death in prison. The chances are about
even that he will die there, and it is my
impression that he would rather have it so.
He is said tg believe that his death under,
such circumstances would lead even En
glishmen to join in the movement for the
reform of Irish prisons, and incidentally to
help upset the otLer system'whicb allows
the Irish Secretary to railroad obnoxious
Irish National leaders to prison at will.
That his death would raise a storm is cer
tain. There is no man, not even Michael
Davitt, who is so loved by the Irish people
as is O'Brien. They would go wild over his
death.
Balfour does not look like a man who
could so firmly press a policy such as his is.
He is not a strong man physically, and he
does not look like an over strong man men
tally. But strong in both senses he must
be, while, in the matter of nerve, he rivals
Parnell himself.
In the House of Commons he has held his
own with his opponents for the reason that,
right or wrong, he knew the power behind
him, and refused to budge. How he wonld
have done in the old days when the Irish
men were unhampered by the present House
rules, and when they could worry the
Queen's-Ministers at will, cannot be known.
The Irish members nsed to drive the late
Mr. Forster to the borders of insanity, but
they are restrained now.
However, tbey worry Balfour sufficiently
to upset a less self-contained, self-confident
man. He is no match lor Sexton, O'Connor
or William O'Brien in oratorv, nor for Big
gar, Healj, Harrington or "half a dozen
others in debate. However, he evens things
by never seeming) to know when he is
ceawxus. Aiaienients made by him once I
SHeueBiaae. Me never rotroct. Ttniy
rt . . . - 1
a.e ueer retracts, xi may i
-"" '. 'J s.., .
i?y
SEPTEMBER 29, 1889,
be shown that the statements are all wrong.
He calmly stands by them, and fails to see
any error. And what cau you do? I do not
believe that he will acknowledge that any
member of the Home Bule party can fell'
the truth or that tbey can take any position
on any question save the wrong one. The
most inaccurate reports of his subordinates in
Ireland are held by him to be as gospel
truths, even after they have been publicly
shown to be inaccurate. When he once
takes a position he holds it If driven into
a corner he says nothing. In fact, Balfour
mentally is a curiosity. That he himself
believes these things that no one else be
lieves, is pretty certain, and tbis side of his
uuuracier ougnt 10 inrnisn psycnoioKisu)
with an interesting subject for study.
BALFOUR NO COTVABD.
He is constantly followed night and day
by tour or more hulking Scotland Yard de
tectives. Balfour himself has objected to
this. One can scarcely blame him, for the
presence of English detectives is oppressive
in the extreme. But he is powerless. The
Home Secretary is responsible for his safety,
so Balfour has to endure the detectives
among other evils. That the Irish Secretary
is in some danger, it is true. It is not so
great as some imagine, but it is great
euongh. Thousands of men and women
have been thrown out of their homes in
Ireland who blame Balfour, and he alone,
forbeir misfortunes. There is no telling
the time when some of these persons may
sek private vengeance on the man whom
thty believe to have been their enemy.
The Irish National League is well organ
ized and well disciplined. It will allow no
violence and no murdering to be done if it
can help it. So, while it rules, Balfour need
fetr nothing save attack from some individ
ual or individuals whom tbe League nor
atiy.other organization cau control. So, as
matters stand, the very success of Balfour's
policy would add to his danger. Should he
susceed, as it is said he hopes to, into goad
in Irishmen into open rebellion, he would
be I the first man marked. But he is not
litfly to succeed in this. Again, if he
shmld succeed in discrediting Parnell and
in breaking up the National Leagne, things
wcold be almost as bad. The restraining
inluenceof the present leaders who do not
believe in violence would be removed.
Tie Irish people, finding that the
grkt party on which their hopes had been
bcQded bad been destroyed, would lose all
bep'e of achieving their wishes by peaceful
mtans, and their disorder and violence
wtald begin again, and affairs would go
baok to where they were 40 years ago.
Seme of the guns that are now lying buried
al over Ireland would be brought out
acain, and there would be more shooting
trim behind hedges, and 'consequently more
hmgings. There would be more attempts
atebellion. The Queen has an army big
enough to quell these, or even to wage a
wtf of extermination. But would the game
beWorth tbe candle?. The Queen, even in
trnse quiet times, has over 25,000 soldiers in
Inland, and in one way or another the
ever wake ul cat manages to keep them
btsy. How many would be required were
Biliour's policy to succeed in breaking
Pirnell's pacific influence and in opening
U(ianother period ot organized violence?
this is what the HnmeBulers say of Bal
folr's policy. Balfour himself is saying
Tiry little. He is going ahead on his own
Hie. He doesn't see anything wrong about
itnor anything funny. I don't believe he
Bijr anything ridiculous about the struggle
bUween William O'Brien and his jailors,
i J which the latter won a lasting reputation
If stealing O'Brien's trousers while he was
ijleep, and leaving him face to face with
the necessity of wearing convict garb or
done. He cannot understand why the
L"""r" -- J"" """ """""S . ","" ."
insnmen are just now smiling over a
.. 1"6B"U uojijc Moaci uyu x UCJ1CVC Ik
jcomes irom America to the effect that Bat
(four has had O'Brien locked npthiijast
Mum wijutc -ud ihiiu iu gii possession- OI
the Irishman's fall trousers. Balfour
doesn't Bee anything funny abont these
things. It is a very serious business to
hint.
BAXFOTJB'S ANCESTET.
Balfour is comparatively a young man.
He was born in 1848, and went to Parliament
in 1874. He bas been private secretary of
his uncle, and throughout has had the bene
fit ot his advice and assistance in his politi
cal career. He has been President of the
local Government Board and Secretary for
Scotland. He has occupied his present'post
since 1886.
The Chief Secretary for Ireland is of
mixed Scotch and English blood. It is
worth remembering at the time when he is
known as "Bloody Balfour" that one of bis
ancestors, a Sir Alexander Bal.our, who
flourished in the time of Mary, Queen of
Scots, also enjoyed an alliterative nick
name, since John Knox called him "Blas
phemous Bal our." In the days ot bad eggs
this Balfour seems to have been an extreme
ly bad egg. He changed religiou and poli
tics with paimul regularity; was present at
the murder of Bizzio; was accused of com
plicity in the death of Darnley, and gave up
to the Confederate Lords letters intrusted to
him by Botbwell, by which it was attempted
to prove Mary's guilt Finally he com
passed the death ot Mortqn by furnishing a
deed signed by Morton at the assassination
of Darnley. Altogether he was a hard case.
When discussing the present Ballour the
Irishmen always drag up his ancestor and
come out strong on heredity. They hold
mai - Arthur jaines is a natural and
proper descendant of "Blasphemous Ball
lour," and draw much comiort from their
arguments.
In the meantime Bight Hon. Arthur
James Balfour is going right ahead and is
a mighty important mau. His policy may
be wrong. To all the Americans f have
met it seems wrong. A part of England
and Scotland and all Ireland cay it is
wrong. But this very self-possessed man
pays no attention. He holds to his course
like a typical English bulldog, and he bas
the stout old Tory element behind him.
We shall hear more ot him yet
Fbebeeio Sanbubh-.
HARRIED FOR A DOLLAR.
New York a Good Place to Get Wedded for
a Small Fee.
Augusta (Me.) Journal.
A young couple attracted considerable at
tention at the Chase House, Squirrel Island,
recently, by their effusive exhibitions of
affection. Considerable discussion as to
whether tbey were married or were going to
be went the rounds of the table, and was
finally set at rest by a remark of the young
lady.
"res, we were married in City Hall, New
York, and it only cost us $1. Wasn't ,that
cheap?"
The crowd tittered and excused all further
antics.
Always Unfortunate.
Engineer (who has stopped the train with
difficulty) Wny in thunder don't you get
off the track?
Lazy McBeth (tbe tramp) I wuz hopin'
I tnipht Pit lifted IITprth1!..!.!.. U
snnlsnniliiinl P.I- ..
";-'?- ,""-" ."', ""' f-ll
appie oreoara. -rucK.
e v S-naau.T3 . t ,, .ritlf.'
ts
slip
THE CLASSIC EHINE.
Picturesque Scenes Along the Banks
of This Historic Stream
FROM MAIEKCE TO COLOGNE.
Castles Fitted Up After the Style of tbe
Middle Ages.
LEGENDS OF CH1TALRI AND CRIME
tcoBsxsr-oxsracE or tot dispatch.;
OLOGNE, Septem-
ber UL A little
fffSi while ago I said
adieu to the fair
V Bhlne, to the majestic
3 stream with its
H-" .1 j' "nreciTiiee's doom.
j 1 o J
forests' growth, and
Gothic wall J&
tween," to that Ger
man river "Where
nature nor too som
ber, nor too gay,
wild but not rude,
awful yet not au
stere, is to the mel
low earth as autumn
to the year."
This morning I
took a boat for Cologne at Mayence, the
capital of tbe Grand Duchy at Hessia, a
place of come 60,000 inhabitants with a gar
rison of 10,000 soldiers. It stands on the
Bhine, just where the mighty river receives
the turbid waters of the Main, and the town
ot Cassel lies opposite. I saw the cathedral,
an imposing pile, where Charlemagne's
wife lies bnried, and no other church in
Germany can boast as many epitaphs, tombs
and monuments. Of course I paid a pil
grimage to the house where Gutenberg was
born; it was in Mayence where he invented
the art preservative. The town gives signs
of prosperity, and the river embankment
which the Government is constructing is as
grand as the one along tbe Thames.
VALUABLE VINEYABD3.
The steamboat started early Jn tbe fore
noon, almost half the passengers being En
glish and American, and we steamed down
a river which presents that wondrous suc
cession of varied beauties that has won for
it universal admiration. We passed Beib
rich, wheie the Nassau Grand Dukes used
to live, and then Eerbach, where they kept
their wines, and among them Steinberg
occupies the first place. There are only 35
acres of this vineyard, but each acre is
worth 10,000; that, however, is not more
than half as much as another vineyard a
little further down would bring. Until re-
nJy" ,,,,I"T.
r"3W
CASTLE 07 THE OBAND DUKE OF NASSAU.
cently the Johannisbcrg estate was owned
by Prince Metternich, but I understand
tliat an English syndicate has bought or
leased it and nearly all the other vineyards
along the Bhine.
"The castellated Bhine," begins at
Bingen. Jnst before coming to Bingenloch
we saw a queer old tower standing on a
rocky islet which is called the Mausthrum.
There is a tradition connected with this
mouse tower which, however, is devoid of
historical foundation. Prom this point as
far as Coblentz there are dark shadows on
the mountains, and in almost every direc
tion we saw the ruins of feudal castles
Irowning down on vaulted and turreted
towns. The scenery is unrivalled, and the
effect is heightened by historical associa
tions and the charms of romance and
chivalry.
THE CASTLE OF BHEnTSTEIH
is one of the most striking ornaments of this
picturesque region. It is fitted up after
the manner of a knightly dwelling in tbe
Middle Ages;' the walls are hung with
armor; the windows are all of stained glass,
ana the lurniture is the same as was in
INt?-
-j2 . vjafeS
Town and Castle of Oberwesel.
common use. in castles of those times.
Almost opposite these old ruins is the
village ot Assmenbausen, celebrated for its
excellent red wine, the vines of which are
grown on hills so steep, that iu order to
retain the earth about the roots they are
frequently planted in baskets. The vine
yards all along this part of tbe Bhine are a
succession of terraces supported by walls of
stout masonry.
From here down the numberof dismantled
and dilapidated fortresses is so great that
one could hardly keep track of tbem. Some
of the ancient residencesof knightly robbers
of an unsettled age are more than picturesque
in appearance. The town of Bacharach is
very interesting. Its towers are of singular
construction; each consists of only three
walls, the side toward the town being open,
the intention probably being to prevent the
command ot the place by an enemy who
should gain nossession ot them. The town
is so named from a rock in the bed of the '
ivc uaueu
THE ALTAR OF BACCHUS.
Usually it is covered with water, bnt in
very fine seasons it appears above the
surface, and is hailed as an emblem of a
good vintage. The castle, back of the
town, vast even in its ruins, was the cradle
of the Count Palatine, and in it have dwelt
such persons as Frederic Barbarossa, the
Bmperor Rupert, and other Princes. Until
Otto, the Illustrious, trans. erred his resi
dence to Heidelberg epurt festivities were
held in it and men were drunkards in
those days. .On the top of a hill-hard by is
a Protestant church that formerly belonged
to the Knights Templar. Not far below is
Caub, remarkable as the. spot where Blucher.
crossed thVJlhine' with his army on; the
night of New Tear's Day, 1814. The castle
ofGutenfelsis situated at this place, and
tradition runs that iu lady owner received
here Bichard of Cornwall, to whoa she was
subsequently united.
Oberwesel, the Yasavia of the Eoaans,
is next on the river. There used to be a
stout wall about the place, and we saw
traces of it in battlements, gait and turrets.
now all in rains. A good deal of the ex
tensive castle of the Knights of Schoaberg
is still standing, however. The castle be
lones to the King of Prussia, who has had
it partly restored according to ancient tra
ditions. There once resided here seven
damsels, whose coquettish ways were such
as caused many bloody frays among their
noble suitors, and to punish tbem lor their
cruelty they were cast into the Bhine by a
fairy, "where they were transformed into an
equal number of rocks. We saw the rocks,
so I suppose there must be some truth in
tbe story. There is a remarkable echo at
$1 Ml""""
1 aT-cEr
Cathedral of Cologne.
the bend of the river, just at a rockv
promontory called the Lurley, and local
students love to practise a joke by mquir
nonfthBeohoi "Who is tie burgomaster
of Oberwesel? to which echo replies,
"Esel,"the German for donkey. At the
top of ".Lurley a small pagoda has been
built, and itis great fun for peopler in the
neighborhood to come and shout down-to
those passing by on the steamboats, a few
voices giving out as much sound as a loud
clap of thunder;
DWELLINGS 07 BOTALTT.
Presently we came to StoTzeufels, an old
castle seated far above the level of the river,
which is owned by the King of Bussia, and
has been restored in the style of the middle
ages, with great taste and at vast expense.
Stolzenfels, certainly one of the most beau
tiful castles along tbe Bbine, was visited by
Queen Victoria and Prince Albert when
they vovaged this river in 1845.
The town of Coblentz is beautifully situa
ted, and is surrounded by an assemblage of
objects ot historical and picturesque inter
est that I have not space to enumerate.
"Wear a market town called TJukel we saw
a pretty chateau with a tall flag staff stand
ing in front of it, and from that staff floated
the Star Spangled Banner. I have not the
slightest idea who dwells there, bnt it gave
me great pleasure to see onr country's flag
a? we descended a German river. The castle
of Eollenseck and tbe island of Nonenwertb,
on which stands an ancient nunnery, are
interesting from the story connected with
them, and -which suggeste'd to Schiller one
of his most beantifnl ballads. v
A MTSTEEI0U3 TANKEE CE.OE3US.
la due course we came to the Biebenge
birge, or Seven Mountains, which form an
appropriate conclusion to the grand, beanti
fnl scenery that we had been enjoying.
They are the loftiest and most rngged along
the Bbine, and are for most part crowned
with ruined castles. Then we saw a charm'
iug village called Koenigswinter, which
looked a place of one long street leading
from the Bhine inland. There is a pretty
church in the town, and I should judge ,the
.place to be much frequented, as we noticed
several hotels. The road is steep from
Koenigswinter to the Drachentels or
Dragon's Bock, an interesting ruin, which
crowns an isolated cone o( enormous height
Part way down the mountain, and nearer io
the town, is a magnificent modern chateau
that looked as if it had been erected only
recently. I tried to find out the name of
the owner, but the only information I re
ceived was rather unreliable. The captain
of our boat was unapproachable, but the
head waiter said it was owned and built by
a Baron 'von Barter, or some such name, a
"rich American who used to keep a menag
erie in the United States, and who made a'
fortune Jut of the Panama Canal." This
was the information given me by a German
maitre d'hotel on a Bhine steamboat, and it
goes for what it is worth in this corre
spondence. Passing by the village of Godesberg, a
lively little place, and where, behind the
village, high up on a conical hill, is a tali
tower and all that rem'aina of a. former
(Castle.'we came after awhile to the town of
iJonn, so justly distinguished for its univer
sity and tbe number of eminent pro essors
wuu uuvc occupied coairs inerein. jit this
place the pecnliar beauties of the Bhine
may be said to have ceased, and as far'as
Holland toe country presents a flat and un
interesting character. Thus, after about
eight hours of most peculiar enjoyment, we
arrived at a town celebrated for its cathe
dral and for the fragrant water which bears
its name. Cologne is a place of great com
mercial activity, with a population of nearly
200,000 Inhabitants and a garrison of over
12,000 soldiers. HEKBT Hattxie.
A LAWIEK S1LLKCED.
For Once la His Ufa He Had Not a Single
Word to Say.
Brooklyn Essle.I
An amusing story is being told at the
expense of Lawyer George F. Elliott
County Judge Henry A. Moore and Mr.
Elliott stopped at the same hotel in Sara
toga. The judge was slowly promenading
one end of the veranda, and Mr. Elliott
was conversing with two ladies at the
W.r
Presently a third ladv. of vonthfnl
appearance and quiet demeanor, joined the
laaies wim wnom .air. Elliott was convers
ing. "Do you see that gentleman at the other
end of the veranda?" said Mr- Elliott
"That is County Judge Moore, of Brook
lyn. I am going to be nominated against
bim and will beat him so badly he, won't
know he is running-."
"Indeed?" said the young lady who had
just joined tbe group. "He is my father."
Lawyer Elliott left in a hurry. Later on
he ascertained that tbe lady who called him
dawn so quickly was the wire of Mr. John
Moore, oi'the Court of Sessions, and Judge
Moore's sob. ane is la. theflabit Mr. EI
liott alsoy learned, j of. eallisir, the judge
jb ainer.
-.
MASONS IN C0NCLA1
PrqwriBg for Ike fi-mW'EMi
of tke lights Imfkr.
A EECEPTM BT MRS. J, A. ImM
Tie TallM-Xas efrf a ftttwu ot':
ingles SMitir.
i"?!
vni
MIS. OLETILANFg IAPPI KHigUTt
,iM, syAfi
lwwoililuHJi Uf JTB AJflUjmH.J''-'
Washisotojt, Septeatar .
Grand Encampment ot the KaigUs'llM
here, promises to be rich. eafefta
features. One of the SMttur!,
will be the presence of a ooapaay a ST .Hpif?
attiredta tbe Knights Twister
They are from the KesooSt
Louisville. Kv. The "HW
sons and dasgatew of deeMsei'j
cares for them until tW are aisle i
ly provide for.tfcHwelTSS. 3Mk.ItliK
institutes of the kiad ia tbis
-a. movement is now oh feet to
different commtnderies present at !
clave give exhibition drills for the mm
of raising fanda for the estaMissisiistjj
"home" ia Washingtoa. At a
the committee in charge of the
it was aeeteea not to how a
drill on the grouBdihat it atigtH
aisiausiactioB. aatt oomplaiat
anils will be anite Bsnenwa. a. as
commaaderief baviag sfgaifed their
uonor participating-Uhwmb.
Many of the commanderies have l
quite extensive trips besides that!
fngton. St John's CoaiiBandwy. 4
delphis. probably the wealthiest '
country-, have ehartered a steaeser to mm
cursion to via roiat Coafert Shntl
Allan Commanderv. aF -PArtlosil 1fctW4i
pose "doing" Gettysburg, the Lbmt' i
cji, 4.iuuurouu ami jii. veraea, j-.
& l!t ! Jt .. J 11 A TT -ra
Mrs. iioaa .a. ajogaa will give a
uon to tne JSLHlgtats aaa tbeir iaoe4
cicuiug ui tcteiwr l. inn is ib
sort of a recoemttoa ot her i
husband's'conneetiea with the
STYLISH -WA3HrSG:KW ,
In no other city ia' the wariaV
faibioas chaBse so raeidlv aad
innovations wrought, than ia,Wa
society, .a. lew uays ago watle l
or a new costume Bf r
to think of the harrh
Easbloa, One of the persons.
assisting id my makes, was a
a lew years ago, was at
fashionable dressaakiBg
To-day she is only an aseistaat MSl
who forBSPrlT wnrbrpd Car W suf i i
uu roTitc iuuiisc mummi smi
I.. .. ... V.J...- ...U f .
woe about bow ber bashes was ktcM
the whirligig of faeatea'a evercHeas.
.a. lew years ace sae seeMtri
Washington wore ao dresses that'
lashfoaed by a .New York: or
modiste. Since tbea, times have' i
and taese two ertms gee tmt .
WashiagtoH trade.
Formerly the man drosiialMr
known in the' Capital. To-day, Jk i
portantiaewr mine mateapet
ton society, Bome'verv nae
made by these usurpers of wen
indeed It ha been send wat i
rival, e prodaetio o HM
xse-awriaaws' taller te
gree, of twees ht. the
J'WWsP'' AtrVMrVT' JlwjTlrW
Tirtritrfaa vm eM to
! years sfe.- Seeing, a fair Seld'
little competition, ee opened, a
-second Seer of an BBpretfeotJoM
far from tbe Executive MaaNoa.
fairly well, until the opeaiae of the I
land regiBte. xnen Dy a oaapr
secured toe patroMee or Mrs.
Prok'that day his star was la thea
The ladies of the Cabinet, fiadiag I
could ana did matcenrst class
shown bv toe transects Drenared fer , "
Tin! FIRST? liDV OF TWJt T.ATt
.wv
became his regular customer. See ttte toi
ser lights of Washington society fleeted it
nis rooms oy tne teott. tom te.
apartments on theaTeaoe near the WMt!
House he blossomed forth ia the old
ster mansion on Connecticut aveaae.
a howl'was raised by the arkteeratN i
ers upon that thoroughfare at th idea efj
any "trade being represented ia
cred quarters. The newspapers toetaf2
matter in a cnamng way, out tae .
tent auletiy on. To-day be tt
tor of the most fashionable estah
the kind in the city.
Chatting with bim the other day. i
of the Opening of the social season he-
- xne ousiness oi me man aressn
grown-very rapidly within the past-
years, until there are uow some five or
men engaged in the trade. The iadieatisaal
are that the coming social season will he i
of great brilliancy. I have sot beea mIKsII
upon to compose any dresses for Hrsf Har
rison as vet JndziB? from the resurks at
certain correspondenta.ia regard to tbe par-V
simony of the President, I do not suppose Ij.
shall be.. Mrs. Cleveland was oae of Ww
most clever women I ever deak with.' Sms
was not extravagant for oae so young; in
deed I made more dresses for aer SMtMr.ti
Mrs. Polsom. Very frequently, Jars. Clave-
land would hare a costume of the preview
season altered to correspeeiwRh the fashtostY
nrtfiranBtraF." w M M
W. . VMW,...- JW..- ,, , A. , i
STOPPING THE HICCUUGIS. '
Mr. Smltfaktna Checks a Bad Attaek
Giving; Himself a FrlgfcC.
Youth's Companion.!
Mr. Smithkin had heard that a sere
for a hiccough- was a severe fright, .
evenintr. smokinr at his fireside after
per, he was taken with a hiccough, wktoatl
continned m iplte or all his eSer a to
it
Presently he got up suddenly frees j
cnair, suu coiicu. uui iu mium 99
Smithkin:
"I've Iostray watch! I've lest say w4eU
Mrs. Smithkm hastened into we reeauj
"John Smithkin!" said she, "What
yon mean? W by, you naint dose aav
thing. Here s your watca all
your vest pocket" !1
"Don't you think rfaiow that?" aM '
Smithkin. "I was jest giving savseM
severe fright, you know, to step the-1
congnst"
An Iqtrrrppiloa at Niagara
V
Z
Konekar Higlif (paraeh'ate 1
Break sway there! They ain't
where I! t'-AW-iSefc.
S
,j
.v.
V3 . -fii 3ki(1.. .....' iAHniR-7Ka!.rrr Kiitfj
Si jut
iaP-Ji
' tott-j,.
T