FROM THE PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE. 1 *;• 11. Obs er v at ions on the Letters of " A Fa k m e r> Aidujjtd to the Yconuinr\oj the United btJtes. (CONTIN'I ED.) it FARMER" seems dtfpofed to alarm j J. the hatters and tanneis with luggeftionsj that their saw materials may be cugroiled «nd made objifls offpeculation, but the third lec tion »(' tiie New-Jei fey law forbids the company to deal or trade in any raw materials but iuc 1 as are fit and necessary for the articles it manu factures, ami such as shaH be really raid truly obtained therefor. It is known that they have determined upon thoie branches which :equiie water spinning machinery (a cale peculiarly hap py as there are not two hundred water ipmcles in the United States) and the imports oi the goods they propose to make are ten times as great as their whole capital ltock, much oi which they/vill invest in buildings, lots, imple ments, machinery, working carriages and cat- tie. It is plain that bark, lime, and hides for the tanners could not be supplied to thefn from any distance, and they could notengrofs either. In refpeft to wool and our country iurs, the fame remarks apply to them, an J it they were tixpurchafe foreign furs they would no doubt do it abroad : But they do not appear to have in vie\V any thing but the spinning and cotton dy ing and calico printing business, and are appro priating their funds extensively to those branches. 44 The Farmer" declares the grants ot pri vileges, even such as t.;ey aie, to be uncoiifti tutional. Surely, then, there is no danger from them, as fiey mult be void and of no e;fe&. It he will examine the civil lift of New-Jer.ey, he will find no reason to apprehend, from the gen- tlemcn wba compose it, the enforcing of un- constitutional laws. The origin and design of the New-Jersey ma nufacturing society has been frequently miiun- dcrftood and misrepresented. In the year 179 1 > several months after the government had been transferred from New-York, the Secretary of the Treasury formed the plan. It was repre- fented, that one of the great objections to ma- nufa&ures in the United States was the want of money ; and although there was manifeftly a greater abundance of ation, unless objeCts to employ it were provided, and it ap peared therefore a reasonable belief that the want of capital, after One well-deviled and fuc ce sful plan, would ceale to be among the ob je&ions to manufactures. It isearneltly wilhed, that the body of the /hip owners in the United States may not furnilh an initance of an overap plication of capital, in one of the old mode-, which, as it is a talh business, must be accom panied with an actual excels of money. The recent banks, canals, and road-, de monstrate, that without new objects,large sums of money must have laid unemployed. With the iinpreffions above stated the plan of the ma nufacturing company was adopted, and it would be happy for Pennsylvania If her "Farmer" would promote the eftubiilhinent of such an im ftitution on that great interior canal, the river Sufquehannah, under the auspices of the State Legislature. The yeomanry would find, that the capital and industry of the manufacturing citizens would be wifely directed to the spot,' where their cattle, grain, wood, hemp, flax, wool,Bc iron, would be demanded by confuraers, without encountering the costly charge, and, in some instances, the insupportable exjence, of transportation to a sea-port. Several of these institutions would give a front to Ameri can manufactures which is ncceffary in their competition with foreign commodities. But to return to the New-Jersey manufactory : It ap peared prudent to take a position in that State for the purpose of interesting N;w-York and Philadelphia, and as New-Jersey has verv little foreign commerce, it was prefunied that both her legislature and her citizens would promote so valuable a branch of internal trade. The latter have accordingly fubferibed handsomely, and the State, knowing that thele new enter prizes are attended with great expences at the commencement, with risque, and sometimes with tof-., authorised the company to rai r e by lottery 103, odd dollars, as an indemnification. Their real estate was exempted from State tax es for ten years, and their stock, or personal property, altogether. These taxes, however, as before oblerved, will be very small under the State laws, and they will be so remote, that the manufacturers in other parts of the Union can not be "eniible of their efieCts. " The Farmer's" suggestion that the com pany will be enabled, by the temporary advan tage of a lottery, to undersell, is not even plau libie ; for we know that merchants and manu facturers d> not use their occasional advantages for the absurd purpose of undeiTelling their neighbours for a short time, but to encreafe " their own fubi. aiicc and (lock : And it t'wy were-to ihe cheaper; for i', the purchasers and , ti.-at is, "tU 6 nat tody of «< wmaiir)-" a1, " 1,L w ' a ° re illtelell thc " Fa *JJ® R ■ .yilhes to apfea.- very anxious, would be bene fited by it. It will he perceived by every reader, that t ie letters whicii are under examination, are not confined to the measure's which have been con templated in regard to American (or natioiia ) manuiaiHuicS. The the navigation laws, the the public credit, and t.e re venues of the United States, have each lukain ed his eiforts to wound them. The New-Jerk} manufactory ha; occupied but a part of his let cers. A concluding number will theietoie employed in the examination of his four art teles of impeachments (on the Tixth page) agamit tue Proficient of the United States, the majorities of the two Houfcs of and the S A freeman. From the Independent Chronicle. Mr. Adams, ~ \ S the friends of civil liberty witn at al. A times to be acquainted with every queftidn which appears to regard the public weal, a great number of gentlemen in thi-, and the neig. bojir ing towns, ;-ave fubferibed for the Satonal Ga zette, publiihed by Mr. Philip Fnncau, at Phila delphia ; and it is hoped that Enncau s Gazette, which is said to be printed under the eye of that eftablilhed patriot and republican Thomas jefer. /"on, will be generally taken in tne New-England States. From the Columbian Centinel. A CORRESPONDENT in the last Chronicle,.* recommends to tiie people ot New- ng an a general perusal of the Nntional Gazeltt, a to be printed under the eye of that _ c 1 , patriot and republican, 1 homai JeJjcrJon. e • ther this is intended as an avowal, on de part. of Mr. JeJfcJon, that he is the real-, and the imprudent trcneau, only the nommtl Editor of this chaste Gazette, the public is at a lo.s to de- ; termine. The advice is adapted to all, who, delight in the most virulent abuse on a govern ment, framed and administered by the people o America, to the honor, dignity and happmefs ot the country. And all who affect too much! learning to have anv piety, will be pleased witi the recommendation. The clergy ot our coun-1 try and rel gion constantly ricucule mud alfor'd a rch repast to Infidels and t'ee- ( Thinkers.—To deprive us of all confidence i«| a government, instituted and adnuruftere pyj ouri'elves; and under the auspices oi w 11c t e United States have progrefTed si rtm difcorc, po verty and contempt, to harmony, wea.th and honor, is a task worthy the pen ot a malignant stranger.—To take from us all trust in that re ligion, fur which our pious ancestors exchanged! a civilized country for the wilderneft, and on which we build our brightest hopes, lo £ L ! ne s in tnis, and a future world, may a light to 1 man ought to be well founded in his aflei tions, be fore he brings forward Mr. JrferJon, as the patron of such a Gazette. FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE USITF.D STATES, TO ARISTIDES. INDEED, Mr. Anjlides, you merit epac'-Ji much more than your nameake of old ; no however for being too jujl or too honest, hut iirft, for having become the champion of a per son whom you have yourfelfchriftened'Hu/a/wf; and secondly, for having made so very clumi; a defence for your patron. For the iirft offcno vou merit the animadversion of all good citi zens, and for the latter, the censure of you friend. It han old faying, but a true one, am :ertainly ve. ified in this instance, that a ma: frequently loi'es more bv the folly of us 1 riend s :nan the wickedness of his enemies. Let us ex unine a little your piece, and we ihall iind tha ou have not attempted to clear Mr. | Vom some of the weighty charges allc-dg« igainft him bv the Avow »: and that in fart yt.. lave not only admitted others, but even provei hem vourfelf to demonftration.—lt is a ver; afv matter to answer diaries by employing t!.< ompous terms of " virulent abu r e, basest ca amnyftnd fallhood, iniidious purposes, llabbing eputations, base and wicked calumuiator, owardly aflaflin, unprovoked and unmanly at ack, depravity of heart," and a long it ring o mmeaning words, which might with great pro iriety have been applied to the productions o: /lr. J 's Gazette for near a twejvemontl 'alt; but it is not, as AriJliJcsbns hiinfelf evincec n this occasion, so easy to refute plain charges' ounded in truth, and now in the mouth of ever' one!I citizen who is attached to his country nd (hocked at the present attempts to dlfturt ts tranquillity ajid happiness. 1 lhali now (hew \\'dt Ariflidcs has not attempted an anfwerto tht ery serious charge made in the publication eferred to, of his patron's hav ing set up a news •aper in this city, for the express purpoft o: bufmg and traducing the Secretary of the Trea ury; though his piece is written profefledly t< xculpate Mr. j from the charges made iy the American,yet there is noteven a glance at 'latjiriouj charge ; and so far lie has arted with nire wisdom than in any other part ofhis pub -1 cation, as the most prudent mode of answering n unanfwera'.'e accusation, is to pass it over n 'ilenee. "Without designing it, however, ti has confirmed that cnarge bsvond the ' tradition even of an oath. He tells us ; n ■oe place, that Mr. J is i: o pp o r ed ' t0 om, ol the principles of the funding lyftem, of le national bank, and of certain other measures t the Secretary of the Treasury;" and the '..per filled t' e National Gazette, has, from its uit eitaohfliment, teemed with ■;i.nft .bmeof the principles cf the fundm >uein, of the national bank, and certain other ueafures ot the Secretary of the Treafurv." 130 11l am.t'jc-r place lie lifti n lisi language, ac. announces Mr. J '» "Morrcnu of toW 0 the leading principle'; of Mr. Hajnilton s fcfca admiutfb ation and accordingly Mr. J - pre's has groaned ever since its birth wit. its abhorrence of the leading principles ui Mj Hamilton's tifcat administration. But Anji>d.:< fays further, t! -* 'his abhorreno is declared by his patron with a mei A j'ccd. m How far he may declare his fentiinents on thi .I,ljject with m.mlyjrreaom among his own party is belt known to them ; but certain it is, tha in other societies he is diltirrguifhed for a ver different mode of procedure ; cautiou-: end fny wrapped up in impenetrab e lilence and myfte i > lie reserves his a/ihorrcnce for the arcana ol snug fam'taary, where l'eated on ii pivot-chair, and involved in ail the obfeurjt myilery and deception, {.injliaes wi exeme lue for employing his own expreWjens he compounds and, with the aid of his aftiv tools, circulates liis poil'on thro'.the medium o the National Gazette. . Let us now take a view of the answer v. hie you have g ven to the twocharges (not the prin cipal one-) which the American has made again! yi v , ] The firft is, that he was oppofc< to the present Constitution of the United States of this you propose to prove the mal gnitv an< faifhood, -and how do you fuccecd? Why, truh bv producing a fragment oi a fpeechof Mr. 1 cn die ton in the Virginia Convention, in winch i quoted a fragment of a letter from Mr. J ; • V.) n the junction ot which two fragments it appears that Mr. J had fcen the Con llitution, and liked some pa', ts ot it that h< iad prepared some amendments to it—and tha provided his amendments were made part of it ie wished it to be adoptee!—-other wiie, not. i lis letter has any meaning—-an,c\ 1 conic s it i: fifficult to find a precise one, the plain Englifl )f it is, no constitution without my amendments In one part of this curious letter of advice, lit ays—Allopt the Confvitution, that you may fe .lire tli.e gredt and in.'portant good it contains ; thei ie I'uddenly wheels about (I luppoe he wa: bated or his phut when he wrote that epillle von't adopt it by any means if nine Hates hav ( 11 ready done so, without my amendment .. Bu' lere, as it his terfatilc chair had whilked ah<>uti econd time, he adds byway of a iecondpoft !c ript sut vou lDuft adopt at all events, rather thai iroduce a lchifni. In Ihort, his opinion appear: o have been as veriatile as his chair, and as ii chools, applications to the breech are lard t< iave a wonderful eifetTt on the bead, by dm io| ip learning, so there appears to be such a won erful connexion between the leat and the heac if this great politician, and the motions ot tn< >ne have such a powerful eifeet on the operation: jf the other, that we may fay with th.e Amcri :an poet — But Jftould his Honor raise Bum-Jiddle, The Charm would break off in the middle. Mr. Pendleton makes a pretty commentary on tl is epiflle ; Mr. j withes the iirl nine States to adopt it, what are ids lealbus Because it will secure to us the good it contain which he thinks great and important, and !n vH};r s the otlter four mav refufe it, becau'e hi , thinks it will tend to obtain necSHITy amend merits ; but be would not with that a JchiJi lhould take place in the union, on any conjid, rut'on According to this coriftrudtion ct the text, i ieems that the question before a State conven lion ought to have been in what numerical or der the State ftcod ; if Ihe was the nn.th Stat, about to consider the constitution, then it wa unneceiTary to discuss its merits,it mult be adopt ed at all events, but if the happened to be th< tenth, it must be rejected at all events wi thou any enquiry into its merits j the co .nderatioi of the conlHtution in both cases would 1»a v< been nugatory —the firft confederation of th< convention would be, how many States had al ready adopted, and accordingly it would only b< nccellary to ascertain that fart, which bcii.j done, the adoption or rejection tollowedof coiufe and though in other caiesit lhould leem that tin more States had adopted a measure, the mor< one would consider it a wife one and agreeablt to the people—yet in this ca r e our ingenious po litic.an recommends a rule direct .y the reverie and the more States have adopted the conltitu tion the less recommendation lhould it havt with the remainder. But when this lage advict was given it did not occur to its author tha' two conventions might be in fell on at. the famt time and that either of them by its ratificatioi would make the number mis ; what is to be don< then C If his advice Was good for Virginia, itwa: *ood for all the other States; how will they fettli the etiquette, which is t.) be the adopter with sut amendments, and which is to 1 oid o!f foi amendments ; there must be conferences be tween them, in which not a fvliable would b< "aid about the ion ft' 1 tut ion itlcii, but limply; li'cuflion wh.ich oug'ir to adopt to make up ti.i number vine ; —lhould this contest have hap pened between a very large and ,a very final State, Virginia and Delaware for instance, tin lifpute inight eaiily be fettled-—Virginia wouh laturallv fay, do you adopt and we will drivi :hem into;.mendnients by withhold ng our alien t uid little Delaware would yield to the will c :he great and antient dominion ; but luppo'i the contest between Virginia and uid neither would adopt—how then ? Or be ween Pennfylyania and Malfachnfetts, an< loth would ado.-t—how then ? Or between twi Vnall States, for instance, Georgia and Rhode !(land—how then ? If no compact CvUild he made md both refufed to adopt, the andimportun would not he fecureti; if both should adopt here would be no longer the magic number nint mt ten and less chance for amendn.ent-;. Bu 11 this is to be accompli Hied without fc ve y probable event ! Suppole the four large! tates, vi?,. Virginia, Penufylvania, Maliachu etts and New-York had rejj "ted 'the conltitu io*i, and insisted upon all the amendments whic heir conventions required : is it probable th ther l'ine States would without a schism ant struggle have relinquilhed their opinions, ot uffer themselves to be brow-beat into a ftr'mg ►f amendments which they, when they accepted AN AMERICAN. the constitution, deemed frivolou iat ■ or injurious Or on tr.e other lj, J' four linalleft States in the union wiuhe d t content 111 order to ol.tam amendment! i likely the others would have theiriu threats . In short, this lagacious poliuci n , ther meant to write luch a letter as lie tum-'.t would pieafe both parties, not knowin, t % which was likely to preponderate, which ird-ed accounts for its having been quoted by' both parties like a convenient iaw tale ; or; cjne 11 to publilh one of tho,e visionary political ip ecu . lations wittf which he is well know,, i„ luu c h to abound. Mr. Pundleton -ays, "Mr. is poil'eiied of the conftitutiott and has in hi , the Idea of amending it"; it is tub,, hedid not Kate t ,e purport of those amendine, t the curiolity ot the public wouid undoubted,'h' granhed with a f.glu of then. ; it is not ispV jable they are oi a fuiiilar complexion with iome of the wi.d schemes of government which lie is laid to have recommended about that t i, e to a let of raw politicians at Parir, mice known bv* the title of trtragts or madmen, who ignorant thems'elve} ot every principle of free and ration al government fwaiicwed greedily every pro - of our American politician, and by their in. temperance and fury drove out of France nil thole enlightened and patriotic citizens the Abbe Sieves, Mouiiier, Lally Tollendal', Lc who fought tor a well poiled government, pro perly checked ; and who foreiaw all the talanii ties to which their country would be expolcd by surrendering up ail the .powers of the go vernment to a let of ignorant enthufefts and indigent fanatics. Those calamities have flow burst upon that beautiful but unfortunate coun- try, aricl the miferablefufferers may thank the American Philofopbe'r for a great portion of them. At that time he countenanced one branch of and if conjiftent he inuft have re commended the fan e policy to the United States in his amemiinents; he has lince been lenilble 3f the miseries which France has experienced principally from that vice in her fyltettl, andte s now persuaded and acknowledges that France ,vill never have a fettled and good government without two branches. His advice however •omes too lute, the mifchief is done ; the enra res have acquired Inch an ascendancy in tbe S T ational Alfembly that they hae accounted for ? To dire ai»bition, the ruin of b manv empires, we may trace its At Mr. j , the re pre tentative of the \rnerican ration, wished for Union, becauv it vould promote its profperitv, and enhance ins lignity i but at Philadelphia, Mr. J fears n M' • Hamilton a formidable rival, andthere jre the -'boner he can ruin hnn in the puonc ■llimation, the hotter for hi r purpose. •nd were ail his means to be direeled on t e me hand, a monstrous affe&ation of mblicanifm, primitive ano'extno linary zeal for the public good—on te • and, to cry down the funding Item, ' he ekcife law, as emanations.from t aryof the Treasury, to endeavor boie measures odious to tlie peop , t tribute them ail to Mr. Hamilton ions. Tim in luppoit of the 1" < *lem, w eve (tvh't .ij.* 1 ] " :l ' .ttachwent to republican!!)!', .'J 11 j iu . voiiderful humility on ail occafior»- . ev veils ofi.io.ii.uate ambition, V, tw..'.-culate entoimums 01 ins ■titration, and abuieon his The charge therefore is we M 0 hat Mr. J- " tbe national lf ~ Jit—for the /" direalr ** --nrt: ,v on's observation that