PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FEN NO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN S,E{O t ND, AND TfHRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA
[No. 46, of Vol. lII.]
FROM THE COLUMBIAN CENT IN EL.
PUBLIC HAPPINESS
_ N*n. J.
AS pflblic?Mnpinefs : includes the g-eneral welfare of ihe p p o-
of)lcrvatujns will rcfpeft equally national and indi
vidual profperTiy. We will fiift conlider ihe facts and circum
stances, which nnKv exist favorable to hapoinefs in the United
Slat's of America. The territory is as gteat as the w;fhesof man,
it is diverfified with all the varietv ot foils and climates ncceffary
for every production ; it is accommodated with the fincft riveis
and .harbors, in ihe known wotld, with every other circomftance
conducive to and commeree—v.t. Teas and rivers are
ftorcd wiih the greatest variety' and plenty of ft!h, and its forcfts
with deer, and other al'eful animals, which supply the new fet
tlfrs with ptovifions—in short, this quarter of the world is une
qualled on the globe tor its natural advantages.
The next circumftauce to be confidcred, is the government. As
no people can long prolper without a good government, this isof
high importance ; and in this particular the United States, areas
hapovas they are in their natural fuuation ; their government is
eftablilhed on the basis of public welfare, and its principles the
refji; of reason and the experience of aliases. It has also this
funPrlative excellency, a principle of improvement in it, by which
the people may, at any time, when a majority judge it nectlfai*v,
makf amendments. By this admirable principle, all tumults and
revolutions, which have convulsed and ruined othen nations, mav
be forever prevented ; for whenever a majority wffti for aberra
tions they can ctf< ft them by a vote. If ihe minority unreason
ably Hamuli' - , they wi'l throw their words to the wmd, and if
thev t.fe force, they will be treated as rebels againlt liberty.
Therefore the goyernnirnt of this country may justly be confider
cd as the prrf:ft freedom, and the most permanent,that ever
exist d. N> ither the kinjly, or republican governments, of an
cient or modern times, will bear a comparison with the Unwed
States of America, either for excellency or duration. Nothing
less than a total pervcrfiori of human minds, produce
anarphy or ui th>s land.
We wili next consider the floinilHiitg Aate of the country ftnee
therrtablifh rentofih ir excellent -government,and theimprove
m rtt the people a e makmg of their natural advantages. Orje.of
th molt ft piking features, which arrcfts the attention of all -re
fitting nvnds, is the rapid population. By the late enumeration,
it appears, that ihe United States have about jour millions of neo
ph ! a growth, w<is never before seen under the fun. Their
progrefsin a»ts and sciences, in a'grieii lure, mahnlaftures and
commerce, have more than equalled the rapidity of population.
F did their oast '.nprovemenis, we mav conclufivtlv reason, as to
their future advances, and build w.th all human certainty on events
yet to cbnie. A TRAVELLER.
No. H.
P'.'RLIC credt being efl". ntial to the welfare of the people, they
can never hope ioi permanent prosperity until hinds are pro
vid <\ and sacredly employed to pay their debts. Therefore, Con
gress with great wisdom funded the public del t% and provided
for the pivment of the inter* If, and gradual cxtinftion of the prin
cipal. The revenue fyftetn was formed, and is executed with
such discernment thai public credit has rjfen in the Uil'ted State
in a drgfee (inparallel'ed in the world ; and the geneial prosperi
ty of the people has also increafcd beyond calculation. No'hing
is now wanting to complete and perpetuate the geneial welfare,
but a ft-~ady pursuit of the means wh'ch have been so emincn'l)
fiiccefsful. Asa finking fund is paTt of the system, and has already
t begun its operation, and as the money pitfduced by the sale o'
lands 's solely appropria'cd to this purpose, with the proceeds o!
the Port-Office,together with the surplus of the momy tailed by
all imp )fts and cxcifes,- her paving the neceirarv expenses of go
vernment, it is reafonai -.-< xpr£\cd the public .debts will be ra
pid! v reduced until their final extinttion. Although the funding |
and revenue system has not been two years in operation, the reve
nue already exceeds the cxnenfesof government, and in addition
lo the interefl of flic debt, large funis of the principal have been
paid. Andasihe revenue will increase wi'h a rapidity equal to
the growth of the country, the finkingfund tnuft enlarge from two
caufcs, whofc operations will perpetually augment each other ;
thercffyi&ion of expenses as the debt It (Tens, and the growing rc
vmu?—The period may not be far distant when the government
may bg employed to appropriate the revenue to such public pur
oofes as will most advarffce and insure the grcatcft interest and hap
jjsine's of the people. As 01 • capital.mean to a:c.eler »te a day 'o
glorious, and to increaTe the general in'ereft at ihe
p«fent< and intervening time, let us ronfider th- tendency o that
important institution formed the last session ot Ongreh. rftabliOi
ingthe BANK of the United States. But as this is so highly in
tereti<ng, and opens so wide a field for contemplat-on. ve i>l
refer it paoer. A IRA\FLLER.
PROCLAMATION, *
PubliJJjed in Martinique, on the "]th of J'tly, by the
King's Coinviijfioners, ftnt to enjorct th? law o\ th'
Bth of last December, relative to the situation o]
that Colony.
IMPRESSED with the of our nvfltort, and e?eerto
• nlwre itsfuccefs, we have hitherto taken, for the rule of our
conduct, a principle which as Hrongly prevails in our hearts. a«- i
is laid down in our inftru&ioiis—thai our mmiftry is a mmiftry
ot peace, not ot n^ur.
In rfFcft, we are the organs of the rriother country, and the de
pofrartesof her will, winch (he has charged us torarrv into exe-
Qwion, Mnon(r Frentbnven, h» r sons, and our brethren. We ha<l
therefore reason »o think, that it > ould have been fuflicieni torus
to speak in the name of the nation, the law and the kirn; : and
thai tnftant obedience would be paid, and order and «cgal lubor
<Jinatimi rellorrd.
- And mutt we relinquifb ftieb flitter'ng bones ? Snail 'be bene
volrnt views ot the nation and the king be difappointcd ? After
having tried every mcafure, that pa'ience, moderation, and the
K)veof peace, could mud we now be o' ' i \cA 10 have re
conrfe to coerrive m« an?, in order to ens refpeft u> 'he law }
The objetk of that law is, the general |>?etfiearion of the \\ nd
w ard Isles, and principally Martin«que. B'it h>w *ar is that
rft from beiiti;accomplished ! It fei sto be mi f undeHlorKl! \\
tti'l fee on all fides the dreadful an 1 lotting coofequences of *n in
testine war. On every fide, the foirit of difeorri -*nd hatred
ready t-» -enew the difturbaniet which have defolatcd th s unfor
tunate ifiand.
-Wednesday, October 5, I^9l
Yet it is Frenchmen who inhabit it!—children, who, deaf to
their mother's voice, thus facrifice her favors and their own in
erefts, to their private palfian.sand refentment! —brothers, whom
it is neceflary 10 reftraiq fi:>m cut ling «-ach other's throats!
A simple error is but of short duration. When the intention
is pure, the mind is easily brought back to reason. When the
common cause is a* flake, all Drivate pretensions are forgotten, all
animosities are appeased. But it :s evident, that there do exist
men fudicientlv wicked, fufhcjently i»ad,to persist. in their private
resentment, to ferment that of others, to endeavor to perpetuate
difordcr, and to rekindle the flames of war in this colony.
A proof of this wicked diipofition appears in those threats dic
tated by party Cpirit, against individuals of the op polite party—
in those acts of violence committed in several places, against their
peifoil's and their property —in that universal terror which has
spread through the ifland,and p-oauccs daily emigrations.
If the legal authority has proved irtfiifficient to prevent such ex
cefl" s, which almost all originated.iii mysterious darkness, it be
comes only the more ncccifary tocheck their progress, and to in
flict a signal punishment on those who lhall be difcovercd to be
the authors.
In confequencr—having received information of the late infu -
reft ion at Satin Pierre, on thegdinft. and being convinced by
this mortifying example, that steps.less fciiousindeed, but not less
criminal, had preceded, and that private quane)?, and the pi oft
trifling acts of violence committed HV 4wo individuals, are fuffici
ent to cause a general ferment in that city—we renew the prohi
bitions already expreHed- in our proclamation of the tj.ih of last
April, forbidding all persons, of -yhat rank focver, to offer, any
insult, or commit any ast, whereby peace and good order may be
"violated, cf\l of being profecuied and punilbed, according to
the rigour of the law.
We Jjk.ew.ifc forbid all peifons, iiujfer what pretext soever, to
cry out, To Arms, or to appear in armed bodies in the streets, on
pain of death, in conformity to the ordinances.
We declare, that we will ufc ever/ forcible means in our power
to fuze whoever shall contravene tiis proclamation, and to put
injLo immediate execution the fenten:e pronounced on the authors,
abettors and accomplices of such infurteftions. And from the
neceflijy of coercing, by striking examples, those who have, for
so Ibng a time, forgotten and despised the laws, we htVe enjoined
the public officers to make all necefTary researches, that inlonna
tioo n»ay be given, without delay, refpefting the unlawlul
ceedings which have lately spread the alarm in the city of St.
Pierie ; and to ast conformably to our former rcquihtion, relative
to 1 he dtflurbers of the public tranquility.
We direst and order all the tribunals, and all those whom it
may concern, to publish this proclamation in their refpeftive dif
| trifts, and to aid and ailift in carrying it into execution, so far as
each is concerned.
St. Pierre, July />, 1791
Address prefciited L'<rd Dorchefler, by the inhabit
ants of Qjjebec, on his intended departwe Jor
England ; fg'ied by 120 of the mojl rt/peOable
citizen) oj that place, dated Augnjl 17, 179'*
sO HIS EXCELLENCY THE RIGHT HOt.ORABLE
GUY LORD DORCHESTER,
COVERKOR GENERAL OF THE I'ROVlb'iE OF QUEBEC, &
May it please your Excellency,
WE, citizens of Quebec, leg leave to ap
pioach your Lordship with feniiinents of
dutiful affeeftion fur your person., and of lively
"latitude for the experience we have repeated
ly had of your Excellency's mild, benevolent
and wife adininiftratioti, and of the encourage
ment and protection given to the agticultuie
and commerce of this country.
To foppi ess our regret at your Lordflip's ap
proaching departure, would be doing violence
ro our feelings j yet we indulge llie pleafingbope
that your ahfence will be but temporary, and we
\ anticipate the happy profpeJl of your speedy re
inrn to your governments and command.
Sensible o! your Lordship s zeal for the ill cr
efts of this province, we hope with confidence,
that whatever arrangements are necellary to
bring to perfection the new eilablii.iment of a
free conllitntion of government preparing for
us, they will be objects of your Excellency s pe
culiar care and attention during your residence
in England.
In taking leave of your Lordship, wc wifli to
express the high refpe<ft and esteem we entertain
f„ Lady Dorchester's distinguished and exem
plary character.
Sincerely w iihingyonr Lordship and amiable
family a fafe and profpernus voyage and return,
V\ e have the honor to be, may it please yout
Excellency, your Lordfliip's most obedient fer-
van'.s, &c
DOCTOR PRIESTLY
The personal abuse and deltrnOiian of proper
ty which this gentleman, and the oilier Dillen--
ers, have laiely experienced at Birmingham, ap
pear to be, ajid certainly are great «■:.s ; t>nr,
like all other apparent evils, tliey will, in the
com Te of events, molt afl'uredly prodnre fontc
I'reittcr " Perfeeution has always been the
means of promoting; the perfecnre I Religion.—
The t.'c:' oft'-; Mrrtrrj -jus the feed oj the church."
181
LA COSTE,
MAGNYTOT,
MONDfcNOIX,
LINGtR.
(Signed)
[Whole No. 254.]
L O N D O N, Anguft i.
THE Duke of York, after his marriage, is ex
pected to reside a good deal at Berlin.. The
Prthcefs Kredcrica is so much a favourite with
her father, that it is not thought he will readily
content to her relidence in England.
The following art extrads of fivtral /etttrs from
Birmingham. ' :
" Many mannfcripts of Dr. Priestley's vrris
ing lie scattered near hjs late lioufei Repoct
fay* that a bond of annuity from Earl Shelburn,
now Marquis of Lanfdown, for 3001. 3 y* ar
the Doctor was found—but this 1 cannot aver as
fact.
Some pamphlets of an inflammatory nature,
and a private printing press being found in the
house of Kr. Rul'ell, \vere tlie cause of its being
burned. Indignation, and not plunder, appears
to be th« governing principle, of the populare.
Long live the King, and God protect pur Conili
tution, is conifantly exclaimed : And when a
house is pulled down—the cry is, so perilh ail
the enemies of Great-Britain.
" The, house of Mr. Hobfon, a Pre{by terian
Pavfuu, and the dwelling? of Mefiienrs
liawkeSj. Harwood, and a farm houfc in the
neighbourhood of Mofcly, were al(o deniolifiled.
These perfous marked as principal applaud
ers of the French Revolution.
" Mr. Taylor's fine house is never to be re
built—he f:t\s it fliall ieina:ii in its present {late
as a monument of the majefly of the people ! !
The Courts of Vienna and Madi id ar6
earnelt'ly piirfuing some ( oncealed objetff of poli
litinl moment. Couriers 3te continually pall
ing with amazing expedition. 1 his, however,
ouches us nor
The letters of the Kingand Oueen of France
to Vienna, can contain nothing confidential, for
they are all avowedly examined by M la hay
ette and his fatellires. They are therefore fa
bricated for their infpetftion.
The return of the King of Sweden from Ins
political journey, indicates a fnfpenfion of the
ho'file projects againfl: France, which rumor has
so confidently attributed to the continental pow
ers. For the Swediih Monarch has genet ally
been considered as the probable general of the
confederates.
The spirit of revolt, the embers of which are
still difcernable in the will be a
powerful restraint on the interposition of the
Emperor in the projected counter-revolution in
France. The National Afl'emblv would without
doubt ftimnlare, probably with fnccefs, the difj
contented Flemings to infurretfiioti, and wou.d
give them effectual fopport.
Reports are now circulating in the city ofnews
received from Madras, that Bangalore was in
pofl'efßon of the 2rit ifh troops, and Lord Corn
wallis in full march to Serincapatam on the 10th
of March. Thel'e, we presume, are anticipation*
of the news expected to be received, for thev are
not of a nature to be kept back from the public.
INTELLIGENCE FROM INDIA.
BOMBAY C, A? T\TE.
Dec. if. Eigli Bengal cargoes of Rice have
already been landed, and disposed of from eight
and a quarrer, to eight rupees fix annas per bag ;
Hut retailed at nine and nine and a quatter per
bag, and is still very scarce.
CALCUTTA GAZETTE.
January is. Mr. Wroughton formerly collec
tor of the diflridt of Morning has proceed
ed for Europe on board the Tran'fmadorfF, tin
ker Imperial colours ; on a representation from
Ihe Sheriff, the l'ilot received orders not to car
ry the ship out unless Mr. Wronghton wag deli
vered up, but the Captain, w'e understand, refuf
ed to do so, and sent to Chandernagore for a
French l'ilot, so that it is probable Mr. Wrough
ton will still escape.
Feb. 5. The letters from Madras of tlie 1 ;:li
and t6th tilt. mention, that a large body of the
enemy's horse was fnppofed to have formed a
lodgement in the neighbourhood of the Mount,
about ten or twelve utiles distant from Madras ;
and that in consequence the people from the frir
roundirtg villages were flocking into the Black
Town, ami the families were moving from their
houTes on Chonltree plain into the Fort—Colonel
Wangenheim's regiment of Heflians, had been
ordered into the Fort from the Black 1 own.
The army on the 14th, were in the vicinity of
IVmomally, and were proceeding further to ilie
/