off PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENXO, No. 41. BROAD-STREET, NEA. [No. 25, (/VOl. ll.j DISCOURSES ON DAVILA. No. XII. Think We, like Come weak. Prince, th' eternal cause Prone, ior his favV.tes, to revei fe his laws ? EMULATION, which is imitation and some thing more—a desire not only to equal or resemble, but to excel ; is so natural a move ment of the human heart, that wherever men are to be found, find in whatever manner allbciated or connected, we fee its effedts. They are not more affected by it, as individuals, than they are in communities. There are rivalries between every little society in the fame city—between fa milies and all the connexions by consanguinity and affinity—between trades, faculties, and pro fedions—between congregations, pariflies and churches—between schools, colleges, and univer sities—between districts, villages, cities, provin ces and nations. National rivalries are more frequeutly tlie cause of wars than the ambition of ministers, or the pride of kings.—As long as there is patriot!l\n, there will be national emulation.vanity and pride. It is national pride which commonly stimulates kings and ministers.—National fear, apprehen iionof danger, and the neceflity of felf defence, is added to such rivalries for wealth, considera tion and power. The fafety, independence, and evidence of a nation, depends uporvkeeping up, an high sense of its own honor, dignity and pow er in the hearts of its individuals, and a lively jealousy of the growing power and aspiring am bition of a neighboring State.—This is well il lustrated in the Political Geography, publilhed in our Hewfpapers from London, within a few weeks. " The jealouiies and enmities, the al liances and friendfhips, or rather the combina tions of different States and Princes, mightalmolt be learned from a map, without attention to what has parted, or is now palling in the world. Next neighbors are political ewuiw • State' l*e -.veen which a common neighbor, and tlierelore common enemy intervenes, are good friends, in this refpecl Europe may !>e compared to a chefs board, marked with the black, and with the •white spots of political discord and concord.— Before the union between England and Scotland, a frietidlhip and alliance fubiilted for between the latter ofthefe kingdoms and France, because they was both inimical to England. For a like reason, before a Prince of Bourbon, in the beginning of the prefant celitury, was raised to , the Spanilh throne, a good underltanding fubfilt- j ed for the mod part, between England and Spain, ■ and before the late alliance, there was peace and kindnels, with little interruption, for the space of centuries, between England and the Emperor. An alliance has long fubfiited betweed the French and the Turks, 011 account of the intervening do minion ofthe Auftrians. The Swedes were long the friends of France, on account of the inter vention of Holland and Denmark—and because Sweden the friend of France, wasfituatedin the neighborhood of the Ruilian territories, a friend ship and commercial intercourse was eftabliihed, from the very firft time that Muscovy appears on the political theatre of Europe, between England and Ruflia. It is fuperfluous to multiply inltan aes of this kind. All past hiitory and present observation will confirm the truth of our poiition —which, though very fiinple, is like all other simple truths, of very great importance—for, however, the accidental caprices and paiiions of individual Princes, or their mini Iters, may alter the relative dispositions and interests of nations for a time, there is a natural tendency to revert to the alteration already described. We have been led into these reflections by the treaty of fenfive and defenfive, that has been formed be tween Sweden, Pruflia, and the Sublime Porte —between Pruflia and Holland— ; and the report ■which is verp probable, Hiat a treaty ofFenfive »nd defenfive is 011 the point of being concluded be tween Turkey and Poland. In this chain of al liances we find the order of the chefs-board ad hered to, in some inftences, but palled over in others- It is observed there should. be an alli ance between RuiJia and Sweden—and also that there should be an alliance between Poland and Turkey, because Rufiia intervenes between Tur ky and Sweden, and Hungary between Turkey and Poland—but that there fliould be an alliance between Poland and Prussia is owing to particu lar and accidental circumrtances. The two for mer alliances may therefore be expected to be laftmg—the latter to be only temporary and pre WEDNESDAY, JULY 7, 1790 carious. In general the chain of alliance, that is formed or forming, among the Swedes, Prus sians, Poles, Dutch, Turks, and we may fay the English, is amoft linking proof, of the real or supposed flrength and influence of the two im perial courts of Rulßa and C'ermany." The writer of this par* ■ . • might have added the alliance between Engi.uH'. and Portugal, and that between the United Sta.