Lor 1 . Ho-rtmad.- a fig;al for fevcral ships
to give ctiuee ; whicL they did, and camc
up io fact, that before i o'clock, two of
our sup» began to fire : but whether from
their fnp rior judgment, or our wilful tku
pi 'ity, I know not, but on the rooming
of the 19th no: a Frencjl (hip wis to be
ft"i. It wis th;general opinion that we
could capture ever/ one of them. So fan
gnine were We in our expc&ationt, and at
the lam? time so confident of fucceCs, that
calculations \v. re made of the prize money
which fhotild fall to each m n, but thele
hopes entirely vaniflird with, the return of
light. Ne'er was such apparent oifcon
tc.it seen, as in the morning when the
French fleet had to clear off."
The troops left at Guernsey with the
Earl of Moi'.a, are mostly sick, The ex
pedition is certainly fruftrated for the
p, ;fent. Whether or not it will ever be
reluiried, is another que!t ion.
THE DUKE OF YORK's ARMY.
Geneial orders of his royal highness
the commander in Chief.
Head quarters, Tournay, Dec. 13, 1793
His royal highness the commander in
chief cannot fuffer the troops to go into
v. inter quarters without expressing to them,
pv. vious to toeir separation, the sense he
entertains of the intrepidity, patience, and
perfcverance they have difplaved, so much
to their own honor and his fatisfaftion, in
the course of the campaign.
His royal highness detires the officers
and men will accept his warmed acknow
ledgements, and be allured their meritori
ous exertions have made an iiripreffion on
his mind that never will be effaced He
is persuaded that the good conduct of the
troops in quarters will equal their gallan
try i.i the field.—His royal highness de-
Ares the officers will explain to their mtfti
the good consequences which mull natur
ally ensue from their conciliating, by their
gocd behaviour, the affection of our Allies,
the fubjeft* of his Imperial Majesty; and
bis royal highness is perfectly allured, that
every officer, feeling the importance of this
obi eft, will take every opportunity of giv
ing it the weight it so iuftly deserves, both
by precept and example.
His royal highness crders, that all the
troops under his command pay proper re
peft to the Hv/i, and all other religious
processions. He directs that all sentinels
carry their arms when any religious pro
cession is puffing; and demands the atten
tion of all officers, but particularly thole on
dutv, to prevent impropriety being com
mitted on these occasions.
His royal highuefs is confident,that the
troops under his command will ever bear
in mind, that, though we differ iu some of
the ceremonies of religion, we unite with
our gallant Allies, and it is our gldty to
do fo,iu everyfentirnentof devotion to our
Creator, and attachment and loyaltv to
sovereigns.
Every regiment of the line on the Iri(h
Eftablilhment Is toconfiltof 1,200 men,
two Lieutenant Colonels, two Majors, and
two additional Captains.
For lie GjiztTTS of the Usited States-
Mr. Fbnno,
As a friend to the Old Soldiers, you
are requested to give our thoughts and
complaints to our Fellow-citizens especial
ly to members of Congress.
Learning by your Gazette, that ano
ther petition is now before Congress for
the payment of the New Emi/Jion Bills,
our hope of speedily receiving our due, is
revived. We took these bills in payment
for part of the time we served in the ar
my, and were told they would be as good
as Gold and Silv :r, as the individual States
solemnly promised to pay them, and also
to make it certain, the United States in
Congress insured the payment of them,
and pledged their sacred faith and honor
to pay the interest annually until the bills
were paid. But as the war was so expen
tive, Congress could not raise money to
pay every demand as it became due, we
patiently waited until the war ended, but
ft ill we were told, there was not money
to pay us. When the new government
began to talk about paying the public
debts, we expelled these t>ills which were
secured by a double promise, would be the
fiilt paid.—lt is painful to fay, what has
been our difpapointmerrt—Our bills are
not paid—N'cw-York, with true faith and
honor, paid her bills in silver, years ago,
Knd we suppose other States may have
dohe as well; but we never depended on
uny State for payment, bat on Congress
under jvbofe authority we ferved—wliofe
sacred promite we lelied on—and to Coh
grrjs, we now now look up for speedy jus
tice. If the faith of Congrefe is not as
good as that of New-York, the world is
turned upside down, and Hands on the lit-
end ! —But, will iyuii.faU !.
We have Teen, with iorrow, great debts
paid—millions funded, and the interest
paid—and State debts afiumed—and onr
bills, the price of pOr sweat and blood,
remain, to this day, unpaid—not even the
interest !—Altho' our demands are small,
they are more neecflary for u>, than thou
sands to rich men- One hundred dol
lars, to an Old Soldier, is a great thin j,
and would sweeten the life of his whole
family for a long time. Certainly, every
good ma* in Congress will be our friend,
and we hope they are now all good.
OLD SOLDIERS,
For the Gazette of ths Unit&j States.
Mr. Fenno,
A number of Citizens, wish to be in
formed, why the Mayor or Recorder of
this city, has not agreeably to the provi
sions of the Ast of A (Terribly, parted the
Bth of March, 1792, been required by a
vote of the Mayor, Aldermen, and Com
mon-Councilmen; to iflue a writ, direct
ing a new election, to be held to supply
the vacancies occasioned by the death of
MetTrs. Jacob R. Howel, Jacob Schriner,
and John Wood, and the resignation of
Mr. James Abercrombie, of the Common-
Council.
It may be remarked, that conformably
to the Ast of incorporation ; a general
election for Council men, will not take
place before the second Tuesday in April,
'795, till wh ch time, a period of 1301-
14 months ; (if the vacancies are not pre
viously supplied,) our representation will
be incomplete.
It is well known, that those members
of the Common-Council, who have died
or resigned, wereufeful active members of
that body : —And it is certainly proper
that an opportunity (hould be given to
the citizens, of supplying their places by
men, equally refpeftable, and equally
worthy of their confidence.
If it be said, that is scarcely worth
while to call the citizens together, for the
purpose of electing ortly four Cciuncil
men ; —I reply that four is not an incohfi-.
derable number, particularly where the
loss of four such men as have died or resign
ed, ii to be supplied ; and that btfides,
as it is not probable that more than four
vacancies in 3 years time, will ever hap
pen, and as the Legislature has thought
proper to make special provision, for sup
plying vacancies, they mult have had
it in contemplation, that a new elec
tion Ihould be had whenever such a num
ber of vacancies Ihould take place. The,
Legislature has expressly said, that the
Common-Council Ihould cotifift of 30
members, and have enacted that when the
number (hall fall (hort of that, there
may be an election—and has the corpora
tion a right to fay otherwise ? such a doc
trine would indeed be a dangerous one.
I have been informed, that a difficulty
has often arisen in collecting a quorum
for the purpose of proceeding to business,
to conllitute which fixteenCommon-Coun
cilmen are neceflary, with the Mayor
or recorder, and 8 Aldermen :—This dif
ficulty will not so often occur, if the re
prcfentation be complete, and regard is
had to the election of such men, as will
attend closely to the duties of their ap
pointment.
From the effe£t produced, we haverea
fon to think, that the incorporation of
the city, was a wife measure ; the prin
ciples on which it was incorporated, were
well considered, and generally approved,
and the continuance of these good effects
may be bed fccured by the preservation of
these principles—and taking care that the
number of representatives be fufficient,
and the representation complete.
I trull that these considerations will have
due weight with the members of the cor
poration ; and that they will comply with
the wilh of a large number of their fel
low citizens, in causing a n#w election to
be had.
PHILADELPHIA
PRICE of STOCKS.
6 per cent«, 16/9
3 ditto, 5/5
Deferred, 10/"
U. S. Bank, 5 per cent. adv.
CONGRESS.
House R rfircfeft t ati ites.
January 30.
In cbmmittee of the whole oh Mr. Ma/lifon'i
resolutions
etch of Mr. Madifw.
[continued.]
4. It had been an objc&ion to
folutious, that they might deprive us of
the aid of British capital and credit, which
were necessary to the prosecution of our
commerce.
Mr. M. did not admit either that the
effect would happen, or that it would be
ruinous-to our commerce.
Unless Great Britain fbould, of her
own choice, put a flop to the commercial
intercourse with us, which for reasons be
fore given would be so much more hurt
ful to herfclf than to this country, that it
never could be presumed ; the resolutions
would operate only by abridging some of
out importations, and by varying the
channels of others, Her capital, as far
as requisite here, might continue to be em
ployed here.
On the general question concerning our
dependence on British capital and credit,
he observed that it could not be denied
that more use was made of them at pre
sent, than was either necessary or benefi
cial. Credit when extended to consumers,
as was the cafe throughout the southern
states, was extremely injurious; as had
been well explained by a member of Vir
ginia (Mr. Nicholas,) and as he himfelf
h'ad equally witneffesj. When confined
to merchants, it might, within certain
limits, be an advantage ; but it was not
only his own opinion, but that of better
judges, that the credit given to our mer
chants, was at present excessive and inju-
rious.
In order to form a very precise judg
ment on this fubjeft, it would be necefTa
ry, he said, to calculate the amount of
out own capital, and its proportion to the
amount of our trade. This was a thing
he supposed, which could not well be done.
If he had concurred in the doctrine, of
which so much had been heard both with
in and without doors, that a funded debt
and banks of discount, were equivalent to
affive capital, he should have a ready an
swer to the difficulty,. The paper of the
two kinds, in the United Staffs, cannot
amount to less than onehundred millions of
dollars ; whilst the amount of our ex
ports or our imports, does not exceed one
fourth of that capital. It is true, a part
of both the public and the bank (locks, is
in foreign hands ; but, with the mod am
ple deductions on that account, the residue,
if ope:ating in any considerable degree, as
attive capital, would be a competent re
source.
As he did not however view the doc
trine in the particular light in which it
had been painted ; it would he more to
his purpose, to observe, that there was
certainly in this country a real mercantile
capital to a very refpe&able amount; —
that this was fall inereafing with our in
creasing population and wealth ; —that if
the foreign capital of one country (hould
be withdrawn, the vacancy would proba
bly by degrees be occupied by that of
other foreign nations J that if it I'honld
happen otherwise, there was reason to be
lieve. that a reftriftion of our use of fo
reign credit, would be rather salutary than
disadvantageous ; that in fine, as long as
we had twenty millions of dollars worth of
produce, wanted by other nations; and
were willing to take for it, twenty mil
lions worth 1 of what they wished to part
with, he was under no apprehension that
the means of effefhiating an exchange,
would not be found. Both merchants
and capital would qiiickly be generated by
such a state of things, if they did not pre
viously exist.
5. It had been observed by fevcral
members, in allusion to the alledged pro
portion of British manufactures consumed
by us to the entire mass of her manufac
tures, that Great Britain would never part
with her navigation ast, in order to avoid
a loss of four per cent, in the demaud for
her manufactures.
To this obje&ion he anfwercd; that
the eomparifon ought to be our consump
tion, not with the entire mass of her ma
nufactures, but with the part entering in
to her foreign trade ; and then the loss
would not be four per cent, but, at least
twenty pet cent ; that this would not be
the only loss (he would sustain, if (he
(hould be unwise enough to (lop the in
tercourse between the United States and
her dominions; that it had been ilreadf
(hewn, that, when '.he apprehended a re
ftriftive system on our part, {he was wil
ling to pievent it, by relaxing herreftric
tive system ; that in times of war, when
an adherence to that system would distress
her, {he frequently suspends her navigati
on act; that at this moment it is suspend
ed in relation to the Wsft-Indies; that
there could be little doubt, if the tempo
rary necessity, were likely to' be made
permanent by firm and judicious measure*
011 our part, chat the remedy for it would
be. made permanent alio.
6. It was objected that the present wa«
an improper time for such rcfolutions.
The principal reason given for this was,
that the negociation between the secretary
of state and the British minister here, was
ftill depending. To (hew that this reason
was unsound, Mr. M. went into an histo
rical view of what had palled in reference
to commercial arrangements. He read the
mefiage of the Prelident tp the House of.
Representatives, oh the 14th of February,
1791, acquainting them, that steps had
been taken to ascertain the difpofitionj of
the British court on the fubjeft, and that
there was no ground for favorable expec
tations. He dated, that in consequence
of this communication, a committee was
appointed, who reported that foreign vefc
fels ought not to be allowed to bring into
the United States any articles not of the
produce or manufacture of the country to
which they belong, and that an additional
duty of twelve and an half cents ought to
be laid on all diitilied spirits, the produc
tion of any country or place from which
veflels of the United States were not per
mitted to bring them ; that it being very
near the end of the session when this re
port was made, it was referred to the se
cretary of state, with an inftru&ion to re
port to the next feflion an account of the
foreign commercial regulations affecting
the United Stales, with his opinion, &o.
that at the next feiiion, a letter was re
ceived from that officer, intimating that
in the a&ual state of circumstances, the
report would not be given in, unless called
for by the House ; tuat at the present ses
sion, the report now before the commit
te.', was given in, without being called
for; and was ther fore a proof, that the
circumstances which had caused the delay
ha J van fh :d, and t'.iat at present there
was nothing in train, according to the o
pinlon of the secretary of state, which
ought to r.ftrain the Legiflaturc from
proceeding in the business.
In answer to suggestions, that the Bri
tish minister had, 11 the correspondence
with the secretary of state, lately commu
nicated by the President, manifefted a fa
vorab'e dif-ofitioi, which hid not been
improved—Mr. M. recurred to the paf
fagc which related to this point. He read
from the firft letter of Mr. Jeffcrfon to
Mr. Hammond, dated Nov. 29, 1791, a
paragraph requesting Mr. H. « to fay,
whether he was authorized to conclude,,
or to negociate arrangements with us,
which may fix the commerce between the
two countries, on principles of reciprocal
advantage ?" To this reqiieft Mr. H. on
the 30th of Nov. 1791, answered, "That
the King was sincerely disposed to promote
and facilitate the commercial intercourse
between the two countries, and that he
was authorized to communicate to this
government, his majelty's readiness to en
ter into a negociation for establishing that
intercourse upon principles of reciprocal
benefit." On Dec. 6, he wrote to Mr.
J. in order to prevent misapprehension,
that although he was not yet empowered
to conclude aiiy definitive arrangement
with refpeft to the commercial intercourse,
he still meant it to be Understood, that he
was fully authorized to enter into a ne
gociation for that puipofe, Sec. The re
ply of Mr. J. on the 13th of Dec. inform
ed Mr. H. that he had laid his letters be
for the President, and was ready to re
ceive a communication of his full powers,
for entering into the negociation, See.
This was followed next day by a letter
from Mr. H. stating, that he had no spe
cial commiflion to conclude any definitive
arrangement upon the fubjeft of commer
cial i ltercourfe—but that he conceived
himfelf fully competent to enter into a ne
gociation, and the difcuflion of principles
that might be the bafisof such definitive
arrangement—and that this opinion of hit
competency was founded on the instruc
tions which were to regulate his personal
conduct, and the general plenipotentiary
chara&er in which he had been sent, and
received.
(Speech to is continued,)